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17 results on '"Cavalli-Sforza T"'

1. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies

Author

Barba, C., Cavalli-Sforza, T., Cutter, J., Darnton-Hill, I., Deurenberg, P., Deurenberg-Yap, M., Gill, T., James, P., Ko, G., Miu, A.H., Kosulwat, V., Kumanyika, S., Kurpad, A., Mascie-Taylor, N., Moon, H.K., Nishida, C., Noor, M.I., Reddy, K.S., Rush, P.S., Schultz, J.T., Seidell, J.C., Stevens, J., Swinburn, B., Tan, K., Weisell, R., Wu, Z.S., Yajnik, C.S., Yoshiike, N., Zimmet, P.Z., and Nutrition and Health

Subjects
Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, Consultants, Population, World Health Organization, Body Mass Index, Absorptiometry, Photon, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Asian People, Classification of obesity, Reference Values, Risk Factors, Medicine, Humans, Obesity, Deuterium Oxide, education, Health policy, education.field_of_study, Anthropometry, business.industry, Public health, Health Policy, Body Weight, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Reproducibility of Results, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Intervention (law), Risk IT, business, Body mass index, Demography, Densitometry
Abstract

A WHO expert consultation addressed the debate about interpretation of recommended body-mass index (BMI) cut-off points for determining overweight and obesity in Asian populations, and considered whether population-specific cut-off points for BMI are necessary. They reviewed scientific evidence that suggests that Asian populations have different associations between BMI, percentage of body fat, and health risks than do European populations. The consultation concluded that the proportion of Asian people with a high risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is substantial at BMIs lower than the existing WHO cut-off point for overweight (≥25 kg/m2). However, available data do not necessarily indicate a clear BMI cut-off point for all Asians for overweight or obesity. The cut-off point for observed risk varies from 22 kg/m2 to 25 kg/m2 in different Asian populations; for high risk it varies from 26 kg/m2 to 31 kg/m 2. No attempt was made, therefore, to redefine cut-off points for each population separately. The consultation also agreed that the WHO BMI cut-off points should be retained as international classifications. The consultation identified further potential public health action points (23.0, 27.5, 32.5, and 37.5 kg/m2) along the continuum of BMI, and proposed methods by which countries could make decisions about the definitions of increased risk for their population.

Published
2004
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2. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases

Author

Amine, EK, Baba, NH, Belhadj, M, Deurenberg-Yap, M, Djazayery, A, Forrestre, T, Galuska, DA, Herman, S, James, WPT, M'Buyamba Kabangu, JR, Katan, MB, Key, TJ, Kumanyika, S, Mann, J, Moynihan, PJ, Musaiger, AO, Olwit, GW, Petkeviciene, J, Prentice, A, Reddy, KS, Schatzkin, A, Seidell, JC, Simopoulos, AP, Srianujata, S, Steyn, N, Swinburn, B, Uauy, R, Wahlqvist, M, Zhao-Su, W, Yoshiike, N, Rabenek, S, Bagchi, K, Cavalli-Sforza, T, Clugston, GA, Darnton-Hill, I, Ferro-Luzzi, A, Leowski, J, Nishida, C, Nyamwaya, D, Ouedraogo, A, Pietinen, P, Puska, P, Riboli, E, Robertson, A, Shetty, P, Weisell, R, and Yach, D

Published
2003

3. A precise measurement of 180 GeV muon energy losses in iron

Author

Amaral, P., Amorim, A., Anderson, K., Artikov, A., Benetta, R., Berglund, S., Biscarat, C., Blanch, O., Blanchot, G., Bogush, A., Boehm, C., Boldea, V., Borisov, O., Bosman, M., Bromberg, C., Bravo, S., Budagov Yu, A., Burdin, S., Caloba, L., Camarena, F., Carvalho, J., Castillo, M V., Cavalli Sforza, T., Cavasinni, V., Cerqueira, a S., Chadelas, R., Chirikov Zorin, I., Chlachidze, G., Cobal, M., Cogswell, F., Cologna, S., Constantinescu, S., Costanzo, D., Cowan, B., Crouau, M., Daudon, F., David, M., Davidek, T., Dawson, J., De, K., Delfino, M., del Prete, T., de Santo, A., Di Girolamo, B., Dita, S., Downing, R., Engstroem, M., Errede, D., Errede, S., Fassi, F., Fenyuk, A., Ferrer, A., Flaminio, V., Flix, J., Garabik, R., Gil, I., Gildemeister, O., Glagoley, V., Gomes, A., Gonzalez de La Hoz, S., Grabski, V., Grenier, P., Hakopian, H., Haney, M., Hellman, S., Henriques, A., Hebrard, C., Higon, E., Holik, P., Holmgren, S., Hruska, I., Huston, J., Jo And, K., Kakurin, S., Karyukhin, A., Khubua, J., Kopikov, S., Krivkova, P., Kukhtin, V., Jkulchitsky, Y., Kuzmin, M., Lami, S., Lapin, V., Lazzeroni, C., Lebedev, A., Leitner, R., Li, J., Lomakin, Y., Lomakina, O., Lokajicek, M., Lopez-Amengual, J M., Maio, A., Malyukov, S., Marroquin, F., Mataix, L., Mazzoni, E., Merritt, F S., Miller, R., Minashvili, I., Miralles, L., Montarou, Gerard, Nemecek, S., Nessi, M., Onofre, A., Ostankov, a P., Pacheco, A., Pallin, D., Pantea, D., Paoletti, R., Park, I C., Pilcher, J E., Pinhao, J., Price, L., Proudfoot, J., Pukhov, O., Reinmuth, G., Renzoni, G., Richards, R., Roda, C., Roldan, J., Romance, J B., Romanov, V., Rosnet, P., Ruiz, H., Rusakovitch, N., Sanchis, E., Sanders, H., Santoni, C., Santo, J., Says, L. P., Seixas, J M., Sellden, B., Semenov, A., Shcelchkov, A., Shochet, M., Silva, J., Simaitis, V., Sissakian, a N., Solodkov, A., Solovyanov, O., Sosebee, M., Soustruznik, K., Spano, F., Stanek, R., Starchenko, E., Stavina, Op., Suk, M., Sykora, I., Tang, F., Tas, P., Thaler, J., Thome Filho, Z D., Tokar, S., Topilin, N., Valklar, S., Varanda, M J., Vartapetian, A., Vazeille, F., Vichou, I., Vinogradov, V., Vorozhtsov, S., White, A., Wolters, H., Yamdagni, N., Yarygin, G., Yosef, C., Zaitsev, A., Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ATLAS

Subjects
[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The energy loss spectrum of 180 GeV muons has been measured with the 5.6 m long finely segmented Module 0 of the ATLAS hadron tile calorimeter at the CERN SPS. The differential probability dP/d nu per radiation length of a fractional energy loss nu = Delta E/sub mu //E /sub mu / has been measured in the range 0.025 or= nu or=0.97; it is compared with theoretical predictions for energy losses due to bremsstrahlung, production of electron-positron pairs, and energetic knock-on electrons. The iron elastic form factor correction Delta /sub Fe//sup el/=1.63+or-0.17/sub stat/+or-023/sub syst$/ -/sub 0.14 //sup +0.20//sub theor/ to muon bremsstrahlung in the region of no screening of the nucleus by atomic electrons has been measured for the first time, and is compared with different theoretical predictions. (31 refs).

Published
2001

5. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases

Author

Amine, E. K., Baba, N. H., Belhadj, M., Deurenberg-Yap, M., Djazayery, A., Forrestre, T., Galuska, D. A., Herman, S., James, W. P. T., M Buyamba Kabangu, J. R., Katan, M. B., Key, T. J., Kumanyika, S., Mann, J., Paula Moynihan, Musaiger, A. O., Olwit, G. W., Petkeviciene, J., Prentice, A., Reddy, K. S., Schatzkin, A., Seidell, J. C., Simopoulos, A. P., Srianujata, S., Steyn, N., Swinburn, B., Uauy, R., Wahlqvist, M., Zhao-Su, W., Yoshiike, N., Rabenek, S., Bagchi, K., Cavalli-Sforza, T., Clugston, G. A., Darnton-Hill, I., Ferro-Luzzi, A., Leowski, J., Nishida, C., Nyamwaya, D., Ouedraogo, A., Pietinen, P., Puska, P., Riboli, E., Robertson, A., Shetty, P., Weisell, R., and Yach, D.

6. Using reference nutrient density goals with food balance sheet data to identify likely micronutrient deficits for fortification planning in countries in the Western Pacific region.

Author

Gibson RS, Cavalli-Sforza T, Gibson, Rosalind S, and Cavalli-Sforza, Tommaso

Abstract

Background: Collection of nationwide food consumption data at the individual level is the preferred option for planning fortification programs. However, such data are seldom collected in low-income countries. In contrast, Food Balance Sheets (FBS), published annually for approximately 180 countries, may provide a source of national data for program planning.Objective: To explore the use of micronutrient densities from FBS data to identify likely deficits for eight micronutrients in national diets.Methods: Micronutrient densities in the daily available food supply per capita were calculated from the micronutrient contents of 95 food commodities in 17 Western Pacific Region countries. Densities were compared with reference nutrient density goals developed to ensure that at least 95% of individuals, irrespective of life-stage group, are likely to have adequate intakes.Results: Of the eight micronutrients, Cambodia and Korea D.P.R. had likely deficits for six; China, Fiji, Kiribati, Korea Republic, Lao P.D.R., Philippines, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and Viet Nam had likely deficits for five; Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Mongolia, New Zealand, and Papua New Guinea had likely deficits for four; and New Caledonia had likely deficits for three. The most frequent deficits were for iron, zinc, and calcium (all countries), followed by vitamin B2 and vitamin A (n = 13), vitamin B1 (n = 2), and vitamin B12 (n = 1).Conclusions: The nutrient density approach could be applied to FBS data for ranking countries according to likely micronutrient deficits, but it provides no information on distribution of nutrient supply for fortification program planning. The approach described here could be applied to data from Household Consumption and Expenditures Surveys (HCES) to characterize households at greatest risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

15. Positive impact of a weekly iron-folic acid supplement delivered with social marketing to Cambodian women: compliance, participation, and hemoglobin levels increase with higher socioeconomic status.

Author

Crape BL, Kenefick E, Cavalli-Sforza T, Busch-Hallen J, Milani S, and Kanal K

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Advertising, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency epidemiology, Cambodia epidemiology, Dietary Supplements, Female, Health Promotion methods, Humans, Marketing of Health Services, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic prevention & control, Prenatal Care methods, Treatment Outcome, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency prevention & control, Folic Acid administration & dosage, Hemoglobins analysis, Iron, Dietary administration & dosage, Patient Compliance, Social Class, Vitamin B Complex administration & dosage
Abstract

A social marketing program promoting weekly iron-folic acid supplementation improved hemoglobin levels in women of reproductive age in Cambodia. Supplementation was increasingly effective among women of higher socioeconomic status (SES). Among higher SES schoolgirls, 58% took the supplements, compared with 49% for lower SES (P = 0.07). Garment factory workers with an 11th- or 12th-grade education had a mean improvement in hemoglobin of 0.72 g/dL over those with a 5th-grade education or less (P = 0.04). The percentage of rural village women taking supplements increased with increasing SES (linear trend P = 0.046). These results suggest that women with lower SES be given special attention for future programs.

Published
2005
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16. Weekly iron-folic acid supplementation of women of reproductive age: impact overview, lessons learned, expansion plans, and contributions toward achievement of the millennium development goals.

Author

Cavalli-Sforza T, Berger J, Smitasiri S, and Viteri F

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Advertising, Dietary Supplements, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Prenatal Care methods, Treatment Outcome, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency prevention & control, Folic Acid administration & dosage, Health Promotion methods, Iron, Dietary administration & dosage, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic prevention & control, Vitamin B Complex administration & dosage
Published
2005

17. Community mobilization and social marketing to promote weekly iron-folic acid supplementation: a new approach toward controlling anemia among women of reproductive age in Vietnam.

Author

Khan NC, Thanh HT, Berger J, Hoa PT, Quang ND, Smitasiri S, and Cavalli-Sforza T

Subjects
Adult, Advertising, Dietary Supplements, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic prevention & control, Prenatal Care methods, Vietnam, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency prevention & control, Folic Acid administration & dosage, Health Promotion methods, Iron, Dietary administration & dosage, Vitamin B Complex administration & dosage
Abstract

Community-based social marketing and mobilization increased knowledge and participation in preventive weekly iron-folic acid supplementation among women of reproductive age in Vietnam. Rates of buying and taking the weekly supplement containing 60 mg elemental iron and 3.5 mg folic acid among non-pregnant women of reproductive age was between 55% and 92%. Free distribution to pregnant women of the weekly supplement containing 120 mg iron and 3.5 mg folic acid covered almost all pregnant women during the project. In developing countries where community women's groups and health networks are strong, preventive supplementation can be successfully promoted to encourage active participation in the prevention and control of iron-deficiency anemia.

Published
2005
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