84 results on '"Cazap E"'
Search Results
2. A randomised phase II study of oxaliplatin alone versus oxaliplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid (Mayo Clinic regimen) in previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer patients
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Zori Comba, A., Blajman, C., Richardet, E., Bella, S., Vilanova, M., Cóppola, F., Van Kooten, M., Rodger, J., Giglio, R., Balbiani, L., Perazzo, F., Montiel, M., Chacón, M., Pujol, F., Mickiewicz, E., Cazap, E., Recondo, G., Lastiri, F., Simon, J., Wasserman, E., and Schmilovich, A.
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- 2001
- Full Text
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3. Abstract P4-16-09: Phase 1b/2 trial of the HER3 inhibitor patritumab (U3-1287) in combination with trastuzumab plus paclitaxel in newly-diagnosed patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC)
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Carraro, S, primary, Campos, D, additional, Copigneaux, C, additional, Saintilien, C, additional, Beckman, RA, additional, Korbenfeld, E, additional, Coppola, MP, additional, Halabe, K, additional, and Cazap, E, additional
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- 2013
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4. Problem solving for breast health care delivery in low and middle resource countries (LMCs): consensus statement from the Breast Health Global Initiative.
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Harford, J.B., Otero, I.V., Anderson, B.O., Cazap, E., Gradishar, W.J., Gralow, J.R., Kane, G.M., Niens, L.M., Porter, P.L., Reeler, A.V., Rieger, P.T., Shockney, L.D., Shulman, L.N., Soldak, T., Thomas, D.B., Thompson, B., Winchester, D.P., Zelle, S.G., Badwe, R.A., Harford, J.B., Otero, I.V., Anderson, B.O., Cazap, E., Gradishar, W.J., Gralow, J.R., Kane, G.M., Niens, L.M., Porter, P.L., Reeler, A.V., Rieger, P.T., Shockney, L.D., Shulman, L.N., Soldak, T., Thomas, D.B., Thompson, B., Winchester, D.P., Zelle, S.G., and Badwe, R.A.
- Abstract
1 april 2011, Item does not contain fulltext, International collaborations like the Breast Health Global Initiative (BHGI) can help low and middle income countries (LMCs) to establish or improve breast cancer control programs by providing evidence-based, resource-stratified guidelines for the management and control of breast cancer. The Problem Solving Working Group of the BHGI 2010 Global Summit met to develop a consensus statement on problem-solving strategies addressing breast cancer in LMCs. To better assess breast cancer burden in poorly studied populations, countries require accurate statistics regarding breast cancer incidence and mortality. To better identify health care system strengths and weaknesses, countries require reasonable indicators of true health system quality and capacity. Using qualitative and quantitative research methods, countries should formulate cancer control strategies to identify both system inefficiencies and patient barriers. Patient navigation programs linked to public advocacy efforts feed and strengthen functional early detection and treatment programs. Cost-effectiveness research and implementation science are tools that can guide and expand successful pilot programs.
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- 2011
5. Breast cancer management in low resource countries (LRCs): consensus statement from the Breast Health Global Initiative
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El Saghir, N, Adebamowo, Ca, Anderson, Bo, Carlson, Rw, Bird, Pa, Corbex, M, Badwe, Ra, Bushnaq, Ma, Eniu, A, Gralow, Jr, Harness, Jk, Masetti, Riccardo, Perry, F, Samiei, M, Thomas, Db, Wiafe Addai, B, Cazap, E., Masetti, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0002-7520-9111), El Saghir, N, Adebamowo, Ca, Anderson, Bo, Carlson, Rw, Bird, Pa, Corbex, M, Badwe, Ra, Bushnaq, Ma, Eniu, A, Gralow, Jr, Harness, Jk, Masetti, Riccardo, Perry, F, Samiei, M, Thomas, Db, Wiafe Addai, B, Cazap, E., and Masetti, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0002-7520-9111)
- Abstract
The Breast Health Global Initiative (BHGI) brought together international breast cancer experts to discuss breast cancer in low resource countries (LRCs) and identify common concerns reviewed in this consensus statement. There continues to be a lack of public and health care professionals' awareness of the importance of early detection of breast cancer. Mastectomy continues to be the most common treatment for breast cancer; and a lack of surgeons and anesthesia services was identified as a contributing factor in delayed surgical therapy in LRCs. Where available, radiation therapy is still more likely to be used for palliation rather than for curative treatment. Tumor receptor status is often suboptimally performed due to lack of advanced pathology services and variable quality control of tissue handling and processing. Regional pathology services can be a cost-effective approach and can serve as reference, training and research centers. Limited availability of medical oncologists in LRCs often results in non-specialist providing chemotherapeutic services, which requires additional supervision and training. Palliative care is an emerging field in LRCs that requires investment in training and infrastructure development. A commitment and investment in the development of breast cancer care services by LRC governments and health authorities remains a critical need in LRCs.
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- 2011
6. Accelerating progress on non-communicable diseases
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Sacco, RL, primary, Smith, SC, additional, Holmes, D, additional, Shurin, S, additional, Brawley, O, additional, Cazap, E, additional, Glass, R, additional, Komajda, M, additional, Koroshetz, W, additional, Mayer-Davis, E, additional, Mbanya, JC, additional, Sledge, G, additional, and Varmus, H, additional
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- 2013
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7. NCD Alliance responds to Iona Heath
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Mbanya, J.-C., primary, Smith, S. C., additional, Cazap, E., additional, and Squire, S. B., additional
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- 2011
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8. Breast cancer care in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
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Cazap, E. L., primary, Buzaid, A., additional, Chacon, R., additional, Garbino, C., additional, de la Garza, J., additional, Guercovich, A., additional, Mickiewicz, E., additional, Orlandi, F., additional, Schwartsmann, G., additional, and Vallejos, C., additional
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- 2007
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9. Single-agent gemcitabine in pretreated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: results of an Argentinean multicentre phase II trial
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Kooten, M Van, primary, Traine, G, additional, Cinat, G, additional, Cazap, E, additional, Comba, A Zori, additional, Vicente, H, additional, Sena, S, additional, Nievas, O Rodriguez, additional, and Orlando, M, additional
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- 1999
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10. TAXOL® (paclitaxel) 1-hour infusion plus doxorubicin as first line treatment for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients
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Mickiewicz, E., primary, Di Noto, M., additional, Bas, C., additional, Ventnglia, M., additional, Jovtis, S., additional, Lewi, D., additional, Rondinón, M., additional, Temperley, G., additional, Trigo, M., additional, Bertoncin, A., additional, Pascual, M.E., additional, Uranga, G., additional, Cazap, E., additional, Breier, S., additional, Grasso, S., additional, Estévez, R., additional, Rubio, G., additional, and Alvarez, A.M., additional
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- 1997
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11. Paclitaxel (P) Taxol® plus epirubicln (E) as first-line therapy In patients (pts) with advanced breast cancer (ABC) a preliminary analysis
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Ventriglia, M., primary, Cazap, E., additional, Estevez, E., additional, and Rubio, G., additional
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- 1997
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12. International collaborations in cancer control and the Third International Cancer Control Congress
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Micheli, A., Sanz, N., Mwangi-Powell, F., Coleman, M. P., Neal, C., Ullrich, A., Luzia Travado, Santini, L. A., Grassi, L., Lorenzo, F., Costa, A., Dangou, J. -M, Bisanti, L., Costantini, A. S., Abu-Rmeileh, N., Kamal, M., Federico, M., Saracci, R., Rennert, G., Stefanini, A., Cavalli, F., Cazap, E., Redmond, K., O Reilly, S., Muti, P., Casali, P., Gatta, G., Ferrari, A., Koifman, S., Bah, E., Pastore, G., Barr, R., Lombardo, C., Frazzingaro, C., Ciampichini, R., Baili, P., Tumino, R., Stracca Pansa, V., Faravelli, A., Giovenali, P., Viberti, L., Zanino, T., Marelli, P., Gil, F., Greeff, L. E., Eldre, S., El Mistiri, M., El Sahli, N., El Mangush, M., Attia, A., Shembesh, R., El Arafi, H., El Faidi, A., Vilanova Marques, C. A., Rivero Gutiérrez, M. G., Niglio Figueiredo, E., Piccinini Feitosa, T. M., Braun, R., Tomasini, I., Khader, J., Fobair, P. A., Soygur, H., Akbiyik, D., Otter, R., Doré, J. F., Borras, J. M., Hernandez, J. E., Fitzpatrick, J., Guillemette, B., Hermann, N., Holohan, T., Lövely, J., Moss, T., Obrist, R., Salmon Kaur, J., Decourtney, C., Merriman, M., Mangone, L., Vicentini, M., Pellegri, C., Cilia, S., Orengo, Ma, Crosignani, P., Budroni, M., Aurora, F., Fattore, G., Sant, M., Di Salvo, F., Zigon, G., Trama, A., Franklin Vasquez, R., Bonilla, M. E., Favini, F., Antillon-Klussman, F. G., Castellanos, M., Valverde, P., Garrido, C., Loh, S. -Y, Yip, C. H., Passmore, A., Manicom, C., Sutcliffe, S. B., Sarwal, K., Torrance, H., Sutcliffe, C. G., Amati, C., and Casella, I.
13. Comprehensive cancer control-research & development: Knowing what we do and doing what we know
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Kerner, J. F., Cazap, E., Yach, D., Pierotti, M. A., Daidone, M. G., Blasio, P., Geary, P., Schacter, B., Sant, M., Habbema, J. D. F., Sankaranarayanan, R., Sutcliffe, C., Sutcliffe, S., Kaijage, J. K., Scanlan, P. A., Gibson, S., Mes-Masson, A. M., Sawyer, M., Shepherd, L., Watson, P., Zanke, B., Small, I. A., Olmedo, D. B., Breitenbach, M. D., Santini, L. A., Maltoni, L. A., Ramalho, D., Ferreira, C. G., Sharp, L., Cotton, S., Cruickshank, M., Smart, L., Harrild, K., Waugh, N., Little, J., Seth, R., Neal, K., Duncan, I., Ioka, A., Ito, Y., Sato, N., Tsukuma, H., Li, J., Zhang, B. N., Fan, J. H., Qiao, Y. L., Zhong, H. Y., Maria Paula Curado, Pontes, T. J. S., Peacock, S., Hoek, K., Hoch, J., Musa, Z., Weir, H. K., Friedman, C., German, R., Ceilleachair, A. O., Comber, H., Tilson, L., Walsh, C., Usher, C., Barry, M., Chilcott, J., Tappenden, P., Whyte, S., Staines, A., Greenberg, A., Fairclough, L., Roberts, W., Masterson Tavares Pereira Ferrera, D., Fonseca, E. R., Casado, L., Mcbride, M. L., Goddard, K., Lorenzi, M., Spinelli, J. J., Broemeling, A. M., Glickman, V., Pritchard, S., Siegel, L., Rogers, P. C., Sheps, S., Annunziata, M. A., Giovannini, L., Bianchet, K., Muzzatti, B., Berretta, M., Lleshi, A., Tirelli, U., Sisimayi, C. N., Sarwal, K., Torrance, H., Baili, P., Amati, C., Di Salvo, F., Frazzingaro, C., Sanz, N., and Micheli, A.
14. Comprehensive cancer control-research & development: Knowing what we do and doing what we know
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Kerner, J. F., Cazap, E., Yach, D., Pierotti, M. A., Daidone, M. G., Blasio, P., Geary, P., Schacter, B., Sant, M., Habbema, J. D. F., Sankaranarayanan, R., Sutcliffe, C., Sutcliffe, S., Kaijage, J. K., Scanlan, P. A., Gibson, S., Mes-Masson, A. M., Sawyer, M., Shepherd, L., Watson, P., Zanke, B., Small, I. A., Olmedo, D. B., Breitenbach, M. D., Santini, L. A., Maltoni, L. A., Ramalho, D., Ferreira, C. G., Sharp, L., Cruickshank, M., Smart, L., Harrild, K., Waugh, N., Little, J., Seth, R., Neal, K., Duncan, I., Ioka, A., Ito, Y., Sato, N., Tsukuma, H., Li, J., Zhang, B. N., Fan, J. H., Qiao, Y. L., Zhong, H. Y., Curado, M. P., Pontes, T. J. S., Peacock, S., Hoek, K., Hoch, J., Musa, Z., Weir, H. K., Friedman, C., German, R., Ceilleachair, A. O., Comber, H., Cotton, S., Tilson, L., Walsh, C., Usher, C., Barry, M., Chilcott, J., Tappenden, P., Whyte, S., Anthony Staines, Greenberg, A., Fairclough, L., Roberts, W., Masterson Tavares Pereira Ferrera, D., Fonseca, E. R., Casado, L., Mcbride, M. L., Goddard, K., Lorenzi, M., Spinelli, J. J., Broemeling, A. M., Glickman, V., Pritchard, S., Siegel, L., Rogers, P. C., Sheps, S., Annunziata, M. A., Giovannini, L., Bianchet, K., Muzzatti, B., Berretta, M., Lleshi, A., Tirelli, U., Sisimayi, C. N., Sarwal, K., Torrance, H., Baili, P., Amati, C., Di Salvo, F., Frazzingaro, C., Sanz, N., and Micheli, A.
15. Knowledge exchange--translating research into practice and policy
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Jon Kerner, Tajima K, Ch, Yip, Bhattacharyya O, Trapido E, Cazap E, Ullrich A, Fernandez M, Yl, Qiao, Kim P, Cho J, Sutcliffe C, Sutcliffe S, and Iccc-, Working Group
16. Paclitaxel (P) Taxol®plus epirubicln (E) as first-line therapy In patients (pts) with advanced breast cancer (ABC) a preliminary analysis
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Ventriglia, M., Cazap, E., Estevez, E., and Rubio, G.
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- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. TAXOL®(paclitaxel) 1-hour infusion plus doxorubicin as first line treatment for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients
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Mickiewicz, E., Di Noto, M., Bas, C., Ventnglia, M., Jovtis, S., Lewi, D., Rondinón, M., Temperley, G., Trigo, M., Bertoncin, A., Pascual, M.E., Uranga, G., Cazap, E., Breier, S., Grasso, S., Estévez, R., Rubio, G., and Alvarez, A.M.
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- 1997
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18. Global core competencies for clinical trials.
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Siegfried N, Steinhausen K, Ren J, Cazap E, Melien O, and Subgroup Education, Training, Infrastructure and Patient Involvement, OECD GSF Working Group
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- 2012
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19. Community-Led Action Research in Oncology: Pandemic-Appropriate Radiotherapy Innovations Evaluated (CLARO PARTE) for Latin America and the Caribbean Countries.
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Riano I, Alas-Pineda C, Reyes Garcia S, Murillo R, Gutiérrez-Delgado F, Cazap E, Pais Viegas CM, Torre M, Barahona KC, Sarria GJ, Del Castillo Bahi R, Luongo-Céspedes Á, Ovalles B, Umaña Herrera FV, Sánchez R, McVorran S, Williams B, Kascmar J, Kennedy LS, Lyons KD, Bejarano S, and Wong SL
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- Humans, Latin America, Caribbean Region epidemiology, Radiation Oncology, SARS-CoV-2, Pandemics prevention & control, Neoplasms radiotherapy, Community-Based Participatory Research, Medical Oncology, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to identify, evaluate, and rank suitable safety innovations developed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) radiation oncology centers., Methods: We conducted a multimodal participatory engagement collaboration with the Latin-American and Caribbean Society of Medical Oncology. The study consisted of four phases. Innovations were collected from a panel of radiotherapy experts representing a diverse group of 11 countries from LAC (Phase I). Next, a medical scientific team compared the innovations against international standards regarding their potential impact on risk of infection, clinical operation, and continuity of quality cancer care (Phase II). Their findings were supplied to the country representatives who rated the innovations for acceptability in their cancer centers (Phase III), resulting in a final report of the panel's recommendations (Phase IV)., Results: A total of 81 innovations were reported by the country representatives and merged by the medical scientific team into 24 innovations that combined similar innovations. The 24 innovations were grouped into six categories including practices aimed at (1) reducing clinic crowding (n = 3), (2) increasing screening and vaccinations for COVID-19 disease (n = 5), (3) implementing social distancing (n = 6), (4) strengthening personal infection equipment and disinfection (n = 6), (5) avoiding delaying or shortening treatment protocols (n = 2), and (6) mixed procedures (n = 2). The medical scientific team found nearly all innovations were supported by international recommendations and rated as safe, efficient, and acceptable., Conclusion: By using the lessons learned from the Community-Led Action Research in Oncology: Pandemic-Appropriate Radiotherapy Innovations Evaluated study, a manual of scalable practices in radiation oncology clinics may be developed to guide actions during future large-scale public health crises in low- and middle-income countries of LAC.
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- 2024
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20. Announcing the new Editor-in-Chief of e cancermedicalscience.
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Cazap E and de Celis ESP
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- 2024
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21. Choosing Wisely in oncology in Latin America: what SLACOM does not recommend in the care of cancer patients in Latin America: Ten essential recommendations to avoid harmful onclogy procedures in Latin America.
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Ismael J, Esandi E, Arroyo G, Becerra S, Bejarano S, Castro C, Enrique C, Gauna C, Gutiérrez-Delgado F, Deza EG, Kopitowsky K, Lewi D, Muller B, Murillo R, Pomata A, Puyol J, Quintanilla G, Rompato S, Santini L, Vidaurre T, Solano A, Campos D, and Cazap E
- Abstract
Choosing Wisely is an initiative by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) and ABIM Foundation to deter unnecessary medical treatments and procedures. Faced with the burden of modern technologies and treatments, it is crucial to identify practices lacking value in daily care. The Latin American and Caribbean Society (SLACOM), comprising cancer control experts, deems it vital to tailor this initiative for enhancing cancer care in the region. Through a modified DELPHI methodology involving two rounds of electronic questionnaires and a hybrid meeting to discuss key points of contention, ten essential recommendations were identified and prioritised to avoid harmful oncology procedures in our region. These consensus-based recommendations, contextualised for Latin America, have been compiled and shared to benefit patients. The Scientific Committee, consisting of prominent oncologists and health experts, collaborates remotely to drive this project forward., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (© the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience.)
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- 2024
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22. Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer 1st Edition: 17 cancer prevention recommendations to the public and to policy-makers (World Code Against Cancer Framework).
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Espina C, Feliu A, Maza M, Almonte M, Ferreccio C, Finck C, Herrero R, Dommarco JR, de Almeida LM, Arrossi S, García PJ, Garmendia ML, Mohar A, Murillo R, Santamaría J, Tortolero-Luna G, Cazap E, Gabriel OO, Paonessa D, Zoss JW, Luciani S, Carvalho A, and Schüz J
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- Humans, Latin America epidemiology, Caribbean Region epidemiology, Ethnicity, Policy, Neoplasms epidemiology, Neoplasms prevention & control
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Preventable risk factors are responsible of at least 40% of cases and almost 45% of all cancer deaths worldwide. Cancer is already the leading cause of death in almost half of the Latin American and the Caribbean countries constituting a public health problem. Cost-effective measures to reduce exposures through primary prevention and screening of certain types of cancers are critical in the fight against cancer but need to be tailored to the local needs and scenarios. The Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) Code Against Cancer, 1st edition, consists of 17 evidence-based recommendations for the general public, based on the most recent solid evidence on lifestyle, environmental, occupational, and infectious risk factors, and medical interventions. Each recommendation is accompanied by recommendations for policymakers to guide governments establishing the infrastructure needed to enable the public adopting the recommendations. The LAC Code Against Cancer has been developed in a collaborative effort by a large number of experts from the region, under the umbrella strategy and authoritative methodology of the World Code Against Cancer Framework. The Code is a structured instrument ideal for cancer prevention and control that aims to raise awareness and educate the public, while building capacity and competencies to policymakers, health professionals, stakeholders, to contribute to reduce the burden of cancer in LAC., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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23. Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer 1st Edition: A landmark for cancer prevention in the region.
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Schüz J, Espina C, Carvalho A, Maza M, Luciani S, Cazap E, Hennis A, and Weiderpass E
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- Humans, Latin America epidemiology, Caribbean Region epidemiology, Ethnicity, Neoplasms prevention & control
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors report no declarations of interest.
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- 2023
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24. The reality of cancer care for many.
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Sullivan R and Cazap E
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The global literature is heavy with technical documents on how we should deliver cancer care, as well as policy discourses and studies on cancer services and systems. But it is woefully short on the reality of lived experiences. "Adaptations to Deliver Chemotherapy in a District Hospital: Successes and Challenges" from Malawian colleagues based in the Kumuzu University of Health Sciences in the District Hospital of the same name shines a much needed light of realism on the lived experiences of cancer. Why is this letter so important? Because it is much more than a narrative about a district hospital in a low resource country struggling to deliver basic cancer care, it is about the intricate relationship and trade-offs between patients and cancer carers in all resource constrained settings. It bears witness to a reality that feels very far away from the shining bright lights of modern cancer care with all its attendant technological trappings and choices., Competing Interests: None., (© the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience.)
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- 2023
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25. Highlights of the 'I Congress ecancer Choosing Wisely' March 30 and 31, 2022 Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
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Limón R, Reynolds L, Rocha E, Richter L, Gianella M, de Guzman ON, Mejia G, Nina J, Rojas W, Avilés L, Maldonado I, Pacheco C, Martín C, Cervantes MG, Bakal F, and Cazap E
- Abstract
The ecancer 'Choosing Wisely' conference was held for the first time in Latin America in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The event had more than 150 registered attendees in addition to 22 speakers from different countries and different specialities in the field of oncology, who presented topics on prevention, oncological surgery, clinical oncology and palliative care, in order to demonstrate the current evidence of how to approach a patient in daily clinical practice based on the human resources, materials and drugs available, trying to offer the maximum benefit to the patient based on current scientific evidence. In addition to addressing issues of vital importance in breast cancer, during the 2 days of the event, updated information generated in recent years was presented, the results of which will change clinical practice. All the experts were in favour of developing strategies and methods that help us to properly select treatments to optimise resources and reduce the economic toxicity of the most modern and current treatments. This conference was an event of vital importance because it was the first face-to-face event for ecancer and the physicians after difficult years due to COVID-19., Competing Interests: The author is not aware of any affiliations, memberships, funding or financial holdings that might be perceived as affecting the objectivity of this review., (© the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience.)
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- 2022
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26. Supporting more affordable and equitable cancer care and research in Lower and Middle Income Countries: e cancer's commitment.
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Sullivan R, Cazap E, and Burke D
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Oncology professionals in Lower and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) are facing a challenging situation with rising cancer cases together with a lack of educational support and access to relevant research. This article outlines what e cancer are doing as an organisation to try to address these issues by providing high quality education in multiple formats for free and supporting authors and readers from LMICs to access and publish research., Competing Interests: Danny Burke is the CEO of ecancer and has worked for the charity since its formation in 2017. Prof Richard Sullivan is the Chair of Trustees for the ecancer Global Foundation. Dr Eduardo Cazap is the Editor-in-Chief of ecancer’s journal (ecancermedicalscience)., (© the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience.)
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- 2021
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27. Perspectives on emerging technologies, personalised medicine, and clinical research for cancer control in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Werutsky G, Barrios CH, Cardona AF, Albergaria A, Valencia A, Ferreira CG, Rolfo C, de Azambuja E, Rabinovich GA, Sposetti G, Arrieta O, Dienstmann R, Rebelatto TF, Denninghoff V, Aran V, and Cazap E
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- Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Biomedical Research statistics & numerical data, Caribbean Region epidemiology, Digital Technology, Electronic Health Records, Humans, Latin America epidemiology, Neoplasms epidemiology, Precision Medicine statistics & numerical data, Biomedical Research trends, Neoplasms prevention & control, Precision Medicine trends
- Abstract
Challenges of health systems in Latin America and the Caribbean include accessibility, inequity, segmentation, and poverty. These challenges are similar in different countries of the region and transcend national borders. The increasing digital transformation of health care holds promise of more precise interventions, improved health outcomes, increased efficiency, and ultimately reduced health-care costs. In Latin America and the Caribbean, the adoption of digital health tools is in early stages and the quality of cancer registries, electronic health records, and structured databases are problematic. Cancer research and innovation in the region are limited due to inadequate academic resources and translational research is almost fully dependent on public funding. Regulatory complexity and extended timelines jeopardise the potential improvement in participation in international studies. Emerging technologies, artificial intelligence, big data, and cancer research represent an opportunity to address the health-care challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean collectively, by optimising national capacities, sharing and comparing best practices, and transferring scientific and technical capabilities., Competing Interests: Declaration of Interests CHB reports institutional research grant from Pfizer, Pharma Mar, Polyphor, Henlius Biotech, Merck KGaA, Millennium, LEO Pharma, ImClone Systems, Exelixis, Medivation, Asana Biosciences, AB Science, Abraxis Biosciences, Daiichi Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb, BioMarin, Astellas Pharma, AbbVie, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Merrimack, Mylan, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Roche/Genentech, Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, AstraZeneca, and Amgen; advisory board consulting from Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, Lilly, Zodiac, AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bayer, Eisai, Roche/Genentech, Pfizer, Novartis, and GlaxoSmithKline; and stocks from MedSIR, Biomarker, and Tummi, outside the submitted work; he declares no relevant conflicts of interests related to this Series paper. AFC declares financial research support from Merck Sharp & Dohme, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, and The Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research (FICMAC); he received honoraria as advisor, participated in speakers’ bureau, and gave expert testimony to Merck Sharp & Dohme, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Novartis, Celldex Therapeutics, Foundation Medicine, Eli Lilly, and FICMAC. CR reports grants or contracts from Pfizer–Lung Cancer Research Foundation (for the EMPOWER ME trial); consulting fees (for advisory board) from ArcherDX, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Boston Pharmaceuticals; payment or honoraria for educational events from AstraZeneca, Roche, and Merck Sharp & Dohme; participation on a safety monitoring board from MD Serono; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid from the International Society of Liquid Biopsy (Vice President), the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (Deputy Chair of the Educational Committee), European School of Oncology (Scientific Board Member), the European Society for Medical Oncology (Faculty of Advanced Lung Cancer), and research support (unpaid) from Guardant Health. EdA reports research support and grants from Roche; and grants from Libbs, Pierre Fabre, Zodiacs, Seattle Genetics, Novartis, Roche, Servier, AstraZeneca, and GlaxoSmithKline, outside the submitted work. OA reports personal fees from Pfizer, Lilly, Merck, and Bristol Myers Squibb; and grants and personal fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Roche, outside the submitted work. RD declares advisory role for Roche and Boehringer Ingelheim; speaker's fees from Roche, Ipsen, Amgen, Servier, Sanofi, Libbs, and Merck Sharp & Dohme; and research grants from Merck and Pierre Fabre, outside the submitted work. EC reports honoraria for lectures and consulting or advisory role from Merck outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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28. Cancer control in Latin America and the Caribbean: recent advances and opportunities to move forward.
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Barrios CH, Werutsky G, Mohar A, Ferrigno AS, Müller BG, Bychkovsky BL, Castro E CJ, Uribe CJ, Villarreal-Garza C, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E, Gutiérrez-Delgado F, Kim JS, Ismael J, Delgado L, Santini LA, Teich N, Chavez PC, Liedke PER, Exman P, Barroso-Sousa R, Stefani SD, Cáceres SAB, Rebelatto TF, Pastrana T, Chavarri-Guerra Y, Vargas Y, and Cazap E
- Subjects
- Caribbean Region epidemiology, Cost of Illness, Delivery of Health Care economics, Early Detection of Cancer, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Latin America epidemiology, Medical Oncology education, Neoplasms epidemiology, COVID-19 epidemiology, Neoplasms prevention & control, SARS-CoV-2
- Abstract
The increasing burden of cancer represents a substantial problem for Latin America and the Caribbean. Two Lancet Oncology Commissions in 2013 and 2015 highlighted potential interventions that could advance cancer care in the region by overcoming existing challenges. Areas requiring improvement included insufficient investment in cancer control, non-universal health coverage, fragmented health systems, inequitable concentration of cancer services, inadequate registries, delays in diagnosis or treatment initiation, and insufficient palliative services. Progress has been made in key areas but remains uneven across the region. An unforeseen challenge, the COVID-19 pandemic, strained all resources, and its negative effect on cancer control is expected to continue for years. In this Series paper, we summarise progress in several aspects of cancer control since 2015, and identify persistent barriers requiring commitment of additional resources to reduce the cancer burden in Latin America and the Caribbean., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests CHB reports institutional research grants from Pfizer, Pharma Mar, Polyphor, Henlius Biotech, Merck KGaA, Millennium, LEO Pharma, ImClone Systems, Exelixis, Medivation, Asana Biosciences, AB Science, Abraxis Biosciences, Daiichi Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb, BioMarin, Astellas Pharma, AbbVie, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Merrimack, Mylan, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Roche/Genentech, Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, AstraZeneca, and Amgen; advisory board consulting from Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, Lilly, Zodiac, AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bayer, Eisai, Roche/Genentech, Pfizer, Novartis, and GlaxoSmithKline; and stocks from MedSIR, Biomarker, and Tummi, outside the submitted work; and declares that these conflicts of interest did not affect this paper. CJCE received honoraria from Merck Sharp & Dohme outside the submitted work. CV-G reports grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from Roche; personal fees from Novartis and Myriad Genetics; personal fees and non-financial support from Pfizer and Merck Sharp & Dohme Oncology; grants and personal fees from Eli Lilly and AstraZeneca, outside the submitted work. FG-D declares travel and accommodation expenses from Pfizer, Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, and Exelixis outside the submitted work. JSK reports part-time employment to contribute to the research and writing of this publication from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and full-time employment as a scientific research associate from Dewpoint Therapeutics. PERL declares grants or contracts from Merck Sharp & Dohme, AstraZeneca, Merck Serono, Halozyme, Roche, Acerta Pharma, Novartis, Regeneron, Myovant Sciences, PharmaMar, Pfizer, PRA Health Sciences, Quintiles, Parexel, Bristol Myers Squibb, Medivation, Janssen, Eurofarma, Pharmaceutical Product Development, Covance, ICON Clinical Research, and Intrials; payment for expert testimony from AstraZeneca; and support for attending meetings or travel (or both) from Roche, Zodiac, and Novartis. PE reports personal fees from Eli Lilly, Novartis, and Libbs, outside the submitted work. RB-S has served as an advisor or a consultant to Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp and Dohme, and Roche; and has received honoraria from Bard Access, Bristol Myers Squib, Libbs, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Zodiac; and travel and accommodation expenses from Roche and Daiichi Sankyo. TP contributed as part of her role as postdoctoral research associate at the Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. YC-G reports travel grant from Pfizer and research grant from Roche. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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29. Social Distancing and Economic Crisis During COVID-19 Pandemic Reduced Cancer Control in Latin America and Will Result in Increased Late-Stage Diagnoses and Expense.
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Vázquez Rosas T, Cazap E, Delgado L, Ismael J, Bejarano S, Castro C, Castro H, Müller B, Gutiérrez-Delgado F, Santini LA, and Vallejos Sologuren C
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- COVID-19 economics, Female, Humans, Latin America epidemiology, Pandemics prevention & control, COVID-19 prevention & control, Economic Recession, Medical Oncology trends, Neoplasms therapy, Physical Distancing
- Abstract
Since December 2019, the world has been mired in an infectious pandemic that has displaced other health priorities for 21st century populations. Concerned about this situation, Latin American experts on cancer decided to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on cancer control in the region. The analysis was based on information obtained from public sources and scientific publications and included the characteristics of the health care and cancer control prior to the pandemic, the COVID-19 pandemic and measures implemented by the governments of the region, and the regional impact of the pandemic on cancer control together with the costs of cancer care and possible impact of the pandemic on cancer expense. We compared 2019 and 2020 data corresponding to the period March 16-June 30 and found a significant reduction in the number of first-time visits to oncology services (variable depending on the country between -28% and -38%) and a corresponding reduction in pathology (between -6% and -50%), cancer surgery (between -28% and -70%), and chemotherapy (between -2% and -54%). Furthermore, a significant reduction in cancer screening tests was found (PAP smear test studies: between -46% and -100%, mammography: between -32% and -100%, and fecal occult blood test: -73%). If this situation becomes a trend, the health and economic impact will be compounded in the postpandemic period, with an overload of demand on health services to ensure diagnostic tests and consequent treatments. On the basis of this information, a set of prevention and mitigation measures to be immediately implemented and also actions to progressively strengthen health systems are proposed., Competing Interests: Eduardo CazapResearch Funding: Novartis Suyapa BejaranoResearch Funding: MSD Oncology, KinexTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Pfizer, Asofarma Hugo CastroSpeakers' Bureau: Roche, PfizerResearch Funding: MerckTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Roche Francisco Gutierrez-DelgadoTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, AstraZeneca, ExelixisNo other potential conflicts of interest were reported.
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- 2021
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30. In memory of Professor Gordon McVie 1945-2021.
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Cazap E
- Abstract
The international oncology community is in mourning. Professor Gordon McVie, the co-founder and former Editor in Chief of ecancer, passed away on 20th January 2021. His scientific achievements were broad and demonstrated a curious mind and a tireless commitment to science and cancer care. His achievements in the world of cancer are only surpassed by his kindness, enthusiasm and his love for family and friends., (© the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience.)
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- 2021
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31. New journal authorship criteria: how e cancermedicalscience is supporting authors and readers from underserved settings.
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Cazap E, Sullivan R, and Foxall K
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In order to reduce the increasing cancer burden in Lower and Middle Income Countries (LMICs), oncology journals must support authors from underserved settings to become fully involved in the global publication system, without facing barriers to publishing their research such as geographical bias and lack of funding. ecancermedicalscience's goal has always been to publish high-quality research which contributes towards narrowing the gap between those who have access to adequate cancer prevention, treatment and care and those who do not. The time is now right for the journal to take new steps in proactively supporting authors from LMICs and the global partnerships that are vital to increasing the availability of resource-appropriate data. With this in mind, ecancermedicalscience will only be accepting submissions which feature at least one author from an LMIC, or which have a significant impact on under-resourced settings., Competing Interests: KF is employed by ecancer, UK charity no. 1176307. There are no other conflicts of interest to declare., (© the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience.)
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- 2020
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32. Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer: Developing Evidence-Based Recommendations to Reduce the Risk of Cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Cazap E, de Almeida LM, Arrossi S, García PJ, Garmendia ML, Gil E, Hassel T, Mayorga R, Mohar A, Murillo R, Owen GO, Paonessa D, Santamaría J, Tortolero-Luna G, Zoss W, Herrero R, Luciani S, Schüz J, and Espina C
- Subjects
- Caribbean Region epidemiology, Developing Countries, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Humans, Incidence, International Agencies, Latin America epidemiology, Neoplasms epidemiology, Neoplasms ethnology, Evidence-Based Medicine standards, Health Communication standards, Healthcare Disparities statistics & numerical data, Neoplasms prevention & control
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- 2019
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33. e cancer-towards effective global cancer control through innovation, collaboration and dissemination.
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Cazap E
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- 2019
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34. Global Acceptance of Biosimilars: Importance of Regulatory Consistency, Education, and Trust.
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Cazap E, Jacobs I, McBride A, Popovian R, and Sikora K
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- Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals pharmacology, Humans, Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals therapeutic use, Education organization & administration
- Abstract
Globally, biosimilars are expected to have a key role in improving patient access to biological therapies and addressing concerns regarding the escalating cost of health care. Indeed, in Europe, increased use of biologics and reduced drug prices have been observed after the introduction of biosimilars. Recently, several monoclonal antibody biosimilars of anticancer therapies have been approved, and numerous others are in various stages of clinical development. Biosimilars are authorized via a regulatory pathway separate from that used for generic drugs; they are also regulated separately from novel biologics. Biosimilar approval pathways in many major regulatory regions worldwide are, to a broad degree, scientifically aligned. However, owing to regional differences in health care priorities, policies, and resources, some important regulatory inconsistencies are evident. Acceptance of biosimilars by health care systems, health care professionals, and patients will be a key factor in the uptake of these therapies, and such regulatory variations could contribute to confusion and diminished confidence regarding the quality, efficacy, and reliability of these agents. Furthermore, the need for manufacturers to account for regulatory inconsistencies introduces inefficiencies and delays into biosimilar development programs. These issues should be addressed if biosimilars are to attain their maximal global potential. This review summarizes the evolution of the global biosimilar landscape and provides examples of inconsistencies between regulatory requirements in different regions. In addition, we review ongoing efforts to improve regulatory alignment and highlight the importance of education as a crucial factor in generating trust in, and acceptance of, biosimilars on a worldwide scale., Implications for Practice: Biosimilars of monoclonal antibody anticancer therapies are beginning to emerge, and more are likely to become available for clinical use in the near future. The extent to which biosimilars can contribute to cancer care will depend on their level of acceptance by health care systems, health care professionals, and patients. A better understanding of the regulatory basis for the approval of biosimilars may enhance confidence and trust in these agents. In order to have informed discussions about treatment choices with their patients, oncologists should familiarize themselves with the biosimilar paradigm., Competing Interests: Disclosures of potential conflicts of interest may be found at the end of this article., (© AlphaMed Press 2018.)
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- 2018
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35. Breast Cancer in Latin America: A Map of the Disease in the Region.
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Cazap E
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis, Breast Neoplasms therapy, Cost of Illness, Disease Management, Female, Geography, Medical, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Latin America epidemiology, Mass Screening, Palliative Care, Population Surveillance, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
In the next few decades, breast cancer will become a leading global public health problem as it increases disproportionately in low- and middle-income countries. Disparities are clear when comparisons are made with rates in Europe and the United States, but they also exist between the countries of the region or even within the same country in Latin America. Large cities or urban areas have better access and resource availability than small towns or remote zones. This article presents the status of the disease across 12 years with data obtained through three studies performed in 2006, 2010, and 2013 and based on surveys, reviews of literature, patient organizations, and public databases. The first study provided a general picture of breast cancer control in the region (Latin America); the second compared expert perceptions with medical care standards; and the third was a review of literature and public databases together with surveys of breast cancer experts and patient organizations. We conclude that breast cancer is the most frequent cancer and kills more women than any other cancer; we also suggest that aging is the principal risk factor, which will drive the incidence to epidemic levels as a result of demographic transition in Latin America. The economic burden also is large and can be clearly observed: in countries that today allocate insufficient resources, women go undiagnosed or uncared for or receive treatment with suboptimal therapies, all of which results in high morbidity and the associated societal costs. The vast inequities in access to health care in countries translates into unequal results in outcomes. National cancer control plans are the fundamental building block to an organized governance, financing, and delivery of health care for breast cancer.
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- 2018
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36. Vision for the Global Health and Cancer Section.
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Cazap E and Anderson BO
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- Humans, Global Health trends, Medical Oncology trends, Neoplasms therapy
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- 2016
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37. The American Society of Clinical Oncology's Efforts to Support Global Cancer Medicine.
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Hortobagyi GN, El-Saghir NS, Cufer T, Cazap E, de Guzman R, Othieno-Abinya NA, Sanchez JA, and Pyle D
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- Humans, United States, Global Health, Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Despite much progress in the management of malignant diseases, the number of new cases and cancer-related deaths continues to rise around the world. More than half of new cases occur in economically developing countries, where more than two thirds of cancer deaths are expected. However, implementation of all necessary steps to accomplish the dissemination of state-of-the-art prevention, diagnosis, and management will require increased allocation of resources, and, more importantly, harmonization of the efforts of hundreds of national and international public health agencies, policy-setting bodies, governments, pharmaceutical companies, and philanthropic organizations. More than 30% of the members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) reside and practice outside US borders, and more than half of attendees at all of the scientific congresses and symposia organized by ASCO are international. As cancer has become an increasingly global disease, ASCO has evolved as a global organization. The ASCO Board of Directors currently includes members from France, Brazil, and Canada. In 2013, the ASCO Board of Directors identified a number of strategic priorities for the future. Recognizing the importance of non-US members to the society, their first strategic priority was improving the society's service to non-US members and defining these members' identity in the international oncology community. This article reviews current ASCO activities in the international arena and its future plans in global oncology., (© 2015 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.)
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- 2016
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38. Structural Barriers to Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: The Urgent Need for Scaling Up.
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Cazap E, Magrath I, Kingham TP, and Elzawawy A
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- Humans, Socioeconomic Factors, Neoplasms diagnosis, Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases are now recognized by the United Nations and WHO as a major public health crisis. Cancer is a main part of this problem, and health care systems are facing a great challenge to improve cancer care, control costs, and increase systems efficiency. The disparity in access to care and outcomes between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries is staggering. The reasons for this disparity include cost, access to care, manpower and training deficits, and a lack of awareness in the lay and medical communities. Diagnosis and treatment play an important role in this complex environment. In different regions and countries of the world, a variety of health care systems are in place, but most of them are fragmented or poorly coordinated. The need to scale up cancer care in the low- and middle-income countries is urgent, and this article reviews many of the structural mechanisms of the problem, describes the current situation, and proposes ways for improvement. The organization of cancer services is also included in the analysis., (© 2015 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.)
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- 2016
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39. Toward a Latin American Cancer Observatory.
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Cazap E, Magalhães Costa M, Meneses García A, Murillo Moreno R, Ruiz de Castilla Yabare EM, Sitic Vargas P, and Zervino I
- Abstract
Competing Interests: The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this manuscript. All relationships are considered compensated. Relationships are self-held unless noted. I = Immediate Family Member, Inst = My Institution. Relationships may not relate to the subject matter of this manuscript. For more information about ASCO's conflict of interest policy, please refer to www.asco.org/rwc or jco.ascopubs.org/site/ifc. Eduardo CazapHonoraria: Bayer Healthcare, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Fresenius Kabi, Roche Consulting or Advisory Role: Bayer Healthcare Speakers' Bureau: Bayer Healthcare Research Funding: Daiichi Sankyo (Inst)Mauricio Magalhães CostaNo relationship to discloseAbelardo Meneses GarcíaNo relationship to discloseRaúl Murillo MorenoNo relationship to discloseEva M. Ruiz de Castilla YabarEmployment: Alexion Pharmaceuticals (I) Stock or Other Ownership: Alexion Pharmaceuticals (I) Honoraria: Novartis Consulting or Advisory Role: Novartis, Pfizer Speakers' Bureau: Novartis Expert Testimony: Merck Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Pfizer, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Bayer, AbbViePablo Sitic VargasTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Bayer Schering PharmaIgnacio ZervinoNo relationship to disclose
- Published
- 2015
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40. Progress and remaining challenges for cancer control in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Strasser-Weippl K, Chavarri-Guerra Y, Villarreal-Garza C, Bychkovsky BL, Debiasi M, Liedke PE, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E, Dizon D, Cazap E, de Lima Lopes G Jr, Touya D, Nunes JS, St Louis J, Vail C, Bukowski A, Ramos-Elias P, Unger-Saldaña K, Brandao DF, Ferreyra ME, Luciani S, Nogueira-Rodrigues A, de Carvalho Calabrich AF, Del Carmen MG, Rauh-Hain JA, Schmeler K, Sala R, and Goss PE
- Subjects
- Caribbean Region, Developed Countries economics, Humans, Latin America, Neoplasms economics, Neoplasms prevention & control, Delivery of Health Care, Insurance, Health economics, Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and an increasing threat in low-income and middle-income countries. Our findings in the 2013 Commission in The Lancet Oncology showed several discrepancies between the cancer landscape in Latin America and more developed countries. We reported that funding for health care was a small percentage of national gross domestic product and the percentage of health-care funds diverted to cancer care was even lower. Funds, insurance coverage, doctors, health-care workers, resources, and equipment were also very inequitably distributed between and within countries. We reported that a scarcity of cancer registries hampered the design of credible cancer plans, including initiatives for primary prevention. When we were commissioned by The Lancet Oncology to write an update to our report, we were sceptical that we would uncover much change. To our surprise and gratification much progress has been made in this short time. We are pleased to highlight structural reforms in health-care systems, new programmes for disenfranchised populations, expansion of cancer registries and cancer plans, and implementation of policies to improve primary cancer prevention., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2015
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41. Roundtable discussion at the UICC World Cancer Congress: looking toward the realization of universal health coverage for cancer in Asia.
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Akaza H, Kawahara N, Nozaki S, Sonoda S, Fukuda T, Cazap E, Trimble EL, Roh JK, and Hao X
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- Asia, Global Health, Humans, Delivery of Health Care economics, Insurance, Health, Neoplasms economics, Universal Health Insurance
- Abstract
The Japan National Committee for the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and UICC-Asia Regional Office (ARO) organized a Roundtable Discussion as part of the official program of the UICC World Cancer Congress 2014 in Melbourne, Australia. The theme for the Roundtable Discussion was - Looking Toward the Realization of Universal Health Care (UHC) for Cancer in Asia - and it was held on December 5, 2014. The meeting was held based on the recognition that although each country may take a different path towards the realization of UHC, one point that is common to all is that cancer is projected to be the most difficult disease to address under the goals of UHC and that there is, therefore, an urgent and pressing need to come to a common understanding and awareness with regard to UHC concepts that are a priority component of a post-MDG development agenda. The presenters and participants addressed the issue of UHC for cancer in Asia from their various perspectives in academia and international organizations. Discussions covered the challenges to UHC in Asia, collaborative approaches by international organizations, the need for uniform and relevant data, ways to create an Asia Cancer Barometer that could be applied to all countries in Asia. The session concluded with the recognition that research on UHC in Asia should continue to be used as a tool for cancer cooperation in Asia and that the achievement of UHC would require research and input not only from the medical community, but from a broad sector of society in a multidisciplinary approach. Discussions on this issue will continue towards the Asia-Pacific Cancer Conference in Indonesia in August 2015.
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- 2015
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42. Changing the paradigm in the cancer war: a strategy for the healthy and proper care of the sick.
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Cazap E
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- 2013
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43. Planning cancer control in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Goss PE, Lee BL, Badovinac-Crnjevic T, Strasser-Weippl K, Chavarri-Guerra Y, St Louis J, Villarreal-Garza C, Unger-Saldaña K, Ferreyra M, Debiasi M, Liedke PE, Touya D, Werutsky G, Higgins M, Fan L, Vasconcelos C, Cazap E, Vallejos C, Mohar A, Knaul F, Arreola H, Batura R, Luciani S, Sullivan R, Finkelstein D, Simon S, Barrios C, Kightlinger R, Gelrud A, Bychkovsky V, Lopes G, Stefani S, Blaya M, Souza FH, Santos FS, Kaemmerer A, de Azambuja E, Zorilla AF, Murillo R, Jeronimo J, Tsu V, Carvalho A, Gil CF, Sternberg C, Dueñas-Gonzalez A, Sgroi D, Cuello M, Fresco R, Reis RM, Masera G, Gabús R, Ribeiro R, Knust R, Ismael G, Rosenblatt E, Roth B, Villa L, Solares AL, Leon MX, Torres-Vigil I, Covarrubias-Gomez A, Hernández A, Bertolino M, Schwartsmann G, Santillana S, Esteva F, Fein L, Mano M, Gomez H, Hurlbert M, Durstine A, and Azenha G
- Subjects
- Health Care Reform, Humans, Latin America epidemiology, Models, Organizational, Neoplasms epidemiology, Neoplasms mortality, Quality Improvement, West Indies epidemiology, Health Planning, National Health Programs organization & administration, Neoplasms prevention & control
- Abstract
Non-communicable diseases, including cancer, are overtaking infectious disease as the leading health-care threat in middle-income and low-income countries. Latin American and Caribbean countries are struggling to respond to increasing morbidity and death from advanced disease. Health ministries and health-care systems in these countries face many challenges caring for patients with advanced cancer: inadequate funding; inequitable distribution of resources and services; inadequate numbers, training, and distribution of health-care personnel and equipment; lack of adequate care for many populations based on socioeconomic, geographic, ethnic, and other factors; and current systems geared toward the needs of wealthy, urban minorities at a cost to the entire population. This burgeoning cancer problem threatens to cause widespread suffering and economic peril to the countries of Latin America. Prompt and deliberate actions must be taken to avoid this scenario. Increasing efforts towards prevention of cancer and avoidance of advanced, stage IV disease will reduce suffering and mortality and will make overall cancer care more affordable. We hope the findings of our Commission and our recommendations will inspire Latin American stakeholders to redouble their efforts to address this increasing cancer burden and to prevent it from worsening and threatening their societies., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2013
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44. Breast cancer in young women in Latin America: an unmet, growing burden.
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Villarreal-Garza C, Aguila C, Magallanes-Hoyos MC, Mohar A, Bargalló E, Meneses A, Cazap E, Gomez H, López-Carrillo L, Chávarri-Guerra Y, Murillo R, and Barrios C
- Subjects
- Breast Neoplasms mortality, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Latin America epidemiology, Survival Analysis, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of malignancy-related deaths among women aged ≤ 45 years. There are unexplored and uncertain issues for BC in this particular group in Latin America. The aim of this study is to evaluate BC incidence and mortality among young women and related clinicopathological and survivorship aspects in this region., Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from Globocan 2008 and the International Agency for Research on Cancer's Cancer Incidence in Five Continents series plus databases. We requested collaboration from the 12 different national cancer institutes in Latin America through SLACOM, the Latin American and Caribbean Society of Medical Oncology, and conducted a systematic literature review to obtain local data regarding the prevalence of BC among young women and their characteristics, outcomes, and survivorship-related issues., Results: BC incidence and mortality proportions for Latin American women aged <44 years were higher when compared with those of developed countries (20% vs. 12% and 14% vs. 7%, respectively). We found only a few Latin American series addressing this topic, and prevalence varied between 8% and 14%. Stage II and III disease, high histological grade, and triple-negative and HER2 BC were features frequently observed among young Latin American BC patients., Conclusion: The rising incidence and mortality of BC in young Latin American women is a call to action in the region. It is necessary to monitor the epidemiological and clinical data through reliable cancer registries and to consider the implementation of protocols for education of patients and health professionals. This unmet, growing burden must be considered as a top priority of the national programs in the fight against BC, and models of specialized units should be implemented for this particular group of patients to provide better care for this emergent challenge.
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- 2013
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45. A review of breast cancer care and outcomes in Latin America.
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Justo N, Wilking N, Jönsson B, Luciani S, and Cazap E
- Subjects
- Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology, Female, Humans, Latin America epidemiology, Socioeconomic Factors, Treatment Outcome, Breast Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
This review presents an overview of breast cancer care, burden, and outcomes in Latin America, as well as the challenges and opportunities for improvement. Information was gleaned through a review of the literature, public databases, and conference presentations, in addition to a survey of clinical experts and patient organizations from the region. Breast cancer annual incidence (114,900 cases) and mortality (37,000 deaths) are the highest of all women's cancers in Latin America, and they are increasing. Twice as many breast cancer deaths are expected by 2030. In Peru, Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil, diagnosis and death at younger ages deprives society of numerous productive years, as does high disease occurrence in Argentina and Uruguay. Approximately 30%-40% of diagnoses are metastatic disease. High mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) in Latin America indicate poor survival, partly because of the late stage at diagnosis and poorer access to treatment. Between 2002 and 2008, MIRs decreased in all countries, albeit unevenly. Costa Rica's change in MIR outpaced incidence growth, indicating impressive progress in breast cancer survival. The situation is similar, although to a lesser extent, in Colombia and Ecuador. The marginal drops of MIRs in Brazil and Mexico mainly reflect incidence growth rather than progress in outcomes. Panama's MIR is still high. Epidemiological data are scattered and of varying quality in Latin America. However, one could ascertain that the burden of breast cancer in the region is considerable and growing due to demographic changes, particularly the aging population, and socioeconomic development. Early diagnosis and population-wide access to evidence-based treatment remain unresolved problems, despite progress achieved by some countries.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Knowledge exchange--translating research into practice and policy.
- Author
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Kerner J, Tajima K, Yip CH, Bhattacharyya O, Trapido E, Cazap E, Ullrich A, Fernandez M, Qiao YL, Kim P, Cho J, Sutcliffe C, and Sutcliffe S
- Subjects
- Global Health, Humans, Neoplasms prevention & control, Evidence-Based Medicine organization & administration, Health Policy, Knowledge Management, Translational Research, Biomedical
- Abstract
Substantial differences in population-based cancer control outcomes exist within and between nations. Optimal outcomes derive from 'what we know', 'what we apply in practice', and 'how complete and compliant is the population uptake of public health and clinical practice change'. This continuum of research (scientific discovery) to practice (application and uptake) to policy impacts the speed and completeness of practice change and is greatly influenced by the ability, opportunity and readiness of countries to implement evidence informed practices and policies through innovative change. Session 4 of the 4th International Cancer Control Congress focused on knowledge exchange through three plenary presentations and five interactive workshop discussions: 1) the role of epidemiological data as a basis for policy formulation; 2) existing global frameworks for cancer control; 3) knowledge exchange as it relates to public health practice and policy; 4) knowledge exchange in relation to primary, community, and specialist cancer care; and 5) the role of public engagement and advocacy in influencing cancer control policy. Common themes emerging from workshop discussions included the recognition of the importance of knowledge exchange processes, constituents and forums as key aspects of preparedness, awareness and readiness to implement public health and clinical practice change. The importance of cultural and contextual differences between nations was identified as a challenge requiring development of tools for generating relevant population/societal data (e.g., projection methodologies applied to population demographics, outcomes and resources, both societal, human and fiscal) and capacity building for facilitating knowledge transfer and exchange between the constituencies engaged in population-based public health practice and clinically based primary care and disease specialty practice exchange (researchers, health practitioners, health administrators, politicians, patients and families, and the private and public sectors). Understanding patient and public engagement advocacy and its role in influencing health and public policy investment priorities emerged as a critical and fundamental aspect of successful implementation of evidence-informed cancer control change.
- Published
- 2012
47. Coordinating care and treatment for cancer patients.
- Author
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Yip CH, Samiei M, Cazap E, Rosenblatt E, Datta NR, Camacho R, Weller D, Pannarunothai S, Goh C, Black F, Kaur R, Fitch M, Sutcliffe C, and Sutcliffe S
- Subjects
- Developing Countries, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Continuity of Patient Care organization & administration, Delivery of Health Care organization & administration, Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Survival following a diagnosis of cancer is contingent upon an interplay of factors, some non-modifiable (e.g., age, sex, genetics) and some modifiable (e.g., volitional choices) but the majority determined by circumstance (personal, social, health system context and capacity, and health policy). Accordingly, mortality and survival rates vary considerably as a function of geography, opportunity, wealth and development. Quality of life is impacted similarly, such that aspects of care related to coordination and integration of care across primary, community and specialist environments; symptom control, palliative and end-of-life care for those who will die of cancer; and survivorship challenges for those who will survive cancer, differs greatly across low, middle and high-income resource settings. Session 3 of the 4th International Cancer Control Congress (ICCC-4) focused on cancer care and treatment through three plenary presentations and five interactive workshop discussions: 1) establishing, implementing, operating and sustaining the capacity for quality cancer care; 2) the role of primary, community, and specialist care in cancer care and treatment; 3) the economics of affordable and sustainable cancer care; 4) issues around symptom control, support, and palliative/end-of-life care; and 5) issues around survivorship. A number of recommendations were proposed relating to capacity-building (standards and guidelines, protocols, new technologies and training and deployment) for safe, appropriate evidence-informed care; mapping and analysis of variations in primary, community and specialist care across countries with identification of models for effective, integrated clinical practice; the importance of considering the introduction, or expansion, of evidence-supported clinical practices from the perspectives of health economic impact, the value for health resources expended, and sustainability; capacity-building for palliative, end-of-life care and symptom control and integration of these services into national cancer control plans; the need for public education to reduce the fear and stigma associated with cancer so that patients are better able to make informed decisions regarding follow-up care and treatment; and the need to recognize the challenges and needs of survivors, their increasing number, the necessity to integrate survivorship into cancer control plans and the economic and societal value of functional survival after cancer. Discussions highlighted that coordinated care and treatment for cancer patients is both a ' systems'challenge and solution, requiring the consideration of patient and family circumstances, societal values and priorities, the functioning of the health system (access, capacity, resources, etc.) and the importance assigned to health and illness management within public policy.
- Published
- 2012
48. The World Cancer Declaration: from resolution to action.
- Author
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Adams C, Torode J, Henshall S, Cazap E, Ryel AL, and Grey N
- Subjects
- Humans, International Cooperation, Global Health, Neoplasms diagnosis, Neoplasms epidemiology, Neoplasms prevention & control, United Nations
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Implementation science and breast cancer control: a Breast Health Global Initiative (BHGI) perspective from the 2010 Global Summit.
- Author
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Cazap E, Distelhorst SR, and Anderson BO
- Subjects
- Consensus Development Conferences as Topic, Developing Countries, Female, Humans, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology, Breast Neoplasms prevention & control, Breast Neoplasms therapy, Global Health, Health Plan Implementation
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Breast cancer management in middle-resource countries (MRCs): consensus statement from the Breast Health Global Initiative.
- Author
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Yip CH, Cazap E, Anderson BO, Bright KL, Caleffi M, Cardoso F, Elzawawy AM, Harford JB, Krygier GD, Masood S, Murillo R, Muse IM, Otero IV, Passman LJ, Santini LA, da Silva RC, Thomas DB, Torres S, Zheng Y, and Khaled HM
- Subjects
- Breast Neoplasms epidemiology, Early Detection of Cancer, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Insurance, Health, Interdisciplinary Communication, Patient Education as Topic, Quality Assurance, Health Care, Survivors, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis, Breast Neoplasms therapy, Developing Countries
- Abstract
In middle resource countries (MRCs), cancer control programs are becoming a priority as the pattern of disease shifts from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases such as breast cancer, the most common cancer among women in MRCs. The Middle Resource Scenarios Working Group of the BHGI 2010 Global Summit met to identify common issues and obstacles to breast cancer detection, diagnosis and treatment in MRCs. They concluded that breast cancer early detection programs continue to be important, should include clinical breast examination (CBE) with or without mammography, and should be coupled with active awareness programs. Mammographic screening is usually opportunistic and early detection programs are often hampered by logistical and financial problems, as well as socio-cultural barriers, despite improved public educational efforts. Although multidisciplinary services for treatment are available, geographical and economic limitations to these services can lead to an inequity in health care access. Without adequate health insurance coverage, limited personal finances can be a significant barrier to care for many patients. Despite the improved availability of services (surgery, pathology, radiology and radiotherapy), quality assurance programs remain a challenge. Better access to anticancer drugs is needed to improve outcomes, as are rehabilitation programs for survivors. Focused and sustained government health care financing in MRCs is needed to improve early detection and treatment of breast cancer., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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