37 results on '"Cavaggioni, G."'
Search Results
2. The contribution of personality traits and self-efficacy beliefs to medical students’ empathy
- Author
-
Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Ardenghi, S, Caiaffa, M, Muraro, R, Cavaggioni, G, Valli, M, Piga, A, Di Liegro, I, Strepparava, M, Familiari, G, Barbaranelli C., Ghezzi V., Ardenghi S., Caiaffa M. F., Muraro R., Cavaggioni G., Valli M., Piga A., Di Liegro I., Strepparava M. G., Familiari G., Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Ardenghi, S, Caiaffa, M, Muraro, R, Cavaggioni, G, Valli, M, Piga, A, Di Liegro, I, Strepparava, M, Familiari, G, Barbaranelli C., Ghezzi V., Ardenghi S., Caiaffa M. F., Muraro R., Cavaggioni G., Valli M., Piga A., Di Liegro I., Strepparava M. G., and Familiari G.
- Abstract
Academic learning and professional internship are the paramount pillars of medical students’ edu-cation. Modern healthcare organizational settings have become increasingly aware of the importance of nontechnical individual differences (e.g., personality dispositions and personal resources) in shaping optimal job profiles that may satisfy high-level clinical standards. In this vein, one of the most important challenges for medical academic institutions is the development of emotional and cognitive aspects of empathy that may support and sustain future professionals in achieving the goals of their clinical practice. Capitalizing on a large sample of Italian first-year undergraduate students, the present study sought to disentangle the independent contribution of Big-Five personality traits and Self-Efficacy beliefs in multiple academic and life spheres in explaining cognitive and emotional compo-nents of empathy. Results showed that both sets of variables play a significant role in shaping empathy, albeit with relevant differences on specific dimensions of empathy. Implications for academic learning and clinical practice are discussed.
- Published
- 2021
3. The contribution of personality traits and self-efficacy beliefs to medical students’ empathy
- Author
-
Barbaranelli C., Ghezzi V., Ardenghi S., Caiaffa M. F., Muraro R., Cavaggioni G., Valli M., Piga A., Di Liegro I., Strepparava M. G., Familiari G., Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Ardenghi, S, Caiaffa, M, Muraro, R, Cavaggioni, G, Valli, M, Piga, A, Di Liegro, I, Strepparava, M, and Familiari, G
- Subjects
Medical student ,Empathy ,M-PSI/08 - PSICOLOGIA CLINICA ,Personality trait ,Self-efficacy ,Big Five - Abstract
Academic learning and professional internship are the paramount pillars of medical students’ edu-cation. Modern healthcare organizational settings have become increasingly aware of the importance of nontechnical individual differences (e.g., personality dispositions and personal resources) in shaping optimal job profiles that may satisfy high-level clinical standards. In this vein, one of the most important challenges for medical academic institutions is the development of emotional and cognitive aspects of empathy that may support and sustain future professionals in achieving the goals of their clinical practice. Capitalizing on a large sample of Italian first-year undergraduate students, the present study sought to disentangle the independent contribution of Big-Five personality traits and Self-Efficacy beliefs in multiple academic and life spheres in explaining cognitive and emotional compo-nents of empathy. Results showed that both sets of variables play a significant role in shaping empathy, albeit with relevant differences on specific dimensions of empathy. Implications for academic learning and clinical practice are discussed.
- Published
- 2021
4. Psychodynamics of onychophagists
- Author
-
Cavaggioni, G. and Romano, F.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A psychodynamic hypothesis on the Night Eating Syndrome
- Author
-
Cavaggioni, G.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Genetic association of HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms with alopecia areata in the Italian population
- Author
-
Megiorni, F., Pizzuti, A., Mora, B., Rizzuti, A., Garelli, V., Maxia, C., Carlesimo, M., Fotruna, M. C., Delle Chiaie, R., Cavaggioni, G., and Rossi, A.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Studio longitudinale sul benessere e le attitudini degli studenti di medicina e chirurgia: focus su alcuni risultati dei primi due tempi della ricerca
- Author
-
Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Cavaggioni, G, Filomena Caiaffa, M, Valli, M, Muraro, R, Locatelli, V, Strepparava, M, Giuseppe Familiari, E, Claudio Barbaranelli, Valerio Ghezzi, Gabriele Cavaggioni, Maria Filomena Caiaffa, Maurizia Valli, Raffaella Muraro, Vittorio Locatelli, Maria Grazia Strepparava, e Giuseppe Familiari, Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Cavaggioni, G, Filomena Caiaffa, M, Valli, M, Muraro, R, Locatelli, V, Strepparava, M, Giuseppe Familiari, E, Claudio Barbaranelli, Valerio Ghezzi, Gabriele Cavaggioni, Maria Filomena Caiaffa, Maurizia Valli, Raffaella Muraro, Vittorio Locatelli, Maria Grazia Strepparava, and e Giuseppe Familiari
- Abstract
In Italia, le attuali procedure per l’ingresso nei corsi di studio di medicina valutano solo le abilità cognitive dei candidati. Non vi sono studi che indaghino l’importanza delle abilità non cognitive e l’impatto della vita accademica (corso, formazione, esami e simili) sul benessere degli studenti. Per colmare questa lacuna, la Conferenza Italiana dei Presidenti di CLM in Medicina e Chirurgia ha promosso una ricerca longitudinale finalizzata a indagare il benessere degli studenti nei 6 anni di corso di studio. La ricerca è longitudinale e coinvolge 6 Università equamente distribuite nelle diverse zone geografiche d’Italia. Un questionario che misura i tratti di personalità e l’auto-efficacia; il benessere psicologico; i fattori motivazionali e vocazionali; le variabili socio-demografiche è stato somministrato all’inizio del primo anno e del terzo anno. Un totale di 834 studenti sono stati interessati nel primo tempo: i rimanenti al secondo tempo erano 478 (circa il 53%). I risultati preliminari ottenuti dall’analisi del questionario mostrano che i profili di personalità degli studenti sono relativamente stabili, specialmente la stabilità dell’ordine di rango nei tratti della personalità (i cosiddetti “Big Five”), l’autoefficacia e l’empatia. Tuttavia, è emersa una moderata, anche se significativa, diminuzione dell’efficacia accademica e della soddisfazione della vita, e l’aumento del disagio personale nel tempo. Sebbene gli studenti di medicina mostrino alti livelli di capacità di autoregolamentazione, così come i profili individuali che dimostrano un sostanziale benessere, i 3 anni di corso di Medicina mostrano un impatto significativo (anche se moderato) sulla percezione da parte degli studenti di se stessi. In particolare, le attività accademiche hanno probabilmente prodotto un’autovalutazione più realistica delle proprie capacità accademiche. Gli impegni del corso di studi hanno un probabile impatto nell’au-mentare il senso di disagio personale degli studenti., In Italy, current undergraduate medical-school (UMS) assessment procedures test applicants’ cognitive skills only. There are not studies investigating the importance of non-cognitive skills as well as the impact of academic life (course, training, exams, and the like) on students well-being. In order to fill this gap the Italian Conference of UMS Directors promoted a longitudinal research aimed at investigating students’ well-being across the 6-years of course of study. The research was longitudinal in design and involved 6 Universities equally distributed in the different geographic zones of Italy. A questionnaire measuring personality and self-efficacy; psychological well-being; motivational and vocational factors; socio-demographic variables was administered at the beginning of the first year and of the third year. A total of 834 students were enrolled in the first wave: the remainers at the second wave were 478 (about 53%). Preliminary results obtained from the analysis of the questionnaire show that students personality profiles are relatively stable especially as are as rank order stability in personality traits (the so called “Big Five”), self-efficacy and empathy. However, moderate al-though significant decrease in academic self-efficacy and life satisfaction, and increase in personal disease across time emerged. Although medicine students show high levels of self-regulation capability, as well individual profiles evidencing a substantial well being, the 3 years of course of Medicine show a significant (albeit moderate) impact on students perceptions of themselves. In particular, academic activities likely produced a more realistic self-evaluation of own academic capabilities. The commitments of the course of studies have a likely impact in increase a sense of personal disease of stu-dents.
- Published
- 2019
8. Studio longitudinale sul benessere e le attitudini degli Studenti di Medicina e Chirurgia. Primi risultati della fase 1 - Le caratteristiche degli studenti selezionati.
- Author
-
Barbaranelli, C, Familiari, G, Ghezzi, V, Valli, M, De Placido, S, Muraro, R, Bandello, F, Locatelli, V, Bozzaro, S, Di Liegro, I, Caiaffa, M, Morini, S, Strepparava, M, Cavaggioni, G, Cavaggioni, G., LOCATELLI, VITTORIO, STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA, Barbaranelli, C, Familiari, G, Ghezzi, V, Valli, M, De Placido, S, Muraro, R, Bandello, F, Locatelli, V, Bozzaro, S, Di Liegro, I, Caiaffa, M, Morini, S, Strepparava, M, Cavaggioni, G, Cavaggioni, G., LOCATELLI, VITTORIO, and STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA
- Abstract
We present the first results of a longitudinal study for the recognition and assessment of non-cognitive aspects of the candidates access to medicine course, and throughout the course. This study considered 8 CLMs equally distributed throughout the country and 980 students enrolled in the first year, in the academic year 2013-2014. Preliminary results obtained from the analysis of the questionnaire used in the research show that students expect a profession characterized by the aid for patients and socially useful, while they do not expect a low pay as well as a work activity risky for health. Students are motivated to the academic course mainly by the desire to care for others, while variously opportunistic aspects are much less relevant. Students show high capacity of self-regulation, a high level of empathy in its both aspects of propensity to engagement with others in their difficult moments, as well as of tendency to spontaneously take the perspective of others, while they are able to maintain a goal directed behavior even in the presence of suffering others. These students are basically satisfied, they show a confident and positive attitude towards life and a substantial psychological health. However, it is possible to identify a sub-group of students showing signals of psychological fragility who must be carefully monitored: their profiles will be analyzed in more detail, through in-depth interviews scheduled for the third/fourth year as part of faculties counselling services.
- Published
- 2016
9. PROCEDURES FOR SELECTING ITALIAN TEAMS TO THE INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS OLYMPIADS
- Author
-
Violino, P., primary and Cavaggioni, G., additional
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. L’accesso a Medicina. Best evidence-based practice, requisito indispensabile per una ipotesi di “Processo di Selezione” centrato sulla realtà formativa italiana e di caratura internazionale
- Author
-
Familiari, G, Barbaranelli, C, Di Liegro, I, Lanzone, A, Locatelli, V, Morini, S, Muraro, R, Strepparava, M, Valli, M, Cavaggioni, G, Cavaggioni, G., LOCATELLI, VITTORIO, STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA, Familiari, G, Barbaranelli, C, Di Liegro, I, Lanzone, A, Locatelli, V, Morini, S, Muraro, R, Strepparava, M, Valli, M, Cavaggioni, G, Cavaggioni, G., LOCATELLI, VITTORIO, and STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA
- Abstract
The article comments on the motions of the Permanent Conference of the Faculties and Schools of Medicine and Surgery and the Permanent Conference of Presidents of Bachelor’s Degree in Medicine and Surgery in response to the hypothesis of the Minister of Education plans (MIUR) to introduce the “French system” as a model for selecting the Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery. The article reiterates the lack of rationality of this hypothesis, and points out that the purpose of the selection must be to strive for a true selection process that is constantly monitored, evaluated and compared with the numerous examples of best evidence-based practices traceable within the international community. The outlines finally how the different “evidences” related to the Italian situation, already produced on this subject and the various research projects, still in progress, promoted by the two Permanent Conferences, should be taken into due consideration
- Published
- 2014
11. Selection of Medical Students and non-cognitive skills: A national, longitudinal written-test validation study
- Author
-
Barbaranelli, C, Cavaggioni, G, Lenzi, A, Familiari, G., STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA, AAVV, Barbaranelli, C, Cavaggioni, G, Strepparava, M, Lenzi, A, and Familiari, G
- Subjects
Medical Education, Selection, Medicine Admission, Personality ,M-PSI/08 - PSICOLOGIA CLINICA ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE - Abstract
Background: Universities worldwide use entry tests to assess both the cognitive and ‘non-cognitive’ skills of undergraduate medical-school (UMS) applicants. In Italy, current UMS assessment procedures test applicants’ cognitive skills only. Summary of Work: The Italian Permanent Conference of Medical School Directors promoted research to validate written multi-factorial tests capable of identifying non-cognitive MS success predictors. The research involved six public Universities from the South, Centre and North of Italy. It was longitudinal in design, examining participants at different stages of their undergraduate careers. Summary of Results: The study group sought to measure: a) personality and self-efficacy; b) psychological well-being; c) motivational and vocational factors; d) socio-demographic variables. Self-Efficacy Scales, a short version of the Big Five Questionnaire, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, SCL-90-R and Positivity Scales were combined with other Motivational Scales. The questionnaire was administered to 882 Medical-School freshers during the current year. Discussion and Conclusions: Integrated pre-validated scales may act as predictors of the attitudes of future medical students, and allows the study of their profiles and assess them over the following six years, to identify vulnerability and strength factors for their professional development. The results, which compare changes in interpersonal and intrapersonal competencies during the students’ careers, may be useful when selecting non-cognitive constructs to be considered in national UMS tests. Take-home messages: This initiative aims at changing the ways medical school applicants are assessed and selected in order to identify those who will become the kind of physicians best suited to practice in a dynamic health-care environment.
- Published
- 2014
12. Accesso ai corsi di laurea in medicina: messa a punto di un questionario conoscitivo relativo a equilibrio personale e relazionale, attitudini, motivazioni e valori in contesti educativi (EMAV-E)
- Author
-
Bosco, A, Curcio, Giuseppe, Pellegrino, P, Caffò, Ao, di Masi MN, Familiari, G, Cavaggioni, G, and Morini, S.
- Subjects
questionario conoscitivo ,valori ,attitudini ,motivazioni ,Accesso a medicina, questionario conoscitivo, equilibrio personale, attitudini, motivazioni, valori ,equilibrio personale ,Accesso a medicina - Published
- 2016
13. Università e disabilità
- Author
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Cavaggioni, G., Gazzaniga, V., and Mitterhofer, A. P.
- Subjects
Disability ,Universities ,teaching - Published
- 2016
14. Axis II disorders, body image and childhood abuse in bariatric surgery candidates
- Author
-
Capoccia, D, Monaco, V, Coccia, F, Leonetti, F, and Cavaggioni, G
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Axis II disorders ,bariatric surgery ,body image ,childhood abuse ,obesity ,Adolescent ,Bariatric Surgery ,Middle Aged ,Body Dysmorphic Disorders ,Personality Disorders ,Obesity, Morbid ,Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ,Young Adult ,Risk Factors ,Body Image ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,Child Abuse ,Child ,Aged - Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are common in obese patients and they are often considered contraindications for bariatric surgery. In this patients Axis I profile has been widely investigated, while only few studies on Axis II profile are reported. Aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of Axis II psychopathology, to describe the typical body image and to evaluate the prevalence of childhood abuse in bariatric surgery candidates.A total of 102 consecutive obese patients (77 females) were evaluated by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV which assessed Axis I Disorders. After the exclusion of Axis I Disorders, 50 patients (36 females, BMI: 44.68 ± 9.48 Kg/m2, age: 44.5 ± 11.7 years) were enrolled. All 50 patients received a psychiatric assessment including the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID-II); the Body Uneasiness Test, part a (BUT-A), which assesses body image disorders; the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) as a screening test of childhood maltreatment histories.Nineteen patients (38%) were affected by Axis II disorders. Cluster C disorders, including avoidant, dependent and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders, represented the most common diagnosis (24%). Moreover, 34 patients (68%) showed body image disorders (BID), with a GSI score ≥1.2 and 24 (48%) referred an abuse during childhood. Patients with Axis II disorder or a body image uneasiness or a history of maltreatment during childhood, showed higher BMI in adulthood.Psychiatric comorbidities in obese patients were not only represented by depression or anxiety (Axis I disorders), but also by personality disorders (Axis II), body image disorders and childhood abuse. The identification of these conditions could improve outcomes of bariatric surgery and represent an indication for a most important psychiatric support before, during and after surgery.
- Published
- 2015
15. Basic symptoms in young adults general population: correlation with psychotic dimensions, impairment and disposition to help-seeking
- Author
-
FIORI NASTRO, Paolo, Righetti, V, Lia, C, Monducci, E, Cavaggioni, G, Saba, R, and Armando, M.
- Published
- 2010
16. Selection of Medical Students and non-cognitive skills: A national, longitudinal written-test validation study
- Author
-
AAVV, Barbaranelli, C, Cavaggioni, G, Strepparava, M, Lenzi, A, Familiari, G, Familiari, G., STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA, AAVV, Barbaranelli, C, Cavaggioni, G, Strepparava, M, Lenzi, A, Familiari, G, Familiari, G., and STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA
- Abstract
Background: Universities worldwide use entry tests to assess both the cognitive and ‘non-cognitive’ skills of undergraduate medical-school (UMS) applicants. In Italy, current UMS assessment procedures test applicants’ cognitive skills only. Summary of Work: The Italian Permanent Conference of Medical School Directors promoted research to validate written multi-factorial tests capable of identifying non-cognitive MS success predictors. The research involved six public Universities from the South, Centre and North of Italy. It was longitudinal in design, examining participants at different stages of their undergraduate careers. Summary of Results: The study group sought to measure: a) personality and self-efficacy; b) psychological well-being; c) motivational and vocational factors; d) socio-demographic variables. Self-Efficacy Scales, a short version of the Big Five Questionnaire, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, SCL-90-R and Positivity Scales were combined with other Motivational Scales. The questionnaire was administered to 882 Medical-School freshers during the current year. Discussion and Conclusions: Integrated pre-validated scales may act as predictors of the attitudes of future medical students, and allows the study of their profiles and assess them over the following six years, to identify vulnerability and strength factors for their professional development. The results, which compare changes in interpersonal and intrapersonal competencies during the students’ careers, may be useful when selecting non-cognitive constructs to be considered in national UMS tests. Take-home messages: This initiative aims at changing the ways medical school applicants are assessed and selected in order to identify those who will become the kind of physicians best suited to practice in a dynamic health-care environment.
- Published
- 2014
17. Studio osservazionale comparativo su un campione di studenti del Nord, del Centro e del Sud con valutazione della Maturità, del Test di accesso e delle scelte di sede effettuate al concorso con graduatoria nazionale 2013-2014. Osservazioni preliminari.
- Author
-
Familiari, G, Baldini, R, Lanzone, A, Valli, M, Di Liegro, I, Locatelli, V, Morini, S, Muraro, R, Strepparava, M, Cavaggioni, G, Barbaranelli, C, Heyn, R, Relucenti, M, Gaudio, E, Gaudio, E., LOCATELLI, VITTORIO, STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA, Familiari, G, Baldini, R, Lanzone, A, Valli, M, Di Liegro, I, Locatelli, V, Morini, S, Muraro, R, Strepparava, M, Cavaggioni, G, Barbaranelli, C, Heyn, R, Relucenti, M, Gaudio, E, Gaudio, E., LOCATELLI, VITTORIO, and STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA
- Abstract
In compliance with the new norms governing access to medical faculties in Italy, which foresee a sole national ranking list, a comparative observational study was carried out on a sample of students from the country’s northern, central and southern areas (888 in all), the aim of which was to appraise the students’ O-level marks, the results of their national entrance examinations and the particular university campuses chosen by them. The preliminary results, based on a direct survey carried out at the end of the month of November 2013, seem to reveal that: A) the students from the south obtained better O-level results than those of the centre and north; B) the students from the north obtained higher scores at the entrance examination compared to those of the centre and south; C) the few students from the south who chose to sit for the test in a northern university obtained very high O-level marks and also high scores at the entrance exam; D) the students from the south who chose universities in the centre and north were strongly motivated in their choice, while those from the north who chose universities in the central or southern areas, usually did so for reasons of necessity but, probably, spurred by equally strong motivations. These preliminary results need to be integrated with the definitive results of the ranking list which was completed on March 5th. 2014. Test on well-being and attitudes was administered to the students themselves, the results of which, correlated with these students’ entrance-exam data and future academic results, will be availed of to provide “evidence” helpful to the improvement of the national entrance examination.
- Published
- 2014
18. Analgesic intake and sexual behaviour in episodic migraine: a psychobiological perspective
- Author
-
Giacomini, Patrizia, Mocciola, A, Ialeggio, Dm, Marianetti, M, and Cavaggioni, G.
- Published
- 2007
19. Analgesic intake and sexual addiction in migraine: a dysfunction of motivated adaptive behaviour?
- Author
-
Ialeggio, Dm, Mocciola, A, Marianetti, M, Nappi, G, Cavaggioni, G, and Giacomini, Patrizia
- Published
- 2007
20. Early signs and symptoms before the psychotic onset. A study on the Duration of Untreated Illness (DUI) in a sample of patients with diagnosis of 'non-affective psychotic disorders',Segni e sintomi prodromici all'esordio psicotico. Uno studio sulla Duration of Untreated Illness (DUI) in un campione di pazienti con diagnosi di psicosi non affettiva
- Author
-
Bensi, M., Marco Armando, Censi, V., Aiello, D., Lindau, J. F., Cavaggioni, G., Birchwood, M., and Nastro, P. F.
21. Studio longitudinale sul benessere e le attitudini degli studenti di medicina e chirurgia: focus su alcuni risultati dei primi due tempi della ricerca
- Author
-
Claudio Barbaranelli, Valerio Ghezzi, Gabriele Cavaggioni, Maria Filomena Caiaffa, Maurizia Valli, Raffaella Muraro, Vittorio Locatelli, Maria Grazia Strepparava, e Giuseppe Familiari, Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Cavaggioni, G, Filomena Caiaffa, M, Valli, M, Muraro, R, Locatelli, V, Strepparava, M, and Giuseppe Familiari, E
- Subjects
benessere degli studenti, personalità, pedagogia medica, test accesso programmato, empatia ,students well-being, personality, medical education, empathy, admission test ,M-PSI/08 - PSICOLOGIA CLINICA - Abstract
In Italia, le attuali procedure per l’ingresso nei corsi di studio di medicina valutano solo le abilità cognitive dei candidati. Non vi sono studi che indaghino l’importanza delle abilità non cognitive e l’impatto della vita accademica (corso, formazione, esami e simili) sul benessere degli studenti. Per colmare questa lacuna, la Conferenza Italiana dei Presidenti di CLM in Medicina e Chirurgia ha promosso una ricerca longitudinale finalizzata a indagare il benessere degli studenti nei 6 anni di corso di studio. La ricerca è longitudinale e coinvolge 6 Università equamente distribuite nelle diverse zone geografiche d’Italia. Un questionario che misura i tratti di personalità e l’auto-efficacia; il benessere psicologico; i fattori motivazionali e vocazionali; le variabili socio-demografiche è stato somministrato all’inizio del primo anno e del terzo anno. Un totale di 834 studenti sono stati interessati nel primo tempo: i rimanenti al secondo tempo erano 478 (circa il 53%). I risultati preliminari ottenuti dall’analisi del questionario mostrano che i profili di personalità degli studenti sono relativamente stabili, specialmente la stabilità dell’ordine di rango nei tratti della personalità (i cosiddetti “Big Five”), l’autoefficacia e l’empatia. Tuttavia, è emersa una moderata, anche se significativa, diminuzione dell’efficacia accademica e della soddisfazione della vita, e l’aumento del disagio personale nel tempo. Sebbene gli studenti di medicina mostrino alti livelli di capacità di autoregolamentazione, così come i profili individuali che dimostrano un sostanziale benessere, i 3 anni di corso di Medicina mostrano un impatto significativo (anche se moderato) sulla percezione da parte degli studenti di se stessi. In particolare, le attività accademiche hanno probabilmente prodotto un’autovalutazione più realistica delle proprie capacità accademiche. Gli impegni del corso di studi hanno un probabile impatto nell’au-mentare il senso di disagio personale degli studenti. In Italy, current undergraduate medical-school (UMS) assessment procedures test applicants’ cognitive skills only. There are not studies investigating the importance of non-cognitive skills as well as the impact of academic life (course, training, exams, and the like) on students well-being. In order to fill this gap the Italian Conference of UMS Directors promoted a longitudinal research aimed at investigating students’ well-being across the 6-years of course of study. The research was longitudinal in design and involved 6 Universities equally distributed in the different geographic zones of Italy. A questionnaire measuring personality and self-efficacy; psychological well-being; motivational and vocational factors; socio-demographic variables was administered at the beginning of the first year and of the third year. A total of 834 students were enrolled in the first wave: the remainers at the second wave were 478 (about 53%). Preliminary results obtained from the analysis of the questionnaire show that students personality profiles are relatively stable especially as are as rank order stability in personality traits (the so called “Big Five”), self-efficacy and empathy. However, moderate al-though significant decrease in academic self-efficacy and life satisfaction, and increase in personal disease across time emerged. Although medicine students show high levels of self-regulation capability, as well individual profiles evidencing a substantial well being, the 3 years of course of Medicine show a significant (albeit moderate) impact on students perceptions of themselves. In particular, academic activities likely produced a more realistic self-evaluation of own academic capabilities. The commitments of the course of studies have a likely impact in increase a sense of personal disease of stu-dents.
- Published
- 2019
22. Studio osservazionale comparativo su un campione di studenti del Nord, del Centro e del Sud con valutazione della Maturità, del Test di accesso e delle scelte di sede effettuate al concorso con graduatoria nazionale 2013-2014. Osservazioni preliminari
- Author
-
Familiari, Giuseppe, Baldini, Rossella, Lanzone, A., Valli, M., Di Liegro, I., Locatelli, V., Morini, S., Muraro, R., Strepparava, M. G., Cavaggioni, Gabriele, Barbaranelli, Claudio, HEYN SALINAS, Rosemari Brigitte, Relucenti, Michela, Gaudio, Eugenio, Familiari, G, Baldini, R, Lanzone, A, Valli, M, Di Liegro, I, Locatelli, V, Morini, S, Muraro, R, Strepparava, M, Cavaggioni, G, Barbaranelli, C, Heyn, R, Relucenti, M, and Gaudio, E
- Subjects
M-PSI/08 - PSICOLOGIA CLINICA ,Medical Education, Assessment, Selection ,M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE - Abstract
In compliance with the new norms governing access to medical faculties in Italy, which foresee a sole national ranking list, a comparative observational study was carried out on a sample of students from the country’s northern, central and southern areas (888 in all), the aim of which was to appraise the students’ O-level marks, the results of their national entrance examinations and the particular university campuses chosen by them. The preliminary results, based on a direct survey carried out at the end of the month of November 2013, seem to reveal that: A) the students from the south obtained better O-level results than those of the centre and north; B) the students from the north obtained higher scores at the entrance examination compared to those of the centre and south; C) the few students from the south who chose to sit for the test in a northern university obtained very high O-level marks and also high scores at the entrance exam; D) the students from the south who chose universities in the centre and north were strongly motivated in their choice, while those from the north who chose universities in the central or southern areas, usually did so for reasons of necessity but, probably, spurred by equally strong motivations. These preliminary results need to be integrated with the definitive results of the ranking list which was completed on March 5th. 2014. Test on well-being and attitudes was administered to the students themselves, the results of which, correlated with these students’ entrance-exam data and future academic results, will be availed of to provide “evidence” helpful to the improvement of the national entrance examination.
- Published
- 2014
23. Personality and Lockdown: A Study on Italian Undergraduates During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Biondi S, Casale S, Burrai J, Mazza C, Cavaggioni G, Ferracuti S, Giannini AM, and Roma P
- Abstract
The current study aimed at increasing our understanding of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on undergraduate students, particularly with respect to the association between personality traits; defense mechanisms (DMs); depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms (DASSs); and compliance with the government recommended health measures. A sample of 1,427 Italian undergraduate students were administered the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5-Brief Form; the Defense Style Questionnaire-40; and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21. Compliance with the COVID-19 behavioral recommendations was measured through a 10-item survey measure. Results showed that immature DMs and internalizing personality traits (i.e., detachment, negative affect, psychoticism) were risk factors of DASSs. Furthermore, subjects with higher levels of DASSs appeared less compliant with the health measures recommended by the Italian government. Experts may use these results to identify and subsequently support ( via the Internet) young subjects at greater risk of mental health problems as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Biondi, Casale, Burrai, Mazza, Cavaggioni, Ferracuti, Giannini and Roma.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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24. Psychic euosmia among obsessive-compulsive personality disorder patients: A case control study.
- Author
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Maraone A, Tarsitani L, Frascarelli M, Petrini F, Roselli V, Tinè M, Cavaggioni G, Brakoulias V, Biondi M, and Pasquini M
- Abstract
Background: Psychic euosmia (PE) has been described as a supposed psychological predisposition for which pleasant smells elicit an immediate sense of pleasure, order and calmness in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD). In this study we tried to verify the interpretation that PE is the counterpart of disgust that has been associated to contamination and moral purity. Disgust and morality are significantly associated in people with obsessive-compulsive personality traits. We expected that OCPD patients would experience higher levels of PE., Aim: To investigate the PE frequency in OCPD patients and healthy controls (HC) and to evaluate the relationship between PE and disgust., Methods: A single-center, case-control study was conducted in an outpatient service for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. The sample consisted of 129 subjects: 45 OCPD patients and 84 HC. In both groups we submitted the Disgust Scale Revised (DS-R) and the self-report Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Screening Personality Questionnaire to which we added an additional yes or no question to investigate the presence of PE. In order to verify differences between groups, t -test was employed for continuous variables and
2 test for categorical variable; odds ratio was employed to analyze group differences in the PE survey. Correlation was explored with Pearson r correlations., Results: No differences were observed between groups in gender composition or education. A slight significant difference was found in mean age ( t = 1.988; P = 0.049). The present study revealed significantly higher proportions of PE among OCPD patients when compared to HC (OR: 5.3, 2.28-12.46). Patients with OCPD were more likely to report PE ( n = 36; 80%) whereas a much lower proportion endorsed PE in the HC group ( n = 36; 42.9%). Interestingly, no differences were observed between groups in mean score for the Disgust Scale. There was also no difference between the two groups in any of the Disgust Scale Revised subscales. Moreover, no significant correlations were observed in the OCPD group between PE and Disgust Scale Revised subscales., Conclusion: Results suggested that PE might be part of the clinical spectrum of OCPD, and it does not reflect the counterpart of disgust. This could also indicate that this phenomenon is a manifestation of orderliness or incompleteness. Further studies will need to be undertaken to better understand PE and its significance in OCPD., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare the absence of conflict of interests related to the present study., (©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
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25. The relationship between Vitamin D and depressive disorders.
- Author
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Bersani FS, Ghezzi F, Maraone A, Vicinanza R, Cavaggioni G, Biondi M, and Pasquini M
- Subjects
- Depressive Disorder blood, Humans, Prospective Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Vitamin D administration & dosage, Vitamin D Deficiency blood, Vitamins, Depressive Disorder psychology, Vitamin D blood, Vitamin D Deficiency psychology
- Abstract
Studies have suggested a relationship between low circulating levels of Vitamin D and depression. Vitamin D deficiency may be a consequence of depression-related factors, such as reduced sun exposure, decreased outdoor activity, and dietary changes, but it can also play a role in the pathophysiology of depressive conditions through a range of molecular mechanisms. In the present manuscript, findings related to prospective longitudinal studies on the relationship between Vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms and to randomized controlled trials on Vitamin D supplementation for depressive disorders are reviewed.
- Published
- 2019
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26. MELDNa score is associated with psychopathology and reduced quality of life in cirrhotic patients with a liver transplant perspective.
- Author
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Cavaggioni G, Poli E, Ferri F, Parlati L, Monaco V, Melcore C, Lattanzi B, Merli M, Mennini G, Melandro F, Rossi M, and Ginanni Corradini S
- Subjects
- End Stage Liver Disease diagnosis, End Stage Liver Disease psychology, End Stage Liver Disease surgery, Female, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis diagnosis, Liver Transplantation trends, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Liver Cirrhosis psychology, Liver Cirrhosis surgery, Liver Transplantation psychology, Quality of Life psychology, Severity of Illness Index, Surveys and Questionnaires
- Abstract
Psychopathological symptoms and reduced health related quality of life (HRQoL) are frequent in cirrhotics, but no data on their association with cirrhosis prognosis assessed by the MELDNa score are available. Prospective data on the long-term effect of deceased donor liver transplantation (LT) on psychopathological symptoms are needed. Before entering the LT waiting list, 44 consecutive LT cirrhotic candidates without a major psychiatric disorder underwent a psychopathological assessment, including Symptom Checklist-90-revised (SCL-90-R) and Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ). HRQoL was measured by Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). Abnormal performance at each questionnaire was defined by using 44 age, gender, BMI and education-matched healthy subjects. Separate binary logistic regression models were used to test the association of the Child-Pugh, MELD and MELDNa scores with abnormal performance at each questionnaire. Fourteen patients repeated the battery tests 3 years after LT. Before LT, increasing MELDNa was the only prognostic score independently associated with an abnormal SCL-90-R global psychopathological score index (OR: 1.207; 95% CI: 1.026-1.420; P = 0.02) and the best independent predictor of reduced HRQoL. After LT, compared to status prior to LT, performance at SF-36 general health perception scale ameliorated (P = 0.02), performance at SCL-90-R somatization scale (P = 0.001) and global psychopathological score index (P < 0.001) worsened and the negative correlation between the psychopathological global score index and HRQoL disappeared. The severity of cirrhosis in LT candidates should be monitored by the MELDNa score to better establish the right psychological counselling. Psychopathology, and in particular somatization, worsens after LT and should be carefully investigated.
- Published
- 2017
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27. Lack of association between serotonin transporter 5-HTT gene polymorphism and endometriosis in an Italian patient population.
- Author
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Megiorni F, Resta S, Yazdanian D, Cavaggioni G, Lia C, Benedetti Panici P, Pizzuti A, and Porpora MG
- Subjects
- Adult, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Promoter Regions, Genetic genetics, Endometriosis diagnosis, Endometriosis genetics, Genetic Association Studies methods, Polymorphism, Genetic genetics, Population Surveillance methods, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins genetics
- Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT), a key component in the control of the serotonergic system, is associated with endometriosis in an Italian population., Findings: A case-control study, comprising 137 Italian patients with surgically confirmed endometriosis and 120 healthy controls, was carried out. 5-HTT genotypes (LL, SL and SS) were obtained by polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis analysis. We found no overall difference in genotypic and allelic distributions of the 5-HTT gene between cases and controls., Conclusions: Our results suggest that the 5-HTT L/S promoter polymorphism is not associated with susceptibility to endometriosis in the studied Italian patients.
- Published
- 2014
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28. Are mood and anxiety disorders and alexithymia associated with endometriosis? A preliminary study.
- Author
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Cavaggioni G, Lia C, Resta S, Antonielli T, Benedetti Panici P, Megiorni F, and Porpora MG
- Subjects
- Adult, Affective Symptoms complications, Anxiety Disorders complications, Endometriosis complications, Female, Humans, Laparoscopy, Middle Aged, Mood Disorders complications, Pelvic Pain pathology, Affective Symptoms pathology, Anxiety Disorders pathology, Endometriosis pathology, Mood Disorders pathology
- Abstract
Objective: The aim of this preliminary study was to determine whether psychiatric disorders, psychopathological symptoms, and alexithymia are associated with endometriosis in an Italian population., Study Design: A preliminary study comprising 37 Italian patients with surgically confirmed endometriosis and 43 controls, without clinical and ultrasound signs of endometriosis, was carried out. Both patients and controls were evaluated for the presence/absence of psychiatric disorders, psychopathological symptoms, alexithymia, and pain symptoms (nonmenstrual pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia)., Results: Statistically significant differences were found between cases and controls for prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders, malfunctioning on obsessive-compulsive subscale (P < 0.01) and depression subscale (P < 0.05) of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revisited (SCL-90-R), and higher alexithymia levels (P < 0.01). Patients with endometriosis-associated pain showed greater prevalence of psychiatric disorders compared to pain-free patients but that difference was not significant. Significant correlation was found between malfunctioning in some SCL-90-R dimensions and pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia scores at the visual analog score (VAS)., Conclusion: Some psychopathological aspects, such as psychoemotional distress and alexithymia, are more frequent in women with endometriosis and might amplify pain symptoms in these patients.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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29. [Characteristics of a population of medical students reported to the University Student Counseling Service "Fatti vivo!"].
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Lia C, Lai E, Gallo V, and Cavaggioni G
- Subjects
- Adult, Counseling, Female, Humans, Male, Young Adult, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, Stress, Psychological therapy, Students, Medical
- Abstract
Introduction: During the last years, in Italy as well abroad, psychological counseling has been spreading through university environment, offering a range of opportunities, from individual settings to post-counseling group psychotherapies. Medical students, on the basis of data from several works within international literature, would represent a population particularly exposed to stressors., Materials and Methods: In our study we have recruited a sample of 44 medical students at Sapienza University of Rome. As evaluation tools we have used: a gathering card of socio-demographic variables, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders Clinical Version (SCID-I CV) and a satisfaction card of the service. RESULTS; Fourteen students showed one or more diagnosis in Axis 1 of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). Frequency analysis through χ2 test has underlined statistically significant differences relative to geographic origin variable. The service has been evaluated as alright., Discussion: Although the data presented need deeper and more extensive verifications, our study supports the need of a service of psychological counseling devoted to university population and, even more, to medical students.
- Published
- 2013
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30. [The selection process in the Faculty of Medicine: the usefulness of a psychological and aptitude assessment].
- Author
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Lia C and Cavaggioni G
- Subjects
- Faculty, Medical, Humans, Italy, Psychometrics, Aptitude, College Admission Test, Education, Medical, Undergraduate standards, School Admission Criteria, Students, Medical psychology
- Abstract
In almost all the universities worldwide, the admission to the Faculty of Medicine is subject to a specific selection process. In most cases tests are used to assess the cognitive abilities of the candidates. However, a growing number of universities (particularly American and Canadian) is using a set of instruments to evaluate non-cognitive skills in addition to these tests. Among the most commonly used tools are included personal interviews, Multiple Mini Interview (MMI), Personal Quality Assessment (PQA). In Italy in the last decade increasing emphasis was placed on assessing students' attitudes through the use of orientation tests (given in classrooms or online fillable), as part of several projects that involve collaboration between secondary school and university. Nevertheless, the admission to the Faculty of Medicine does not yet provide a psychological and aptitude assessment, but relies exclusively on cognitive features. In a similar way to what is already the case with the selection of personnel in law enforcement agency, we propose a selection model that includes an assessment of psychological features and aptitudes of the candidates, as well as cognitive skills.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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31. [ADHD or childhood-onset schizophrenia? A case report].
- Author
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Lia C and Cavaggioni G
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Early Diagnosis, Humans, Male, Young Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity diagnosis, Schizophrenia, Childhood diagnosis
- Abstract
In the last decades there was an increasing interest in early detection of prodromal symptoms in schizophrenia and, more specifically, in detecting subjects at high risk for psychosis. However, especially in case of childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS), sometimes it is possible to don't recognize its early symptoms and to ascribe the observed clinical picture to other diseases, with consequent delay in diagnosis and treatment of these patients. In this case report we want to underline the importance of an early detection of schizophrenia, with a focus on differential diagnosis between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and schizophrenia.
- Published
- 2012
32. [Early signs and symptoms before the psychotic onset. A study on the Duration of Untreated Illness (DUI) in a sample of patients with diagnosis of "non-affective psychotic disorders"].
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Bensi M, Armando M, Censi V, Aiello D, Fortes Lindau J, Cavaggioni G, Birchwood M, and Fiori Nastro P
- Subjects
- Adult, Age of Onset, Anxiety epidemiology, Depression epidemiology, Early Diagnosis, Feeding and Eating Disorders epidemiology, Female, Hospitals, Psychiatric, Humans, Institutionalization statistics & numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Obsessive Behavior epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Rome epidemiology, Social Isolation, Time Factors, Young Adult, Behavioral Symptoms epidemiology, Inpatients psychology, Psychotic Disorders diagnosis
- Abstract
Aims: The aims of the study are to evaluate, in the Italian context, the presence and clinical features of early prodromal symptoms before the psychotic onset and, most of all, the duration of the period between the first onset of any psychiatric symptom and the psychotic onset (Duration of Untreated Illness)., Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on a sample of 296 inpatients with a diagnosis of "non-affective psychosis" enrolled in "Villa dei Fiori" inpatients Clinic in Rome. The retrospective analysis was developed using clinical records and clinical interview with patients and their parents. The evaluation of the psychotic onset and of DUI was assessed with the PANSS (Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale)., Results: The mean DUI is 4.7 ± 4.4 years. We found a connection between DUI and early symptoms of psycosis: depressive symptoms (4.9; DS=5.0) were most frequently observed, followed by anxiety symptoms (5.1; DS=4.8), eating disorders (5.7; DS=3.0); obsessive symptoms (4.5; DS=3.6); social withdrawal (5.9; DS=4.9); psychotic like symptoms (2.6; DS=1.3). DUI resulted lower in psychotic like symptoms than in the depressive ones., Conclusion: In Italy DUI turn out to be much longer than in other Country where do exists specialized services for early intervention. For this reason seem to be necessary to explore the opportunity to develop also in Italy specialized services for adolescents and young adults at risk and at their psychotic onset.
- Published
- 2011
33. [Prevalence of Mood Disorders in a university students population].
- Author
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Lia C, Gallo V, Frassanito A, Cavaggioni G, and Lai E
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Mood Disorders diagnosis, Prevalence, Students, Universities, Young Adult, Mood Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Aims: To evaluate (i) the incidence of psychiatric disorders and (ii) the frequency of Mood Disorders diagnoses in a sample of 115 university students afferent to Sportello Counseling-Accoglienza Studenti "Fatti vivo!" of "Sapienza" University of Rome, between November 2008 and December 2010; to point out correlations with socio-demographic variables., Materials and Methods: The prevalence of Mood Disorders was evaluated with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I Disorders Clinical Version (SCID-I cv), drawn up by the counselor at first meeting. Each student completed a data collection from which investigates socio-demographic characteristics. A descriptive analysis was conducted and the associations between variables and Axis I diagnoses were investigated., Results: The overall mean age is 24.7 years. A DSM IV-TR Axis I Disorder was diagnosed in 26.9%, of which 45.2% is constituted by Mood Disorders (mean age of 25.7 years). Male students, the highest family members' mean age and the lowest regular studies (64% pursue a course of regular studies) seem to be characteristics of the subgroup of students with Mood Disorders diagnoses compared to the subgroups with other Axis I Disorders diagnoses. Moreover, the same subgroup most frequently recognizes as pathological its condition (78.6%) compared to the subgroup with other Axis I Disorders diagnoses (53.3%). Those differences, however, aren't statistically significant., Conclusions: The discovered percentage of Axis I diagnoses in general and Mood Disorders in particular could be considered representative of perceived unease degree in a population of university students. At the same time, the difficulty in identifying the early signs of uneasiness and in recognizing as pathological own condition interferes with and delays the awareness of the need of a psychological/psychiatric support and the expression of the help-seek.
- Published
- 2011
34. [Depressive and anxiety symptoms in a community sample of young adults and correlation with help-seeking behavior].
- Author
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Armando M, Dario C, Righetti V, Saba R, Cavaggioni G, Lia C, and Fiori Nastro P
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- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Young Adult, Anxiety psychology, Depression psychology, Patient Acceptance of Health Care psychology
- Abstract
Aims: To evaluate: (i) self-perceived stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms in a community sample of young adults; (ii) which elements have most impact on the development of mental disease; (iii) if high levels of mental disease are related to help-seeking behavior., Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on a sample of 1660 university students. The evaluation of the perceived stress was conducted using the Stress-Related Vulnerability Scale (SVS), the evaluation of depressive and anxiety symptoms with Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). A descriptive analysis of all the data collected was carried out and the principal links between variables and level of mental disease were detected. Finally the reasons for the failure to seek help were investigated., Results: Mean scores of BDI-II and BAI were respectively 10.9 (sigma = 8.3) and 11.4 (sigma = 9.4) and about 4% of the sample showed a pathological level of stress with the SVS. Female sex, non resident status and conflictual family climate were found to be more related with more severe anxious and depressive symptoms. Moreover, the latter ones were found to be strongly related with help-seeking behavior., Conclusion: In this sample mental disease associated with distress show a significant percentage. Higher level of anxiety and depressive symptoms are more related to perceived need for help and help-seeking behavior. Nevertheless the level of unexpressed help-seeking turn out to be high for multiple reason.
- Published
- 2010
35. [Diagnostic interpretation of depressive symptoms from a psychodynamic point of view].
- Author
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Brandizzi M, Fraietta S, Barbieri V, and Cavaggioni G
- Subjects
- Adult, Anxiety diagnosis, Depression diagnosis, Depression psychology, Depressive Disorder epidemiology, Depressive Disorder rehabilitation, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological methods, Male, Paranoid Disorders diagnosis, Personality Disorders diagnosis, Personality Inventory, Prevalence, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy methods, Psychotic Disorders diagnosis, Rome epidemiology, Sampling Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Depressive Disorder diagnosis, Depressive Disorder psychology
- Abstract
Aims: The principal aim of this study is: (i) to assess the rate of depressive disorders in a sample of patient in a psychotherapy service of the Department of Psychiatric Sciences and Psychological Medicine at the Sapienza University, Roma; (ii) to focus the psychopathological features of depressive patient through the SCL-90R scale; (iii) to evaluate the correlation between SCL-90R score and categorical diagnosis., Materials and Methods: The sample of this study includes 178 patients, who came to our service for a psychotherapy. The anamnestic and clinical information were collected for each patient. Each patient is submitted to the multidimensional scale SCL-90R in the curse of the first interview. A descriptive analysis of all the data collected was made and the principal links between SCL-90 R score and categorical diagnosis were detected., Results: About 46% of the patients were depressive disorders following the DSM-IVTR diagnostic criteria. About 70% of depressive patients have psychoticism pathological scores, 60% have paranoic pathological scores, 70% anxiety pathological scores and 60% interpersonal sensibility pathological scores. The depressive dimension was pathological in about 77% of anxious patient and in 87% of patient with personality disorders., Conclusions: The DSM.IVTR categorical psychiatric diagnosis might underestimate important psychopathological dimensions which are underline through a dimensional scale as the SCL-90R and through a psychodynamic diagnostic instrument.
- Published
- 2010
36. [Management of combined psychotherapy and pharmacological treatment. A 'cross sectional' study on a selected sample of psychiatrists].
- Author
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Armando M, Bensi M, Brandizzi M, and Cavaggioni G
- Subjects
- Combined Modality Therapy, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Mental Disorders drug therapy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mental Disorders therapy, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Psychiatry, Psychotherapy
- Abstract
Aims: The association between pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy is frequent. However doesn't exist any agreement or guide-line about the management of this combined therapy. Therefore we considered useful to evaluate which were the most frequent way of management of the combined therapy in a sample of 120 psychiatrists., Materials and Methods: A 10-items questionnaire finalized to explore the management way of the combined therapy was administered to a sample of 120 psychiatrists. A descriptive analysis of the data was made and the association between different variables was explored. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0., Results: 35% of the sample work as a private practitioner, 19.17% is involved in public health (CMHT'S). More than 50% of the sample consider the combined therapy as a effective. In the public field the combined treatment turn out to be the most utilized, opposite than in private practice. 75% of the sample manage alone the combined therapy, while 25% work in team with a colleague. 85% of the pharmacotherapy is utilized in psychosis with positive symptoms, followed by the mood disorder with psychotic symptoms. Neuroleptics are the most frequently prescribed drug., Conclusions: The combined therapy seems to be useful when coherently with the psychotherapy theory model. The pharmacological treatment should be utilized when strictly necessary and, if is possible, the combined therapy should be managed by one psychiatrist.
- Published
- 2009
37. [Depersonalization crisis: between acute anxiety and psychosis].
- Author
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Cavaggioni G and Armando M
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders psychology, Comorbidity, Depersonalization etiology, Depersonalization psychology, Depressive Disorder epidemiology, Depressive Disorder psychology, Emergencies, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Psychomotor Agitation epidemiology, Psychomotor Agitation psychology, Psychotic Disorders psychology, Psychotropic Drugs adverse effects, Psychotropic Drugs therapeutic use, Rome epidemiology, Young Adult, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Depersonalization epidemiology, Emergency Service, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Inpatients psychology, Outpatient Clinics, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Outpatients psychology, Psychiatric Department, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Psychotic Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Aims: The depersonalization is a clinical condition of frequent observation that occurs often in the late adolescence and among the young adults. This condition most of the time causes anguish justified from the gravity of the symptomatic perception, involving consequently a series of clinical problems, not last the answer that such condition generates in the observer: answer not only aware, that influences strongly the diagnostic interpretation and the therapeutic approach., Materials and Methods: We tried to investigate this clinical condition within a sample of 267 subjects, 120 of them examinated in our outpatients ambulatory of psychotherapy and 147 examinated in E.R. and in inpatients unit., Results: The percentage of patients with depersonalization, similarly to other studies, is quantitatively different in the two samples. However, what seems obvious is that if the differences for what concerns the frequency and the symptomatic intensity are rather marked, otherwise for what concerns the psychodinamic aspect the differences appears less sharp., Conclusions: This observation puts in evidence, on the model of many international studies about the latent psychosis, that in psychiatry at the seriousness of the psychodynamic and prognostic aspects not always corresponds the seriousness of the symptomatic aspects.
- Published
- 2008
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