Author: "Castro-Quezada, Patricio" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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37 results on '"Castro-Quezada, Patricio"'

1. Vulnerability of mineral-associated soil organic carbon to climate across global drylands

Author: Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Maestre, Fernando T., Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Saiz, Hugo, Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Asensio, Sergio, Berdugo, Miguel, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Mendoza, Betty J., García-Gil, Juan C., Zaccone, Claudio, Panettieri, Marco, García-Palacios, Pablo, Fan, Wei, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Rey, Ana, Eisenhauer, Nico, Cesarz, Simone, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Aramayo, Valeria, Arroyo, Antonio I., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Ben Salem, Farah, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Branquinho, Cristina, Bu, Chongfeng, Cáceres, Yonatan, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Deák, Balázs, Dickman, Christopher R., Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew J., Durán, Jorge, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gaitán, Juan J., Gusman Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández-Hernández, Rosa M., von Hessberg, Andreas, Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth, Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán-Maza, Oswaldo, Geissler, Katja, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Kindermann, Liana, Koopman, Jessica E., Le Roux, Peter C., Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Liu, Jushan, Louw, Michelle A., Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Issa, Oumarou Malam, Marais, Eugene, Margerie, Pierre, Mazaneda, Antonio J., McClaran, Mitchel P., Messeder, João Vitor S., Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Reyes, Victor M., Rodríguez, Alexandra, Ruppert, Jan C., Sala, Osvaldo, Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Julius, Sloan, Michael, Solongo, Shijirbaatar, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew D., Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valko, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zeberio, Juan M., Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, and Plaza, César
Published: 2024
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2. Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands

Author: Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, Osvaldo, Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Saiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Gozalo, Beatriz, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian, Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew, Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel Augusto, Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew David, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Ivan, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gaitán, Juan, Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hernández, Rosa Mary, Hölzel, Norbert, Hughes, Frederic Mendes, Jadan, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Louw, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Issa, Oumarou Malam, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth, Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Emiliano Quiroga, R., Reed, Sasha, Rey, Ana, Rey, Pedro, Gómez, Víctor Manuel Reyes, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan Christian, Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew David, Tielbörger, Katja, Robles, Silvia Torres, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, and Maestre, Fernando T.
Published: 2024
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3. Author Correction: Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands

Author: Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, Osvaldo, Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Saiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Gozalo, Beatriz, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian, Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew, Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel Augusto, Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew David, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Ivan, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gaitán, Juan, Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hernández, Rosa Mary, Hölzel, Norbert, Hughes, Frederic Mendes, Jadan, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Louw, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Issa, Oumarou Malam, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth, Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Emiliano Quiroga, R., Reed, Sasha, Rey, Ana, Rey, Pedro, Gómez, Víctor Manuel Reyes, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan Christian, Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew David, Tielbörger, Katja, Robles, Silvia Torres, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, and Maestre, Fernando T.
Published: 2024
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4. Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands

Author: European Commission, Generalitat Valenciana, Hermon Slade Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Asia Foundation, Northern Arizona University, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Ministerio de Universidades (España), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Alcántara, Julio M. [0000-0002-8003-7844], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Davila, Yvonne C. [0000-0002-5144-5742], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], von Heßberg, Andreas [0009-0007-0303-3624], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, O., Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Sáiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Tielbörger, Katja, Torres Robles, Silvia, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Gozalo, Beatriz, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Yuanming, Zhang, Zhou, Xiaobing, Maestre, Fernando T., Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza de Carlos, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, L. H., Gaitán, Juan J., Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hölzel, Norbert, Mendes Hughes, Frederic, Jadán, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Low, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, Ana, Rey, P.J., Reyes Gómez, Víctor Manuel, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., Le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., European Commission, Generalitat Valenciana, Hermon Slade Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Asia Foundation, Northern Arizona University, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Ministerio de Universidades (España), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Alcántara, Julio M. [0000-0002-8003-7844], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Davila, Yvonne C. [0000-0002-5144-5742], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], von Heßberg, Andreas [0009-0007-0303-3624], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, O., Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Sáiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Tielbörger, Katja, Torres Robles, Silvia, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Gozalo, Beatriz, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Yuanming, Zhang, Zhou, Xiaobing, Maestre, Fernando T., Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza de Carlos, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, L. H., Gaitán, Juan J., Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hölzel, Norbert, Mendes Hughes, Frederic, Jadán, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Low, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, Ana, Rey, P.J., Reyes Gómez, Víctor Manuel, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., Le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, and Stephens, Colton R. A.
Abstract: Perennial plants create productive and biodiverse hotspots, known as fertile islands, beneath their canopies. These hotspots largely determine the structure and functioning of drylands worldwide. Despite their ubiquity, the factors controlling fertile islands under conditions of contrasting grazing by livestock, the most prevalent land use in drylands, remain virtually unknown. Here we evaluated the relative importance of grazing pressure and herbivore type, climate and plant functional traits on 24 soil physical and chemical attributes that represent proxies of key ecosystem services related to decomposition, soil fertility, and soil and water conservation. To do this, we conducted a standardized global survey of 288 plots at 88 sites in 25 countries worldwide. We show that aridity and plant traits are the major factors associated with the magnitude of plant effects on fertile islands in grazed drylands worldwide. Grazing pressure had little influence on the capacity of plants to support fertile islands. Taller and wider shrubs and grasses supported stronger island effects. Stable and functional soils tended to be linked to species-rich sites with taller plants. Together, our findings dispel the notion that grazing pressure or herbivore type are linked to the formation or intensification of fertile islands in drylands. Rather, our study suggests that changes in aridity, and processes that alter island identity and therefore plant traits, will have marked effects on how perennial plants support and maintain the functioning of drylands in a more arid and grazed world.
Published: 2024

5. CAPACIDAD HOSPEDANTE DE TRES ESPECIES DE SOLANÁCEAS DE LA SECCIÓN LASIOCARPA AL NEMATODO AGALLADOR DE LA RAÍZ MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA

Author: Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Pacheco-Atariguana, Luis, and Díaz-Granda, Lourdes
Published: 2023
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6. Caracterización de aislados virales en Solanum quitoense y Solanum lasiocarpum

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Amón Togra, Henry Luis, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, and Amón Togra, Henry Luis
Abstract: The cultivation of naranjilla represents one of the significant economic sectors at the level of the eastern communities of Ecuador, being a crop widely accepted both in the national and foreign markets. Among the main limitations that affect production and make it unprofitable are pests and diseases that limit its performance, using excessive use of pesticides to counteract the problems presented in situ. Taking into account the incidence of pests, these can be the main spreaders of more complex diseases such as viruses. In several locations in the Limón-Indanza canton, the incidence of possible symptoms related to viruses has been witnessed, such as: chlorosis, wrinkling of leaves, internerval mosaics, underdevelopment in plants, fruit abortion, highlighting the presence of possible viruses among different locations. The objective of this study was to characterize the viral isolates from 4 naranjilla producing localities in two species of the Lasiocarpa group, (S. quitoense and S. lasiocarpum), mechanical inoculations were carried out in the two species, evaluating the incidence and severity of the symptoms. Observed in the experimental units, a completely randomized design was carried out, for the severity variable it was measured at 15, 35 and 56 dai (days after inoculation), there were differences between the control and the viral isolates for each of the species. It was also identified that S. quitoense was more susceptible to damage than S. lasiocarpum. In the molecular part, no amplifications were observed with the primers used for PCR. In addition, the symptoms observed for each viral isolate were characterized, this work being a contribution of continuity and information for the southern region of the country.
Published: 2024

7. Evaluación de resistencia a la interacción entre Meloidogyne incognita y Fusarium oxysporum en una población segregante de la cruza entre Solanum quitoense y Solanum lasiocarpum

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Ramírez Bermeo, Oscar Andrés, Campos Urgilez, Liz Lorena, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Ramírez Bermeo, Oscar Andrés, and Campos Urgilez, Liz Lorena
Abstract: The cultivation of naranjilla (Solanum quitoense Lam.) represents one of the most important economic activities for a large number of communities in Ecuador. This crop is limited mainly by the affection of certain pathogens such as the nematodes Meloidogyne incognita together with the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, which are responsible for the deterioration in the development of the plants already established in the field. For this reason, the following study aims to evaluate a population of segregants of the cross between S. quitoense and the wild species S. lasiocarpum reported as resistant to the interaction between M. incognita and F. oxysporum, to determine the level of damage and to evaluate microsatellite molecular markers and RGAs. This research was carried out in two stages: a greenhouse stage in which the segregants infected with pathogens were evaluated after 90 days, where damage was analyzed at the morphological level; and a stage in the Biotechnology laboratory of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, in which different combinations of primers associated with resistance in other solanaceae were tested. The first phase involved inoculations in 12 populations (10 segregants, S. quitoense and S. lasiocarpum). A completely randomized design (CRD) was used in a 4x12 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The second phase was carried out in the laboratory where SSR and RGA molecular markers associated with resistance were analyzed for both the parents and the 10 segregating populations resulting from the cross between S. quitoense and S. lasiocarpum. According to the results obtained, it was observed that certain segregants and the parental S. lasiocarpum obtained the best results, since they showed significant differences compared to S. quitoense, the latter being susceptible compared to the other populations. As for molecular analysis, no amplifications were observed with the primers used for PCR
Published: 2024

8. Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands

Author: Maestre, Fernando T., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Saiz, Hugo, Berdugo, Miguel, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Gaitán, Juan J., Asensio, Sergio, Mendoza, Betty J., Plaza, César, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Rey, Ana, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Wang, Jun-Tao, Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C., Cesarz, Simone, Eisenhauer, Nico, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Sala, Osvaldo, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian, Negar, Alados, Concepción L., Aramayo, Valeria, Amghar, Fateh, Arredondo, Tulio, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Ben Salem, Farah, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Helena, Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Deák, Balázs, Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew J., Durán, Jorge, Erdenetsetseg, Batdelger, Espinosa, Carlos I., Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Frank, Anke S. K., Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gherardi, Laureano A., Greenville, Aaron C., Guerra, Carlos A., Gusmán-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hernández-Hernández, Rosa M., Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth, Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán-Maza, Oswaldo, Jeltsch, Florian, Jentsch, Anke, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Köbel, Melanie, Koopman, Jessica E., Leder, Cintia V., Linstädter, Anja, le Roux, Peter C., Li, Xinkai, Liancourt, Pierre, Liu, Jushan, Louw, Michelle A., Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Issa, Oumarou Malam, Manzaneda, Antonio J., Marais, Eugene, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Peter, Guadalupe, Pivari, Marco O. D., Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Rahmanian, Soroor, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, Pedro J., Richard, Benoit, Rodríguez, Alexandra, Rolo, Víctor, Rubalcaba, Juan G., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Schuchardt, Max A., Spann, Sedona, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., Swemmer, Anthony M., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew D., Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Ayuso, Sergio Velasco, Velbert, Frederike, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, Singh, Brajesh K., Gross, Nicolas, Universidad de Alicante, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université d'Alicante, Espagne (UA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Research Council, Generalitat Valenciana, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, German Research Foundation, European Commission, Asia Foundation, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Northern Arizona University, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), National Science Foundation (US), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), National Research Foundation (South Africa), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Australian Research Council, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Junta de Extremadura, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Environmental Investment Fund of Namibia, Taylor Family Foundation, Maestre, Fernando T., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Sáiz, Hugo, Berdugo, Miguel, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Gaitán, Juan J., Deák, Balázs, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Erdenetsetseg, Batdegleg, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Frank, Anke S. K., fraser, Lauchlan, Jeltsch, Florian, Gherardi, Laureano, Greenville, Aaron, Guerra, Carlos A., Gusmán Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández Hernández, Rosa M., Huber-Sannwald, E., Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán-Maza, O., Jentsch, Anke, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Koopman, Jesica E., Leder, Cintia, Linstädter, Anja, Le Roux, Peter C., Liancourt, Pierre, Liu, Jushan, Munson, Seth M., Low, Michelle A., Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P.7, Malam Issa, Oumarou7, Manzaneda, Antonio J., Marais, Eugene, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Peter, Guadalupe, Pivari, Marco O. D., Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, P.J., Teixido, Alberto L., Richard, Benoit, Rodríguez, Alexandra, Rolo, Víctor, Rubalcaba, Juan G., Salah, Ayman, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., Swemmer, Anthony, Thomas, Andrew, Throop, Heather L., Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velasco Ayuso, Sergio, Velbert, Frederike, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Asencio, Sergio, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Yuanming, Zhang, Singh, Brajesh K., Gross, Nicolas, Mendoza, Betty J., Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Wang, Jun-Tao, Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C., Cesarz, Simone, Eisenhauer, Nico, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Salas, O., Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Alados, Concepción L., Aramayo, Valeria, Amghar, Fateh, Arredondo, Tulio, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Salem, Farah Ben, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castro, Helena, Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio 'Ramón Margalef', Laboratorio de Ecología de Zonas Áridas y Cambio Global (DRYLAB), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: Livestock, Multidisciplinary, Climate Change, Drylands, Systems, Wild, Biodiversity, 580 Plants (Botany), Soil, Grazing, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Ecosystem services, Herbivory, Rangeland
Abstract: 7 páginas.- 4 figuras.- 32 referencias.- Supplementary materials: science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq4062 Materials and Methods Figs. S1 to S19 Tables S1 to S28 References (33–269) MDAR Reproducibility Checklist Movie S1.- Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and speciespoor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure. Copyright © 2022 the authors, Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure. Copyright © 2022 the authors, Funding: This research was funded by the European Research Council [ERC grant agreement 647038 (BIODESERT)] and Generalitat Valenciana (CIDEGENT/2018/ 041). F.T.M. acknowledges support from a Rei Jaume I Award, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, and the Synthesis Center (sDiv) of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle–Jena–Leipzig (iDiv). C.A.G., S.C., and N.E. acknowledge support from iDiv and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG– FZT 118, 202548816; Flexpool proposal 34600850). Y.L.B.-P. was supported by a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions Individual Fellowship (MSCA-IF) within the European Program Horizon 2020 (DRYFUN Project 656035). N.G. was supported by CAP 20-25 (16-IDEX-0001) and the AgreenSkills+ fellowship program, which has received funding from the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement N° FP7-609398 (AgreenSkills+ contract). B.B. and B.E. were supported by the Taylor Family–Asia Foundation Endowed Chair in Ecology and Conservation Biology. J.D., A.Ro., and H.C. acknowledge support from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (IF/00950/ 2014 and 2020.03670.CEECIND, SFRH/BDP/108913/2015, and in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4-6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, August 29, changed by Law 57/2017, July 19, respectively), as well as from the MCTES, FSE, UE, and the CFE (UIDB/04004/2020) research unit financed by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC). C.P. acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (ref. AGL201675762-R, AEI/FEDER, UE, and PID2020-116578RB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement no. 101000224. E.V. was funded by the 2017 program for attracting and retaining talent of Comunidad de Madrid (no. 2017‐T2/ AMB‐5406). M.A.B. acknowledges support from the School of Forestry and College of the Environment, Forestry and Natural Sciences of Northern Arizona University. E.H.-S. acknowledges support from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SEP-CB-2015-01-251388, PN 2017-5036 and PRONAII 319059). F.M.H. acknowledges support from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq - PCI/INMA) of the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI, processes number 302381/2020-1). H.L.T. acknowledges support from the US National Science Foundation (NSF) (DEB 0953864). A.N. and M.K. acknowledge support from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/130274/2017, CEECIND/02453/2018/CP1534/CT0001, PTDC/ASP-SIL/7743/2020 and UIDB/00329/2020). A.A.C. acknowledges support from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001. J.E.K. and T.P.M. acknowledge the National Research Foundation of South Africa (grant no. 114412). F.J. and N.B. acknowledge support from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in the framework of the SPACES projects OPTIMASS (FKZ: 01LL1302A) and ORYCS (FKZ:01LL1804A). A.Li. and A.S.K.F. acknowledge support from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in the framework of the SPACES projects Limpopo Living Landscapes (FKZ: 01LL1304D) and SALLnet (FKZ: 01LL1802C). L.W. acknowledges support from the US NSF (EAR 1554894). L.H.F. acknowledges support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Industrial Research Chair Program in Ecosystem Reclamation. S.C.R. acknowledges support from the US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area and the US Bureau of Land Management. G.M.W. acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council. L.v.d.B. and K.T. acknowledge support from the German Research Foundation (DFG) priority research program SPP-1803 “EarthShape: Earth Surface Shaping by Biota” (TI 338/14-1). M.D.-B. acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the I+D+i project PID2020-115813RA-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. M.D.-B. is also supported by a project of the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and the Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades of the Junta de Andalucía (FEDER Andalucía 2014-2020 Objetivo temático “01 - Refuerzo de la investigación, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación”) associated with the research project P20_00879 (ANDABIOMA). P.J.R. and A.J.M. acknowledge support from Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional through the FEDER Andalucía operative program, FEDER-UJA 1261180 project. A.F. thanks ANID PIA/BASAL FB210006 and Millennium Science Initiative Program NCN2021-050. A.J. acknowledges support from the Bavarian Research Alliance Germany (BayIntAn_UBT_2017_61). C.B. acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41971131). Biodiversity and ecosystem function research in the B.K.S. laboratory is funded by the Australian Research Council (DP210102081). Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this paper is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. H.S. is supported by a María Zambrano fellowship funded by the Ministry of Universities and European Union-Next Generation plan. G.P. and C.V.L. acknowledge support from Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (PI 40-C-873 and 654). V.R. acknowledges support from the Regional Government of Extremadura (Spain) through a “Talento” fellowship (TA18022). M.F. acknowledges support from the Department of Range and Watershed Management, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Participation of recent graduates in collecting field data at four sites in Namibia was supported by a capacity building grant to Gobabeb–Namib Research Institute by the Environmental Investment Fund in Namibia.
Published: 2022

9. Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands

Author: European Research Council, Generalitat Valenciana, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, German Research Foundation, European Commission, Asia Foundation, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Northern Arizona University, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), National Science Foundation (US), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), National Research Foundation (South Africa), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Australian Research Council, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Junta de Extremadura, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Environmental Investment Fund of Namibia, Taylor Family Foundation, Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Erdenetsetseg, Batdegleg [0000-0002-4508-8929], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Ferrante, Daniela [0000-0002-6056-3839], Frank, Anke S. K. [0000-0002-0177-4898], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Jeltsch, Florian [0000-0002-4670-6469], Gherardi, Laureano [0000-0001-5743-1096], Greenville, Aaron [0000-0002-0113-4778], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Gusmán Montalván, Elizabeth [0000-0002-3103-0419], Hernández Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Huber-Sannwald, E. [0000-0002-8321-1270], Hughes, Frederic M. [0000-0002-5835-953X], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Koopman, Jesica E. [0000-0002-7944-7969], Leder, Cintia [0000-0003-4829-4477], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Liu, Jushan [0000-0001-7768-914X], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Manzaneda, Antonio J. [0000-0001-9384-7910], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pivari, Marco O. D. [0000-0003-1764-4577], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Richard, Benoit [0000-0003-4522-027X], Rodríguez, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rubalcaba, Juan G. [0000-0003-4646-070X], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Swemmer, Anthony [0000-0003-1378-7394], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Throop, Heather L. [0000-0002-7963-4342], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Val, James [0000-0003-4519-4008], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velasco Ayuso, Sergio [0000-0002-5924-8786], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Asencio, Sergio [0000-0003-4376-2964], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo [0000-0002-2125-1197], Salas, O. [0000-0003-0142-9450], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Alados, Concepción L. [0000-0002-6227-861X], Aramayo, Valeria [0000-0003-4827-6914], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Arredondo, Tulio [0000-0003-1969-9942], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Bahalkeh, Khadijeh [0000-0003-1485-0316], Salem, Farah Ben [0000-0001-6100-9496], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Helena [0000-0003-1818-1535], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Currier, Courtney M. [0000-0002-7617-239X], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Maestre, Fernando T., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Sáiz, Hugo, Berdugo, Miguel, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Zhou, Xiaobing, Singh, Brajesh K., Gross, Nicolas, Mendoza, Betty, Plaza de Carlos, César, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Rey, Ana, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Wang, Jun-Tao, Bu, Chongfeng, Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C., Cesarz, Simone, Eisenhauer, Nico, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Salas, O., Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Alados, Concepcion L., Canessa, Rafaella, Aramayo, Valeria, Amghar, Fateh, Arredondo, Tulio, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Salem, Farah Ben, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Helena, Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Jeltsch, Florian, Deák, Balázs, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Erdenetsetseg, Batdegleg, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Frank, Anke S. K., Jentsch, Anke, Fraser, L. H., Gherardi, Laureano, Greenville, Aaron, Guerra, Carlos A., Gusmán Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández Hernández, Rosa M., Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, E., Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán, Oswaldo, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Koopman, Jesica E., Leder, Cintia, Linstädter, Anja, Le Roux, Peter C., Li, Xinkai, Liancourt, Pierre, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Liu, Jushan, Low, Michelle A., Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Manzaneda, Antonio J., Marais, Eugene, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Rolo, Víctor, Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Pivari, Marco O. D., Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Rahmanian, Soroor, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, P.J., Richard, Benoit, Rubalcaba, Juan G., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Schuchardt, Max A., Spann, Sedona, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., Swemmer, Anthony, Gaitán, Juan J., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velasco Ayuso, Sergio, Velbert, Frederike, Asencio, Sergio, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Yuanming, Zhang, European Research Council, Generalitat Valenciana, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, German Research Foundation, European Commission, Asia Foundation, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Northern Arizona University, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), National Science Foundation (US), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), National Research Foundation (South Africa), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Australian Research Council, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Junta de Extremadura, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Environmental Investment Fund of Namibia, Taylor Family Foundation, Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Erdenetsetseg, Batdegleg [0000-0002-4508-8929], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Ferrante, Daniela [0000-0002-6056-3839], Frank, Anke S. K. [0000-0002-0177-4898], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Jeltsch, Florian [0000-0002-4670-6469], Gherardi, Laureano [0000-0001-5743-1096], Greenville, Aaron [0000-0002-0113-4778], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Gusmán Montalván, Elizabeth [0000-0002-3103-0419], Hernández Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Huber-Sannwald, E. [0000-0002-8321-1270], Hughes, Frederic M. [0000-0002-5835-953X], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Koopman, Jesica E. [0000-0002-7944-7969], Leder, Cintia [0000-0003-4829-4477], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Liu, Jushan [0000-0001-7768-914X], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Manzaneda, Antonio J. [0000-0001-9384-7910], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pivari, Marco O. D. [0000-0003-1764-4577], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Richard, Benoit [0000-0003-4522-027X], Rodríguez, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rubalcaba, Juan G. [0000-0003-4646-070X], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Swemmer, Anthony [0000-0003-1378-7394], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Throop, Heather L. [0000-0002-7963-4342], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Val, James [0000-0003-4519-4008], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velasco Ayuso, Sergio [0000-0002-5924-8786], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Asencio, Sergio [0000-0003-4376-2964], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo [0000-0002-2125-1197], Salas, O. [0000-0003-0142-9450], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Alados, Concepción L. [0000-0002-6227-861X], Aramayo, Valeria [0000-0003-4827-6914], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Arredondo, Tulio [0000-0003-1969-9942], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Bahalkeh, Khadijeh [0000-0003-1485-0316], Salem, Farah Ben [0000-0001-6100-9496], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Helena [0000-0003-1818-1535], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Currier, Courtney M. [0000-0002-7617-239X], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Maestre, Fernando T., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Sáiz, Hugo, Berdugo, Miguel, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Zhou, Xiaobing, Singh, Brajesh K., Gross, Nicolas, Mendoza, Betty, Plaza de Carlos, César, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Rey, Ana, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Wang, Jun-Tao, Bu, Chongfeng, Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C., Cesarz, Simone, Eisenhauer, Nico, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Salas, O., Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Alados, Concepcion L., Canessa, Rafaella, Aramayo, Valeria, Amghar, Fateh, Arredondo, Tulio, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Salem, Farah Ben, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Helena, Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Jeltsch, Florian, Deák, Balázs, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Erdenetsetseg, Batdegleg, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Frank, Anke S. K., Jentsch, Anke, Fraser, L. H., Gherardi, Laureano, Greenville, Aaron, Guerra, Carlos A., Gusmán Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández Hernández, Rosa M., Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, E., Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán, Oswaldo, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Koopman, Jesica E., Leder, Cintia, Linstädter, Anja, Le Roux, Peter C., Li, Xinkai, Liancourt, Pierre, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Liu, Jushan, Low, Michelle A., Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Manzaneda, Antonio J., Marais, Eugene, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Rolo, Víctor, Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Pivari, Marco O. D., Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Rahmanian, Soroor, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, P.J., Richard, Benoit, Rubalcaba, Juan G., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Schuchardt, Max A., Spann, Sedona, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., Swemmer, Anthony, Gaitán, Juan J., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velasco Ayuso, Sergio, Velbert, Frederike, Asencio, Sergio, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, and Yuanming, Zhang
Abstract: Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure. Copyright © 2022 the authors
Published: 2022

10. Capacidad hospedante de tres especies de solanáceas de la sección Lasiocarpa al nematodo agallador de la raíz Meloidogyne incognita

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio, Díaz Granda, Lourdes, Pacheco Atariguana, Luis, Castro Quezada, Patricio, Díaz Granda, Lourdes, and Pacheco Atariguana, Luis
Abstract: Root knot nematode M. incognita is one of the most dangerous and common species affecting Solanaceae family, including the naranjilla crop (S. quitoense). The objective of this work was to evaluate three species of Solanaceas as hosts (S. sessiliflorum, S. hirtum and S. quitoense) for an isolated of M. incognita in greenhouse. Plants of three species were planted in pots and each plant was inoculated with 2500 eggs and second stage juveniles (J2). Host suitability was assessed 80 days after inoculation. Initial inoculum was obtained from infested roots of S. quitoense plants collected in commercial naranjilla orchards. A completely randomized experimental design was used. The variables evaluated at 80 days after inoculation were: gall index (GI), nematode reproduction factor (RF), dry weight of the foliar area, plant height and stem diameter. All species were galled, but S. sessiliflorum and S. hirtum showed the least number of root knots with values of 33.73 and 34.73. Both were classified as resistant / hypersensitive with reproduction factors of 0.94 and 0.85 (RF> 1) respectively, while S. quitoense was susceptible with a value of 1.56. In terms of foliage yield (dry weight), plant height and stem diameter, S. sessiliflorum and S. hirtum showed a tolerance response in relation to S. quitoense., El nematodo del nudo de la raíz Meloidogyne incognita es una de las especies más peligrosas y comunes que afectan a las solanáceas, entre ellas la naranjilla Solanum quitoense. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el potencial reproductivo de un aislamiento de M. incognita en tres especies de Solanaceas en invernadero: Solanum sessiliflorum, Solanum hirtum (reportada anteriormente como resistente) y S. quitoense (susceptible). Plantas de las tres especies fueron sembradas en maceta y a las cuatro semanas fueron inoculadas con 2500 huevos más juveniles en estado 2 (J2). El inóculo inicial se obtuvo de raíces infestadas de plantas de S. quitoense recolectadas en huertos comerciales de naranjilla. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado. Las variables evaluadas a los 80 días después de la inoculación fueron: índice de agallas (GI), factor de reproducción de nematodos (RF), peso seco del área foliar, altura de la planta y diámetro del tallo. Se encontró que las tres especies mostraron agallamiento, pero S. sessiliflorum y S. hirtum mostraron el menor número de nudos de raíz con valores de 33,73 y 34,73. Además, S. sessiliflorum y S. hirtum presentaron una categoría de resistente/hipersensitivo con factores de reproducción de 0,94 y 0,85 (RF > 1) respectivamente, mientras que S. quitoense fue susceptible con un valor de 1,56. En términos de rendimiento de follaje (peso seco), altura de la planta y diámetro del tallo se observó una respuesta de tolerancia en S. sessiliflorum y S. hirtum en relación a S. quitoense.
Published: 2023

11. Evaluación in vitro de biofungicidas y ácido salicílico frente a fungicidas químicos para el control de antracnosis en tomate de árbol

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Torres Gómez, María José, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, and Torres Gómez, María José
Abstract: Anthracnose known as "chicken eye", caused by the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum sp, which is widely distributed in production areas, is the most important disease, since the pathogen not only attacks the fruit at any phenological stage but also the leaves, branches and inflorescences, thus reducing the productive life of the tree by up to 50%. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate, under in vitro conditions, biofungicides and salicylic acid against chemical products for the control of anthracnose in tree tomato. Samples were taken from 12 farms distributed in the provinces of Azuay, Loja and Cañar. For the collection, the fruits presented the characteristics of the disease as black lesions, accompanied by masses of pink conidia. These samples were subjected to isolation and purification for inhibition tests. The treatments evaluated were salicylic acid 0.4mM, Bacillus subtilis 5ml/L, Bacillus pumilus 5ml/L, pyraclostrobin 13.3% + epoxiconazole 5% 1ml/L, captan 1g/L, difenoconazole 0.75ml/L, and iprodione 1ml/L plus a control treatment. At the in vitro level, salicylic acid inhibited mycelial growth of Colletotrichum sp. from samples collected in the provinces of Azuay, Loja and Cañar, while the T5 treatment (captan) inhibited mycelial growth in samples from Azuay and Loja in the localities of Don Julo, Urdaneta and Saraguro.
Published: 2023

12. Capacidad hospedante de tres especies de solanáceas de la sección lasiocarpa al nematodo agallador de la raíz meloidogyne incognita

Author: Díaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Pacheco Atariguana, Luis Daniel, Díaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, and Pacheco Atariguana, Luis Daniel
Abstract: Root knot nematode M. incognita is one of the most dangerous and common species affecting Solanaceae family, including the naranjilla crop (S. quitoense). The objective of this work was to evaluate three species of Solanaceas as hosts (S. sessiliflorum, S. hirtum and S. quitoense) for an isolated of M. incognita in greenhouse. Plants of three species were planted in pots and each plant was inoculated with 2500 eggs and second stage juveniles (J2). Host suitability was assessed 80 days after inoculation. Initial inoculum was obtained from infested roots of S. quitoense plants collected in commercial naranjilla orchards. A completely randomized experimental design was used. The variables evaluated at 80 days after inoculation were: gall index (GI), nematode reproduction factor (RF), dry weight of the foliar area, plant height and stem diameter. All species were galled, but S. sessiliflorum and S. hirtum showed the least number of root knots with values of 33.73 and 34.73. Both were classified as resistant / hypersensitive with reproduction factors of 0.94 and 0.85 (RF> 1) respectively, while S. quitoense was susceptible with a value of 1.56. In terms of foliage yield (dry weight), plant height and stem diameter, S. sessiliflorum and S. hirtum showed a tolerance response in relation to S. quitoense.
Published: 2023

13. Capacidad hospedante de tres especies de solanáceas de la sección Lasiocarpa al nematodo agallador de la raíz Meloidogyne incognita

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio, primary, Díaz Granda, Lourdes, additional, and Pacheco Atariguana, Luis, additional
Published: 2022
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14. Caracterización de ocho cultivares de tomate riñón hasta su fase de floración bajo cubierta plástica, y evaluación de resistencia al hongo Oidium sp.

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Anguisaca Prado, Nery Javier, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, and Anguisaca Prado, Nery Javier
Abstract: In this work, the morphological characterization and the resistance to powdery mildew of eight kidney tomato cultivars (New Yorken, Rodade, Rosa de Berna, Lignon, Caraibo, LA1033, LA3863, Sheila), improved by INRA (National Institute of Agricultural Research) were evaluated. of France), for this it was carried out in the canton of Cuenca, province of Azuay, implanting the cultivation under plastic cover with a completely random design (DCA). The parameters measured in the trial were: emergence percentage, setting percentage, plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, days to flowering, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster, fruit weight, incidence and severity of powdery mildew. The LA1033 and LA3863 cultivars obtained 100% germination, while the yield for the Caraibo cultivar was the lowest with 78%, a lower value than the other varieties whose values were 100%, the LA 1033 cultivar presented higher foliage with an average of 14.44 leaves eighty days after transplanting. The LA3863 cultivar was the earliest for days to flowering with an average of 53.56 days. With regard to powdery mildew, infection occurred only in the Lignon and Rodade cultivars with a severity value of 1.98% for Lignon and 4.8% for Rodade, characterizing them as tolerant, however, the rest of the cultivars have immunity characteristics. in which they were not infected with powdery mildew, in addition, no fruiting was obtained for cultivars LA1033 and LA3863, so their use is not recommended for local conditions.
Published: 2022

15. Diagnóstico de enfermedades virales en Solanum betaceum (tomate de árbol) en los cantones Paute y Guachapala, provincia del Azuay

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Ávila Proaño, Mariuxi Elizabeth, Bermeo Illescas, José Eduardo, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Ávila Proaño, Mariuxi Elizabeth, and Bermeo Illescas, José Eduardo
Abstract: In the cantons Guachapala and Paute, Solanum betaceum (tomate de árbol), is a fruit tree highly cultivated, and base of local economy. Just like another crops, the performance of this crop has been affected by different pathogens, such as: bacteria, fungus, etc. In addition to this problems, viral diseases symptoms has been observed, nevertheless, there are not studies that afford to know the etiological origin of theses. This research diagnosed by the molecular and the symptomatic way the phytopatogens viruses in tomato tree in the cantons Guachapala and Paute. Firstly, leaves with the most common symptoms of virosis were collected (chlorosis, mosaics, leaf deformation, blistering and mottling). Then of each tomato producer locality, a viral isolated were obtained and, it was inoculated in healthy seedling plants. The symptoms were development for eight weeks and after that, the morphological and molecular analysis was carried out. Morphological, the incidence and severity of each symptom was analyzed, where the leaf deformation was the symptom with the higher incidence 69,52% follow by blistering 54,35%. In the case of mosaics, chlorosis and mottles, the higher incidence observed was: 49,92%, 50% and 51,36%, respectively. According to the literature, the inducted symptoms by the different viral isolates belongs to viral diseases being the PLRV and PVY the main causals agents of all the analyzed symptoms. With the exception of leaf deformation, the AMV has been related with the others symptoms analyzed, and it is possible that the blistering is the product of the interaction between three causal agents: PLRV, PVY and ToMV. In this study, no one amplification was observed with the primers used.
Published: 2022

16. Evaluación de la resistencia de seis variedades de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) a tres cepas de Fusarium spp.

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Padilla Romero, Byron Mauricio, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, and Padilla Romero, Byron Mauricio
Abstract: In Ecuador, one of the factors that limit wheat production are diseases, one of the most important being the disease called “fusariosis” of the ear of wheat. This disease is caused by various species of the fungus Fusarium spp. This disease is of great economic importance because it can reduce production by more than 50%. The present research work was carried out in a greenhouse, in order to evaluate the resistance of six wheat varieties previously described as resistant to infection by three strains of Fusarium spp. The morphological characterization of the strains was carried out based on taxonomic keys and for molecular identification, PCR was used through the use of specific primers for Fusarium graminearum, defined in the galacto oxidase gene (gaoA). Punctual inoculation of three strains of Fusarium spp., was carried out in wheat ears at the anthesis stage. All the wheat varieties evaluated presented a reaction of resistance to Fusarium, also the three strains of Fusarium spp. were able to infect all wheat cultivars and induced the characteristic symptoms of Fusarium head blight (TEF). There were highly significant differences between the strains regarding the measurement of the incidence and severity variables. According to the cultural and morphological characteristics observed in carnation leaf agar medium (CLA), the three strains were identified within the genus Fusarium, but it was not possible to confirm to which species they belonged. There was no PCR amplification with the specific primers designed for F. graminearum.
Published: 2022

17. Determinación del agente causal de la antracnosis en Annona cherimola (chirimoya) en el cantón Gualaceo provincia del Azuay

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Álvarez Fajardo, Mélida Lizeth, Tenesaca Bojorque, Diana Andrea, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Álvarez Fajardo, Mélida Lizeth, and Tenesaca Bojorque, Diana Andrea
Abstract: Anthracnose is a fungal disease that causes serious losses in the cherimoya crop in Ecuador. The disease causes serious damage to the fruit and its control is mainly based on the use of chemical products. According to studies, Colletotrichum spp. has been reported as the causal agent of anthracnose in cherimoya, but the species has not been defined. In the present study, the morphological characterization and molecular identification of 10 strains of Colletotrichum spp. of cherimoya was carried out in different localities of the province of Azuay. For morphological characterization, the variables evaluated were: colony growth, colony coloration, colony type and conidial shape. For molecular identification, PCR analysis was performed with specific primers reported for C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum, designed in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Based on the morphological characteristics and PCR analysis, it was determined that in Guachapala canton the pathogen responsible for anthracnose corresponds to a complex of C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum, while in Gualaceo the species causing the disease is C. acutatum.
Published: 2022

18. Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Maestre, Fernando T., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Saiz, Hugo, Berdugo, Miguel, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Bowker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Helena, Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Jadán-Maza, Oswaldo, Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Deák, Balázs, Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew J., Durán, Jorge, Erdenetsetseg, Batdelger, Espinosa, Carlos I., Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Jeltsch, Florian, Ferrante, Daniela, Frank, Anke S.K., Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gherardi, Laureano A., Greenville, Aaron C., Guerra, Carlos A., Gusmán-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hernández-Hernández, Rosa M., Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth, Jentsch, Anke, Hughes, Frederic M., Kaseke, Kudzai F., Köbel, Melanie, Koopman, Jessica E., Leder, Cintia V., Linstädter, Anja, le Roux, Peter C., Li, Xinkai, Richard, Benoit, Liancourt, Pierre, Liu, Jushan, Louw, Michelle A., Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Manzaneda, Antonio J., Marais, Eugene, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Rodríguez, Alexandra, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Peter, Guadalupe, Pivari, Marco O.D., Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Rahmanian, Soroor, Reed, Sasha C., Rolo, Víctor, Rey, Pedro J., Rubalcaba, Juan G., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Schuchardt, Max A., Spann, Sedona, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R.A., Gaitán, Juan J., Swemmer, Anthony M., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew D., Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velasco Ayuso, Sergio, Asensio, Sergio, Velbert, Frederike, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, Singh, Brajesh K., Mendoza, Betty J., Gross, Nicolas, Plaza, César, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Rey, Ana, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Wang, Jun‐Tao, Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C., Cesarz, Simone, Eisenhauer, Nico, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo, Sala, Osvaldo, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian, Negar, Alados, Concepción L., Aramayo, Valeria, Amghar, Fateh, Arredondo, Tulio, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Ben Salem, Farah, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Maestre, Fernando T., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Saiz, Hugo, Berdugo, Miguel, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Bowker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Helena, Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Jadán-Maza, Oswaldo, Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Deák, Balázs, Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew J., Durán, Jorge, Erdenetsetseg, Batdelger, Espinosa, Carlos I., Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Jeltsch, Florian, Ferrante, Daniela, Frank, Anke S.K., Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gherardi, Laureano A., Greenville, Aaron C., Guerra, Carlos A., Gusmán-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hernández-Hernández, Rosa M., Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth, Jentsch, Anke, Hughes, Frederic M., Kaseke, Kudzai F., Köbel, Melanie, Koopman, Jessica E., Leder, Cintia V., Linstädter, Anja, le Roux, Peter C., Li, Xinkai, Richard, Benoit, Liancourt, Pierre, Liu, Jushan, Louw, Michelle A., Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Manzaneda, Antonio J., Marais, Eugene, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Rodríguez, Alexandra, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Peter, Guadalupe, Pivari, Marco O.D., Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Rahmanian, Soroor, Reed, Sasha C., Rolo, Víctor, Rey, Pedro J., Rubalcaba, Juan G., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Schuchardt, Max A., Spann, Sedona, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R.A., Gaitán, Juan J., Swemmer, Anthony M., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew D., Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velasco Ayuso, Sergio, Asensio, Sergio, Velbert, Frederike, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, Singh, Brajesh K., Mendoza, Betty J., Gross, Nicolas, Plaza, César, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Rey, Ana, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Wang, Jun‐Tao, Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C., Cesarz, Simone, Eisenhauer, Nico, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo, Sala, Osvaldo, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian, Negar, Alados, Concepción L., Aramayo, Valeria, Amghar, Fateh, Arredondo, Tulio, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Ben Salem, Farah, Blaum, Niels, and Boldgiv, Bazartseren
Abstract: Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure.
Published: 2022

19. HOST STATUS OF THREE SOLANACEAE SPECIES FROM LASIOCARPA SECTION TO ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE Meloidogyne Incognita.

Author: Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Pacheco-Atariguana, Luis, and Díaz-Granda, Lourdes
Subjects: *ROOT-knot nematodes, *SOUTHERN root-knot nematode, *ROOT-knot, *PLANT collecting, *SOLANACEAE, *SOLANUM, *SPECIES, *PLANT stems, *PLANT species
Abstract: Root knot nematode M. incognita is one of the most dangerous and common species affecting Solanaceae family, including the naranjilla crop (S. quitoense). The objective of this work was to evaluate three species of Solanaceas as hosts (S. sessiliflorum, S. hirtum and S. quitoense) for an isolated of M. incognita in greenhouse. Plants of three species were planted in pots and each plant was inoculated with 2500 eggs and second stage juveniles (J2). Host suitability was assessed 80 days after inoculation. Initial inoculum was obtained from infested roots of S. quitoense plants collected in commercial naranjilla orchards. A completely randomized experimental design was used. The variables evaluated at 80 days after inoculation were: gall index (GI), nematode reproduction factor (RF), dry weight of the foliar area, plant height and stem diameter. All species were galled, but S. sessiliflorum and S. hirtum showed the least number of root knots with values of 33.73 and 34.73. Both were classified as resistant / hypersensitive with reproduction factors of 0.94 and 0.85 (RF> 1) respectively, while S. quitoense was susceptible with a value of 1.56. In terms of foliage yield (dry weight), plant height and stem diameter, S. sessiliflorum and S. hirtum showed a tolerance response in relation to S. quitoense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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20. Estado actual del uso de marcadores moleculares en el diagnóstico y control genético de enfermedades de naranjilla

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Savador, primary, Díaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth, additional, and Belesaca Morocho, Iván Robalino, additional
Published: 2021
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21. Identification of Reference Genes for Normalizing RNA Expression in Potato Roots Infected with Cyst Nematodes

Author: Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Aarrouf, Jawad, Claverie, Michel, Favery, Bruno, Mugniéry, Didier, Lefebvre, Véronique, and Caromel, Bernard
Published: 2013
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22. Estado actual del uso de marcadores moleculares en el diagnóstico y control genético de enfermedades de naranjilla

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Belesaca Morocho, Ivan Robalino, Díaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Belesaca Morocho, Ivan Robalino, and Díaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth
Abstract: Naranjilla or lulo (Solanum quitoense) is an important native fruit crop to northwestern South America. It is planted mainly in Colombia and Ecuador and is increasingly in demand worldwide. However, it is very susceptible to attack by pests and diseases. In Ecuador, the main pathogens that attack naranjilla are Fusarium oxysporum and Meloidogyne incognita. In addition, a virus of the Tymoviridae family has been detected, which was called Naranjilla chlorotic mosaic virus (NarCMV) and a viru that causes mosaic that has been called Naranjilla mild mosaic virus (NarMMV). Presence of these pathogens has been detected in using different molecular techniques. This report presents the current status in the use of molecular markers, both in diagnosis of diseases and in detection of information related to resistance in naranjilla crop.
Published: 2021

23. Identificación molecular y caracterización de síntomas de aislados virales de naranjilla en 3 especies de la sección Lasiocarpa (S. quitoense, S. hirtum y S. sessiflorum)

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Martínez Escovar, Mayco Vinicio, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, and Martínez Escovar, Mayco Vinicio
Abstract: The naranjilla is an important item for the southern Amazon of Ecuador because it is one of the main sources of income for local families. However, it has great limitations caused by pests and diseases. The lack of information on viral infections in the Amazon south of the Equator, encouraged the realization of this study, whose objective was to determine the molecular identity and characterize the symptoms of asylees viral naranjilla of 4 commercial lots of the canton Palanda in 3 species of the section lasiocarpa (S. quitoense, S. hirtum and S. sessiflorum). Mechanical inoculations of viral isolates were performed in the 3 species and the incidence and severity of symptoms were evaluated. A completely random design was applied and the variables were measured at 20, 25 and 30 dpi. There was a statistically significant difference in the severity variable (Tukey p < 0.05) between the control and the 4 viral isolates in each species. In addition, a higher level of damage caused by isolates was determined in S. quitoense than in S. sessiflorum and S. hirtum. To determine the molecular identity, 16 solanaceaes virus primers were evaluated using the RT-PCR technique. The presence of a viral complex between CMV and PYVV was identified. In addition, the symptomatology of this viral complex was characterized, consisting of intervenal chlorosis, leaf wrinkles, necrosis, mosaics, chlorotic rings, leathery leaves, among others. It is the first report of mixed infection of viruses that infect the naranjilla in Ecuador and is of great value given the obvious deficiencies of information currently available on the causative agents of virosis in this crop.
Published: 2021

24. Evaluación de la resistencia a la interacción entre Meloidogyne incognita y Fusarium oxysporum en dos especies de la sección Lasiocarpa: Solanum hirtum y Solanum sp.

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Reyna Sánchez, Erika Carolina, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, and Reyna Sánchez, Erika Carolina
Abstract: In Ecuador, cultivation of naranjilla crop (Solanum quitoense Lam.) is mainly limited by the nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Interaction between these two pathogens causes low production and in some cases total loss of the crop. This research was carried out with the objective of evaluating the resistance to interaction between M. incognita and F. oxysporum in two species of the Lasiocarpa section: Solanum hirtum and Solanum sp. The study consisted of two phases: first, inoculation of M. incognita and F. oxysporum for three species on greenhouse; and, second, search for molecular markers associated with resistance. For the first phase, seedlings of approximately two months old of S. hirtum, Solanum sp. and S. quitoense (sensitive control) were inoculated with M. incognita and F. oxysporum. A randomized complete block design (DBCA) in a 3x3 factorial arrangement with five repetitions was used. For the second phase, molecular markers SSR and RGAs associated with resistance were analyzed in the Molecular Biology Laboratory of the University of Cuenca for parents and a segregating population of S. hirtum x S. quitoense cross. The results showed indicate that S. hirtum and Solanum sp. obtained the best performances in terms of the variables accumulated biomass, height, stem diameter, degree of discoloration and degree of severity of wilting, since they presented significant differences compared to the sensitive control S. quitoense. Two SSR markers and four RGAs markers based on resistance genes showed polymorphism. They amplified only in S. hirtum, and presented polymorphism in the segregating population of the S. hirtum x S. quitoense cross.
Published: 2021

25. Estado actual del uso de marcadores moleculares en el diagnóstico y control genético de enfermedades del tomate de árbol

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Palacios Valdiviezo, Manuel Alfonso, Díaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Palacios Valdiviezo, Manuel Alfonso, and Díaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth
Abstract: Tree tomato is a crop of Andean origin. This is cultivated mainly in South America and it is increasingly in demand worldwide. However, it is a crop very susceptible to pests and diseases. There are currently improvement programs to obtain resistant cultivars that include wild species for introgression of features of interest such as disease resistance and improvement of fruit quality in commercial plantations. However, although some segregators of the crosses made have shown resistance in field conditions, the information available regarding molecular markers useful in the interactions of this crop with its main pathogens is scarce. In Ecuador, the main pathogens that attack tree tomatoes are Colletotrichum sp., Meloidogyne sp. and virus species classified in six genera: Potyvirus, Cucumovirus, Tospovirus, Tobamovirus, Potexvirus and Polerovirus. The presence of these pathogens has been detected with the use of different molecular techniques. This report presents the current status in the use of molecule markers, both in the diagnosis of diseases, and in the detection of resistance-related information.
Published: 2020

26. “Determinación de la resistencia a Meloidogyne incognita, en tres especies de la sección Lasiocarpa: Solanum quitoense, Solanum hirtum y Solanum sp.”

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Pacheco Atariguana, Luis Daniel, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, and Pacheco Atariguana, Luis Daniel
Abstract: The naranjilla crop has a great potential in Ecuador, due to its excellent organoleptic characteristics. Nevertheless, the crop has a high susceptibility to attack of nematode Meloydogyne incognita, sometimes occasioning the total loss of crop. This research was carried out under greenhouse and the objectives were: determine the resistance to Meloidogyne incognita, in three species of the Lasiocarpa section: S. quitoense, S. hirtum and Solanum sp; and, find RGAs and SSR molecular markers associated with resistance. For phenotypic analysis, a completely randomized design with five repetitions was used, and for molecular analysis the polymorphism based on absence or presence of amplification products was considered. Nematode inoculum was extracted from roots infected with naranjilla. For molecular analyzes, we used RGAs and SSR primers defined on homology regions for crop resistance genes previously identified. We found that for variables: accumulated biomass, population increase, incidence, index of knotty and severity, results showed highly significant differences between S. hirtum and Solanum sp. with respect to susceptible specie (S. quitoense) at 80 days of evaluation. Regarding the molecular markers, we found two pairs of primers that amplified in S. hirtum and S. quitoense: an RGA defined on an LRR domain and an SSR defined in pepper. No amplifications were obtained in Solanum sp. Furthermore, these primers were found to be polymorphic in the segregating population between S. quitoense and S. hirtum.
Published: 2019

27. Caracterización morfológica y molecular del agente causal de la antracnosis en tomate de árbol en Azuay y Loja

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Bravo Zúñiga, Catalina, Cabrera Cabrera, Rolendio Anibal, Quillay Curay, Norma, Ramon Montoya, Maria Teresita de jesus, Belesaca Morocho, Ivan Robalino, Diaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Bravo Zúñiga, Catalina, Cabrera Cabrera, Rolendio Anibal, Quillay Curay, Norma, Ramon Montoya, Maria Teresita de jesus, Belesaca Morocho, Ivan Robalino, and Diaz Granda, Lourdes Elizabeth
Abstract: Anthracnose is a fungal disease that causes serious losses in tree tomatoes in Ecuador. This disease causes serious damage to fruits and its control is based mainly on use of chemical products. In Ecuador, the genera Colletotrichum acutatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides have been reported to be the causal agent of anthracnose, based on morphological characteristics. In this study, the morphological and molecular characterization of 16 isolates of Colletotrichum spp. of tree tomato, in six different localities in the provinces of Azuay and Loja. Morphological characterization was carried out for variables such as colony color and conidium shape, while molecular characterization was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR experiments was carried out with specific primers reported for C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides, designed in the internal transcription spacer (ITS). Based on morphological and molecular characterization, it was determined that the causative agent of anthracnose for the provinces of Azuay and Loja is the C. acutatum complex, represented by C. tamarilloi. Isolates presented characteristics of this species and molecular analysis allowed to confirm this result, generating amplifications of molecular weights of approximately 500 bp, while with the specific primers of C. gloeosporioides no amplification was obtained. This molecular characterization confirms results that place the C. acutatum complex as the causative agent of anthracnose in the Southern region of Ecuador.
Published: 2019

28. Identificación molecular por PCR del gusano cogollero en el Sur del Ecuador

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Quillay Curay, Norma, Bravo Zúñiga, Catalina, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Quillay Curay, Norma, and Bravo Zúñiga, Catalina
Abstract: Spodoptera frugiperda is an insect pest of corn. This polyphagous species is included within the group of the armyworms, considered pests of economic importance in several countries of America. In corn, these larvae cause damage from the seedling to pre-ripeness stages. Identification of Lepidoptera is usually based on the morphology of adults, meaning that larvae must reach adulthood for their identification. Nevertheless, the larval period is the stage that causes mayor damage in corn. Currently, the use of molecular tools such as PCR, based on mitochondrial or nuclear DNA sequences, has been used for unambiguous identification of pests or biotypes from larvae. The objective of this study was to identify the presence of S. frugiperda species in white corn crops in the South of Ecuador at molecular level. For this, we used a PCR analysis with specific primers for S. frugiperda at the level of the mitochondrial gene of subunit 1 cytochrome oxidase (COI) I. A total of 360 larvae were collected in 36 sites distributed in three provinces: 18 in Azuay, 12 in Cañar and 6 in Loja, between January and March 2015. As a result, amplifications of molecular weights of approximately 500 pb corresponding to S. frugiperda were generated. This molecular characterization is, to our knowledge, the first one performed for the Austro of Ecuador.
Published: 2019

29. Identificación molecular por PCR del gusano cogollero en el Sur del Ecuador

Author: Castro-Quezada, Patricio, primary, Quillay-Curay, Norma, additional, and Bravo-Zúñiga, Catalina, additional
Published: 2019
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30. Comunidades forestales en bosques secundarios alto-andinos (Azuay, Ecuador)

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Jadan Maza, Angel Oswaldo, Toledo Cristian, Jhonson, Tepan Vizhco, Braulio Vicente, Cedillo Tapia, Hugo Alberto, Peralta Cornejo, Angel Vicente, Zea Davila, Pedro Rene, Vaca Vaca, Carlos Miguel, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Jadan Maza, Angel Oswaldo, Toledo Cristian, Jhonson, Tepan Vizhco, Braulio Vicente, Cedillo Tapia, Hugo Alberto, Peralta Cornejo, Angel Vicente, Zea Davila, Pedro Rene, and Vaca Vaca, Carlos Miguel
Abstract: In the Andean mountains of southern Ecuador there are areas occupied by high Andean secondary forests as a consequence of anthropic activities. Here we identify different secondary forest communities located over 2900 m a.s.l, based on its floristic similarity. In each community, floristic composition was described by the total exclusive and shared species. Estimation curves were used to provide richness and diversity metrics. The structure was analyzed according to abundance and basal area. In addition, we evaluated the role of environmental variables in floristic conformation and structure through principal components and the redundancy analysis. Three forest communities were identified. Community, located at high altitude and low temperature, had the highest value of diversity and basal area. Variation in species composition was explained by climatic and geographic variables, density by soil and climatic variables, and basal area by topographic variables. Species richness and basal area did not present an altitudinal distribution pattern similar to those from other Andean tropical forests. Therefore, the floristic variation, species richness and basal area seem to be explained by the chronological age of secondary succession, as evidenced by the indicator species belonging to different ecological groups. We concluded that the floristic composition, richness and structure of vegetation in forest communities of high Andean secondary forests are influenced by climatic, topographic, physiographic and geographic variables related to the age of succession.
Published: 2017

31. Conocimiento sobre productos forestales no maderables en dos pisos florísticos: piemontano y montano bajo, en bosque semi-caducifolio, Santa Rufina, Loja – Ecuador

Author: Mora Roman, Glenda Isabel, Jadan Maza, Angel Oswaldo, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Quizhpe Coronel, Wilson Rodrigo, Mora Roman, Glenda Isabel, Jadan Maza, Angel Oswaldo, Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, and Quizhpe Coronel, Wilson Rodrigo
Abstract: Semi-deciduous forest has provided historically non-timber forest products (NTFP) to neighbor populations. However, information about use of their floristic resources is scarce. In this research, we evaluated the state of knowledge of NTFPs for two floristic floors in semi-deciduous forest: Montane and Montane low. We applied semi-structured surveys to investigate the plant uses that provide NTFPs to three age groups. Plant uses were differentiated into nine categories of use. We collected NTFPs at each sampling site where they grow naturally or in home gardens, and then identified taxonomically. We determined the Use Value by use category; the Total Use Value by species, and by species disaggregated by sex and age group. For floristic levels, the food and bev-erage category presented the highest use value. Within the age group of young people in floristic levels, the species belonging to the medicinal category were the most important with similar val-ues for men and women. In adults, in the piedmont level, forage species were the most important, with similar values for men and women. For the elderly, in the two plant formations several species stand out belonging to different categories of uses with similar values. We concluded that knowl-edge about the use is still valid in the three age groups according to the trend of knowledge levels. In the elderly, this knowledge is pragmatic and real, which is transmitted to adults and young peo-ple. In the group of young people, its application is uncertain.
Published: 2017

32. Functional analysis and regulation of candidate genes underlying the QTL GpaVspl involved in resistance to cyst nematode in potatoes

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio Salvador, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université d'Avignon, Véronique Lefevre, Bernard Caromel, Jawad Aarrouf, and Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Cyst nematode, Nématode à kyste, RT-qPCR, Globodera pallida, Gene expression, Résistance, Pomme de terre, Resistant, Potato, Solanum tuberosum, Expression génique
Abstract: Cyst nematodes are one of the pests that cause the most damage to potato cultures. Resistance found in the accession spl88S.329.18 in Solanum sparsipilum is characterized by oligogenic determinism with a strong effect QTL on chromosome V (GpaVspl) and a minor effect QTL on chromosome XI (GpaXIspl). To obtain a high level of resistance, the effect of QTL GpaVspl must be complemented by the low effect QTL GpaXIspl. By comparative genomics, the GpaV locus was located in a range between 16 and 60 kb in genomes of tomato and potato related species: Solanum demissum and Solanum phureja. Two genes were annotated: the first belonging to the TIR -NBS -LRR gene family (TNL) and the second one belonging to the “mitochondrial transcription termination factor” family (mTERF). The effect of both genes -Spl_TNL18428 and Spl_mTERF18430- on resistance to G. pallida were analyzed via genetic transformation experiments followed by resistance tests on transformed plants. A partial effect of Spl_TNL18428 on resistance to G. pallida was identified by complementation of susceptible plants. Gene silencing experiments suggested that Spl_TNL18429, which occurs in roots and presents a high percentage of sequence identity with the gene Spl_TNL18428, is also involved in resistance to G. pallida. The expression of the GFP reporter gene, under the control of the Spl_TNL18428 gene promoter, is strongly induced in cells located around the syncytium. This strengthens the hypothesis of an involvement of Spl_TNL18428 gene in resistance to G. pallida, because the location of GFP expression is similar to necrosis, which is characteristic of resistant plants. Taking into account that recent data showing that several NBS-LRR genes may be essential for the expression of resistance, our results suggest that both Spl_TNL18428 and Spl_TNL18429 genes are necessary for the expression of resistance to G. pallida; Les nématodes à kystes sont l’un des bioagresseurs causant le plus de dégâts sur les cultures de pommes de terre. La résistance trouvée chez l'accession spl88S.329.18, issue de l'espèce Solanum sparsipilum est caractérisée par un déterminisme oligogénique avec un QTL à localisé sur le chromosome V (GpaVspl) et un QTL mineur localisé sur le chromosome XI(GpaXIspl). Pour obtenir une résistance de haut niveau, l'effet du QTL GpaVspl, doit êtrecomplémenté par celui du QTL à effet faible GpaXIspl. Par génomique comparative, le locusGpaV a été localisé dans un intervalle compris entre 16 et 60 kb sur les génomes de la tomateet des espèces apparentées à la pomme de terre, Solanum demissum et Solanum phureja. Deuxgènes ont été annotés dans cet intervalle sur les génomes de la tomate et de S. demissum : lepremier appartient à la famille des TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL), famille de gènes de résistanceclassiques, et le second appartient à la famille des « mitochondrial, transcription terminationfactor » (mTERF), dont l’implication dans des mécanismes de résistance n’a jamais étédémontrée.Les objectifs de ma thèse étaient d'identifier le(s) gène(s) responsable(s) de la résistance àG. pallida, conférée par le locus GpaVspl, et d'étudier sa régulation. Suite à la publication de laséquence du génome de S. phureja, en 2011, nous avons mis en évidence que le locus GpaVétait dupliqué chez S. phureja et que cette duplication était également présente chezS. sparsipilum. Les quatre gènes annotés au locus GpaVspl ont été nommésSpl_mTERF18430, Spl_TNL18429, Spl_mTERF18453 et Spl_TNL18428.L'effet des deux gènes Spl_mTERF18430 et Spl_TNL18428 sur la résistance à G. pallida aété analysé via des expériences de transformation génétique suivies par des tests de résistancesur les plantes transformées. Un effet partiel du gène Spl_TNL18428 sur la résistance àG. pallida a été mis en évidence par complémentation de plantes sensibles. Aucun effetsignificatif n'a été détecté pour le gène Spl_mTERF18430. Des expériences d'extinctiongénique suggèrent que le deuxième gène TIR-NBS-LRR, Spl_TNL18429, qui est égalementexprimé dans les racines et qui présente un fort pourcentage d'identité de séquence avec legène Spl_TNL18428, pourrait également être impliqué dans la résistance à G. pallida.L'expression du gène rapporteur GFP, placé sous le contrôle du promoteur du gèneSpl_TNL18428, est fortement induite dans les cellules situées autour du syncytium. Cecirenforce l'hypothèse d'une implication du gène Spl_TNL18428 dans la résistance à G. pallida,car la localisation de l'expression de la GFP est similaire à celle de la nécrose, qui estcaractéristique de la réaction développée par les plantes résistantes autour du syncytium induitpar les nématodes.En tenant compte des données bibliographiques récentes, montrant que plusieurs gènes NBSLRRpeuvent être indispensables à l'expression d'une résistance, nos résultats suggèrent queles deux gènes Spl_TNL18428 et Spl_TNL18429 sont nécessaires à l'expression de larésistance à G. pallida
Published: 2013

33. Analyse fonctionnelle et étude de la régulation de gènes candidats sous-jacents au QTL GpaVspl impliqué dans la résistance au nématode à kyste Globodera pallida chez la pomme de terre

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), INRA, European project APOPHYS (QLRT- 2001- 01849), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, université, and Véronique Lefebvre
Subjects: bioagresseur, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, expression génique, globodera pallida, mécanisme de résistance, phytopathologie, gène rapporteur, solanum phureja, régulation génétique, solanum sparsipilum, qtl de résistance, pomme de terre, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, transformation génétique, these, nématode à kyste, régulation de l'expression génique, Vegetal Biology, génomique comparative, nématode phytopathogène, RT-qPCR, gène mitochondrial, déterminisme oligogénique, gène de résistance, Agricultural sciences, nécrose, solanum tuberosum, test de résistance, extinction génique, analyse fonctionnelle du génome, Sciences agricoles, Biologie végétale, syncytium
Abstract: Les nématodes à kystes sont l’un des bioagresseurs causant le plus de dégâts sur les cultures de pommes de terre. La résistance trouvée chez l'accession spl88S.329.18, issue de l'espèce Solanum sparsipilum est caractérisée par un déterminisme oligogénique avec un QTL à effet fort localisé sur le chromosome V (GpaVspl) et un QTL mineur localisé sur le chromosome XI (GpaXIspl). Pour obtenir une résistance de haut niveau, l'effet du QTL GpaVspl, doit être complémenté par celui du QTL à effet faible GpaXIspl. Par génomique comparative, le locus GpaV a été localisé dans un intervalle compris entre 16 et 60 kb sur les génomes de la tomate et des espèces apparentées à la pomme de terre, Solanum demissum et Solanum phureja. Deux gènes ont été annotés dans cet intervalle sur les génomes de la tomate et de S. demissum: le premier appartient à la famille des TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL), famille de gènes de résistance classiques, et le second appartient à la famille des « mitochondrial, transcription termination factor » (mTERF), dont l’implication dans des mécanismes de résistance n’a jamais été démontrée. Les objectifs de ma thèse étaient d'identifier le(s) gène(s) responsable(s) de la résistance à G. pallida, conférée par le locus GpaVspl, et d'étudier sa régulation. Suite à la publication de la séquence du génome de S. phureja, en 2011, nous avons mis en évidence que le locus GpaV était dupliqué chez S. phureja et que cette duplication était également présente chez S. sparsipilum. Les quatre gènes annotés au locus GpaVspl ont été nommés Spl_mTERF18430, Spl_TNL18429, Spl_mTERF18453 et Spl_TNL18428. L'effet des deux gènes Spl_mTERF18430 et Spl_TNL18428 sur la résistance à G. pallida a été analysé via des expériences de transformation génétique suivies par des tests de résistance sur les plantes transformées. Un effet partiel du gène Spl_TNL18428 sur la résistance à G. pallida a été mis en évidence par complémentation de plantes sensibles. Aucun effet significatif n'a été détecté pour le gène Spl_mTERF18430. Des expériences d'extinction génique suggèrent que le deuxième gène TIR-NBS-LRR, Spl_TNL18429, qui est également exprimé dans les racines et qui présente un fort pourcentage d'identité de séquence avec le gène Spl_TNL18428, pourrait également être impliqué dans la résistance à G. pallida. L'expression du gène rapporteur GFP, placé sous le contrôle du promoteur du gène Spl_TNL18428, est fortement induite dans les cellules situées autour du syncytium. Ceci renforce l'hypothèse d'une implication du gène Spl_TNL18428 dans la résistance à G. pallida, car la localisation de l'expression de la GFP est similaire à celle de la nécrose, qui est caractéristique de la réaction développée par les plantes résistantes autour du syncytium induit par les nématodes. En tenant compte des données bibliographiques récentes, montrant que plusieurs gènes NBS-LRR peuvent être indispensables à l'expression d'une résistance, nos résultats suggèrent que les deux gènes Spl_TNL18428 et Spl_TNL18429 sont nécessaires à l'expression de la résistance à G. pallida.
Published: 2013

34. Identification and validation of reference genes for normalization of transcripts levels in roots of potatoes infected by nematodes

Author: Castro Quezada, Patricio, Aarrouf, Jawad, Claverie, Michel, Grenier, Eric, Kerlan, Marie-Claire, Favery, Bruno, Lefebvre, Véronique, Caromel, Bernard, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), EA 4279 Laboratoire Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes, Avignon Université (AU), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Societe Francaise de Phytopathologie (SFP). FRA., Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: racine, contamination, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, pomme de terre, Microbiology and Parasitology, gène de référence, transcription, Microbiologie et Parasitologie, nématode, normalisation
Abstract: Potato cyst nematodes induce changes in gene expression after infecting the roots. For studying gene expression, reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) is now a standard method. However, for accurate quantication of transcripts, a set of internal control genes, stable under different experimental conditions, is necessary for transcript normalization.[br/] Very few experimental data on suitable reference genes are available for plant-nematode interactions. In this study, we tested eight potential candidate reference genes identied through a microarray study performed on the pathosystem Arabidopsis/Meloigodygne for normalizing levels of potato gene transcripts, after invasion by nematodes. The transcription proles of these genes were assessed by RT-qPCR. Samples used in these experiments were RNAs, issued from roots of infected and uninfected potato plants, carrying resistant or susceptible alleles against Globodera pallida, following a kinetic of four days. Analyses were performed using the geNorm and NormFinder softwares.[br/] Our results showed that the eight candidate reference genes were stably expressed in our conditions. For accurate normalization in RT-qPCR studies, RPN7 (26S proteasome regulatory subunit, involved in protein synthesis) and MST2 (mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase) were the top ranked genes and, therefore, are reliable reference genes in compatible and incompatible potato-nematode interactions.
Published: 2012

35. Chromosome landing at a quantitative trait locus involved in resistance to cyst nematode in potato

Author: Caromel, Bernard, Kerlan, Marie-Claire, CASTRO QUEZADA, Patricio, Aarrouf, Jawad, Berges, Helene, Mugniery, Didier, Lefebvre, Véronique, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Avignon Université (AU), Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales (CNRGV), Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes (BIO3P), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Déposants HAL-Avignon, bibliothèque Universitaire, EA 4279 Laboratoire Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes, AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, résistance aux maladies, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Solanum sparsipilum, qtl, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], food and beverages, Globodera pallida, european potato (plant), gène de résistance, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], resistance, resistance to diseases, genetic determinism, solanum tuberosum, resistance gene, pomme de terre, plante légumière, potato, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, nématode
Abstract: Chromosome landing at a quantitative trait locus involved in resistance to cyst nematode in potato. 4. Annual Meeting; COST 872 workshop
Published: 2010

36. Agrobacterium rhizogenes-dependent production of transformed roots from foliar explants of pepper (Capsicum annuum): a new and efficient tool for functional analysis of genes

Author: P. Castro-Quezada, Jawad Aarrouf, Véronique Lefebvre, Bernard Caromel, S. Mallard, Y. Lizzi, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), and Castro Quezada, Patricio
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Agrobacterium, Plant Science, Plant Roots, Polymerase Chain Reaction, 01 natural sciences, Hypocotyl, Génétique des plantes, transformation génétique, bactérie, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, food and beverages, BETA GLUCURONIDASE, General Medicine, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, gène de résistance, Plants, Genetically Modified, Phytophthora capsici, Genetic Techniques, Organ Specificity, Capsicum, résistance aux maladies, AGROBACTERIUM RHIZOGENES, PHYTOPHTHORA CAPSICI, TRANSFORMATION EFFICIENCY, GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN, Genotype, poivron, Plants genetics, Genes, Plant, capsicum annuum, 03 medical and health sciences, Transformation, Genetic, pcr, Pepper, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, 030304 developmental biology, fungi, Reproducibility of Results, biology.organism_classification, racine, Plant Leaves, Transformation (genetics), plante légumière, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany, Explant culture, Transformation efficiency
Abstract: International audience; Pepper is known to be a recalcitrant species to genetic transformation via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. A. rhizogenes-mediated transformation offers an alternative and rapid possibility to study gene functions in roots. In our study, we developed a new and efficient system for A. rhizogenes transformation of the cultivated species Capsicum annuum. Hypocotyls and foliar organs (true leaves and cotyledons) of Yolo Wonder (YW) and Criollo de Morelos 334 (CM334) pepper cultivars were inoculated with the two constructs pBIN-gus and pHKN29-gfp of A. rhizogenes strain A4RS. Foliar explants of both pepper genotypes infected by A4RS-pBIN-gus or A4RS-pHKN29-gfp produced transformed roots. Optimal results were obtained using the combination of the foliar explants with A4RS-pHKN29-gfp. 20.5% of YW foliar explants and 14.6% of CM334 foliar explants inoculated with A4RS-pHKN29-gfp produced at least one root expressing uniform green fluorescent protein. We confirmed by polymerase chain reaction the presence of the rolB and gfp genes in the co-transformed roots ensuring that they integrated both the T-DNA from the Ri plasmid and the reporter gene. We also demonstrated that co-transformed roots of YW and CM334 displayed the same resistance response to Phytophthora capsici than the corresponding untransformed roots. Our novel procedure to produce C. annuum hairy roots will thus support the functional analysis of potential resistance genes involved in pepper P. capsici interaction. Keywords Capsicum annuum Á Agrobacterium rhizogenes Á Transformation efficiency Á Green fluorescent protein (GFP) Á b-Glucuronidase (GUS) Á Phytophthora capsici
Published: 2012

37. Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands.

Author: Maestre FT, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Eldridge DJ, Saiz H, Berdugo M, Gozalo B, Ochoa V, Guirado E, García-Gómez M, Valencia E, Gaitán JJ, Asensio S, Mendoza BJ, Plaza C, Díaz-Martínez P, Rey A, Hu HW, He JZ, Wang JT, Lehmann A, Rillig MC, Cesarz S, Eisenhauer N, Martínez-Valderrama J, Moreno-Jiménez E, Sala O, Abedi M, Ahmadian N, Alados CL, Aramayo V, Amghar F, Arredondo T, Ahumada RJ, Bahalkeh K, Ben Salem F, Blaum N, Boldgiv B, Bowker MA, Bran D, Bu C, Canessa R, Castillo-Monroy AP, Castro H, Castro I, Castro-Quezada P, Chibani R, Conceição AA, Currier CM, Darrouzet-Nardi A, Deák B, Donoso DA, Dougill AJ, Durán J, Erdenetsetseg B, Espinosa CI, Fajardo A, Farzam M, Ferrante D, Frank ASK, Fraser LH, Gherardi LA, Greenville AC, Guerra CA, Gusmán-Montalvan E, Hernández-Hernández RM, Hölzel N, Huber-Sannwald E, Hughes FM, Jadán-Maza O, Jeltsch F, Jentsch A, Kaseke KF, Köbel M, Koopman JE, Leder CV, Linstädter A, le Roux PC, Li X, Liancourt P, Liu J, Louw MA, Maggs-Kölling G, Makhalanyane TP, Issa OM, Manzaneda AJ, Marais E, Mora JP, Moreno G, Munson SM, Nunes A, Oliva G, Oñatibia GR, Peter G, Pivari MOD, Pueyo Y, Quiroga RE, Rahmanian S, Reed SC, Rey PJ, Richard B, Rodríguez A, Rolo V, Rubalcaba JG, Ruppert JC, Salah A, Schuchardt MA, Spann S, Stavi I, Stephens CRA, Swemmer AM, Teixido AL, Thomas AD, Throop HL, Tielbörger K, Travers S, Val J, Valkó O, van den Brink L, Ayuso SV, Velbert F, Wamiti W, Wang D, Wang L, Wardle GM, Yahdjian L, Zaady E, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Singh BK, and Gross N
Subjects: Climate Change, Soil, Biodiversity, Herbivory, Livestock
Abstract: Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure.
Published: 2022
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