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The effectiveness of a new levo-norgestrel releasing intrauterine device is assessed in fourteen patients with histologically confirmed hyperplastic lesions of the endometrial mucosa. The morphologic response of the hyperplastic endometria to the action of the levo-norgestrel in this study explains the regression of the cases so treated.

The new methods for in vitro fertilization and GIFT induced the authors to carry out a retrospective survey on microbiological investigations done on 820 patients (641 women and 179 men) affected with genital infections and 62 newborns hospitalized during the period 1980-1986 to the aim of studying the prevalence of the various microorganisms responsible for sexually transmitted diseases in our area. The biological material obtained from men gave positive results less frequently than that obtained from women (p less than 0.001) although the prevalence of "significant" microorganisms isolated from the same material was overlapping for both sexes (p greater than 0.5). Chlamydia trachomatis positive samples were rare in men (6.1%) as well as in women (4.2%); in one case C. trachomatis was contemporaneously observed in the auricular swab of a newborn and from the cervical swab of the mother. Herpes Simplex virus positive samples were observed in 4 (11.8%) out of 36 women only. This study confirms the usefulness of the microbiological investigation before undertaking attempts for in vitro fertilization.

12 couples, with infertility due to male subfertility, female antisperm isoimmunization, male antisperm autoimmunization, cervical mucus insufficiency or unexplained infertility underwent intrauterine A.I.H. with capacitated sperm and controlled ovarian stimulation. The pregnancy percentage was of 41.6% per woman treated and of 31.2% per treatment cycle; five pregnancies were obtained, of which two resulted in abortions. Five cases of oligoasthenospermia were treated, three severe and two moderate; two pregnancies occurred in the former and one in the latter. S.I.T. and S.I.T.-cap. were performed on the serum, and Micro-S.I.T. and Micro-S.I.T.-cap. on the cervical mucus in order to exclude the possibility that intrauterine A.I.H. with capacitated sperm might have caused capacitated or non-capacitated antisperm immunization. Intrauterine A.I.H. would seem to be a useful alternative to G.I.F.T. and to I.V.F./E.T. or at least a technique which should be performed before these two in cases of infertility not caused by female organic pelvic disease; it is cheap, simple and extremely well-accepted by the patient.

A case of cervical carcinoma in situ with superficial spread to the endometrium is presented. The role of endometrial cytology in the diagnosis of such neoplastic diffusion spread is emphasized.

Microbiological investigations were carried out on two groups of men and women--a) with genital non gonococcal pathology and--b) in infertile/sterile people of the same sex and age (mean age 28.4 y) with the aim to document in them the prevalence of various microorganisms particularly of Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma and Chlamydia trachomatis as aetiological agent of their pathology. Serum antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis were also studied by microimmunofluorescence, immunoperoxidase and ELISA methods in the same population in comparison with apparently healthy blood donors of the same sex and age as control. Finally, 56 infertile/sterile couples were included in this study to investigate the possible role of Chl. trachomatis. Various microorganisms were isolated more frequently from women of the group b) (45.5%-22.9% respectively p less than 0.01). Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma in comparison with Chl. trachomatis were prevalent in all groups investigated (p less than 0.01). Infertile/sterile women had higher anti Chl. trachomatis antibodies than did women with genital non gonococcal pathology or women of the control group (p less than 0.01). Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma strains were isolated from infertile/sterile couples more frequently than Chl. trachomatis but the women of these couples had high titres (greater than 128) of anti Chl. trachomatis antibodies. Finally, IgA as well as IgG anti Chl. trachomatis antibodies were demonstrated in two out of nine peritoneal fluid samples obtained from women affected by PID. In one case, a pregnancy underwent after an ad hoc therapy of the two partners from whom two Ureaplasma strains were isolated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

52 patients with septate uterus underwent hysteroscopic metroplasty in the Obstetric and Gynecologic Clinic "R" in Palermo. In this group of patients ultrasound examinations were also performed in order to define their role in diagnosis of type of malformations and in monitoring the endoscopic surgical procedure. Preliminary results seem to indicate that real-time ultrasound is a reliable technique for both purposes.