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1. Calibration of the liquid argon ionization response to low energy electronic and nuclear recoils with DarkSide-50

Author

The DarkSide collaboration, Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonivento, W. M., Bottino, B., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., D'Incecco, M., Dionisi, C., Dordei, F., Downing, M., D'Urso, D., Fiorillo, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Ghiano, C., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulino, M., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hosseini, B., Hubaut, F., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kochanek, I., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Longo, G., Machulin, I. N., Mapelli, L. P., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Morrocchi, M., Mougeot, X., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nozdrina, A. O., Oleinik, A., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Picciau, E., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Poudel, S. S., Pralavorio, P., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Rode, J., Romani, A., Sablone, D., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stracka, S., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Unzhakov, E. V., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, M. M., Xiao, X., Yang, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

DarkSide-50 has demonstrated the high potential of dual-phase liquid argon time projection chambers in exploring interactions of WIMPs in the GeV/c$^2$ mass range. The technique, based on the detection of the ionization signal amplified via electroluminescence in the gas phase, allows to explore recoil energies down to the sub-keV range. We report here on the DarkSide-50 measurement of the ionization yield of electronic recoils down to $\sim$180~eV$_{er}$, exploiting $^{37}$Ar and $^{39}$Ar decays, and extrapolated to a few ionization electrons with the Thomas-Imel box model. Moreover, we present a model-dependent determination of the ionization response to nuclear recoils down to $\sim$500~eV$_{nr}$, the lowest ever achieved in liquid argon, using \textit{in situ} neutron calibration sources and external datasets from neutron beam experiments., Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures, 1 table

Published
2021
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2. A study of events with photoelectric emission in the DarkSide-50 liquid argon Time Projection Chamber

Author

Collaboration, The DarkSide-50, Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonivento, W. M., Bottino, B., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Chepurnov, A., Cicalo, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., D'Incecco, M., Dionisi, C., Dordei, F., Downing, M., D'Urso, D., Fiorillo, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Ghiano, C., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulino, M., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hosseini, B., Hubaut, F., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kochanek, I., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Longo, G., Machulin, I. N., Mapelli, L. P., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Morrocchi, M., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nozdrina, A. O., Oleinik, A., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Picciau, E., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Poudel, S. S., Pralavorio, P., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Rode, J., Romani, A., Sablone, D., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stracka, S., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Unzhakov, E. V., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, Ma. M., Xiao, X., Yang, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Finding unequivocal evidence of dark matter interactions in a particle detector is a major objective of physics research. Liquid argon time projection chambers offer a path to probe Weakly Interacting Massive Particles scattering cross sections on nucleus down to the so-called neutrino floor, in a mass range from few GeV's to hundredths of TeV's. Based on the successful operation of the DarkSide-50 detector at LNGS, a new and more sensitive experiment, DarkSide-20k, has been designed and is now under construction. A thorough understanding of the DarkSide-50 detector response and, therefore, of all kind of observed events, is essential for an optimal design of the new experiment. In this paper, we report on a particular set of events, which were not used for dark matter searches. Namely, standard two-pulse scintillation-ionization signals accompanied by a small amplitude third pulse, originating from single or few electrons, in a time window of less than a maximum drift time. We compare our findings to those of a recent paper of the LUX Collaboration (D.S.Akerib et al. Phys.Rev.D 102, 092004). Indeed, both experiments observe events related to photoionization of the cathode. From the measured rate of these events, we estimate for the first time the quantum efficiency of the tetraphenyl butadiene deposited on the DarkSide-50 cathode at wavelengths around 128 nm, in liquid argon. Also, both experiments observe events likely related to photoionization of impurities in the liquid. The probability of photoelectron emission per unit length turns out to be one order of magnitude smaller in DarkSide-50 than in LUX. This result, together with the much larger measured electron lifetime, coherently hints toward a lower concentration of contaminants in DarkSide-50 than in LUX., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 table

Published
2021

3. Performance of the ReD TPC, a novel double-phase LAr detector with Silicon Photomultiplier Readout

Author

Agnes, P., Albergo, S., Albuquerque, I., Arba, M., Ave, M., Boiano, A., Bonivento, W. M., Bottino, B., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Cappello, G., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Castellano, S., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cereseto, R., Cesarano, R., Cicalò, C., Covone, G., de Candia, A., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., Davini, S., Dionisi, C., Dolganov, G., Fiorillo, G., Franco, D., Giovanetti, G. K., Galbiati, C., Gulino, M., Ippolito, V., Kemmerich, N., Kochanek, I., Korga, G., Kuss, M., La Commara, M., La Delfa, L., Leyton, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Mari, S. M., Martoff, C. J., Masone, V., Matteucci, G., Musico, P., Oleynikov, V., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Razeto, A., Rescigno, M., Rode, J., Rossi, N., Sablone, D., Sanfilippo, S., Scapparone, E., Sosa, A., Suvorov, Y., Testera, G., Tricomi, A., Tuveri, M., Wada, M., Wang, H., Wang, Y., and Westerdale, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

A double-phase argon Time Projection Chamber (TPC), with an active mass of 185 g, has been designed and constructed for the Recoil Directionality (ReD) experiment. The aim of the ReD project is to investigate the directional sensitivity of argon-based TPCs via columnar recombination to nuclear recoils in the energy range of interest (20-200 keV$_{nr}$) for direct dark matter searches. The key novel feature of the ReD TPC is a readout system based on cryogenic Silicon Photomultipliers, which are employed and operated continuously for the first time in an argon TPC. Over the course of six months, the ReD TPC was commissioned and characterised under various operating conditions using $\gamma$-ray and neutron sources, demonstrating remarkable stability of the optical sensors and reproducibility of the results. The scintillation gain and ionisation amplification of the TPC were measured to be $g_1 = (0.194 \pm 0.013)$ PE/photon and $g_2 = (20.0 \pm 0.9)$ PE/electron, respectively. The ratio of the ionisation to scintillation signals (S2/S1), instrumental for the positive identification of a candidate directional signal induced by WIMPs, has been investigated for both nuclear and electron recoils. At a drift field of 183 V/cm, an S2/S1 dispersion of 12% was measured for nuclear recoils of approximately 60-90 keV$_{nr}$, as compared to 18% for electron recoils depositing 60 keV of energy. The detector performance reported here meets the requirements needed to achieve the principal scientific goals of the ReD experiment in the search for a directional effect due to columnar recombination. A phenomenological parameterisation of the recombination probability in LAr is presented and employed for modeling the dependence of scintillation quenching and charge yield on the drift field for electron recoils between 50-500 keV and fields up to 1000 V/cm., Comment: 19 pages, 19 figures, prepared for submission to EPJ C

Published
2021
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4. Separating $^{39}$Ar from $^{40}$Ar by cryogenic distillation with Aria for dark matter searches

Author

DarkSide Collaboration, Agnes, P., Albergo, S., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alici, A., Alton, A. K., Amaudruz, P., Arba, M., Arpaia, P., Arcelli, S., Ave, M., Avetissov, I. Ch., Avetisov, R. I., Azzolini, O., Back, H. O., Balmforth, Z., Barbarian, V., Olmedo, A. Barrado, Barrillon, P., Basco, A., Batignani, G., Bondar, A., Bonivento, W. M., Borisova, E., Bottino, B., Boulay, M. G., Buccino, G., Bussino, S., Busto, J., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Caminata, A., Canesi, E. V., Canci, N., Cappello, G., Caravati, M., C, M., Cargioli, N., Carlini, M., Carnesecchi, F., Castello, P., Castellani, A., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Cebrian, S., Ruiz, J. M. Cela, Celano, B., Chashin, S., Chepurnov, A., Cical, C., Cifarelli, L., Cintas, D., Coccetti, F., Cocco, V., Colocci, M., Vilda, E. Conde, Consiglio, L., Copello, S., Corning, J., Covone, G., Czudak, P., D'Aniello, M., D'Auria, S., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Dadoun, O., Daniel, M., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Falco, A., De Filippis, G., De Gruttola, D., De Guido, G., De Rosa, G., Della Valle, M., Dellacasa, G., De Pasquale, S., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Noto, L., Di Eusanio, F., Dionisi, C., Di Stefano, P., Dolganov, G., Dongiovanni, D., Dordei, F., Downing, M., Erjavec, T., Falciano, S., Farenzena, S., Diaz, M. Fernandez, Filip, C., Fiorillo, G., Franceschi, A., Franco, D., Frolov, E., Funicello, N., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Garbini, M., Abia, P. Garcia, Gendotti, A., Ghiano, C., Giampaolo, R. A., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M. A., Giovanetti, G. K., Gligan, M. L., Casanueva, V. Goicoechea, Gola, A., Goretti, A. M., Diaz, R. Graciani, Grigoriev, G. Y., Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guerzoni, M., Guetti, M., Gulino, M., Guo, C., Hackett, B. R., Hallin, A., Haranczyk, M., Hill, S., Horikawa, S., Hubaut, F., Hugues, T., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., James, C. C., Jillings, C., Kachru, P., Kemp, A. A., Kendziora, C. L., Keppel, G., Khomyakov, A. V., Kim, S., Kish, A., Kochanek, I., Kondo, K., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kugathasan, R., Kuss, M., Kuźniak, M., La Commara, M., La Delfa, L., La Grasta, D., Lai, M., Lami, N., Langrock, S., Leyton, M., Li, X., Lidey, L., Lippi, F., Lissia, M., Longo, G., Maccioni, N., Machulin, I. N., Mapelli, L., Marasciulli, A., Margotti, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Marinelli, M., Mart, M., Rojas, A. D. Martinez, Martini, A., Martoff, C. J., Mascia, M., Masetto, M., Masoni, A., Mazzi, A., McDonald, A. B., Mclaughlin, J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Miola, R., Moggi, A., Moharana, A., Moioli, S., Monroe, J., Morisi, S., Morrocchi, M., Mozhevitina, E. N., Mr, T., Muratova, V. N., Murenu, A., Muscas, C., Musenich, L., Musico, P., Nania, R., Napolitano, T., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nessi, M., Nikulin, I., Nowak, J., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmas, S., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Paternoster, G., Pegoraro, P. A., Pellegrini, L. A., Pellegrino, C., Pelczar, K., Perotti, F., Pesudo, V., Picciau, E., Pietropaolo, F., Pinna, T., Pocar, A., Podda, P., Poehlmann, D. M., Pordes, S., Poudel, S. S., Pralavorio, P., Price, D., Raffaelli, F., Ragusa, F., Ramirez, A., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Renshaw, A. L., Rescia, S., Rescigno, M., Resnati, F., Retiere, F., Rignanese, L. P., Ripoli, C., Rivetti, A., Rode, J., Romero, L., Rossi, M., Rubbia, A., Rucaj, M., Sabiu, G. M., Salatino, P., Samoylov, O., S, E., Sandford, E., Sanfilippo, S., Sangiorgio, V. A., Santacroce, V., Santone, D., Santorelli, R., Santucci, A., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schlitzer, B., Scioli, G., Semenov, D. A., Shaw, B., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Simeone, M., Skensved, P., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Smith, B., Sokolov, A., Stefanizzi, R., Steri, A., Stracka, S., Strickland, V., Stringer, M., Sulis, S., Suvorov, Y., Szelc, A. M., Zsücs-Balázs, J. Z., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Thorpe, T. N., Tonazzo, A., Torres-Lara, S., Tosti, S., Tricomi, A., Tuveri, M., Unzhakov, E. V., Usai, G., John, T. Vallivilayil, Vescovi, S., Viant, T., Viel, S., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Wheadon, R. J., Williams, L., Wojcik, Ma. M., Wojcik, Ma., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Zani, A., Zenobio, F., Zichichi, A., Zuzel, G., and Zykova, M. P.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Aria project consists of a plant, hosting a 350 m cryogenic isotopic distillation column, the tallest ever built, which is currently in the installation phase in a mine shaft at Carbosulcis S.p.A., Nuraxi-Figus (SU), Italy. Aria is one of the pillars of the argon dark-matter search experimental program, lead by the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration. Aria was designed to reduce the isotopic abundance of $^{39}$Ar, a $\beta$-emitter of cosmogenic origin, whose activity poses background and pile-up concerns in the detectors, in the argon used for the dark-matter searches, the so-called Underground Argon (UAr). In this paper, we discuss the requirements, design, construction, tests, and projected performance of the plant for the isotopic cryogenic distillation of argon. We also present the successful results of isotopic cryogenic distillation of nitrogen with a prototype plant, operating the column at total reflux.

Published
2021
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5. Sensitivity of future liquid argon dark matter search experiments to core-collapse supernova neutrinos

Author

Agnes, P., Albergo, S., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alici, A., Alton, A. K., Amaudruz, P., Arcelli, S., Ave, M., Avetissov, I. Ch., Avetisov, R. I., Azzolini, O., Back, H. O., Balmforth, Z., Barbarian, V., Olmedo, A. Barrado, Barrillon, P., Basco, A., Batignani, G., Bondar, A., Bonivento, W. M., Borisova, E., Bottino, B., Boulay, M. G., Buccino, G., Bussino, S., Busto, J., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Cappello, G., Caravati, M., Cárdenas-Montes, M., Carlini, M., Carnesecchi, F., Castello, P., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Cebrian, S., Ruiz, J. M. Cela, Celano, B., Chashin, S., Chepurnov, A., Chyhyrynets, E, Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Cintas, D., Coccetti, F., Cocco, V., Colocci, M., Vilda, E. Conde, Consiglio, L., Copello, S., Corning, J., Covone, G., Czudak, P., D'Auria, S., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Dadoun, O., Daniel, M., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Falco, A., De Filippis, G., De Gruttola, D., De Guido, G., De Rosa, G., Della Valle, M., Dellacasa, G., De Pasquale, S., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Noto, L., Dionisi, C., Di Stefano, P., Dolganov, G., Dordei, F., Doria, L., Downing, M., Erjavec, T., Diaz, M. Fernandez, Fiorillo, G., Franceschi, A., Franco, D., Frolov, E., Funicello, N., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Garbini, M., Abia, P. Garcia, Gendotti, A., Ghiano, C., Giampaolo, R. A., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M. A., Giovanetti, G. K., Casanueva, V. Goicoechea, Gola, A., Diaz, R. Graciani, Grigoriev, G. Y., Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Guo, C., Hackett, B. R., Hallin, A., Haranczyk, M., Hill, S., Horikawa, S., Hubaut, F., Hugues, T., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., James, C. C., Jillings, C., Kachru, P., Kemp, A. A., Kendziora, C. L., Keppel, G., Khomyakov, A. V., Kim, S., Kish, A., Kochanek, I., Kondo, K., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kugathasan, R., Kuss, M., Kuźniak, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Langrock, S., Leyton, M., Li, X., Lidey, L., Lissia, M., Longo, G., Machulin, I. N., Mapelli, L., Marasciulli, A., Margotti, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martínez, M., Rojas, A. D. Martinez, Martoff, C. J., Masoni, A., Mazzi, A., McDonald, A. B., Mclaughlin, J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Moggi, A., Moharana, A., Moioli, S., Monroe, J., Morisi, S., Morrocchi, M., Mozhevitina, E. N., Mróz, T., Muratova, V. N., Muscas, C., Musenich, L., Musico, P., Nania, R., Napolitano, T., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nessi, M., Nikulin, I., Nowak, J., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Paternoster, G., Pegoraro, P. A., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Pellegrino, C., Perotti, F., Pesudo, V., Picciau, E., Pietropaolo, F., Pira, C., Pocar, A., Poehlmann, D. M., Pordes, S., Poudel, S. S., Pralavorio, P., Price, D., Raffaelli, F., Ragusa, F., Ramirez, A., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Renshaw, A. L., Rescia, S., Rescigno, M., Resnati, F., Retiere, F., Rignanese, L. P., Ripoli, C., Rivetti, A., Rode, J., Romero, L., Rossi, M., Rubbia, A., Salatino, P., Samoylov, O., García, E. Sánchez, Sandford, E., Sanfilippo, S., Santone, D., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schlitzer, B., Scioli, G., Semenov, D. A., Shaw, B., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Simeone, M., Skensved, P., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Smith, B., Sokolov, A., Steri, A., Stracka, S., Strickland, V., Stringer, M., Sulis, S., Suvorov, Y., Szelc, A. M., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Thorpe, T. N., Tonazzo, A., Torres-Lara, S., Tricomi, A., Unzhakov, E. V., Usai, G., John, T. Vallivilayil, Viant, T., Viel, S., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Wheadon, R. J., Williams, L., Wojcik, Ma. M., Wojcik, Ma., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zani, A., Zichichi, A., Zuzel, G., and Zykova, M. P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Future liquid-argon DarkSide-20k and ARGO detectors, designed for direct dark matter search, will be sensitive also to core-collapse supernova neutrinos, via coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. This interaction channel is flavor-insensitive with a high-cross section, enabling for a high-statistics neutrino detection with target masses of $\sim$50~t and $\sim$360~t for DarkSide-20k and ARGO, respectively. Thanks to the low-energy threshold of $\sim$0.5~keV$_{nr}$ achievable by exploiting the ionization channel, DarkSide-20k and ARGO have the potential to discover supernova bursts throughout our galaxy and up to the Small Magellanic Cloud, respectively, assuming a 11-M$_{\odot}$ progenitor star. We report also on the sensitivity to the neutronization burst, whose electron neutrino flux is suppressed by oscillations when detected via charged current and elastic scattering. Finally, the accuracies in the reconstruction of the average and total neutrino energy in the different phases of the supernova burst, as well as its time profile, are also discussed, taking into account the expected background and the detector response., Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures

Published
2020
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6. Effective field theory interactions for liquid argon target in DarkSide-50 experiment

Author

Collaboration, The DarkSide-50, Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W. M., Bottino, B., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., Davini, S., DeCandia, A., DeCecco, S., DeDeo, M., DeFilippis, G., DeRosa, G., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., DiEusanio, F., D'Incecco, M., DiPietro, G., Dionisi, C., Downing, M., D'Urso, D., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Ghiano, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulino, M., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hosseini, B., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, Al., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., Johnson, T. N., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kochanek, I., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., LaCommara, M., Lai, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Longo, G., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Monte, A., Morrocchi, M., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., NavrerAgasson, A., Nozdrina, A. O., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Picciau, E., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Poudel, S. S., Qian, H., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Sablone, D., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Stracka, S., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Waldrop, T. J., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We reanalize data collected with the DarkSide-50 experiment and recently used to set limits on the spin-independent interaction rate of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) on argon nuclei with an effective field theory framework. The dataset corresponds to a total (16660 $\pm$ 270) kg d exposure using a target of low-radioactivity argon extracted from underground sources. We obtain upper limits on the effective couplings of the 12 leading operators in the nonrelativistic systematic expansion. For each effective coupling we set constraints on WIMP-nucleon cross sections, setting upper limits between $2.4 \times 10^{-45} \, \mathrm{cm}^2$ and $2.3 \times 10^{-42} \, \mathrm{cm}^2$ (8.9 $\times 10^{-45} \, \mathrm{cm}^2$ and 6.0 $\times 10^{-42} \, \mathrm{cm}^2$) for WIMPs of mass of 100 $\mathrm{GeV/c^2}$ (1000 $\mathrm{GeV/c^2}$) at 90\% confidence level., Comment: Accepted by PRD

Published
2020

7. Design and construction of a new detector to measure ultra-low radioactive-isotope contamination of argon

Author

The DarkSide Collaboration, Aalseth, C. E., Abdelhakim, S., Acerbi, F., Agnes, P., Ajaj, R., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alici, A., Alton, A. K., Amaudruz, P., Ameli, F., Anstey, J., Antonioli, P., Arba, M., Arcelli, S., Ardito, R., Arnquist, I. J., Arpaia, P., Asner, D. M., Asunskis, A., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Olmedo, A. Barrado, Batignani, G., Bisogni, M. G., Bocci, V., Bondar, A., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Borisova, E., Bottino, B., Boulay, M. G., Bunker, R., Bussino, S., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cantini, C., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carnesecchi, F., Carpinelli, M., Castellani, A., Castello, P., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavazza, D., Cavuoti, S., Cebrian, S., Ruiz, J. M. Cela, Celano, B., Cereseto, R., Cheng, W., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Citterio, M., Cocco, A. G., Cocco, V., Colocci, M., Consiglio, L., Cossio, F., Covone, G., Crivelli, P., D'Antone, I., D'Incecco, M., D'Urso, D., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Dadoun, O., Daniel, M., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Falco, A., De Filippis, G., De Gruttola, D., De Guido, G., De Rosa, G., Dellacasa, G., Demontis, P., DePaquale, S., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Noto, L., Di Pietro, G., Di Stefano, P., Dionisi, C., Dolganov, G., Dordei, F., Downing, M., Edalatfar, F., Empl, A., Diaz, M. Fernandez, Ferri, A., Filip, C., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franceschi, A., Franco, D., Froudakis, G. E., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Abia, P. Garcia, Fora, D. Gascón, Gendotti, A., Ghiano, C., Ghisi, A., Giagu, S., Giampa, P., Giampaolo, R. A., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M. A., Giovanetti, G. K., Gligan, M. L., Gola, A., Gorchakov, O., Grab, M., Diaz, R. Graciani, Granato, F., Grassi, M., Grate, J. W., Grigoriev, G. Y., Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guerra, M. B. B., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Haaland, R. K., Hackett, B. R., Hallin, A., Harrop, B., Hoppe, E. W., Horikawa, S., Hosseini, B., Hubaut, F., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Ilyasov, A., Ippolito, V., Jillings, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kim, S., Kochanek, I., Kondo, K., Kopp, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kugathasan, R., Kuss, M., Kuźniak, M., La Commara, M., La Delfa, L., Lai, M., Langrock, S., Lebois, M., Lehnert, B., Levashko, N., Li, X., Liqiang, Q., Lissia, M., Lodi, G. U., Longo, G., Manzano, R. López, Lussana, R., Luzzi, L., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Marcante, M., Margotti, A., Mari, S. M., Mariani, M., Maricic, J., Marinelli, M., Marras, D., Martínez, M., Morales, J. J. Martínez, Rojas, A. D. Martinez, Martoff, C. J., Mascia, M., Mason, J., Masoni, A., Mazzi, A., McDonald, A. B., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Moggi, A., Moioli, S., Monroe, J., Morrocchi, M., Mroz, T., Mu, W., Muratova, V. N., Murphy, S., Muscas, C., Musico, P., Nania, R., Napolitano, T., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nessi, M., Nikulin, I., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmas, S., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Paternoster, G., Pavletcov, V., Pazzona, F., Peeters, S., Pegoraro, P. A., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Pellegrino, C., Pelliccia, N., Perotti, F., Pesudo, V., Picciau, E., Piemonte, C., Pietropaolo, F., Pocar, A., Pollman, T., Portaluppi, D., Poudel, S. S., Pralavorio, P., Price, D., Radics, B., Raffaelli, F., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Regazzoni, V., Regenfus, C., Renshaw, A. L., Rescia, S., Rescigno, M., Retiere, F., Rignanese, L. P., Rivetti, A., Romani, A., Romero, L., Rossi, N., Rubbia, A., Sablone, D., Sala, P., Salatino, P., Samoylov, O., García, E. Sánchez, Sanfilippo, S., Sant, M., Santone, D., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schlitzer, B., Scioli, G., Segreto, E., Seifert, A., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Siddhanta, S., Simeone, M., Singh, P. N., Skensved, P., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sobrero, G., Sokolov, A., Sotnikov, A., Stainforth, R., Steri, A., Stracka, S., Strickland, V., Suffritti, G. B., Sulis, S., Suvorov, Y., Szelc, A. M., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Thorpe, T., Tonazzo, A., Tosi, A., Tuveri, M., Unzhakov, E. V., Usai, G., Vacca, A., Vázquez-Jáuregui, E., Verducci, M., Viant, T., Viel, S., Villa, F., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Wahl, J., Walding, J. J., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Wheadon, R. J., Williams, R., Wilson, J., Wojcik, Marcin, Wojcik, Mariusz, Wu, S., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zuffa, M., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Large liquid argon detectors offer one of the best avenues for the detection of galactic weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) via their scattering on atomic nuclei. The liquid argon target allows exquisite discrimination between nuclear and electron recoil signals via pulse-shape discrimination of the scintillation signals. Atmospheric argon (AAr), however, has a naturally occurring radioactive isotope, $^{39}$Ar, a $\beta$ emitter of cosmogenic origin. For large detectors, the atmospheric $^{39}$Ar activity poses pile-up concerns. The use of argon extracted from underground wells, deprived of $^{39}$Ar, is key to the physics potential of these experiments. The DarkSide-20k dark matter search experiment will operate a dual-phase time projection chamber with 50 tonnes of radio-pure underground argon (UAr), that was shown to be depleted of $^{39}$Ar with respect to AAr by a factor larger than 1400. Assessing the $^{39}$Ar content of the UAr during extraction is crucial for the success of DarkSide-20k, as well as for future experiments of the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration (GADMC). This will be carried out by the DArT in ArDM experiment, a small chamber made with extremely radio-pure materials that will be placed at the centre of the ArDM detector, in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC) in Spain. The ArDM LAr volume acts as an active veto for background radioactivity, mostly $\gamma$-rays from the ArDM detector materials and the surrounding rock. This article describes the DArT in ArDM project, including the chamber design and construction, and reviews the background required to achieve the expected performance of the detector., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures. Corresponding author: E. S\'anchez Garc\'ia

Published
2020
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8. Measurement of the ion fraction and mobility of $^{218}$Po produced in $^{222}$Rn decays in liquid argon

Author

Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W. M., Bottino, B., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Chepurnov, A., Cicalo, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., D'Incecco, M., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Downing, M., D'Urso, D., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Ghiano, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulino, M., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hosseini, B., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, Al., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., Johnson, T. N., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kochanek, I., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Longo, G., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Monte, A., Morrocchi, M., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nozdrina, A. O., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Picciau, E., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Poudel, S. S., Qian, H., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Sablone, D., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Stracka, S., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Waldrop, T. J., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report measurements of the charged daughter fraction of $^{218}$Po as a result of the $^{222}$Rn alpha decay, and the mobility of $^{218}$Po$^+$ ions, using radon-polonium coincidences from the $^{238}$U chain identified in 532 live-days of DarkSide-50 WIMP-search data. The fraction of $^{218}$Po that is charged is found to be 0.37$\pm$0.03 and the mobility of $^{218}$Po$^+$ is (8.6$\pm$0.1)$\times$10$^{-4}$$\frac{\text{cm}^2}{\text{Vs}}$.

Published
2019
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9. Search for gamma-ray emission from the Sun during solar minimum with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, Z., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. ., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The hadronic interaction of cosmic rays with solar atmosphere can produce high energy gamma rays. The gamma-ray luminosity is correlated both with the flux of primary cosmic rays and the intensity of the solar magnetic field. The gamma rays below 200 GeV have been observed by $Fermi$ without any evident energy cutoff. The bright gamma-ray flux above 100 GeV has been detected only during solar minimum. The only available data in TeV range come from the HAWC observations, however outside the solar minimum. The ARGO-YBJ dataset has been used to search for sub-TeV/TeV gamma rays from the Sun during the solar minimum from 2008 to 2010, the same time period covered by the Fermi data. A suitable model containing the Sun shadow, solar disk emission and inverse-Compton emission has been developed, and the chi-square minimization method was used to quantitatively estimate the disk gamma-ray signal. The result shows that no significant gamma-ray signal is detected and upper limits to the gamma-ray flux at 0.3$-$7 TeV are set at 95\% confidence level. In the low energy range these limits are consistent with the extrapolation of the Fermi-LAT measurements taken during solar minimum and are compatible with a softening of the gamma-ray spectrum below 1 TeV. They provide also an experimental upper bound to any solar disk emission at TeV energies. Models of dark matter annihilation via long-lived mediators predicting gamma-ray fluxes > $10^{-7}$ GeV $cm^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$ below 1 TeV are ruled out by the ARGO-YBJ limits.

Published
2019
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10. Galactic Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy in the Northern hemisphere from the ARGO-YBJ Experiment during 2008-2012

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Z. Y., Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruffolo, D., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

This paper reports on the observation of the sidereal large-scale anisotropy of cosmic rays using data collected by the ARGO-YBJ experiment over 5 years (2008$-$2012). This analysis extends previous work limited to the period from 2008 January to 2009 December,near the minimum of solar activity between cycles 23 and 24.With the new data sample the period of solar cycle 24 from near minimum to maximum is investigated. A new method is used to improve the energy reconstruction, allowing us to cover a much wider energy range, from 4 to 520 TeV. Below 100 TeV, the anisotropy is dominated by two wide regions, the so-called "tail-in" and "loss-cone" features. At higher energies, a dramatic change of the morphology is confirmed. The yearly time dependence of the anisotropy is investigated. Finally, no noticeable variation of cosmic-ray anisotropy with solar activity is observed for a median energy of 7 TeV.

Published
2018
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11. Low-Mass Dark Matter Search with the DarkSide-50 Experiment

Author

The DarkSide Collaboration, Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Araujo, G. R., Asner, D. M., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bottino, B., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Cereseto, R., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., D'Urso, D., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., De Vincenzi, M., Demontis, P., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Downing, M., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Abia, P. Garcia, Ghiano, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulino, M., Hackett, B. R., Hassanshahi, M. H., Herner, K., Hosseini, B., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, Al., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., James, I., Johnson, T. N., Kahn, Y., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kochanek, I., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Li, X., Lisanti, M., Lissia, M., Loer, B., Longo, G., Ma, Y., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Mishra-Sharma, S., Monte, A., Morrocchi, M., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Nania, R., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nozdrina, A. O., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Pazzona, F., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Pesudo, V., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Poudel, S. S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Sablone, D., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Sant, M., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Stracka, S., Suffritti, G. B., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Waldrop, T. J., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, M. M., Wojcik, M., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zhu, C., Zichichi, A., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results of a search for dark matter WIMPs in the mass range below 20 GeV/c^2 using a target of low-radioactivity argon. The data were obtained using the DarkSide-50 apparatus at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS). The analysis is based on the ionization signal, for which the DarkSide-50 time projection chamber is fully efficient at 0.1 keVee. The observed rate in the detector at 0.5 keVee is about 1.5 events/keVee/kg/day and is almost entirely accounted for by known background sources. We obtain a 90% C.L. exclusion limit above 1.8 GeV/c^2 for the spin-independent cross section of dark matter WIMPs on nucleons, extending the exclusion region for dark matter below previous limits in the range 1.8-6 GeV/c^2., Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures; submission accepted by journal

Published
2018
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12. DarkSide-50 532-day Dark Matter Search with Low-Radioactivity Argon

Author

The DarkSide Collaboration, Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Araujo, G. R., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bottino, B., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., D'Urso, D., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., De Vincenzi, M., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Downing, M., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fitzpatrick, R. S., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Ghiano, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulino, M., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hosseini, B., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., James, I., Johnson, T. N., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kochanek, I., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Longo, G., Ma, Y., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Monte, A., Morrocchi, M., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nozdrina, A. O., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Poudel, S. S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Sablone, D., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Stracka, S., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Waldrop, T. J., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The DarkSide-50 direct-detection dark matter experiment is a dual-phase argon time projection chamber operating at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. This paper reports on the blind analysis of a (16,660+-270) kg d exposure using a target of low-radioactivity argon extracted from underground sources. We find no events in the dark matter selection box and set a 90% C.L. upper limit on the dark matter-nucleon spin-independent cross section of 1.14E-44 cm^2 (3.78E-44 cm^2, 3.43E-43 cm^2) for a WIMP mass of 100 GeV/c^2 (1 TeV/c^2, 10 TeV/c^2)., Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures. V3 changes: updates for clarity for publication, additional figure

Published
2018
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13. Constraints on Sub-GeV Dark Matter-Electron Scattering from the DarkSide-50 Experiment

Author

The DarkSide Collaboration, Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Araujo, G. R., Asner, D. M., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bottino, B., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Cereseto, R., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., D'Urso, D., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., De Vincenzi, M., Demontis, P., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Downing, M., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Abia, P. Garcia, Ghiano, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulino, M., Hackett, B. R., Hassanshahi, M. H., Herner, K., Hosseini, B., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, Al., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., James, I., Johnson, T. N., Kahn, Y., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kochanek, I., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Li, X., Lisanti, M., Lissia, M., Loer, B., Longo, G., Ma, Y., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Mishra-Sharma, S., Monte, A., Morrocchi, M., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Nania, R., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nozdrina, A. O., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Pazzona, F., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Pesudo, V., Picciau, E., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Poudel, S. S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Sablone, D., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Sant, M., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Stracka, S., Suffritti, G. B., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Waldrop, T. J., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, M. M., Wojcik, M., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zhu, C., Zichichi, A., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present new constraints on sub-GeV dark matter particles scattering off electrons in argon based on an analysis of ionization signal data from the DarkSide-50 detector., Comment: replaced with published version

Published
2018
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14. Electroluminescence pulse shape and electron diffusion in liquid argon measured in a dual-phase TPC

Author

Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Asner, D. M., Ave, M. P., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Chepurnov, A., Cicalo, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., D'Urso, D., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., De Vincenzi, M., Demontis, P., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Edkins, E., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardinbcerri, Y., Gulino, M., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., James, I., Johnson, T. N., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Loer, B., Longo, G., Ma, Y., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Monte, A., Morrocchi, M., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nozdrina, A., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Pazzona, F., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Qian, H., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Sablone, D., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Sant, M., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Sheshukov, A., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suffritti, G. B., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Waldrop, T. J., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report the measurement of the longitudinal diffusion constant in liquid argon with the DarkSide-50 dual-phase time projection chamber. The measurement is performed at drift electric fields of 100 V/cm, 150 V/cm, and 200 V/cm using high statistics $^{39}$Ar decays from atmospheric argon. We derive an expression to describe the pulse shape of the electroluminescence signal (S2) in dual-phase TPCs. The derived S2 pulse shape is fit to events from the uppermost portion of the TPC in order to characterize the radial dependence of the signal. The results are provided as inputs to the measurement of the longitudinal diffusion constant DL, which we find to be (4.12 $\pm$ 0.04) cm$^2$/s for a selection of 140keV electron recoil events in 200V/cm drift field and 2.8kV/cm extraction field. To study the systematics of our measurement we examine datasets of varying event energy, field strength, and detector volume yielding a weighted average value for the diffusion constant of (4.09 $\pm$ 0.09) cm$^2$ /s. The measured longitudinal diffusion constant is observed to have an energy dependence, and within the studied energy range the result is systematically lower than other results in the literature.

Published
2018
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15. Observation of the thunderstorm-related ground cosmic ray flux variations by ARGO-YBJ

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Amone, A. D, Luobu, Danzeng, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Ren, Labaci, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Ren, Zhaxici, Zhu, Zhaxisang, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Alessandro, F. D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

A correlation between the secondary cosmic ray flux and the near-earth electric field intensity, measured during thunderstorms, has been found by analyzing the data of the ARGO-YBJ experiment, a full coverage air shower array located at the Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Laboratory (4300 m a. s. l., Tibet, China). The counting rates of showers with different particle multiplicities, have been found to be strongly dependent upon the intensity and polarity of the electric field measured during the course of 15 thunderstorms. In negative electric fields (i.e. accelerating negative charges downwards), the counting rates increase with increasing electric field strength. In positive fields, the rates decrease with field intensity until a certain value of the field EFmin (whose value depends on the event multiplicity), above which the rates begin increasing. By using Monte Carlo simulations, we found that this peculiar behavior can be well described by the presence of an electric field in a layer of thickness of a few hundred meters in the atmosphere above the detector, which accelerates/decelerates the secondary shower particles of opposite charge, modifying the number of particles with energy exceeding the detector threshold. These results, for the first time, give a consistent explanation for the origin of the variation of the electron/positron flux observed for decades by high altitude cosmic ray detectors during thunderstorms., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures. The paper has been accepted by PRD

Published
2017
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16. Measurement of the ion fraction and mobility of 218Po produced in 222Rn decays in liquid argon

Author

Agnes, P, Albuquerque, IFM, Alexander, T, Alton, AK, Ave, M, Back, HO, Batignani, G, Biery, K, Bocci, V, Bonfini, G, Bonivento, WM, Bottino, B, Bussino, S, Cadeddu, M, Cadoni, M, Calaprice, F, Caminata, A, Canci, N, Candela, A, Caravati, M, Cariello, M, Carlini, M, Carpinelli, M, Catalanotti, S, Cataudella, V, Cavalcante, P, Cavuoti, S, Chepurnov, A, Cicalò, C, Cocco, AG, Covone, G, D'Angelo, D, Davini, S, De Candia, A, De Cecco, S, De Deo, M, De Filippis, G, De Rosa, G, Derbin, AV, Devoto, A, Di Eusanio, F, D'Incecco, M, Di Pietro, G, Dionisi, C, Downing, M, D'Urso, D, Edkins, E, Empl, A, Fiorillo, G, Fomenko, K, Franco, D, Gabriele, F, Galbiati, C, Ghiano, C, Giagu, S, Giganti, C, Giovanetti, GK, Gorchakov, O, Goretti, AM, Granato, F, Grobov, A, Gromov, M, Guan, M, Guardincerri, Y, Gulino, M, Hackett, BR, Herner, K, Hosseini, B, Hughes, D, Humble, P, Hungerford, EV, Ianni, A, Ippolito, V, Johnson, TN, Keeter, K, Kendziora, CL, Kochanek, I, Koh, G, Korablev, D, Korga, G, Kubankin, A, Kuss, M, La Commara, M, Lai, M, Li, X, Lissia, M, Longo, G, Machado, AA, Machulin, IN, Mandarano, A, Mapelli, L, Mari, SM, Maricic, J, Martoff, CJ, Messina, A, Meyers, PD, Milincic, R, Monte, A, and Morrocchi, M

Subjects
Dark Matter detectors, Noble liquid detectors, Time projection chambers, astro-ph.IM, physics.ins-det, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract

We report measurements of the charged daughter fraction of 218Po as a result of the 222Rn alpha decay, and the mobility of 218Po+ ions, using radon-polonium coincidences from the 238U chain identified in 532 live-days of DarkSide-50 WIMP-search data. The fraction of 218Po that is charged is found to be 0.37 ± 0.03 and the mobility of 218Po+ is (8.6 ± 0.1) × 10−4 cmVs2.

Published
2019

17. A study of events with photoelectric emission in the DarkSide-50 liquid argon Time Projection Chamber

Author

Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I.F.M., Alexander, T., Alton, A.K., Ave, M., Back, H.O., Batignani, G., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonivento, W.M., Bottino, B., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Caravati, M., Cargioli, N., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cocco, A.G., Covone, G., D’Angelo, D., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., Derbin, A.V., Devoto, A., D’Incecco, M., Dionisi, C., Dordei, F., Downing, M., D’Urso, D., Fiorillo, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Ghiano, C., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G.K., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A.M., Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Gulino, M., Hackett, B.R., Herner, K., Hosseini, B., Hubaut, F., Hungerford, E.V., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C.L., Kochanek, I., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Longo, G., Machulin, I.N., Mapelli, L.P., Mari, S.M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C.J., Messina, A., Meyers, P.D., Milincic, R., Morrocchi, M., Muratova, V.N., Musico, P., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nozdrina, A.O., Oleinik, A., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Picciau, E., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Poudel, S.S., Pralavorio, P., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Renshaw, A.L., Rescigno, M., Rode, J., Romani, A., Sablone, D., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Semenov, D.A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Skorokhvatov, M.D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stracka, S., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Unzhakov, E.V., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R.B., Wada, M., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, Ma.M., Xiao, X., Yang, C., and Zuzel, G.

Published
2022
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18. The Electronics, Trigger and Data Acquisition System for the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber of the DarkSide-50 Search for Dark Matter

Author

DarkSide Collaboration, Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Arisaka, K., Asner, D. M., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Brigatti, A., Brodsky, J., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cao, H., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Chepurnov, A., Cicaló, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., Crippa, L., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Davini, S., deCandia, A., DeCecco, S., DeDeo, M., DeFilippis, G., DeRosa, G., DeVincenzi, M., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., DiEusanio, F., Dionisi, C., DiPietro, G., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Forster, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiat, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grandi, L., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K. R., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, Aldo, Ianni, Andrea, James, I., Johnson, T. N., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kobychev, V., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Li, X., Lissia, M., Loer, B., Lombardi, P., Longo, G., Luitz, S., Ma, Y., Machado, A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Marini, L., Martoff, C. J., Meyers, P. D., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Montanari, D., Monte, A., Montuschi, M., Monzani, M. E., Mosteiro, P., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., NavrerAgasson, A., Nelson, A., Odrowsk, S., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pantic, E., Parmeggiano, S., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Randle, K., Ranucci, G., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rountree, S. D., Sablone, D., Saggese, P., Saldanha, R., Sands, W., Sangiorgio, S., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shields, E., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirno, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Tatarowicz, J., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Xu, J., Yang, C., Yoo, J., Zavatarelli, S., Zec, A., Zhong, W., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The DarkSide-50 experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso is a search for dark matter using a dual phase time projection chamber with 50 kg of low radioactivity argon as target. Light signals from interactions in the argon are detected by a system of 38 photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs), 19 above and 19 below the TPC volume inside the argon cryostat. We describe the electronics which processes the signals from the photo-multipliers, the trigger system which identifies events of interest, and the data-acquisition system which records the data for further analysis. The electronics include resistive voltage dividers on the PMTs, custom pre-amplifiers mounted directly on the PMT voltage dividers in the liquid argon, and custom amplifier/discriminators (at room temperature). After amplification, the PMT signals are digitized in CAEN waveform digitizers, and CAEN logic modules are used to construct the trigger, the data acquisition system for the TPC is based on the Fermilab "artdaq" software. The system has been in operation since early 2014., Comment: 24 pages

Published
2017
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19. DarkSide-20k: A 20 Tonne Two-Phase LAr TPC for Direct Dark Matter Detection at LNGS

Author

Aalseth, C. E., Acerbi, F., Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alici, A., Alton, A. K., Antonioli, P., Arcelli, S., Ardito, R., Arnquist, I. J., Asner, D. M., Ave, M., Back, H. O., Olmedo, A. I. Barrado, Batignani, G., Bertoldo, E., Bettarini, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bocci, V., Bondar, A., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Boulay, M., Bunker, R., Bussino, S., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cantini, C., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Castellani, A., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Cereseto, R., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Citterio, M., Cocco, A. G., Colocci, M., Corgiolu, S., Covone, G., Crivelli, P., D'Antone, I., D'Incecco, M., D'Urso, D., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Daniel, M., Davini, S., de Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Filippis, G., De Guido, G., De Rosa, G., Dellacasa, G., Della Valle, M., Demontis, P., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Dolgov, A., Dormia, I., Dussoni, S., Empl, A., Diaz, M. Fernandez, Ferri, A., Filip, C., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Froudakis, G. E., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Abia, P. Garcia, Gendotti, A., Ghisi, A., Giagu, S., Giampa, P., Gibertoni, G., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M. A., Giovanetti, G. K., Gligan, M. L., Gola, A., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grassi, M., Grate, J. W., Grigoriev, G. Y., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guerra, M. B. B., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Haaland, R. K., Hallin, A., Harrop, B., Hoppe, E. W., Horikawa, S., Hosseini, B., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Jillings, C., Johnson, T. N., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kim, S., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., Kuźniak, M., Lehnert, B., Li, X., Lissia, M., Lodi, G. U., Loer, B., Longo, G., Loverre, P., Lussana, R., Luzzi, L., Ma, Y., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Marcante, M., Margotti, A., Mari, S. M., Mariani, M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Mascia, M., Mayer, M., McDonald, A. B., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Moggi, A., Moioli, S., Monroe, J., Monte, A., Morrocchi, M., Mount, B. J., Mu, W., Muratova, V. N., Murphy, S., Musico, P., Nania, R., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nikulin, I., Nosov, V., Nozdrina, A. O., Nurakhov, N. N., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmas, S., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Paternoster, G., Pavletcov, V., Pazzona, F., Peeters, S., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Pelliccia, N., Perotti, F., Perruzza, R., Fortes, V. Pesudo, Piemonte, C., Pilo, F., Pocar, A., Pollmann, T., Portaluppi, D., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Radics, B., Raffaelli, F., Ragusa, F., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Regazzoni, V., Regenfus, C., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Retière, F., Riffard, Q., Rivetti, A., Rizzardini, S., Romani, A., Romero, L., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rubbia, A., Sablone, D., Salatino, P., Samoylov, O., García, E. Sánchez, Sands, W., Sant, M., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schlitzer, B., Scioli, G., Segreto, E., Seifert, A., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Shekhtman, L., Shemyakina, E., Sheshukov, A., Simeone, M., Singh, P. N., Skensved, P., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sobrero, G., Sokolov, A., Sotnikov, A., Speziale, F., Stainforth, R., Stanford, C., Suffritti, G. B., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Tosi, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Vacca, A., Vázquez-Jáuregui, E., Verducci, M., Viant, T., Villa, F., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Wahl, J., Walding, J., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Williams, R., Wojcik, M. M., Wu, S., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., de Llano, A. Yllera, Zappa, F., Zappalà, G., Zhu, C., Zichichi, A., Zullo, M., and Zullo, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Building on the successful experience in operating the DarkSide-50 detector, the DarkSide Collaboration is going to construct DarkSide-20k, a direct WIMP search detector using a two-phase Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) with an active (fiducial) mass of 23 t (20 t). The DarkSide-20k LArTPC will be deployed within a shield/veto with a spherical Liquid Scintillator Veto (LSV) inside a cylindrical Water Cherenkov Veto (WCV). Operation of DarkSide-50 demonstrated a major reduction in the dominant $^{39}$Ar background when using argon extracted from an underground source, before applying pulse shape analysis. Data from DarkSide-50, in combination with MC simulation and analytical modeling, shows that a rejection factor for discrimination between electron and nuclear recoils of $\gt3\times10^9$ is achievable. This, along with the use of the veto system, is the key to unlocking the path to large LArTPC detector masses, while maintaining an "instrumental background-free" experiment, an experiment in which less than 0.1 events (other than $\nu$-induced nuclear recoils) is expected to occur within the WIMP search region during the planned exposure. DarkSide-20k will have ultra-low backgrounds than can be measured in situ. This will give sensitivity to WIMP-nucleon cross sections of $1.2\times10^{-47}$ cm$^2$ ($1.1\times10^{-46}$ cm$^2$) for WIMPs of $1$ TeV$/c^2$ ($10$ TeV$/c^2$) mass, to be achieved during a 5 yr run producing an exposure of 100 t yr free from any instrumental background. DarkSide-20k could then extend its operation to a decade, increasing the exposure to 200 t yr, reaching a sensitivity of $7.4\times10^{-48}$ cm$^2$ ($6.9\times10^{-47}$ cm$^2$) for WIMPs of $1$ TeV$/c^2$ ($10$ TeV$/c^2$) mass.

Published
2017
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20. Simulation of argon response and light detection in the DarkSide-50 dual phase TPC

Author

The DarkSide Collaboration, Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Asner, D. M., Back, H. O., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Canci, N., Candela, A., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Chepurnov, A., Cicalo, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Davini, S., de Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Filippis, G., De Vincenzi, M., Derbin, A. V., De Rosa, G., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., James, I., Johnson, T. N., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Li, X., Lissia, M., Loer, B., Longo, G., Ma, Y., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Martoff, C. J., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Monte, A., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Napolitano, J., Agasson, A. Navrer, Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pantic, E., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Randle, K., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Sablone, D., Sands, W., Sanfilippo, S., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A Geant4-based Monte Carlo package named G4DS has been developed to simulate the response of DarkSide-50, an experiment operating since 2013 at LNGS, designed to detect WIMP interactions in liquid argon. In the process of WIMP searches, DarkSide-50 has achieved two fundamental milestones: the rejection of electron recoil background with a power of ~10^7, using the pulse shape discrimination technique, and the measurement of the residual 39Ar contamination in underground argon, ~3 orders of magnitude lower with respect to atmospheric argon. These results rely on the accurate simulation of the detector response to the liquid argon scintillation, its ionization, and electron-ion recombination processes. This work provides a complete overview of the DarkSide Monte Carlo and of its performance, with a particular focus on PARIS, the custom-made liquid argon response model., Comment: 29 pages, 23 figures, 1 table

Published
2017
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21. EAS age determination from the study of the lateral distribution of charged particles near the shower axis with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author

Collaboration, ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The ARGO-YBJ experiment, a full coverage extensive air shower (EAS) detector located at high altitude (4300 m a.s.l.) in Tibet, China, has smoothly taken data, with very high stability, since November 2007 to the beginning of 2013. The array consisted of a carpet of about 7000 m$^2$ Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) operated in streamer mode and equipped with both digital and analog readout, providing the measurement of particle densities up to few particles per cm$^2$. The unique detector features (full coverage, readout granularity, wide dynamic range, etc) and location (very high altitude) allowed a detailed study of the lateral density profile of charged particles at ground very close to the shower axis and its description by a proper lateral distribution function (LDF). In particular, the information collected in the first 10 m from the shower axis have been shown to provide a very effective tool for the determination of the shower development stage ("age") in the energy range 50 TeV - 10 PeV. The sensitivity of the age parameter to the mass composition of primary Cosmic Rays is also discussed.

Published
2017
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22. Cryogenic Characterization of FBK RGB-HD SiPMs

Author

Aalseth, C. E., Acerbi, F., Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alici, A., Alton, A. K., Ampudia, P., Antonioli, P., Arcelli, S., Ardito, R., Arnquist, I. J., Asner, D. M., Back, H. O., Batignani, G., Bertoldo, E., Bettarini, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bocci, V., Bondar, A., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Bunker, R., Bussino, S., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cantini, C., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Carpinelli, M., Castellani, A., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cereseto, R., Chen, Y., Chepurnov, A., Chiavassa, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Citterio, M., Cocco, A. G., Colocci, M., Corgiolu, S., Covone, G., Crivelli, P., D'Antone, I., D'Incecco, M., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Daniel, M., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Filippis, G., De Guido, G., De Rosa, G., Dellacasa, G., Demontis, P., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Dolgov, A., Dormia, I., Dussoni, S., Empl, A., Ferri, A., Filip, C., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Froudakis, G. E., Gabriele, F., Gabrieli, A., Galbiati, C., Abia, P. Garcia, Gendotti, A., Ghisi, A., Giagu, S., Gibertoni, G., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M., Giovanetti, G. K., Gligan, M. L., Gola, A., Gorchakov, O., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grassi, M., Grate, J. W., Grigoriev, G. Y., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guerra, M. B. B., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Haaland, R. K., Harrop, B., Hoppe, E. W., Horikawa, S., Hosseini, B., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Cabre, S. Jimenez, Johnson, T. N., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kim, S., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Kugathasan, R., Kuss, M., Li, X., Lissia, M., Lodi, G. U., Loer, B., Longo, G., Lussana, R., Luzzi, L., Ma, Y., Machado, A. A., Machulin, I. N., Mais, L., Mandarano, A., Mapelli, L., Marcante, M., Margotti, A., Mari, S. M., Mariani, M., Maricic, J., Marinelli, M., Marras, D., Martoff, C. J., Mascia, M., Messina, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Moggi, A., Moioli, S., Monasterio, S., Monroe, J., Monte, A., Morrocchi, M., Mu, W., Muratova, V. N., Murphy, S., Musico, P., Nania, R., Napolitano, J., Agasson, A. Navrer, Nikulin, I., Nosov, V., Nozdrina, A. O., Nurakhov, N. N., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmas, S., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Paternoster, G., Pavletcov, V., Pazzona, F., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Pelliccia, N., Perotti, F., Perruzza, R., Piemonte, C., Pilo, F., Pocar, A., Portaluppi, D., Poudel, S. S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Radics, B., Raffaelli, F., Ragusa, F., Randle, K., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Regazzoni, V., Regenfus, C., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Rivetti, A., Romani, A., Romero, L., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rubbia, A., Sablone, D., Salatino, P., Samoylov, O., Sands, W., Sant, M., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schlitzer, B., Scioli, G., Sechi, E., Segreto, E., Seifert, A., Semenov, D. A., Serci, S., Shchagin, A., Shekhtman, L., Shemyakina, E., Sheshukov, A., Simeone, M., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sobrero, G., Sokolov, A., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suffritti, G. B., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Tosi, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Vacca, A., Verducci, M., Viant, T., Villa, F., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Wahl, J., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Williams, R., Wojcik, M. M., Wu, S., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Yang, C., Ye, Z., Zappa, F., Zappalà, G., Zhu, C., Zichichi, A., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report on the cryogenic characterization of Red Green Blue - High Density (RGB-HD) SiPMs developed at Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) as part of the DarkSide program of dark matter searches with liquid argon time projection chambers. A dedicated setup was used to measure the primary dark noise, the correlated noise, and the gain of the SiPMs at varying temperatures. A custom-made data acquisition system and analysis software were used to precisely characterize these parameters. We demonstrate that FBK RGB-HD SiPMs with low quenching resistance (RGB-HD-LR$_q$) can be operated from 40 K to 300 K with gains in the range $10^5$ to $10^6$ and noise rates on the order of a few Hz/mm$^2$.

Published
2017
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23. Directional dark matter detection sensitivity of a two-phase liquid argon detector

Author

Cadeddu, M., Lissia, M., Agnes, P., Batignani, G., Bonivento, W. M., Bottino, B., Caravati, M., Cocco, A., Covone, G., de Candia, A., Catalanotti, S., Cataudella, V., Cicalo', C., De Filippis, G., De Rosa, G., Davini, S., Devoto, A., Dionisi, C., Franco, D., Giganti, C., Galbiati, C., Giagu, S., Gulino, M., Kuss, M., Lista, L., Longo, G., Navrer-Agasson, A., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Paoloni, E., Picciau, E., Razeti, M., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Testera, G., Trinchese, P., Tonazzo, A., Walker, S., and Fiorillo, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We examine the sensitivity of a large scale two-phase liquid argon detector to the directionality of the dark matter signal. This study was performed under the assumption that, above 50 keV of recoil energy, one can determine (with some resolution) the direction of the recoil nucleus without head-tail discrimination, as suggested by past studies that proposed to exploit the dependence of columnar recombination on the angle between the recoil nucleus direction and the electric field. In this paper we study the differential interaction recoil rate as a function of the recoil direction angle with respect to the zenith for a detector located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and we determine its diurnal and seasonal modulation. Using a likelihood-ratio based approach we show that, with the angular information alone, 100 events are enough to reject the isotropic hypothesis at three standard deviation level. For an exposure of 100 tonne years this would correspond to a spin independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of about 10^-46 cm^2 at 200 GeV WIMP mass. The results presented in this paper provide strong motivation for the experimental determination of directional recoil effects in two-phase liquid argon detectors., Comment: 16 pages, 14 figures. This new version matches the published version

Published
2017
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24. Search for Gamma Ray Bursts with the ARGO-YBJ Detector in Shower Mode

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Amone, A. D, Luobu, Danzeng, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Ren, Labaci, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Ren, Zhaxici, Zhu, Zhaxisang, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The ARGO-YBJ detector, located at the Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Laboratory (4300 m a. s. l., Tibet, China), was a full coverage air shower array dedicated to gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray studies. The wide field of view (~ 2 sr) and high duty cycle (> 86%), made ARGO-YBJ suitable to search for short and unexpected gamma ray emissions like gamma ray bursts (GRBs). Between 2007 November 6 and 2013 February 7, 156 satellite-triggered GRBs (24 of them with known redshift) occurred within the ARGO-YBJ field of view. A search for possible emission associated to these GRBs has been made in the two energy ranges 10-100 GeV and 10-1000 GeV. No significant excess has been found in time coincidence with the satellite detections nor in a time window of one hour after the bursts. Taking into account the EBL absorption, upper limits to the energy fluence at 99% of confidence level have been evaluated,with values ranging from ~ 10-5 erg cm-2 to ~10-1 erg cm-2., Comment: 24pages and 12 figures

Published
2017
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25. CALIS - a CALibration Insertion System for the DarkSide-50 dark matter search experiment

Author

Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Asner, D. M., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Brigatti, A., Brodsky, J., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadonati, L., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Canci, N., Candela, A., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Catalanotti, S., Cavalcante, P., Chepurnov, A., Cicalo, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Vincenzi, M., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Forster, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grandi, L., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, Al., Ianni, An., James, I., Johnson, T. N., Jollet, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Li, X., Lissia, M., Loer, B., Lombardi, P., Longo, G., Ma, Y., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Marini, L., Martoff, C. J., Meregaglia, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Miller, J. D., Montanari, D., Monte, A., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Napolitano, J., Agasson, A. Navrer, Odrowski, S., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pantic, E., Parmeggiano, S., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Randle, K., Ranucci, G., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rountree, D., Sablone, D., Saggese, P., Saldanha, R., Sands, W., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenova, D. A., Shields, E., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Tatarowicz, J., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, Xi., Xiao, X., Xu, J., Yang, C., Zec, A., Zhong, W., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

This paper describes the design, fabrication, commissioning and use of a CALibration source Insertion System (CALIS) in the DarkSide-50 direct dark matter search experiment. CALIS deploys radioactive sources into the liquid scintillator veto to characterize the detector response and detection efficiency of the DarkSide-50 Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber, and the surrounding 30 t organic liquid scintillator neutron veto. It was commissioned in September 2014 and has been used successfully in several gamma and neutron source campaigns since then. A description of the hardware and an excerpt of calibration analysis results are given below., Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures

Published
2016
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26. Effect of Low Electric Fields on Alpha Scintillation Light Yield in Liquid Argon

Author

Agnes, P., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Asner, D. M., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Biery, K., Bocci, V., Bonfini, G., Bonivento, W., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Brigatti, A., Brodsky, J., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Canci, N., Candela, A., Caravati, M., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Catalanotti, S., Cavalcante, P., Chepurnov, A., Cicalò, C., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Vincenzi, M., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Dionisi, C., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Forster, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Giagu, S., Giganti, C., Giovanetti, G. K., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hughes, D., Humble, P., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, A., James, I., Johnson, T. N., Jollet, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Li, X., Lissia, M., Loer, B., Lombardi, P., Longo, G., Ma, Y., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Marini, L., Martoff, C. J., Meregaglia, A., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Miller, J. D., Montanari, D., Monte, A., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Napolitano, J., Agasson, A. Navrer, Odrowski, S., Oleinik, A., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pantic, E., Parmeggiano, S., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Randle, K., Ranucci, G., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rountree, D., Sablone, D., Saggese, P., Sands, W., Savarese, C., Schlitzer, B., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shields, E., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Tatarowicz, J., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Verducci, M., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xiao, X., Xu, J., Yang, C., Zhong, W., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Measurements were made of scintillation light yield of alpha particles from the $^{222}$Rn decay chain within the DarkSide-50 liquid argon time projection chamber. The light yield was found to increase as the applied electric field increased, with alphas in a 200 V/cm electric field exhibiting a 2% increase in light yield compared to alphas in no field., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2016
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27. Contributions of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to the 6th International Symposium on High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (Gamma 2016)

Author

Consortium, The CTA, Abchiche, A., Abeysekara, U., Abril, Ó., Acero, F., Acharya, B. S., Adams, C., Agnetta, G., Aharonian, F., Akhperjanian, A., Albert, A., Alcubierre, M., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Allafort, A. J., Aloisio, R., Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Ambrogi, L., Ambrosi, G., Ambrosio, M., Anderson, J., Anduze, M., Angüner, E. O., Antolini, E., Antonelli, L. A., Antonucci, M., Antonuccio, V., Antoranz, P., Aramo, C., Aravantinos, A., Araya, M., Arcaro, C., Arezki, B., Argan, A., Armstrong, T., Arqueros, F., Arrabito, L., Arrieta, M., Asano, K., Ashley, M., Aubert, P., Singh, C. B., Babic, A., Backes, M., Bais, A., Bajtlik, S., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Balis, D., Balkowski, C., Ballester, O., Ballet, J., Balzer, A., Bamba, A., Bandiera, R., Barber, A., Barbier, C., Barcelo, M., Barkov, M., Barnacka, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Basso, S., Bastieri, D., Bauer, C., Becciani, U., Becherini, Y., Tjus, J. Becker, Beckmann, V., Bednarek, W., Benbow, W., Ventura, D. Benedico, Berdugo, J., Berge, D., Bernardini, E., Bernardini, M. G., Bernhard, S., Bernlöhr, K., Bertucci, B., Besel, M. -A., Beshley, V., Bhatt, N., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, W., Bhattachryya, S., Biasuzzi, B., Bicknell, G., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bilinsky, A., Bilnik, W., Biondo, B., Bird, R., Bird, T., Bissaldi, E., Bitossi, M., Blanch, O., Blasi, P., Blazek, J., Bockermann, C., Boehm, C., Bogacz, L., Bogdan, M., Bohacova, M., Boisson, C., Boix, J., Bolmont, J., Bonanno, G., Bonardi, A., Bonavolontà, C., Bonifacio, P., Bonnarel, F., Bonnoli, G., Borkowski, J., Bose, R., Bosnjak, Z., Böttcher, M., Bousquet, J. -J., Boutonnet, C., Bouyjou, F., Bowman, L., Braiding, C., Brantseg, T., Brau-Nogué, S., Bregeon, J., Briggs, M., Brigida, M., Bringmann, T., Brisken, W., Bristow, D., Britto, R., Brocato, E., Bron, S., Brook, P., Brooks, W., Brown, A. M., Brügge, K., Brun, F., Brun, P., Brunetti, G., Brunetti, L., Bruno, P., Buanes, T., Bucciantini, N., Buchholtz, G., Buckley, J., Bugaev, V., Bühler, R., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burton, M., Burtovoi, A., Busetto, G., Buson, S., Buss, J., Byrum, K., Cadoux, F., Tovar, J. Calvo, Cameron, R., Canelli, F., Canestrari, R., Capalbi, M., Capasso, M., Capobianco, G., Caproni, A., Caraveo, P., Cardenzana, J., Cardillo, M., Carius, S., Carlile, C., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carquín, E., Carr, J., Carroll, M., Carter, J., Carton, P. -H., Casandjian, J. -M., Casanova, S., Cascone, E., Casiraghi, M., Castellina, A., Mora, J. Castroviejo, Catalani, F., Catalano, O., Catalanotti, S., Cauz, D., Cavazzani, S., Cerchiara, P., Chabanne, E., Chadwick, P., Chaleil, T., Champion, C., Chatterjee, A., Chaty, S., Chaves, R., Chen, A., Chen, X., Cheng, K., Chernyakova, M., Chiappetti, L., Chikawa, M., Chinn, D., Chitnis, V. R., Cho, N., Christov, A., Chudoba, J., Cieślar, M., Ciocci, M. A., Clay, R., Colafrancesco, S., Colin, P., Colley, J. -M., Colombo, E., Colome, J., Colonges, S., Conforti, V., Connaughton, V., Connell, S., Conrad, J., Contreras, J. L., Coppi, P., Corbel, S., Coridian, J., Cornat, R., Corona, P., Corti, D., Cortina, J., Cossio, L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Courty, B., Covino, S., Covone, G., Crimi, G., Criswell, S. J., Crocker, R., Croston, J., Cuadra, J., Cumani, P., Cusumano, G., Da Vela, P., Dale, Ø., D'Ammando, F., Dang, D., Dang, V. T., Dangeon, L., Daniel, M., Davids, I., Dawson, B., Dazzi, F., Costa, B. de Aguiar, De Angelis, A., Cardoso, R. F. de Araujo, De Caprio, V., Anjos, R. de Cássia dos, De Cesare, G., De Franco, A., De Frondat, F., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, de la Calle, I., De Lisio, C., Lopez, R. de los Reyes, De Lotto, B., De Luca, A., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, de Naurois, M., Wilhelmi, E. de Oña, De Palma, F., De Persio, F., de Souza, V., Decock, G., Decock, J., Deil, C., Del Santo, M., Delagnes, E., Deleglise, G., Delgado, C., Delgado, J., della Volpe, D., Deloye, P., Detournay, M., Dettlaff, A., Devin, J., Di Girolamo, T., Di Giulio, C., Di Paola, A., Di Pierro, F., Diaz, M. A., Díaz, C., Dib, C., Dick, J., Dickinson, H., Diebold, S., Digel, S., Dipold, J., Disset, G., Distefano, A., Djannati-Ataï, A., Doert, M., Dohmke, M., Domínguez, A., Dominik, N., Dominique, J. -L., Prester, D. Dominis, Donat, A., Donnarumma, I., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Dournaux, J. -L., Downes, T., Doyle, K., Drake, G., Drappeau, S., Drass, H., Dravins, D., Drury, L., Dubus, G., Ducci, L., Dumas, D., Morå, K. Dundas, Durand, D., D'Urso, D., Dwarkadas, V., Dyks, J., Dyrda, M., Ebr, J., Edy, E., Egberts, K., Eger, P., Egorov, A., Einecke, S., Eisch, J., Eisenkolb, F., Eleftheriadis, C., Elsaesser, D., Elsässer, D., Emmanoulopoulos, D., Engelbrecht, C., Engelhaupt, D., Ernenwein, J. -P., Escarate, P., Eschbach, S., Espinoza, C., Evans, P., Fairbairn, M., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Falcone, A., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fantinel, D., Farakos, K., Farnier, C., Farrell, E., Fasola, G., Favre, Y., Fede, E., Fedora, R., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Ferenc, D., Fernandez-Alonso, M., Fernández-Barral, A., Ferrand, G., Ferreira, O., Fesquet, M., Fetfatzis, P., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipčič, A., Filipovic, M., Fink, D., Finley, C., Finley, J. P., Finoguenov, A., Fioretti, V., Fiorini, M., Fleischhack, H., Flores, H., Florin, D., Föhr, C., Fokitis, E., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fontaine, G., Fontes, B., Fornasa, M., Förster, A., Fortin, P., Fortson, L., Fouque, N., Franckowiak, A., Franco, F. J., Albuquerque, I. Freire Mota, Coromina, L. Freixas, Fresnillo, L., Fruck, C., Fuessling, M., Fugazza, D., Fujita, Y., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukuda, T., Fukui, Y., Funk, S., Furniss, A., Gäbele, W., Gabici, S., Gadola, A., Galindo, D., Gall, D. D., Gallant, Y., Galloway, D., Gallozzi, S., Galvez, J. A., Gao, S., Garcia, A., Garcia, B., Gil, R. García, López, R. Garcia, Garczarczyk, M., Gardiol, D., Gargano, C., Gargano, F., Garozzo, S., Garrecht, F., Garrido, L., Garrido-Ruiz, M., Gascon, D., Gaskins, J., Gaudemard, J., Gaug, M., Gaweda, J., Gebhardt, B., Gebyehu, M., Geffroy, N., Genolini, B., Gerard, L., Ghalumyan, A., Ghedina, A., Ghislain, P., Giammaria, P., Giannakaki, E., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Gieras, T., Giglietto, N., Gika, V., Gimenes, R., Giomi, M., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giovannini, G., Girardot, P., Giro, E., Giroletti, M., Gironnet, J., Giuliani, A., Glicenstein, J. -F., Gnatyk, R., Godinovic, N., Goldoni, P., Gomez, G., Gonzalez, M. M., González, A., Gora, D., Gothe, K. S., Gotz, D., Goullon, J., Grabarczyk, T., Graciani, R., Graham, J., Grandi, P., Granot, J., Grasseau, G., Gredig, R., Green, A. J., Green, A. M., Greenshaw, T., Grenier, I., Griffiths, S., Grillo, A., Grondin, M. -H., Grube, J., Grudzinska, M., Grygorczuk, J., Guarino, V., Guberman, D., Gunji, S., Gyuk, G., Hadasch, D., Hagedorn, A., Hagge, L., Hahn, J., Hakobyan, H., Hara, S., Hardcastle, M. J., Hassan, T., Hatanaka, K., Haubold, T., Haupt, A., Hayakawa, T., Hayashida, M., Heller, M., Heller, R., Helo, J. C., Henault, F., Henri, G., Hermann, G., Hermel, R., Llorente, J. Herrera, Herrero, A., Hervet, O., Hidaka, N., Hinton, J., Hirai, W., Hirotani, K., Hnatyk, B., Hoang, J., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Holch, T., Holder, J., Hooper, S., Horan, D., Hörandel, J., Hörbe, M., Horns, D., Horvath, P., Hose, J., Houles, J., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Huet, J. -M., Huetten, M., Hughes, G., Hui, D., Humensky, T. B., Hussein, M., Iacovacci, M., Ibarra, A., Ikeno, Y., Illa, J. M., Impiombato, D., Inada, T., Incorvaia, S., Infante, L., Inome, Y., Inoue, S., Inoue, T., Inoue, Y., Iocco, F., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Israel, G. L., Iwamura, Y., Jablonski, C., Jacholkowska, A., Jacquemier, J., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Janiak, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jean, P., Jegouzo, I., Jenke, P., Jimenez, J. J., Jingo, M., Jocou, L., Jogler, T., Johnson, C. A., Jones, M., Josselin, M., Journet, L., Jung, I., Kaaret, P., Kagaya, M., Kakuwa, J., Kalekin, O., Kalkuhl, C., Kamon, H., Kankanyan, R., Karastergiou, A., Kärcher, K., Karczewski, M., Karkar, S., Karn, P., Kasperek, J., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Katarzyński, K., Kato, S., Katz, U., Kawanaka, N., Kaye, L., Kazanas, D., Kelley-Hoskins, N., Kersten, J., Khélifi, B., Kieda, D. B., Kihm, T., Kimeswenger, S., Kisaka, S., Kishida, S., Kissmann, R., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Knapen, J., Knapp, J., Knödlseder, J., Koch, B., Köck, F., Kocot, J., Kohri, K., Kokkotas, K., Kolitzus, D., Komin, N., Kominis, I., Kong, A., Konno, Y., Kosack, K., Koss, G., Kossatz, M., Kowal, G., Koyama, S., Kozioł, J., Kraus, M., Krause, J., Krause, M., Krawzcynski, H., Krennrich, F., Kretzschmann, A., Kruger, P., Kubo, H., Kudryavtsev, V., Mezek, G. Kukec, Kuklis, M., Kuroda, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., La Parola, V., La Rosa, G., Laffon, H., Lahmann, R., Lakicevic, M., Lalik, K., Lamanna, G., Landriu, D., Landt, H., Lang, R. G., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Fèvre, J. -P. Le, Flour, T. Le, Sidaner, P. Le, Lee, S. -H., Lee, W. H., Lees, J. -P., Lefaucheur, J., Leffhalm, K., Leich, H., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lelas, D., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leonard, R., Leoni, R., Lessio, L., Leto, G., Leveque, A., Lieunard, B., Limon, M., Lindemann, R., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Liolios, A., Lipniacka, A., Lockart, H., Lohse, T., Łokas, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Lopatin, A., Lopez, M., Loreggia, D., Louge, T., Louis, F., Louys, M., Lucarelli, F., Lucchesi, D., Lüdecke, H., Luigi, T., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Lyard, E., Maccarone, M. C., Maccarone, T., Maccarone, T. J., Mach, E., Madejski, G. M., Madonna, A., Magniette, F., Magniez, A., Mahabir, M., Maier, G., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Malaguti, G., Malaspina, G., Mallot, A. K., Malouf, A., Maltezos, S., Malyshev, D., Mancilla, A., Mandat, D., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Manigot, P., Mankushiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maragos, N., Marano, D., Marchegiani, P., Marcomini, J. A., Marcowith, A., Mariotti, M., Marisaldi, M., Markoff, S., Martens, C., Martí, J., Martin, J. -M., Martin, L., Martin, P., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Martínez, O., Martynyuk-Lototskyy, K., Marx, R., Masetti, N., Massimino, P., Mastichiadis, A., Mastroianni, S., Mastropietro, M., Masuda, S., Matsumoto, H., Matsuoka, S., Matthews, N., Mattiazzo, S., Maurin, G., Maxted, N., Maya, J., Mayer, M., Mazin, D., Mazziotta, M. N., Comb, L. Mc, McCubbin, N., McHardy, I., Medina, C., Mehrez, F., Melioli, C., Melkumyan, D., Melse, T., Mereghetti, S., Merk, M., Mertsch, P., Meunier, J. -L., Meures, T., Meyer, M., Meyrelles jr, J. L., Miccichè, A., Michael, T., Michałowski, J., Mientjes, P., Mievre, I., Mihailidis, A., Miller, J., Mineo, T., Minuti, M., Mirabal, N., Mirabel, F., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mitchell, A., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Mognet, I., Mohammed, M., Moharana, R., Mohrmann, L., Molinari, E., Molyneux, P., Monmarthe, E., Monnier, G., Montaruli, T., Monte, C., Monteiro, I., Mooney, D., Moore, P., Moralejo, A., Morello, C., Moretti, E., Mori, K., Morris, P., Morselli, A., Moscato, F., Motohashi, D., Mottez, F., Moudden, Y., Moulin, E., Mueller, S., Mukherjee, R., Munar, P., Munari, M., Mundell, C., Mundet, J., Muraishi, H., Murase, K., Muronga, A., Murphy, A., Nagar, N., Nagataki, S., Nagayoshi, T., Nagesh, B. K., Naito, T., Nakajima, D., Nakamori, T., Nakayama, K., Nanni, J., Naumann, D., Nayman, P., Nellen, L., Nemmen, R., Neronov, A., Neyroud, N., Nguyen, T., Nguyen, T. T., Trung, T. Nguyen, Nicastro, L., Nicolau-Kukliński, J., Niederwanger, F., Niedźwiecki, A., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Nievas-Rosillo, M., Nikolaidis, A., Nikołajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Nishikawa, K. -I., Nishiyama, G., Noda, K., Nogues, L., Nolan, S., Northrop, R., Nosek, D., Nöthe, M., Novosyadlyj, B., Nozka, L., Nunio, F., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Ocampo, C., Occhipinti, G., Ochoa, J. P., de Bhroithe, A. OFaolain, Oger, R., Ohira, Y., Ohishi, M., Ohm, S., Ohoka, H., Okazaki, N., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Olszowski, D., Ong, R. A., Ono, S., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlati, A., Osborne, J., Ostrowski, M., Ottaway, D., Otte, N., Öttl, S., Ovcharov, E., Oya, I., Ozieblo, A., Padovani, M., Pagano, I., Paiano, S., Paizis, A., Palacio, J., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panagiotidis, K., Panazol, J. -L., Paneque, D., Panter, M., Panzera, M. R., Paoletti, R., Paolillo, M., Papayannis, A., Papyan, G., Paravac, A., Paredes, J. M., Pareschi, G., Park, N., Parsons, D., Paśko, P., Pavy, S., Pech, M., Peck, A., Pedaletti, G., Pe'er, A., Peet, S., Pelat, D., Pepato, A., Perez, M. d. C., Perri, L., Perri, M., Persic, M., Petrashyk, A., Petrucci, P. -O., Petruk, O., Peyaud, B., Pfeifer, M., Pfeiffer, G., Piano, G., Pieloth, D., Pierre, E., de Pinho, F. Pinto, García, C. Pio, Piret, Y., Pisarski, A., Pita, S., Platos, Ł., Platzer, R., Podkladkin, S., Pogosyan, L., Pohl, M., Poinsignon, P., Pollo, A., Porcelli, A., Porthault, J., Potter, W., Poulios, S., Poutanen, J., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Pressard, K., Principe, G., Profeti, F., Prokhorov, D., Prokoph, H., Prouza, M., Pruchniewicz, R., Pruteanu, G., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Puljak, I., Punch, M., Pürckhauer, S., Pyzioł, R., Queiroz, F., Quel, E. J., Quinn, J., Quirrenbach, A., Rafighi, I., Rainò, S., Rajda, P. J., Rameez, M., Rando, R., Rannot, R. C., Rataj, M., Ravel, T., Razzaque, S., Reardon, P., Reichardt, I., Reimann, O., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Renaud, M., Renner, S., Reposeur, T., Reville, B., Rezaeian, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Prado, R. Ribeiro, Ribó, M., Richards, G., Richer, M. G., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Ridky, J., Rieger, F., Riquelme, M., Ristori, P. R., Rivoire, S., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Rodriguez, J., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Vázquez, J. J. Rodríguez, Rojas, G., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Roncadelli, M., Rosado, J., Rose, J., Rosen, S., Lees, S. Rosier, Ross, D., Rouaix, G., Rousselle, J., Rovero, A. C., Rowell, G., Roy, F., Royer, S., Rubini, A., Rudak, B., Rugliancich, A., Rujopakarn, W., Rulten, C., Rupiński, M., Russo, F., Rutkowski, K., Saavedra, O., Sabatini, S., Sacco, B., Sadeh, I., Saemann, E. O., Safi-Harb, S., Saggion, A., Sahakian, V., Saito, T., Sakaki, N., Sakurai, S., Salamon, A., Salega, M., Salek, D., Greus, F. Salesa, Salgado, J., Salina, G., Salinas, L., Salini, A., Sanchez, D., Sanchez-Conde, M., Sandaker, H., Sandoval, A., Sangiorgi, P., Sanguillon, M., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santangelo, A., Santos, E. M., Santos-Lima, R., Sanuy, A., Sapozhnikov, L., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Sato, Y., Savalle, R., Sawada, M., Sayède, F., Schanne, S., Schanz, T., Schioppa, E. J., Schlenstedt, S., Schmid, J., Schmidt, T., Schmoll, J., Schneider, M., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovanek, P., Schubert, A., Schullian, E. -M., Schultze, J., Schulz, A., Schulz, S., Schure, K., Schussler, F., Schwab, T., Schwanke, U., Schwarz, J., Schweizer, T., Schwemmer, S., Schwendicke, U., Schwerdt, C., Sciacca, E., Scuderi, S., Segreto, A., Seiradakis, J. -H., Sembroski, G. H., Semikoz, D., Sergijenko, O., Serre, N., Servillat, M., Seweryn, K., Shafi, N., Shalchi, A., Sharma, M., Shayduk, M., Shellard, R. C., Shibata, T., Shigenaka, A., Shilon, I., Shum, E., Sidoli, L., Sidz, M., Sieiro, J., Siejkowski, H., Silk, J., Sillanpää, A., Simone, D., Simpson, H., Singh, B. B., Sinha, A., Sironi, G., Sitarek, J., Sizun, P., Sliusar, V., Smith, A., Sobczyńska, D., Sol, H., Sottile, G., Sowiński, M., Spanier, F., Spengler, G., Spiga, R., Stadler, R., Stahl, O., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starling, R., Staszak, D., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Stefanik, S., Stegmann, C., Steiner, S., Stella, C., Stephan, M., Stergioulas, N., Sternberger, R., Sterzel, M., Stevenson, B., Stinzing, F., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Stolarczyk, T., Stratta, G., Straumann, U., Stringhetti, L., Strzys, M., Stuik, R., Sulanke, K. -H., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Suric, T., Sushch, I., Sutcliffe, P., Sykes, J., Szanecki, M., Szepieniec, T., Szwarnog, P., Tacchini, A., Tachihara, K., Tagliaferri, G., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, K., Takahashi, M., Takalo, L., Takami, S., Takata, J., Takeda, J., Talbot, G., Tam, T., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, S., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanci, C., Tanigawa, S., Tavani, M., Tavecchio, F., Tavernet, J. -P., Tayabaly, K., Taylor, A., Tejedor, L. A., Telezhinsky, I., Temme, F., Temnikov, P., Tenzer, C., Terada, Y., Terrazas, J. C., Terrier, R., Terront, D., Terzic, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Tezier, D., Thayer, J., Thornhill, J., Thoudam, S., Thuermann, D., Tibaldo, L., Tiengo, A., Timpanaro, M. C., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tokanai, F., Tokarz, M., Toma, K., Tomastik, J., Tomono, Y., Tonachini, A., Tonev, D., Torii, K., Tornikoski, M., Torres, D. F., Torres, M., Torresi, E., Toso, G., Tosti, G., Totani, T., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Tovmassian, G., Toyama, T., Travnicek, P., Trichard, C., Trifoglio, M., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Trzeciak, M., Tsinganos, K., Tsujimoto, S., Tsuru, T., Uchiyama, Y., Umana, G., Umetsu, Y., Upadhya, S. S., Uslenghi, M., Vagelli, V., Vagnetti, F., Valdes-Galicia, J., Valentino, M., Vallania, P., Valore, L., van Driel, W., van Eldik, C., van Soelen, B., Vandenbroucke, J., Vanderwalt, J., Vasileiadis, G., Vassiliev, V., Vázquez, J. R., Acosta, M. L. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Vega, A., Vegas, I., Veitch, P., Venault, P., Venema, L., Venter, C., Vercellone, S., Vergani, S., Verma, K., Verzi, V., Vettolani, G. P., Veyssiere, C., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vicha, J., Vigorito, C., Vincent, P., Vincent, S., Vink, J., Vittorini, V., Vlahakis, N., Vlahos, L., Voelk, H., Voisin, V., Vollhardt, A., Volpicelli, A., von Brand, H., Vorobiov, S., Vovk, I., Vrastil, M., Vu, L. V., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, R., Wagner, S. J., Wakely, S. P., Walstra, T., Walter, R., Walther, T., Ward, J. E., Ward, M., Warda, K., Warren, D., Wassberg, S., Watson, J. J., Wawer, P., Wawrzaszek, R., Webb, N., Wegner, P., Weiner, O., Weinstein, A., Wells, R., Werner, F., Wetteskind, H., White, M., White, R., Więcek, M., Wierzcholska, A., Wiesand, S., Wijers, R., Wilcox, P., Wild, N., Wilhelm, A., Wilkinson, M., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Williams, J. T., Willingale, R., Wilson, N., Winde, M., Winiarski, K., Winkler, H., Winter, M., Wischnewski, R., Witt, E., Wojcik, P., Wolf, D., Wood, M., Wörnlein, A., Wu, E., Wu, T., Yadav, K. K., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, T., Yamane, N., Yamazaki, R., Yanagita, S., Yang, L., Yelos, D., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, M., Yoshida, T., Yoshiike, S., Yoshikoshi, T., Yu, P., Zabalza, V., Zaborov, D., Zacharias, M., Zaharijas, G., Zajczyk, A., Zampieri, L., Zandanel, F., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Zaric, D., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A., Zech, A., Zechlin, H., Zhao, A., Zhdanov, V., Ziegler, A., Ziemann, J., Ziętara, K., Zink, A., Ziółkowski, J., Zitelli, V., Zoli, A., Zorn, J., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

List of contributions from the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) Consortium presented at the 6th International Symposium on High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (Gamma 2016), July 11-15, 2016, in Heidelberg, Germany., Comment: Index of CTA conference proceedings for the Gamma 2016, Heidelberg, Germany

Published
2016

28. The Electronics and Data Acquisition System for the DarkSide-50 Veto Detectors

Author

Agnes, P., Agostino, L., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Arisaka, K., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Biery, K., Bonfini, G., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Brigatti, A., Brodsky, J., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cao, H., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Catalanotti, S., Cavalcante, P., Chepurnov, A., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., Crippa, L., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Vincenzi, M., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Foster, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Giganti, C., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grandi, L., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K. R., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, Aldo, Ianni, Andrea, James, I., Jollet, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kobychev, V., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Li, X., Lissia, M., Lombardi, P., Luitz, S., Ma, Y., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Marini, L., Martoff, C. J., Meregaglia, A., Meyers, P. D., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Montanari, D., Monte, A., Montuschi, M., Monzani, M. E., Mosteiro, P., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Napolitano, J., Nelson, A., Odrowski, S., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pantic, E., Parmeggiano, S., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Randle, K., Ranucci, G., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Riffard, Q., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rountree, S. D., Sablone, D., Saggese, P., Saldanha, R., Sands, W., Sangiorgio, S., Savarese, C., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shields, E., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Tatarowicz, J., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xu, J., Yang, C., Yoo, J., Zavatarelli, S., Zec, A., Zhong, W., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

DarkSide-50 is a detector for dark matter candidates in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). It utilizes a liquid argon time projection chamber (LAr TPC) for the inner main detector. The TPC is surrounded by a liquid scintillator veto (LSV) and a water Cherenkov veto detector (WCV). The LSV and WCV, both instrumented with PMTs, act as the neutron and cosmogenic muon veto detectors for DarkSide-50. This paper describes the electronics and data acquisition system used for these two detectors.

Published
2016
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29. The GAP-TPC

Author

Rossi, B., Anastasio, A., Boiano, A., Catalanotti, S., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., Di Meo, P., Longo, G., Vanzanella, A., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., and Fiorillo, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Several experiments have been conducted worldwide, with the goal of observing low-energy nuclear recoils induced by WIMPs scattering off target nuclei in ultra-sensitive, low-background detectors. In the last few decades noble liquid detectors designed to search for dark matter in the form of WIMPs have been extremely successful in improving their sensitivities and setting the best limits. One of the crucial problems to be faced for the development of large size (multi ton-scale) liquid argon experiments is the lack of reliable and low background cryogenic PMTs: their intrinsic radioactivity, cost, and borderline performance at 87 K rule them out as a possible candidate for photosensors. We propose a brand new concept of liquid argon-based detector for direct dark matter search: the Geiger-mode Avalanche Photodiode Time Projection Chamber (GAP-TPC) optimized in terms of residual radioactivity of the photosensors, energy and spatial resolution, light and charge collection efficiency, Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication on JINST

Published
2016
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30. The veto system of the DarkSide-50 experiment

Author

The DarkSide Collaboration, Agnes, P., Agostino, L., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Arisaka, K., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Biery, K., Bonfini, G., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Brigatti, A., Brodsky, J., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadonati, L., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cao, H., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Catalanotti, S., Cavalcante, P., Chepurnov, A., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., Crippa, L., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Vincenzi, M., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Foster, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Giganti, C., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grandi, L., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K. R., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, Aldo, Ianni, Andrea, James, I., Johnson, T., Jollet, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kobychev, V., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Li, X., Lissia, M., Lombardi, P., Luitz, S., Ma, Y., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Marini, L., Martoff, C. J., Meregaglia, A., Meyers, P. D., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Montanari, D., Monte, A., Montuschi, M., Monzani, M. E., Mosteiro, P., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Napolitano, J., Nelson, A., Odrowski, S., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pantic, E., Parmeggiano, S., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Perasso, S., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Randle, K., Ranucci, G., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rountree, S. D., Sablone, D., Saggese, P., Saldanha, R., Sands, W., Sangiorgio, S., Savarese, C., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shields, E., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Tatarowicz, J., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xu, J., Yang, C., Yoo, J., Zavatarelli, S., Zec, A., Zhong, W., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Nuclear recoil events produced by neutron scatters form one of the most important classes of background in WIMP direct detection experiments, as they may produce nuclear recoils that look exactly like WIMP interactions. In DarkSide-50, we both actively suppress and measure the rate of neutron-induced background events using our neutron veto, composed of a boron-loaded liquid scintillator detector within a water Cherenkov detector. This paper is devoted to the description of the neutron veto system of DarkSide-50, including the detector structure, the fundamentals of event reconstruction and data analysis, and basic performance parameters.

Published
2015
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31. Detection of thermal neutrons with the PRISMA-YBJ array in Extensive Air Showers selected by the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Stenkin, . Yu. V., Alekseenko, V. V., Aynutdinov, V., Cai, Z. Y., Guo, X. W., Liu, Y., Rulev, V., Shchegolev, O. B., Stepanov, V., Volchenko, V., and Zhang, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report on a measurement of thermal neutrons, generated by the hadronic component of extensive air showers (EAS), by means of a small array of EN-detectors developed for the PRISMA project (PRImary Spectrum Measurement Array), novel devices based on a compound alloy of ZnS(Ag) and $^{6}$LiF. This array has been operated within the ARGO-YBJ experiment at the high altitude Cosmic Ray Observatory in Yangbajing (Tibet, 4300 m a.s.l.). Due to the tight correlation between the air shower hadrons and thermal neutrons, this technique can be envisaged as a simple way to estimate the number of high energy hadrons in EAS. Coincident events generated by primary cosmic rays of energies greater than 100 TeV have been selected and analyzed. The EN-detectors have been used to record simultaneously thermal neutrons and the air shower electromagnetic component. The density distributions of both components and the total number of thermal neutrons have been measured. The correlation of these data with the measurements carried out by ARGO-YBJ confirms the excellent performance of the EN-detector., Comment: 35 pages, 16 figures

Published
2015
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32. 4.5 years multi-wavelength observations of Mrk 421 during the ARGO-YBJ and Fermi common operation time

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Damone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on the extensive multi-wavelength observations of the blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) covering radio to gamma-rays, during the 4.5 year period of ARGO-YBJ and Fermi common operation time, from August 2008 to February 2013. In particular, thanks to the ARGO-YBJ and Fermi data, the whole energy range from 100 MeV to 10 TeV is covered without any gap. In the observation period, Mrk 421 showed both low and high activity states at all wavebands. The correlations among flux variations in different wavebands were analyzed. Seven large flares, including five X-ray flares and two GeV gamma-ray flares with variable durations (3-58 days), and one X-ray outburst phase were identified and used to investigate the variation of the spectral energy distribution with respect to a relative quiescent phase. During the outburst phase and the seven flaring episodes, the peak energy in X-rays is observed to increase from sub-keV to few keV. The TeV gamma-ray flux increases up to 0.9-7.2 times the flux of the Crab Nebula. The behavior of GeV gamma-rays is found to vary depending on the flare, a feature that leads us to classify flares into three groups according to the GeV flux variation. Finally, the one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model was adopted to describe the emission spectra. Two out of three groups can be satisfactorily described using injected electrons with a power-law spectral index around 2.2, as expected from relativistic diffuse shock acceleration, whereas the remaining group requires a harder injected spectrum. The underlying physical mechanisms responsible for different groups may be related to the acceleration process or to the environment properties., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, Accepted for publication in ApJS

Published
2015
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33. Results from the first use of low radioactivity argon in a dark matter search

Author

The DarkSide Collaboration, Agnes, P., Agostino, L., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Arisaka, K., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Biery, K., Bonfini, G., Bossa, M., Bottino, B., Brigatti, A., Brodsky, J., Budano, F., Bussino, S., Cadeddu, M., Cadonati, L., Cadoni, M., Calaprice, F., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cao, H., Cariello, M., Carlini, M., Catalanotti, S., Cavalcante, P., Chepurnov, A., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., Crippa, L., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Deo, M., De Vincenzi, M., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, G., Fomenko, K., Forster, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Giganti, C., Goretti, A. M., Granato, F., Grandi, L., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guardincerri, Y., Hackett, B. R., Herner, K., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, Al., Ianni, An., James, I., Jollet, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C. L., Kobychev, V., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kubankin, A., Li, X., Lissia, M., Lombardi, P., Luitz, S., Ma, Y., Machulin, I. N., Mandarano, A., Mari, S. M., Maricic, J., Marini, L., Martoff, C. J., Meregaglia, A., Meyers, P. D., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Montanari, D., Monte, A., Montuschi, M., Monzani, M., Mosteiro, P., Mount, B. J., Muratova, V. N., Musico, P., Napolitano, J., Nelson, A., Odrowski, S., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pantic, E., Parmeggiano, S., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Perasso, S., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D. A., Qian, H., Randle, K., Ranucci, G., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A. L., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rountree, D., Sablone, D., Saggese, P., Saldanha, R., Sands, W., Sangiorgio, S., Savarese, C., Segreto, E., Semenov, D. A., Shields, E., Singh, P. N., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smallcomb, M., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Tatarowicz, J., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Trinchese, P., Unzhakov, E. V., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, B., Wada, M., Walker, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A. W., Westerdale, S., Wilhelmi, J., Wojcik, M. M., Xiang, X., Xu, J., Yang, C., Yoo, J., Zavatarelli, S., Zec, A., Zhong, W., Zhu, C., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Liquid argon is a bright scintillator with potent particle identification properties, making it an attractive target for direct-detection dark matter searches. The DarkSide-50 dark matter search here reports the first WIMP search results obtained using a target of low-radioactivity argon. DarkSide-50 is a dark matter detector, using two-phase liquid argon time projection chamber, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. The underground argon is shown to contain Ar-39 at a level reduced by a factor (1.4 +- 0.2) x 10^3 relative to atmospheric argon. We report a background-free null result from (2616 +- 43) kg d of data, accumulated over 70.9 live-days. When combined with our previous search using an atmospheric argon, the 90 % C.L. upper limit on the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section based on zero events found in the WIMP search regions, is 2.0 x 10^-44 cm^2 (8.6 x 10^-44 cm^2, 8.0 x 10^-43 cm^2) for a WIMP mass of 100 GeV/c^2 (1 TeV/c^2 , 10 TeV/c^2)., Comment: Accepted by Phys. Rev. D

Published
2015
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34. INFN Camera demonstrator for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Ambrosi, G., Ambrosio, M., Aramo, C., Bertucci, B., Bissaldi, E., Bitossi, M., Brasolin, S., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Catalanotti, S., Ciocci, M. A., Consoletti, R., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Palma, F., Desiante, R., Di Girolamo, T., Di Giulio, C., Doro, M., D'Urso, D., Ferraro, G., Ferrarotto, F., Gargano, F., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giraudo, G., Iacovacci, M., Ionica, M., Iori, M., Longo, F., Mariotti, M., Mastroianni, S., Minuti, M., Morselli, A., Paoletti, R., Pauletta, G., Rando, R., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rugliancich, A., Simone, D., Stella, C., Tonachini, A., Vallania, P., Valore, L., Vagelli, V., Verzi, V., and Vigorito, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Cherenkov Telescope Array is a world-wide project for a new generation of ground-based Cherenkov telescopes of the Imaging class with the aim of exploring the highest energy region of the electromagnetic spectrum. With two planned arrays, one for each hemisphere, it will guarantee a good sky coverage in the energy range from a few tens of GeV to hundreds of TeV, with improved angular resolution and a sensitivity in the TeV energy region better by one order of magnitude than the currently operating arrays. In order to cover this wide energy range, three different telescope types are envisaged, with different mirror sizes and focal plane features. In particular, for the highest energies a possible design is a dual-mirror Schwarzschild-Couder optical scheme, with a compact focal plane. A silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) based camera is being proposed as a solution to match the dimensions of the pixel (angular size of ~ 0.17 degrees). INFN is developing a camera demonstrator made by 9 Photo Sensor Modules (PSMs, 64 pixels each, with total coverage 1/4 of the focal plane) equipped with FBK (Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Italy) Near UltraViolet High Fill factor SiPMs and Front-End Electronics (FEE) based on a Target 7 ASIC, a 16 channels fast sampler (up to 2GS/s) with deep buffer, self-trigger and on-demand digitization capabilities specifically developed for this purpose. The pixel dimensions of $6\times6$ mm$^2$ lead to a very compact design with challenging problems of thermal dissipation. A modular structure, made by copper frames hosting one PSM and the corresponding FEE, has been conceived, with a water cooling system to keep the required working temperature. The actual design, the adopted technical solutions and the achieved results for this demonstrator are presented and discussed., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

Published
2015

35. CTA Contributions to the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015)

Author

Consortium, The CTA, Abchiche, A., Abeysekara, U., Abril, Ó., Acero, F., Acharya, B. S., Actis, M., Agnetta, G., Aguilar, J. A., Aharonian, F., Akhperjanian, A., Albert, A., Alcubierre, M., Alfaro, R., Aliu, E., Allafort, A. J., Allan, D., Allekotte, I., Aloisio, R., Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Ambrogi, L., Ambrosi, G., Ambrosio, M., Anderson, J., Anduze, M., Angüner, E. O., Antolini, E., Antonelli, L. A., Antonucci, M., Antonuccio, V., Antoranz, P., Aramo, C., Aravantinos, A., Argan, A., Armstrong, T., Arnaldi, H., Arnold, L., Arrabito, L., Arrieta, M., Asano, K., Asorey, H. G., Aune, T., Singh, C. B., Babic, A., Backes, M., Bais, A., Bajtlik, S., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Balis, D., Balkowski, C., Ballester, O., Ballet, J., Balzer, A., Bamba, A., Bandiera, R., Barber, A., Barbier, C., Barceló, M., Barnacka, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Basso, S., Bastieri, D., Bauer, C., Baushev, A., Becciani, U., Becherini, Y., Tjus, J. Becker, Beckmann, V., Bednarek, W., Benbow, W., Ventura, D. Benedico, Berdugo, J., Berge, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, S., Bernlöhr, K., Bertucci, B., Besel, M. -A., Bhatt, N., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattachryya, S., Biasuzzi, B., Bicknell, G., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Billotta, S., Bilnik, W., Biondo, B., Bird, T., Birsin, E., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Bitossi, M., Bigas, O. Blanch, Blasi, P., Boehm, C., Bogacz, L., Bogdan, M., Bohacova, M., Boisson, C., Gargallo, J. Boix, Bolmont, J., Bonanno, G., Bonardi, A., Bonifacio, P., Bonnoli, G., Borkowski, J., Bose, R., Bosnjak, Z., Bottani, A., Böttcher, M., Bousquet, J. -J., Boutonnet, C., Bouyjou, F., Braiding, C., Brandt, L., Brau-Nogué, S., Bregeon, J., Bretz, T., Briggs, M., Brigida, M., Bringmann, T., Brisken, W., Brocato, E., Brook, P., Brown, A. M., Brun, P., Brunetti, G., Brunetti, L., Bruno, P., Bryan, M., Buanes, T., Bucciantini, N., Buchholtz, G., Buckley, J., Bugaev, V., Bühler, R., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burton, M., Burtovoi, A., Busetto, G., Buson, S., Buss, J., Byrum, K., Cameron, R., Camprecios, J., Canelli, F., Canestrari, R., Cantu, S., Capalbi, M., Capasso, M., Capobianco, G., Caraveo, P., Cardenzana, J., Carius, S., Carlile, C., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carr, J., Carroll, M., Carter, J., Carton, P. -H., Caruso, R., Casandjian, J. -M., Casanova, S., Cascone, E., Casiraghi, M., Castellina, A., Catalano, O., Catalanotti, S., Cavazzani, S., Cazaux, S., Cefalà, M., Cerchiara, P., Cereda, M., Cerruti, M., Chabanne, E., Chadwick, P., Champion, C., Chaty, S., Chaves, R., Cheimets, P., Chen, A., Chen, X., Chernyakova, M., Chiappetti, L., Chikawa, M., Chinn, D., Chitnis, V. R., Cho, N., Christov, A., Chudoba, J., Cieślar, M., Cillis, A., Ciocci, M. A., Clay, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Colome, J., Colonges, S., Compin, M., Conforti, V., Connaughton, V., Connell, S., Conrad, J., Contreras, J. L., Coppi, P., Corbel, S., Coridian, J., Corona, P., Corti, D., Cortina, J., Cossio, L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Courty, B., Covino, S., Covone, G., Crimi, G., Criswell, S. J., Crocker, R., Croston, J., Cusumano, G., Da Vela, P., Dale, Ø., D'Ammando, F., Dang, D., Daniel, M., Davids, I., Dawson, B., Dazzi, F., Costa, B. de Aguiar, De Angelis, A., Cardoso, R. F. de Araujo, De Caprio, V., De Cesare, G., De Franco, A., De Frondat, F., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, de la Calle, I., De La Vega, G. A., Lopez, R. de los Reyes, De Lotto, B., De Luca, A., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, de Naurois, M., Wilhelmi, E. de Oña, De Palma, F., de Souza, V., Decock, G., Deil, C., Del Santo, M., Delagnes, E., Deleglise, G., Delgado, C., della Volpe, D., Deloye, P., Depaola, G., Detournay, M., Dettlaff, A., Di Girolamo, T., Di Giulio, C., Di Paola, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Sciascio, G., Díaz, C., Dick, J., Dickinson, H., Diebold, S., Diez, V., Digel, S., Dipold, J., Disset, G., Distefano, A., Djannati-Ataï, A., Doert, M., Dohmke, M., Domainko, W., Dominik, N., Prester, D. Dominis, Donat, A., Donnarumma, I., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Dournaux, J. -L., Doyle, K., Drake, G., Dravins, D., Drury, L., Dubus, G., Dumas, D., Dumm, J., Durand, D., D'Urso, D., Dwarkadas, V., Dyks, J., Dyrda, M., Ebr, J., Echaniz, J. C., Edy, E., Egberts, K., Eger, P., Einecke, S., Eisch, J., Eisenkolb, F., Eleftheriadis, C., Elsässer, D., Emmanoulopoulos, D., Engelbrecht, C., Engelhaupt, D., Ernenwein, J. -P., Errando, M., Eschbach, S., Etchegoyen, A., Evans, P., Fairbairn, M., Falcone, A., Fantinel, D., Farakos, K., Farnier, C., Farrell, E., Farrell, S., Fasola, G., Fegan, S., Feinstein, F., Ferenc, D., Fernandez, A., Fernandez-Alonso, M., Ferreira, O., Fesquet, M., Fetfatzis, P., Fiasson, A., Filipčič, A., Filipovic, M., Fink, D., Finley, C., Finley, J. P., Finoguenov, A., Fioretti, V., Fiorini, M., Curcoll, R. Firpo, Fleischhack, H., Flores, H., Florin, D., Föhr, C., Fokitis, E., Font, L., Fontaine, G., Fontes, B., Forest, F., Fornasa, M., Förster, A., Fortin, P., Fortson, L., Fouque, N., Franckowiak, A., Franco, F. J., Frankowski, A., Frega, N., Albuquerque, I. Freire Mota, Coromina, L. Freixas, Fresnillo, L., Fruck, C., Fuessling, M., Fugazza, D., Fujita, Y., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukuda, T., Fukui, Y., Funk, S., Gäbele, W., Gabici, S., Gadola, A., Galante, N., Gall, D. D., Gallant, Y., Galloway, D., Gallozzi, S., Gao, S., Garcia, B., Gil, R. García, López, R. Garcia, Garczarczyk, M., Gardiol, D., Gargano, C., Gargano, F., Garozzo, S., Garrecht, F., Garrido, D., Garrido, L., Gascon, D., Gaskins, J., Gaudemard, J., Gaug, M., Gaweda, J., Geffroy, N., Gérard, L., Ghalumyan, A., Ghedina, A., Ghigo, M., Ghislain, P., Giannakaki, E., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Gika, V., Gimenes, R., Giomi, M., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giovannini, G., Giro, E., Giroletti, M., Giuliani, A., Glicenstein, J. -F., Godinovic, N., Goldoni, P., Berisso, M. Gomez, Vargas, G. A. Gomez, Gonzalez, M. M., González, A., González, F., Muñoz, A. González, Gothe, K. S., Gotz, D., Grabarczyk, T., Graciani, R., Grandi, P., Grañena, F., Granot, J., Grasseau, G., Gredig, R., Green, A. J., Green, A. M., Greenshaw, T., Grenier, I., Grillo, A., Grondin, M. -H., Grube, J., Grudzinska, M., Grygorczuk, J., Guarino, V., Guberman, D., Gunji, S., Gyuk, G., Hadasch, D., Hagedorn, A., Hahn, J., Hakansson, N., Heras, N. Hamer, Hanabata, Y., Hara, S., Hardcastle, M. J., Harris, J., Hassan, T., Hatanaka, K., Haubold, T., Haupt, A., Hayakawa, T., Hayashida, M., Heller, M., Heller, R., Henault, F., Henri, G., Hermann, G., Hermel, R., Llorente, J. Herrera, Herrero, A., Hervet, O., Hidaka, N., Hinton, J., Hirai, W., Hirotani, K., Hoard, D., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Hofverberg, P., Holch, T., Holder, J., Hooper, S., Horan, D., Hörandel, J. R., Hormigos, S., Horns, D., Hose, J., Houles, J., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Huet, J. -M., Hütten, M., Humensky, T. B., Huovelin, J., Huppert, J. -F., Iacovacci, M., Ibarra, A., Idźkowski, B., Ikawa, D., Illa, J. M., Impiombato, D., Incorvaia, S., Inome, Y., Inoue, S., Inoue, T., Inoue, Y., Iocco, F., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Israel, G. L., Jablonski, C., Jacholkowska, A., Jacquemier, J., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Janiak, M., Jankowsky, F., Jean, P., Jeanney, C., Jegouzo, I., Jenke, P., Jimenez, J. J., Jingo, M., Jocou, L., Jogler, T., Johnson, C. A., Journet, L., Juffroy, C., Jung, I., Kaaret, P. E., Kagaya, M., Kakuwa, J., Kalekin, O., Kalkuhl, C., Kankanyan, R., Karastergiou, A., Kärcher, K., Karczewski, M., Karkar, S., Karn, P., Kasperek, J., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Kaufmann, S., Kawanaka, N., Kawashima, T., Kazanas, D., Kelley-Hoskins, N., Kellner-Leidel, B., Kendziorra, E., Kersten, J., Khélifi, B., Kieda, D. B., Kihm, T., Kisaka, S., Kissmann, R., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Knapen, J., Knapp, J., Knödlseder, J., Köck, F., Kocot, J., Kodakkadan, A., Kodani, K., Kohri, K., Kojima, T., Kokkotas, K., Kolitzus, D., Komin, N., Kominis, I., Konno, Y., Kosack, K., Koss, G., Koul, R., Kowal, G., Koyama, S., Kozioł, J., Kraus, M., Krause, J., Krause, M., Krawzcynski, H., Krennrich, F., Kretzschmann, A., Kruger, P., Kubo, H., Kudryavtsev, V., Mezek, G. Kukec, Kushida, J., Kuznetsov, A., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., La Parola, V., La Rosa, G., Laffon, H., Lagadec, T., Lahmann, R., Lalik, K., Lamanna, G., Landriu, D., Landt, H., Lang, R. G., Languignon, D., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Latovski, N., Law-Green, D., Fèvre, J. -P. Le, Flour, T. Le, Sidaner, P. Le, Lee, S. -H., Lee, W. H., Leffhalm, K., Leich, H., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lelas, D., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leonard, R., Leoni, R., Lessio, L., Leto, G., Leveque, A., Lieunard, B., Limon, M., Lindemann, R., Lindfors, E., Liolios, A., Lipniacka, A., Lockart, H., Lohse, T., Loiseau, D., Łokas, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Longo, G., Lopatin, A., Lopez, M., López-Coto, R., López-Oramas, A., Loreggia, D., Louge, T., Louis, F., Lu, C. -C., Lucarelli, F., Lucchesi, D., Lüdecke, H., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Luz, O., Lyard, E., Maccarone, M. C., Maccarone, T. J., Mach, E., Madejski, G. M., Madonna, A., Mahabir, M., Maier, G., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Malaguti, G., Malaspina, G., Mallot, A. K., Maltezos, S., Mancilla, A., Mandat, D., Maneva, G., Manigot, P., Mankushiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maragos, N., Marano, D., Marchegiani, P., Marcomini, J. A., Marcowith, A., Mariotti, M., Marisaldi, M., Markoff, S., Marszałek, A., Martens, C., Martí, J., Martin, J. -M., Martin, P., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Martínez, O., Marx, R., Massimino, P., Mastichiadis, A., Mastroianni, S., Mastropietro, M., Masuda, S., Matsumoto, H., Matsuoka, S., Mattiazzo, S., Maurin, G., Maxted, N., Maya, J., Mayer, M., Mazin, D., Mazureau, E., Mazziotta, M. N., Comb, L. Mc, McCann, A., McCubbin, N., McHardy, I., McKay, R., McKinney, K., Meagher, K., Medina, C., Mehrez, F., Melioli, C., Melkumyan, D., Melo, D., Melse, T., Mereghetti, S., Mertsch, P., Meyer, M., Meyrelles jr, J. L., Miccichè, A., Michałowski, J., Micolon, P., Mientjes, P., Mignot, S., Mihailidis, A., Mineo, T., Minuti, M., Mirabal, N., Mirabel, F., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mistò, A., Mitchell, A., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Mognet, I., Mohammed, M., Moharana, R., Molinari, E., Monmarthe, E., Monnier, G., Montaruli, T., Monte, C., Monteiro, I., Moore, P., Olaizola, A. Moralejo, Morello, C., Moretti, E., Mori, K., Morlino, G., Morselli, A., Mottez, F., Moudden, Y., Moulin, E., Mrusek, I., Mueller, S., Mukherjee, R., Munar-Adrover, P., Mundell, C., Muraishi, H., Murase, K., Muronga, A., Murphy, A., Nagataki, S., Nagayoshi, T., Nagesh, B. K., Naito, T., Nakajima, D., Nakamori, T., Nakayama, K., Naumann, D., Nayman, P., Nellen, L., Nemmen, R., Neronov, A., Neustroev, V., Neyroud, N., Nguyen, T., Nicastro, L., Nicolau-Kukliński, J., Niederwanger, F., Niedźwiecki, A., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Nievas, M., Nikolaidis, A., Nishijima, K., Nishikawa, K. -I., Noda, K., Nogues, L., Nolan, S., Northrop, R., Nosek, D., Nozka, L., Nunio, F., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Occhipinti, G., de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain, Ogino, M., Ohira, Y., Ohishi, M., Ohm, S., Ohoka, H., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Olszowski, D., Ong, R. A., Ono, S., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlati, A., Osborne, J., Ostrowski, M., Otero, L. 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D., Porcelli, A., Potter, W., Poulios, S., Poutanen, J., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Preece, R., Profeti, F., Prokhorov, D., Prokoph, H., Prouza, M., Proyetti, M., Pruchniewicz, R., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Puljak, I., Punch, M., Pyzioł, R., Queiroz, F., Quel, E. J., Quinn, J., Quirrenbach, A., Racero, E., Räck, T., Rafalski, J., Rafighi, I., Rainò, S., Rajda, P. J., Rameez, M., Rando, R., Rannot, R. C., Rataj, M., Rateau, S., Ravel, T., Ravignani, D., Razzaque, S., Reardon, P., Reimann, O., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reitberger, K., Renaud, M., Renner, S., Reposeur, T., Rettig, R., Reville, B., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Richards, G., Richer, M. G., Rico, J., Ridky, J., Rieger, F., Ringegni, P., Ristori, P. R., Rivière, A., Rivoire, S., Roache, E., Rodeghiero, G., Rodriguez, J., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Vázquez, J. J. Rodríguez, Rogers, T., Rojas, G., Romano, P., Rodriguez, M. P. Romay, Romeo, G., Romero, G. E., Roncadelli, M., Rose, J., Rosen, S., Lees, S. Rosier, Ross, D., Rossiter, P., Rouaix, G., Rousselle, J., Rovero, A. C., Rowell, G., Roy, F., Royer, S., Różańska, A., Rudak, B., Rugliancich, A., Rulten, C., Rupiński, M., Russo, F., Rutkowski, K., Saavedra, O., Sabatini, S., Sacco, B., Saemann, E. O., Saggion, A., Saha, L., Sahakian, V., Saito, K., Saito, T., Sakaki, N., Salega, M., Salek, D., Salgado, J., Salini, A., Sanchez, D., Sanchez, F., Sanchez-Conde, M., Sandaker, H., Sandoval, A., Sangiorgi, P., Sanguillon, M., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santangelo, A., Santos, E. M., Santos-Lima, R., Sanuy, A., Sapozhnikov, L., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Savalle, R., Sawada, M., Sayède, F., Schafer, J., Schanne, S., Schanz, T., Schioppa, E. J., Schlenstedt, S., Schlickeiser, R., Schmidt, T., Schmoll, J., Schneider, M., Schovanek, P., Schubert, A., Schultz, C., Schultze, J., Schulz, A., Schulz, S., Schure, K., Schussler, F., Schwab, T., Schwanke, U., Schwarz, J., Schweizer, T., Schwemmer, S., Schwendicke, U., Schwerdt, C., Segreto, A., Seiradakis, J. -H., Sembroski, G. H., Semikoz, D., Serre, N., Servillat, M., Seweryn, K., Shafi, N., Sharma, M., Shayduk, M., Shellard, R. C., Shibata, T., Pandeni, K. Shiningayamwe, Shukla, A., Shum, E., Sidoli, L., Sidz, M., Sieiro, J., Siejkowski, H., Silk, J., Sillanpää, A., Simone, D., Singh, B. B., Sinha, A., Sironi, G., Sitarek, J., Sizun, P., Slyusar, V., Smith, A., Smith, J., Sobczyńska, D., Sol, H., Sottile, G., Sowiński, M., Spanier, F., Spengler, G., Spiga, D., Stadler, R., Stahl, O., Stamatescu, V., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Stefanik, S., Stegmann, C., Steiner, S., Stella, C., Stergioulas, N., Sternberger, R., Sterzel, M., Stevenson, B., Stinzing, F., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Stolarczyk, T., Straumann, U., Strazzeri, E., Stringhetti, L., Strzys, M., Stuik, R., Sulanke, K. -H., Supanitsky, A. D., Suric, T., Sushch, I., Sutcliffe, P., Sykes, J., Szanecki, M., Szepieniec, T., Szwarnog, P., Tacchini, A., Tachihara, K., Tagliaferri, G., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, K., Takahashi, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Talbot, G., Tammi, J., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, S., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanci, C., Tarantino, E., Tavani, M., Tavecchio, F., Tavernet, J. -P., Tayabaly, K., Tejedor, L. A., Telezhinsky, I., Temme, F., Temnikov, P., Tenzer, C., Terada, Y., Terrier, R., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Tezier, D., Thayer, J., Thomas, V., Thornhill, J., Thuermann, D., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Tiengo, A., Tijsseling, G., Timpanaro, M. C., Tluczykont, M., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tokanai, F., Tokarz, M., Toma, K., Tomastik, J., Tomono, Y., Tonachini, A., Tonev, D., Torii, K., Tornikoski, M., Torres, D. F., Torres, M., Torresi, E., Toscano, S., Toso, G., Tosti, G., Totani, T., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Tovmassian, G., Townsley, C., Toyama, T., Travnicek, P., Trifoglio, M., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Trzeciak, M., Tsinganos, K., Tsubone, Y., Tsuchiya, Y., Tsujimoto, S., Tsuru, T., Uchiyama, Y., Umana, G., Umetsu, Y., Underwood, C., Upadhya, S. S., Uslenghi, M., Vagnetti, F., Valdes-Galicia, J., Vallania, P., Vallejo, G., Valore, L., van Driel, W., van Eldik, C., van Soelen, B., Vandenbroucke, J., Vanderwalt, J., Vasileiadis, G., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. L. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Vegas, I., Veitch, P., Venema, L., Venter, C., Vercellone, S., Vergani, S., Verma, K., Verzi, V., Vettolani, G. P., Viana, A., Vicha, J., Videla, M., Vigorito, C., Vincent, P., Vincent, S., Vink, J., Vittorini, V., Vlahakis, N., Vlahos, L., Voelk, H., Vogler, P., Voisin, V., Vollhardt, A., Volpicelli, A., Vorobiov, S., Vovk, I., Vu, L. V., Wagner, R., Wagner, R. M., Wagner, R. G., Wagner, S. J., Wakely, S. P., Walter, R., Walther, T., Ward, J. E., Ward, M., Warda, K., Warwick, R., Wassberg, S., Watson, J., Wawer, P., Wawrzaszek, R., Webb, N., Wegner, P., Weinstein, A., Weitzel, Q., Wells, R., Werner, F., Werner, M., Wetteskind, H., White, M., White, R., Więcek, M., Wierzcholska, A., Wiesand, S., Wijers, R., Wild, N., Wilhelm, A., Wilkinson, M., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Williams, J. T., Willingale, R., Winde, M., Winiarski, K., Winkler, H., Wischnewski, R., Wojcik, P., Wolf, D., Wood, M., Wörnlein, A., Wu, E., Wu, T., Yadav, K. K., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yanagita, S., Yang, L., Yebras, J. M., Yelos, D., Yeung, W., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, T., Yoshiike, S., Yoshikoshi, T., Yu, P., Zabalza, V., Zacharias, M., Zaharijas, G., Zajczyk, A., Zampieri, L., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A., Zech, A., Zechlin, H., Zhao, A., Ziegler, A., Ziemann, J., Ziętara, K., Ziółkowski, J., Zitelli, V., Zoli, A., Zurbach, C., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

List of contributions from the CTA Consortium presented at the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 30 July - 6 August 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands., Comment: Index of CTA conference proceedings at the ICRC2015, The Hague (The Netherlands). v1: placeholder with no arXiv links yet, to be replaced once individual contributions have been all submitted; v2: final with arXiv links to all CTA contributions and full author list

Published
2015

36. Study of the diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Galactic plane with ARGO-YBJ

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The events recorded by ARGO-YBJ in more than five years of data collection have been analyzed to determine the diffuse gamma-ray emission in the Galactic plane at Galactic longitudes 25{\deg} < l < 100{\deg} and Galactic latitudes . The energy range covered by this analysis, from ~350 GeV to ~2 TeV, allows the connection of the region explored by Fermi with the multi-TeV measurements carried out by Milagro. Our analysis has been focused on two selected regions of the Galactic plane, i.e., 40{\deg} < l < 100{\deg} and 65{\deg} < l < 85{\deg} (the Cygnus region), where Milagro observed an excess with respect to the predictions of current models. Great care has been taken in order to mask the most intense gamma-ray sources, including the TeV counterpart of the Cygnus cocoon recently identified by ARGO-YBJ, and to remove residual contributions. The ARGO-YBJ results do not show any excess at sub-TeV energies corresponding to the excess found by Milagro, and are consistent with the predictions of the Fermi model for the diffuse Galactic emission. From the measured energy distribution we derive spectral indices and the differential flux at 1 TeV of the diffuse gamma-ray emission in the sky regions investigated., Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, published in APJ

Published
2015
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37. Performance of a SensL-30035-16P Silicon Photomultiplier array at liquid argon temperature

Author

Catalanotti, S., Cocco, A. G., Covone, G., Incecco, M. D, Fiorillo, G., Korga, G., Rossi, B., and Walker, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Next generation multi-ton scale noble liquid experiments have the unique opportunity to discover dark matter particles at the TeV scale, reaching the sensitivity of 10^-48 cm2 in the WIMP nucleon scattering cross-section. A prerequisite will be the reduction of radiogenic background sources to negligible levels. This is only possible if ultra pure high efficiency photosensors are available for the scintillation light readout. Current experiments (e.g. Xenon, LUX, Darkside, ArDM) use cryogenic PMTs as photosensors. An attractive alternative is represented by silicon photomultiplier arrays (SiPM arrays), which show unrivalled performances in single photon detection. This paper reports on the performance of the SensL-30035-16P SiPM array and a custom made cryogenic front-end board at the liquid argon temperature., Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures

Published
2015
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38. The analog Resistive Plate Chamber detector of the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari1, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini1, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The ARGO-YBJ experiment has been in stable data taking from November 2007 till February 2013 at the YangBaJing Cosmic Ray Observatory (4300 m a.s.l.). The detector consists of a single layer of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) ( about 6700 m^2}) operated in streamer mode. The signal pick-up is obtained by means of strips facing one side of the gas volume. The digital readout of the signals, while allows a high space-time resolution in the shower front reconstruction, limits the measurable energy to a few hundred TeV. In order to fully investigate the 1-10 PeV region, an analog readout has been implemented by instrumenting each RPC with two large size electrodes facing the other side of the gas volume. Since December 2009 the RPC charge readout has been in operation on the entire central carpet (about 5800 m^2). In this configuration the detector is able to measure the particle density at the core position where it ranges from tens to many thousands of particles per m^2. Thus ARGO-YBJ provides a highly detailed image of the charge component at the core of air showers. In this paper we describe the analog readout of RPCs in ARGO-YBJ and discuss both the performance of the system and the physical impact on the EAS measurements.

Published
2015
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39. The cosmic ray proton plus helium energy spectrum measured by the ARGO-YBJ experiment in the energy range 3-300 TeV

Author

Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Settanta, G., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The ARGO-YBJ experiment is a full-coverage air shower detector located at the Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Observatory (Tibet, People's Republic of China, 4300 m a.s.l.). The high altitude, combined with the full-coverage technique, allows the detection of extensive air showers in a wide energy range and offer the possibility of measuring the cosmic ray proton plus helium spectrum down to the TeV region, where direct balloon/space-borne measurements are available. The detector has been in stable data taking in its full configuration from November 2007 to February 2013. In this paper the measurement of the cosmic ray proton plus helium energy spectrum is presented in the region 3-300 TeV by analyzing the full collected data sample. The resulting spectral index is $\gamma = -2.64 \pm 0.01$. These results demonstrate the possibility of performing an accurate measurement of the spectrum of light elements with a ground based air shower detector., Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, preprint submitted to Phys. Rev. D

Published
2015
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40. Search for GeV Gamma Ray Bursts with the ARGO-YBJ Detector: Summary of Eight Years of Observations

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The search for Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) emission in the energy range 1-100 GeV in coincidence with the satellite detection has been carried out using the Astrophysical Radiation with Ground-based Observatory at YangBaJing (ARGO-YBJ) experiment. The high altitude location (4300 m a.s.l.), the large active surface ($\sim$ 6700 m$^2$ of Resistive Plate Chambers), the wide field of view ($\sim 2~$sr, limited only by the atmospheric absorption) and the high duty cycle ($>$ 86 %) make the ARGO-YBJ experiment particularly suitable to detect short and unexpected events like GRBs. With the scaler mode technique, i.e., counting all the particles hitting the detector with no measurement of the primary energy and arrival direction, the minimum threshold of $\sim$ 1 GeV can be reached, overlapping the direct measurements carried out by satellites. During the experiment lifetime, from December 17, 2004 to February 7, 2013, a total of 206 GRBs occurring within the ARGO-YBJ field of view (zenith angle $\theta$ $\le$ 45$^{\circ}$) have been analyzed. This is the largest sample of GRBs investigated with a ground-based detector. Two lightcurve models have been assumed and since in both cases no significant excess has been found, the corresponding fluence upper limits in the 1-100 GeV energy region have been derived, with values as low as 10$^{-5}~$erg cm$^{-2}$. The analysis of a subset of 24 GRBs with known redshift has been used to constrain the fluence extrapolation to the GeV region together with possible cutoffs under different assumptions on the spectrum., Comment: 43 pages, 6 figures, published in APJ

Published
2015
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41. The Knee of the Cosmic Hydrogen and Helium Spectrum below 1 PeV Measured by ARGO-YBJ and a Cherenkov Telescope of LHAASO

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Zizzi, G., Bai, Y. X., Chen, M. J., Chen, Y., Feng, S. H., Gao, B., Gu, M. H., Hou, C., Li, X. X., Liu, J. L., Wang, X., Xiao, G., Zhang, B. K., Zhang, S. S., Zhou, B., and Zuo, X.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The measurement of cosmic ray energy spectra, in particular for individual species, is an essential approach in finding their origin. Locating the "knees" of the spectra is an important part of the approach and has yet to be achieved. Here we report a measurement of the mixed Hydrogen and Helium spectrum using the combination of the ARGO-YBJ experiment and of a prototype Cherenkov telescope for the LHAASO experiment. A knee feature at 640+/-87 TeV, with a clear steepening of the spectrum, is observed. This gives fundamental inputs to galactic cosmic ray acceleration models.

Published
2015
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42. Identification of the TeV Gamma-ray Source ARGO J2031+4157 with the Cygnus Cocoon

Author

Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., DAmone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. DEttorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The extended TeV gamma-ray source ARGO J2031+4157 (or MGRO J2031+41) is positionally consistent with the Cygnus Cocoon discovered by $Fermi$-LAT at GeV energies in the Cygnus superbubble. Reanalyzing the ARGO-YBJ data collected from November 2007 to January 2013, the angular extension and energy spectrum of ARGO J2031+4157 are evaluated. After subtracting the contribution of the overlapping TeV sources, the ARGO-YBJ excess map is fitted with a two-dimensional Gaussian function in a square region of $10^{\circ}\times 10^{\circ}$, finding a source extension $\sigma_{ext}$= 1$^{\circ}$.8$\pm$0$^{\circ}$.5. The observed differential energy spectrum is $dN/dE =(2.5\pm0.4) \times 10^{-11}(E/1 TeV)^{-2.6\pm0.3}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ TeV$^{-1}$, in the energy range 0.2-10 TeV. The angular extension is consistent with that of the Cygnus Cocoon as measured by $Fermi$-LAT, and the spectrum also shows a good connection with the one measured in the 1-100 GeV energy range. These features suggest to identify ARGO J2031+4157 as the counterpart of the Cygnus Cocoon at TeV energies. The Cygnus Cocoon, located in the star-forming region of Cygnus X, is interpreted as a cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays related to the Cygnus superbubble. The spectral similarity with Supernova Remnants indicates that the particle acceleration inside a superbubble is similar to that in a SNR. The spectral measurements from 1 GeV to 10 TeV allows for the first time to determine the possible spectrum slope of the underlying particle distribution. A hadronic model is adopted to explain the spectral energy distribution., Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, has been accepted by ApJ for publication

Published
2014
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43. Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Protons and Helium Nuclei by a Hybrid Measurement at 4300 m a.s.l

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli8, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Sbano, S. N., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Collaboration, G. Zizzi for ARGO-YBJ, Bai, Y. X., Chen, M. J., Chen, Y., Feng, S. H., Gao, B., Gu, M. H., Hou, C., Li, X. X., Liu, J. L., Wang, X., Xiao, G., Zhang, B. K., Zhang, S. S., Zhou, B., and Collaboration, X. Zuo for LHAASO

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The energy spectrum of cosmic Hydrogen and Helium nuclei has been measured, below the so-called "knee", by using a hybrid experiment with a wide field-of-view Cherenkov telescope and the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) array of the ARGO-YBJ experiment at 4300 m above sea level. The Hydrogen and Helium nuclei have been well separated from other cosmic ray components by using a multi-parameter technique. A highly uniform energy resolution of about 25% is achieved throughout the whole energy range (100 TeV - 700 TeV). The observed energy spectrum is compatible with a single power law with index gamma=-2.63+/-0.06., Comment: To be published on Chinese Physics C

Published
2014
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44. Directionality for nuclear recoils in a LAr TPC

Author

Pino N., Agnes P., Ahmad I., Albergo S., Albuquerque I., Ave M., Bonivento W. M., Bottino B., Cadeddu M., Caminata A., Canci N., Cappello G., Caravati M., Catalanotti S., Cataudella V., Cesarano R., Cicalò C., Covone G., de Candia A., De Filippis G., De Rosa G., Dell’Aquila D., Davini S., Dionisi C., Dolganov G., Fiorillo G., Franco D., Galbiati C., Gulino M., Ippolito V., Kemmerich N., Kimura M., Kuss M., La Commara M., Li X., Mari S. M., Martoff C. J., Matteucci G., Oleynikov V., Pallavicini M., Pandola L., Rescigno M., Rode J., Sanfilippo S., Sosa A., Suvorov Y., Testera G., Tricomi A., Wada M., Wang H., Wang Y., and Zakhary P.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

In the direct searches for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) as Dark Matter candidates, the sensitivity of the detector to the incom- ing particle direction could provide a smoking gun signature for an interesting event. The SCENE collaboration firstly suggested the possible directional de- pendence of a dual-phase argon Time Projection Chamber through the columnar recombination effect. The Recoil Directionality project (ReD) within the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration aims to characterize the light and charge re- sponse of a liquid Argon dual-phase TPC to neutron-induced nuclear recoils to probe for the hint by SCENE. In this work, the directional sensitivity of the de- tector in the energy range of interest for WIMPs (20-100 keV) is investigated with a data-driven analysis involving a Machine Learning algorithm.

Published
2023
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45. Intrinsic linearity of bakelite Resistive Plate Chambers operated in streamer mode

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X.J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S.Z., Chen, T.L., Creti, P., Cui, S.W., Dai, B.Z., D’Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., D’Ettorre Piazzoli, B., Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C.F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q.B., Guo, Y.Q., He, H.H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H.Y., Labaciren, Li, H.J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M.Y., Lu, H., Ma, L.L., Ma, X.H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S.M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C.C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P.R., Sheng, X.D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y.H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C.Y., Wu, H.R., Xue, L., Yang, Q.Y., Yang, X.C., Yao, Z.G., Yuan, A.F., Zha, M., Zhang, H.M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X.Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X.X., Zhu, F.R., Zhu, Q.Q., and Zizzi, G.

Published
2019
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46. TeV gamma-ray survey of the Northern sky using the ARGO-YBJ detector

Author

Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., DAmone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. DEttorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Sbano, S. N., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The ARGO-YBJ detector is an extensive air shower array that has been used to monitor the northern $\gamma$-ray sky at energies above 0.3 TeV from 2007 November to 2013 January. In this paper, we present the results of a sky survey in the declination band from $-10^{\circ}$ to $70^{\circ}$, using data recorded over the past five years. With an integrated sensitivity ranging from 0.24 to $\sim$1 Crab units depending on the declination, six sources have been detected with a statistical significance greater than 5 standard deviations. Several excesses are also reported as potential $\gamma$-ray emitters. The features of each source are presented and discussed. Additionally, $95\%$ confidence level upper limits of the flux from the investigated sky region are shown. Specific upper limits for 663 GeV $\gamma$-ray AGNs inside the ARGO-YBJ field of view are reported. The effect of the absorption of $\gamma$-rays due to the interaction with extragalactic background light is estimated., Comment: 30 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication by ApJ

Published
2013
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47. Observation of TeV gamma-rays from the unidentified source HESS J1841-055 with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author

Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cattaneo, C., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Staiti, G. DAli, DAmone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. DEttorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Galeazzi, F., Giroletti, E., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., James, I., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Pagliaro, A., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Sbano, S. N., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report the observation of a very high energy \gamma-ray source, whose position is coincident with HESS J1841-055. This source has been observed for 4.5 years by the ARGO-YBJ experiment from November 2007 to July 2012. Its emission is detected with a statistical significance of 5.3 standard deviations. Parameterizing the source shape with a two-dimensional Gaussian function we estimate an extension \sigma=(0.40(+0.32,-0.22}) degree, consistent with the HESS measurement. The observed energy spectrum is dN/dE =(9.0-+1.6) x 10^{-13}(E/5 TeV)^{-2.32-+0.23} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} TeV^{-1}, in the energy range 0.9-50 TeV. The integral \gamma-ray flux above 1 TeV is 1.3-+0.4 Crab units, which is 3.2-+1.0 times the flux derived by HESS. The differences in the flux determination between HESS and ARGO-YBJ, and possible counterparts at other wavelengths are discussed., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, have been accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2013
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48. Long-term Monitoring on Mrk 501 for Its VHE gamma Emission and a Flare in October 2011

Author

Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bleve, C., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cattaneo, C., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Staiti, G. DAl, Danzengluobu, Dattoli, M., De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Galeazzi, F., Giroletti, E., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., James, I., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Pagliaro, A., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Stanescu, C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

As one of the brightest active blazars in both X-ray and very high energy $\gamma$-ray bands, Mrk 501 is very useful for physics associated with jets from AGNs. The ARGO-YBJ experiment is monitoring it for $\gamma$-rays above 0.3 TeV since November 2007. Starting from October 2011 the largest flare since 2005 is observed, which lasts to about April 2012. In this paper, a detailed analysis is reported. During the brightest $\gamma$-rays flaring episodes from October 17 to November 22, 2011, an excess of the event rate over 6 $\sigma$ is detected by ARGO-YBJ in the direction of Mrk 501, corresponding to an increase of the $\gamma$-ray flux above 1 TeV by a factor of 6.6$\pm$2.2 from its steady emission. In particular, the $\gamma$-ray flux above 8 TeV is detected with a significance better than 4 $\sigma$. Based on time-dependent synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) processes, the broad-band energy spectrum is interpreted as the emission from an electron energy distribution parameterized with a single power-law function with an exponential cutoff at its high energy end. The average spectral energy distribution for the steady emission is well described by this simple one-zone SSC model. However, the detection of $\gamma$-rays above 8 TeV during the flare challenges this model due to the hardness of the spectra. Correlations between X-rays and $\gamma$-rays are also investigated., Comment: have been accepted for publication at ApJ

Published
2012
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49. Observation of TeV gamma rays from the Cygnus region with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author

Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bleve, C., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cattaneo, C., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Staiti, G. D'Alí, Danzengluobu, Dattoli, M., De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Galeazzi, F., Giroletti, E., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., James, I., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Pagliaro, A., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Stanescu, C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report the observation of TeV gamma-rays from the Cygnus region using the ARGO-YBJ data collected from 2007 November to 2011 August. Several TeV sources are located in this region including the two bright extended MGRO J2019+37 and MGRO J2031+41. According to the Milagro data set, at 20 TeV MGRO J2019+37 is the most significant source apart from the Crab Nebula. No signal from MGRO J2019+37 is detected by the ARGO-YBJ experiment, and the derived flux upper limits at 90% confidence level for all the events above 600 GeV with medium energy of 3 TeV are lower than the Milagro flux, implying that the source might be variable and hard to be identified as a pulsar wind nebula. The only statistically significant (6.4 standard deviations) gamma-ray signal is found from MGRO J2031+41, with a flux consistent with the measurement by Milagro., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures

Published
2012
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50. Long-term monitoring of the TeV emission from Mrk 421 with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author

Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bleve, C., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cappa, A., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cattaneo, C., Celio, P., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Staiti, G. D'Alí, Danzengluobu, Dattoli, M., De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Galeazzi, F., Galeotti, P., Giroletti, E., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., James, I., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Pagliaro, A., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Qu, X. B., Rossi, E., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Stanescu, C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yan, Y. X., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

ARGO-YBJ is an air shower detector array with a fully covered layer of resistive plate chambers. It is operated with a high duty cycle and a large field of view. It continuously monitors the northern sky at energies above 0.3 TeV. In this paper, we report a long-term monitoring of Mrk 421 over the period from 2007 November to 2010 February. This source was observed by the satellite-borne experiments Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and Swift in the X-ray band. Mrk 421 was especially active in the first half of 2008. Many flares are observed in both X-ray and gamma-ray bands simultaneously. The gamma-ray flux observed by ARGO-YBJ has a clear correlation with the X-ray flux. No lag between the X-ray and gamma-ray photons longer than 1 day is found. The evolution of the spectral energy distribution is investigated by measuring spectral indices at four different flux levels. Hardening of the spectra is observed in both X-ray and gamma-ray bands. The gamma-ray flux increases quadratically with the simultaneously measured X-ray flux. All these observational results strongly favor the synchrotron self-Compton process as the underlying radiative mechanism., Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures

Published
2011
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