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1. Ball characterizations in planes and spaces of constant curvature, I

Author

Jerónimo-Castro, Jesús and Makai Jr, Endre

Subjects
Mathematics - Metric Geometry, 52A55
Abstract

Let us have in S^2, R^2 or H^2 a pair of convex bodies, for S^2 different from S^2, such that the intersections of any congruent copies of them are centrally symmetric. Then our bodies are congruent circles. If the intersections of any congruent copies of them are axially symmetric, then our bodies are circles. Let us have in S^2, R^2 or H^2 proper closed convex subsets K,L with interior points, such that the numbers of the connected components of the boundaries of K and L are finite. If the intersections of any congruent copies of K and L are centrally symmetric, then K and L are congruent circles, or, for R^2, parallel strips. We describe all pairs of such subsets K,L, whose any congruent copies have an intersection with axial symmetry. For S^2, R^2 and H^2 there are 1, 5 and 9 cases, resp. Let us have in S^d, R^d or H^d proper closed convex C^2_+ subsets K,L with interior points, such that all sufficiently small intersections of their congruent copies are symmetric w.r.t. a particular hyperplane. Then the boundary components of both K and L are congruent, and each of them is a sphere, a parasphere or a hypersphere. Let us have a pair of convex bodies in S^d, R^d or H^d, which have at any boundary points supporting spheres, for S^d of radius less than \pi/2. If the convex hull of the union of any congruent copies of these bodies is centrally symmetric, then our bodies are congruent balls, for S^d of radius less than \pi/2. An analogous statement holds for symmetry w.r.t. a particular hyperplane. For d=2 suppose the existence of the above supporting circles, for S^2 of radius less than \pi/2, and for S^2 smoothness of K and L. If we suppose axial symmetry of all the above convex hulls, then our bodies are circles, for S^2 of radii less than \pi/2., Comment: 42 TEX pages. Misprints corrected. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1601.04494

Published
2024

2. Smartphone-Based Fuel Identification Model for Wildfire Risk Assessment Using YOLOv8

Author

Low-Castro, Jesus Antonio, Shirzad-Ghaleroudkhani, Nima, Jamshidi, Maziar, Probst-Oleszewski, Oliver Matthias, Rodriguez-Hernandez, Gerardo, Gül, Mustafa, Ochoa-Ruiz, Gilberto, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Martínez-Villaseñor, Lourdes, editor, and Ochoa-Ruiz, Gilberto, editor

Published
2025
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3. On characteristic properties of the ellipsoid in terms of circumscribed cones of a convex body

Author

Morales-Amaya, Efrén, Mondragón, Geronimmo, and Jerónimo-Castro, Jesús

Subjects
Mathematics - Metric Geometry
Abstract

We strongly believe that in order to prove two important geometrical pro\-blems in convexity, namely, the G. Bianchi and P. Gruber's Conjecture \cite{bigru} and the J. A. Barker and D. G. Larman's Conjecture \cite{Barker}, it is necessary obtain new characteristic properties of the ellipsoid, which involves the notions defined in such problems. In this work we present a series of results which intent to be a progress in such direction: Let $L,K\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be convex bodies, $n\geq 3$, and $L$ be a subset in the interior of $K$. Then each of the following conditions i), ii) and iii) implies that $L$ is an ellipsoid. i) $L$ is $O$-symmetric and, for every $x$ in the boundary of $K$, the support cone $S(L,x)$ is ellipsoidal. ii) there exists a point $p\in \mathbb{R}^n$ such that for every $x$ in the boundary of $K$, there exists a point $y$ in the boundary of $K$ and hyperplane $\Pi$, passing through $p$, such that \[ S(L,x)\cap S(L,y)=\Pi \cap \textrm{bd } K. \] iii) $K$ and $L$ are $O$-symmetric, every $x$ in the boundary of $K$ is a pole of $L$ and $\Omega_x:=S(L,x)\cap S(L,-x)$ is contained in the interior of $K$. In the case ii), $K$ is also an ellipsoid and it is concentric with $L$. On the other hand, let $K\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be a $O$-symmetric convex body, $n\geq 3$, and let $B$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$ be a ball with centre at $O$. We are going to prove that if $B$ is small enough and all the sections of $K$ given by planes tangent to $B$ are $(n-1)$-ellipsoids, then $K$ is an $n$-ellipsoid.

Published
2024

4. An equichordal characterization of the ellipsoid and the sphere

Author

Aguilar-Arteaga, Victor A., Ayala-Figueroa, Rafael Iván, Jerónimo-Castro, Jesús, and Morales-Amaya, Efrén

Subjects
Mathematics - Metric Geometry
Abstract

Let $K$ and $L$ be two convex bodies in $\mathbb R^n$, $n\geq 3$, with $L\subset \text{int}\, K$. In this paper we prove the following result: if every two parallel chords of $K$, supporting $L$ have the same length, then $K$ and $L$ are homothetic and concentric ellipsoids. We also prove a similar theorem when instead of parallel chords we consider concurrent chords. We may also replace, in both theorems, supporting chords of $L$ by supporting sections of constant width. In the last section we also prove similar theorems where we consider projections instead of sections.

Published
2023

5. Characterization of the sphere and of bodies of revolution by means of Larman points

Author

Alfonseca, María Angeles, Cordier, Michelle, Jerónimo-Castro, Jesús, and Morales-Amaya, Efrén

Subjects
Mathematics - Metric Geometry
Abstract

Let $K\subset \Rn$, $n\geq 3$, be a convex body. A point $p\in \Rn$ is said to be a \textit{Larman point} of $K$ if, for every hyperplane $\Pi$ passing through $p$, the section $\Pi\cap K$ has a $(n-2)$-plane of symmetry. If a point $p \in \Rn$ is a Larman point and if, in addition, for every hyperplane $\Pi$ passing through $p$, the section $\Pi\cap K$ has a $(n-2)$-plane of symmetry which contains $p$, then we call $p$ a \textit{revolution point} of $K$. In this work we prove that if $K\subset \Rt$ is a strictly convex centrally symmetric body with centre at $o$, $p$ is a Larman point of $K$ and there exists a line $L$ such that $p\notin L$ and, for every plane $\Gamma$ passing through $p$, the section $\Gamma \cap K$ has a line of symmetry which intersects $L$, then $K$ is a body of revolution (in some cases, we conclude that $K$ is a sphere). On the other hand, we also prove that if $p$ is a revolution point such that $p\not=o$, then $K$ is a body of revolution.

Published
2023

7. Facile Synthesis of Ag Nanodendrites Decorated with Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Enhanced SERS Applications

Author

Sánchez-Castro, Jesús O., Salcido-Flores, Johana G., Sánchez-Dominguez, Margarita, Navarro-Segura, M. Edith, Ghosh, Arindam, Series Editor, Chua, Daniel, Series Editor, de Souza, Flavio Leandro, Series Editor, Aktas, Oral Cenk, Series Editor, Han, Yafang, Series Editor, Gong, Jianghong, Series Editor, Jawaid, Mohammad, Series Editor, Torres, Yadir, editor, Beltran, Ana M., editor, Felix, Manuel, editor, Peralta, Estela, editor, and Larios, Diego F., editor

Published
2024
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8. Picomolar Detection of Rhodamine 6G by SERS Using Silver Nanodendrites Decorated with Au and Cu-Au Bimetallic Nanoparticles

Author

Salcido-Flores, Johana G., Sánchez-Castro, Jesús O., Sánchez-Domínguez, Margarita, Navarro-Segura, M. Edith, Ghosh, Arindam, Series Editor, Chua, Daniel, Series Editor, de Souza, Flavio Leandro, Series Editor, Aktas, Oral Cenk, Series Editor, Han, Yafang, Series Editor, Gong, Jianghong, Series Editor, Jawaid, Mohammad, Series Editor, Torres, Yadir, editor, Beltran, Ana M., editor, Felix, Manuel, editor, Peralta, Estela, editor, and Larios, Diego F., editor

Published
2024
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10. A characterization of the ellipsoid by planar grazes

Author

Garcia, Ivan Gonzalez, Castro, Jesus Jeronimo, Hernandez, Diana Janett Verdusco, and Amaya, Efren Morales

Subjects
Mathematics - Metric Geometry
Abstract

In this paper we proved the following: \emph{Let $K, L\subset \mathbb R^3$ be two $O$-symmetric convex bodies with $L\subset \emph{int} K$ strictly convex. Suppose that from every $x$ in $\emph{bd} K$ the graze $\Sigma(L,x)$ is a planar curve and $K$ is almost free with respect to $L$. Then $L$ is an ellipsoid.}

Published
2022

12. Photothermal spectroscopy on-chip sensor for the measurement of a PMMA film using a silicon nitride micro-ring resonator and an external cavity quantum cascade laser

Author

Ricchiuti Giovanna, Walsh Anton, Mendoza-Castro Jesús Hernán, Vorobev Artem S., Kotlyar Maria, Lukasievicz Gustavo V. B., Iadanza Simone, Grande Marco, Lendl Bernhard, and O’Faolain Liam

Subjects
photothermal spectroscopy, mid-infrared spectroscopy, photonics integrated circuits, micro-ring resonator, sensing, on-chip sensor, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Laser-based mid-infrared (mid-IR) photothermal spectroscopy (PTS) represents a selective, fast, and sensitive analytical technique. Recent developments in laser design permits the coverage of wider spectral regions in combination with higher power, enabling for qualitative reconstruction of broadband absorption features, typical of liquid or solid samples. In this work, we use an external cavity quantum cascade laser (EC-QCL) that emits in pulsed mode in the region between 5.7 and 6.4 µm (1770–1560 cm−1), to measure the absorption spectrum of a thin film of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) spin-coated on top of a silicon nitride (Si3N4) micro-ring resonator (MRR). Being the PTS signal inversely proportional to the volume of interaction, in the classical probe–pump dual beam detection scheme, we exploit a Si3N4 transducer coated with PMMA, as a proof-of-principle for an on-chip photothermal sensor. By tuning the probe laser at the inflection point of one resonance, aiming for highest sensitivity, we align the mid-IR beam on top of the ring’s area, in a transversal configuration. To maximize the amplitude of the photoinduced thermal change, we focus the mid-IR light on top of the ring using a Cassegrain reflector enabling for an optimal match between ring size and beam waist of the excitation source. We briefly describe the transducer design and fabrication process, present the experimental setup, and perform an analysis for optimal operational parameters. We comment on the obtained results showing that PTS allows for miniaturized robust sensors opening the path for on-line/in-line monitoring in several industrial processes.

Published
2024
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13. Polarimetric imaging for the detection of synthetic models of SARS-CoV-2: a proof of concept

Author

Gomez-Gonzalez, Emilio, Muñoz, Olga, Gomez-Martin, Juan Carlos, Aceituno-Castro, Jesus, Fernandez-Muñoz, Beatriz, Navas-Garcia, Jose Manuel, Barriga-Rivera, Alejandro, Fernandez-Lizaranzu, Isabel, Munoz-Gonzalez, Francisco Javier, Parrilla-Giraldez, Ruben, Requena-Lancharro, Desiree, Gil-Gamboa, Pedro, Ramos, José Luis, Rosell-Valle, Cristina, Gomez-Gonzalez, Carmen, Martin-Lopez, Maria, Relimpio-Lopez, Maria Isabel, Perales-Esteve, Manuel A., Puppo-Moreno, Antonio, Garcia-Cozar, Francisco Jose, Olvera-Collantes, Lucia, Santos-Trigo, Silvia de los, Gomez, Emilia, Sanchez-Pernaute, Rosario, Padillo-Ruiz, Javier, and Marquez-Rivas, Javier

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Objective: To conduct a proof-of-concept study of the detection of two synthetic models of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using polarimetric imaging. Methods: Two SARS-CoV-2 models were prepared as engineered lentiviruses pseudotyped with the G protein of the vesicular stomatitis virus, and with the characteristic Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Samples were preparations in two biofluids (saline solution and artificial saliva), in four concentrations, and deposited as 5-{\mu}L droplets on a supporting plate. The angles of maximal degree of linear polarization (DLP) of light diffusely scattered from dry residues were determined using Mueller polarimetry of 87 samples at 405 nm and 514 nm. A polarimetric camera was used for simultaneous imaging of several samples under 380-420 nm illumination at angles similar to those of maximal DLP. A per-pixel image analysis included quantification and combination of polarization feature descriptors in other 475 samples. Results: The angles (from sample surface) of maximal DLP were 3 degrees for 405 nm and 6 degrees for 514 nm. Similar viral particles that differ only in the characteristic spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2, their corresponding negative controls, fluids, and the sample holder were discerned from polarimetric image analysis at 10-degree and 15-degree configurations. Conclusion: Polarimetric imaging in the visible spectrum has the potential for non-contact, reagent-free detection of viruses in multiple dry fluid residues simultaneously. Further analysis including real SARS-CoV-2 in human samples -- particularly, fresh saliva -- are required. Significance: Polarimetric imaging under visible light could contribute to fast, cost-effective screening of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens.

Published
2022
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16. On the implementation of flux limiters in algebraic frameworks

Author

Valle, Nicolás, Álvarez-Farré, Xavier, Gorobets, Andrey, Castro, Jesús, Oliva, Assensi, and Trias, F. Xavier

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

The use of flux limiters is widespread within the scientific computing community to capture shock discontinuities and are of paramount importance for the temporal integration of high-speed aerodynamics, multiphase flows, and hyperbolic equations in general. Meanwhile, the breakthrough of new computing architectures and the hybridization of supercomputer systems pose a huge portability challenge, particularly for legacy codes, since the computing subroutines that form the algorithms, the so-called kernels, must be adapted to various complex parallel programming paradigms. From this perspective, the development of innovative implementations relying on a minimalist set of kernels simplifies the deployment of scientific computing software on state-of-the-art supercomputers, while it requires the reformulation of algorithms, such as the aforementioned flux limiters. Equipped with basic algebraic topology and graph theory underlying the classical mesh concept, a new flux limiter formulation is presented based on the adoption of algebraic data structures and kernels. As a result, traditional flux limiters are cast into a stream of only two types of computing kernels: sparse matrix-vector multiplication and generalized pointwise binary operators. The newly proposed formulation eases the deployment of such a numerical technique in massively parallel, potentially hybrid, computing systems and is demonstrated for a canonical advection problem.

Published
2021
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17. Some results about equichordal convex bodies

Author

Jerónimo-Castro, Jesús, Jimenez-Lopez, Francisco G., and Morales-Amaya, Efrén

Subjects
Mathematics - Metric Geometry
Abstract

Let $K$ and $L$ be two convex bodies in $\mathbb R^n$, $n\geq 2$, with $L\subset \text{int}\, K$. We say that $L$ is an equichordal body for $K$ if every chord of $K$ tangent to $L$ has length equal to a given fixed value $\lambda$. J. Barker and D. Larman proved that if $L$ is a ball, then $K$ is a ball concentric with $L$. In this paper we prove that there exist an infinite number of closed curves, different from circles, which possess an equichordal convex body. If the dimension of the space is more than or equal to 3, then only Euclidean balls possess an equichordal convex body. We also prove some results about isoptic curves and give relations between isoptic curves and convex rotors in the plane.

Published
2021

18. Convex bodies with equipotential circles

Author

González-García, Iván, Jerónimo-Castro, Jesús, Jiménez-Desantiago, Valentín, and Morales-Amaya, Efrén

Subjects
Mathematics - Metric Geometry
Abstract

Given a convex body $K\subset \mathbb R^2$ we say that a circle $\Omega\subset \text{int} \ K$ is an equipotential circle if every tangent line of $\Omega$ cuts a chord $AB$ in $K$ such that for the contact point $P=\Omega\cap AB$ it holds that $|AP|\cdot|PB|=\lambda$, for a suitable constant number $\lambda$. The main result in this article is the following: Let $K\subset\mathbb R^2$ be a convex body which has an equipotential circle $\mathcal B$ with centre $O$ in its interior. Then $K$ has centre of symmetry at $O$, moreover, if none chord of $K$ which is tangent to $\mathcal B$ subtends an angle $\pi/2$ from $O$, then $K$ is a disc. We also derive some results which characterizes the ellipsoid and the sphere in $\mathbb R^3$ and introduce also the concept of equireciprocal disc.

Published
2021

22. The Spanish version of the short form of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS-12): Testing the factor structure and measurement invariance across genders

Author

Arnáez, Sandra, García-Soriano, Gemma, Castro, Jesús, Berle, David, and Starcevic, Vladan

Subjects
Diagnosis, Psychological aspects, Evaluation, Demographic aspects, Health aspects, Internet, Psychological tests -- Evaluation, Sex differences (Psychology) -- Health aspects, Internet -- Psychological aspects -- Health aspects, Anxiety -- Diagnosis -- Demographic aspects
Abstract

Author(s): Sandra Arnáez [sup.1] , Gemma García-Soriano [sup.1] , Jesús Castro [sup.1] , David Berle [sup.2] [sup.3] , Vladan Starcevic [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5338.d, 0000 0001 2173 938X, Department [...], Cyberchondria refers to excessive and repeated online health-related searching, which is associated with increased distress and anxiety. The Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS) is the most widely used measure for assessment of cyberchondria, and its shortened version (CSS-12) has recently been developed. The aim of the present study was to develop the Spanish version of the CSS-12 and test its psychometric properties. A community sample of 432 Spanish-speaking adults (67.6% women; mean age = 36.00 ± 15.22 years) completed the Spanish translation of CSS-12 along with measures of health anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, anxiety and depressive symptoms. The Spanish version of the CSS-12 comprises a general cyberchondria factor and four specific factors ('excessiveness', 'compulsion', 'distress', and 'reassurance'). Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated measurement invariance across gender groups. Internal consistency values for the total score and subscales were good to excellent. The CSS-12 showed strong correlations with health anxiety, and moderate to low correlations with anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and depressive symptoms, supporting the convergent and divergent validity of the CSS-12, respectively. In conclusion, these results show that the CSS-12 is a valid and reliable tool for measuring cyberchondria in both genders in the general Spanish population.

Published
2023
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23. High-altitude characterization of the Hunga pressure wave with cosmic rays by the HAWC observatory

Author

Alfaro, Ruben, Alvarez, César, Arteaga-Velázquez, Juan Carlos, Kollamparambil Paul, Arun Babu, Rojas, Daniel Avila, Ayala Solares, Hugo Alberto, Babu, Rishi, Belmont-Moreno, Ernesto, Brisbois, Chad, Caballero-Mora, Karen S., Capistrán, Tomás, Carramiñana, Alberto, Casanova, Sabrina, Chaparro-Amaro, Oscar, Cotti, Umberto, Cotzomi, Jorge, la Fuente, Eduardo De, Diaz Hernandez, Raquel, DuVernois, Michael A., Durocher, Mora, Díaz-Vélez, Juan Carlos, Engel, Kristi, Espinoza, Catalina, Fan, Kwok Lung, Fraija, Nissim, García-González, José Andrés, Garfias, Fernando, González, María Magdalena, Goodman, Jordan A., Harding, J. Patrick, Hernandez, Sergio, Huang, Dezhi, Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Filiberto, Humensky, Thomas Brian, Hüntemeyer, Petra, Iriarte, Arturo, Joshi, Vikas, Kaufmann, Sarah, Kieda, David, Lara, Alejandro, Lee, Jason, León Vargas, Hermes, Linnemann, James T., Longinotti, Anna Lia, Luis-Raya, Gilgamesh, Malone, Kelly, Martinez, Oscar, Martínez-Castro, Jesús, Matthews, John A.J., Miranda-Romagnoli, Pedro, Morales-Soto, Jorge Antonio, Moreno, Eduardo, Nayerhoda, Amid, Nellen, Lukas, Noriega-Papaqui, Roberto, Omodei, Nicola, Pérez Araujo, Yunior, Pérez-Pérez, Eucario Gonzalo, Rho, Chang Dong, Rosa-González, Daniel, Ruiz-Velasco, Edna, Salazar, Humberto, Salazar-Gallegos, Daniel, Sandoval, Andres, Schneider, Michael, Serna-Franco, José, Smith, Andrew James, Son, Youngwan, Springer, Robert Wayne, Tibolla, Omar, Tollefson, Kirsten, Torres, Ibrahim, Torres-Escobedo, Ramiro, Turner, Rhiannon, Ureña-Mena, Fernando, Varela, Enrique, Villaseñor, Luis, Wang, Xiaojie, Willox, Elijah, Zhou, Hao, and de León, Cederik

Published
2024
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30. Ustekinumab and vedolizumab for the prevention of postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease: Results from the ENEIDA registry

Author

Mañosa, Míriam, Fernández-Clotet, Agnès, Nos, Pilar, Martín-Arranz, María Dolores, Manceñido, Noemí, Carbajo, Ana, Hinojosa, Esther, Hernández-Camba, Alejandro, Muñoz-Pérez, Roser, Boscá-Watts, Maia, Calvo, Marta, Sierra-Ausín, Mónica, Sánchez-Rodríguez, Eugenia, Barreiro-de Acosta, Manuel, Núñez-Alonso, Alejandro, Zabana, Yamile, Márquez, Lucía, Gisbert, Javier P, Guardiola, Jordi, Sáinz, Empar, Delgado-Guillena, Pedro, Busquets, David, van Domselaar, Manuel, Girona, Eva, Lorente, Rufo, Casas-Deza, Diego, Huguet, José M., Maestro, Sergio, Cabello, M. José, Castro, Jesús, Iborra, Marisa, Cañete, Fiorella, Calafat, Margalida, and Domènech, Eugeni

Published
2023
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31. Immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated thrombosis in patients with lung cancer and melanoma: a study of the Spanish society of medical oncology (SEOM) thrombosis and cancer group

Author

Cánovas, Manuel Sánchez, Garay, David Fernández, Moran, Laura Ortega, Pérez, Jaime Rubio, Rubio, Carlos Miguel Guirao, de Mena, Miriam Lobo, Portero, Berta Obispo, Castro, Jesús Brenes, Lage, Yolanda, Lavin, Diego Cacho, Blanco, Ana Belen Rupérez, de Soignie, Ana Manuela Martín Fernández, Perejón, Jonatan Zacarías Benoit, Colomo, Laura Jiménez, Boluda, Noel Blaya, Moreno, Javier Bosque, Verduguez, Teresa Quintanar, Garrido, Carmen Rosa, Huertas, Roberto Martín, Puig, Carme Font i, and Martín, Andrés Jesús Muñoz

Published
2022
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34. Single-cell RNA sequencing highlights the role of distinct natural killer subsets in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Author

Álvarez-Sánchez, Esther, Carbayo, Álvaro, Valle-Tamayo, Natalia, Muñoz, Laia, Aumatell, Joaquim, Torres, Soraya, Rubio-Guerra, Sara, García-Castro, Jesús, Selma-González, Judit, Alcolea, Daniel, Turon-Sans, Janina, Lleó, Alberto, Illán-Gala, Ignacio, Fortea, Juan, Rojas-García, Ricard, and Dols-Icardo, Oriol

Subjects
MONONUCLEAR leukocytes, MEDICAL sciences, KILLER cells, AMYOTROPHIC lateral sclerosis, IMMUNOLOGIC memory
Abstract

Background: Neuroinflammation plays a major role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and cumulative evidence suggests that systemic inflammation and the infiltration of immune cells into the brain contribute to this process. However, no study has investigated the role of peripheral blood immune cells in ALS pathophysiology using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). Methods: We aimed to characterize immune cells from blood and identify ALS-related immune alterations at single-cell resolution. For this purpose, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from 14 ALS patients and 14 cognitively unimpaired healthy individuals (HC), matched by age and gender, and cryopreserved until library preparation and scRNAseq. We analyzed differences in the proportions of PBMC, gene expression, and cell-cell communication patterns between ALS patients and HC, as well as their association with plasma neurofilament light (NfL) concentrations, a surrogate biomarker for neurodegeneration. Flow cytometry was used to validate alterations in cell type proportions. Results: We identified the expansion of CD56dim natural killer (NK) cells in ALS (fold change = 2; adj. p-value = 0.0051), mainly driven by a specific subpopulation, NK_2 cells (fold change = 3.12; adj. p-value = 0.0001), which represent a mature and cytotoxic CD56dim NK subset. Our results revealed extensive gene expression alterations in NK_2 cells, pointing towards the activation of immune response (adj. p-value = 9.2 × 10− 11) and the regulation of lymphocyte proliferation (adj. p-value = 6.46 × 10− 6). We also identified gene expression changes in other immune cells, such as classical monocytes, and distinct CD8 + effector memory T cells which suggested enhanced antigen presentation via major histocompatibility class-II (adj. p-value = 1.23 × 10− 8) in ALS. The inference of cell-cell communication patterns demonstrated that the interaction between HLA-E and CD94:NKG2C from different lymphocytes to NK_2 cells is unique to ALS blood compared to HC. Finally, regression analysis revealed that the proportion of CD56bright NK cells along with the ALSFRS-r, disease duration, and gender, explained up to 76.4% of the variance in plasma NfL levels. Conclusion: Our results reveal a signature of relevant changes occurring in peripheral blood immune cells in ALS and underscore alterations in the proportion, gene expression, and signaling patterns of a cytotoxic and terminally differentiated CD56dim NK subpopulation (NK_2), as well as a possible role of CD56bright NK cells in neurodegeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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35. Mercury Monohalides as Ligands in Transition Metal Complexes.

Author

Busato, Matteo, Castro, Jesús, Piccolo, Domenico, and Bortoluzzi, Marco

Subjects
*TRANSITION metal complexes, *DENSITY functional theory, *LEWIS bases, *LEWIS acids, *OXIDATION states
Abstract

The main categories of transition metal–mercury heterometallic compounds are briefly summarized. The attention is focused on complexes and clusters where the {Hg-Y} fragment, where Y represents a halide atom, interacts with transition metals. Most of the structurally characterized derivatives are organometallic compounds where the transition metals belong to the Groups 6, 8, 9 and 10. More than one {Hg-Y} group can be present in the same compound, interacting with the same or with different transition metals. The main synthetic strategies are discussed, and structural data of representative compounds are reported. According to the isolobality with hydrogen, {Hg-Y} can form from one to three M-{Hg-Y} bonds, but further interactions can be present, such as mercurophilic and Hg···halide contacts. The formal oxidation state of mercury is sometimes ambiguous and thus {Hg-Y} can be considered as a Lewis acid or base on varying the transition metal fragment. Density functional theory calculations on selected Group 6 and Group 9 model compounds are provided in order to shed light on this aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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37. Diagnostic Utility of the Social Behavior Observer Checklist in Neurodegenerative Disease Assessment: insights from a biomarker‐enriched cohort in Spain.

Author

Selma‐Gonzalez, Judit, Sánchez‐Saudinós, María Belén, Sala, Isabel, Rubio‐Guerra, Sara, Castro, Jesús Garcia, Zhu, Nuole, Arranz, Javier, Rodríguez‐Baz, Íñigo, Arriola‐Infante, José Enrique, Maure‐Blesa, Lucía, Fortea, Juan, Alcolea, Daniel, Santos‐Santos, Miguel A, Carmona‐Iragui, Maria, Lleo, Alberto, and Illán‐Gala, Ignacio

Abstract

Background: Patients with neurodegenerative diseases can display early behavioral changes during the clinical assessment that can be captured with the Social Behavior Observer Checklist (SBOC). Nevertheless, the incremental diagnostic utility of this structured observational instrument, when used in conjunction with conventional neuropsychological assessments, has not been ascertained across diverse cultural contexts. We aimed to determine the diagnostic value of the SBOC in large biomarker supported cohort of patients with different neurodegenerative diseases. Method: Participants from the SPIN cohort underwent extensive diagnostic protocols, including neuropsychological evaluation and cerebrospinal fluid biomarker analysis. Diagnostic categories were assigned based on consensus criteria. We derived cognitive composites (memory, language, executive function, and visuospatial function) by averaging scaled scores measuring parallel neuropsychological constructs. A total SBOC score and three subscale scores (disorganized, reactive, and insensitive subscales) were calculated. We explored the correlation between SBOC scores and cognitive domains. We studied the diagnostic accuracy of SBOC measures by calculating the Area Under the Receiver Operating Curve (AUROC). We compared the AUROC of SBOC‐derived scores and cognitive composites with the DeLong's test. Result: The cohort included 572 participants: 126 cognitively healthy controls (HC), 166 with Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Syndromes (FTLD‐S), and 280 with Alzheimer's disease (AD). FTLD‐S encompassed 95 with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), 26 non‐fluent/agrammatic, 8 semantic variant primary progressive aphasias, and 37 progressive supranuclear palsy‐corticobasal degeneration spectrum disorders. SBOC scores exhibited modest correlations with executive functions. FTLD‐S patients had higher SBOC scores than HC and AD, with bvFTD patients showing the greatest elevations. The diagnostic accuracy of the SBOC was high for distinguishing FTLD‐S from HC (AUROC = 0.91 for total and 0.94 for disorganized scores) and bvFTD from HC (AUROC = 0.90 for total and 0.92 for disorganized scores), matching the accuracy of cognitive composites. However, SBOC scores did not differentiate between FTLD‐S and AD (AUROC = 0.61) or between FTLD‐S subtypes. Conclusion: The SBOC is a useful scale that can complement the information obtained from formal neuropsychological testing and help identifying prototypical behaviors associated with different neurodegenerative diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Surface Modification of Gold Nanorods (GNRDs) Using Double Thermo-Responsive Block Copolymers: Evaluation of Self-Assembly and Stability of Nanohybrids.

Author

Márquez-Castro, Jesús E., Licea-Claverie, Angel, Guerrero-Sánchez, Carlos, and Méndez, Eugenio R.

Subjects
*SURFACE plasmon resonance, *METHYL methacrylate, *ETHYLENE glycol, *GRAFT copolymers, *POLY(ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE), *ACRYLATES
Abstract

A series of copolymers containing a thermo-responsive biocompatible first block of poly[di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)-co-(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate], P(DEGMA-co-OEGMA) were chain-extended to incorporate either poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAAm or poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl acrylate), P(NIPAAm-co-BA) as second thermo-responsive block using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. P(DEGMA-co-OEGMA)-b-PNIPAAm copolymers showed two response temperatures at 33 and 43 °C in an aqueous solution forming stable aggregates at 37 °C. In contrast, P(DEGMA-co-OEGMA)-b-P(NIPAAm-co-BA) copolymers showed aggregation below room temperature due to the shift in response temperature provoked by the presence of hydrophobic butyl acrylate (BA) units, and shrinkage upon heating up to body temperature, while maintaining the second response temperature above 40 °C. The terminal trithiocarbonate group of the block copolymers was modified to a thiol functionality and used to stabilize gold nanorods (GNRDs) via the "grafting to" approach. The Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) absorption band of GNRDs with an aspect ratio of 3.9 (length/diameter) was located at 820 nm after surface grafting with block copolymers showing a hydrodynamic diameter of 160 nm at 37 °C. On the other hand, the stability of the P(DEGMA-co-OEGMA)-b-PNIPAAm@GNRDs and P(DEGMA-co-OEGMA)-b-P(NIPAAm-co-BA)@GNRDs nanohybrids was monitored for 8 days; where the LSPR absorption band did not shift or show any broadening. Aqueous dispersed nanohybrids were irradiated with a near-infrared laser (300 mW), where the temperature of the surroundings increased 16 °C after 16 min, where conditions for no precipitation were determined. These tailored temperature-responsive nanohybrids represent interesting candidates to develop drug nanocarriers for photo-thermal therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Real-world assessment of caregiver preference and compliance to treatment with twice-weekly versus daily rivastigmine patches in Alzheimer's disease.

Author

García-Alberca, José María, De La Guía, Paz, Gris, Esther, Mendoza, Silvia, López De La Rica, María, López-Trigo, José Antonio, López-Mongil, Rosa, García-López, Teresa, López-García, Raquel, Rodríguez Del Rey, Teresa, Gay-Puente, Javier, García-Castro, Jesús, Casales, Federico, Morato, Xavier, Boada, Mercè, González-Velasco, Gemma, Marín-Carmona, José Manuel, Páez, Nora Inés, León, María, and Carrillejo, Rosario

Subjects
BURDEN of care, PATIENT compliance, TRANSDERMAL medication, ALZHEIMER'S disease, CAREGIVERS
Abstract

Background: Adherence is critical in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in order to achieve optimal benefit from therapy. However, patient compliance with the treatment remains a challenge. Objective: To evaluate, in a real-world clinical setting, caregiver preference and treatment compliance with twice-weekly versus daily transdermal rivastigmine patch in mild-to-moderate AD. Methods: 92 patients who had been treated with daily rivastigmine patch for at least six months prior to switching to twice-weekly patch were evaluated. The change in therapeutic regimen was decided by the treating physician in accordance with standard practice. Caregivers' satisfaction with daily rivastigmine patch was assessed at study entry. Caregiver's preference and satisfaction with twice-weekly patch as well as patient compliance were evaluated at weeks 12 and 24 using the Alzheimer's Disease Caregiver Preference Questionnaire. Results: A significantly higher proportion of caregivers expressed a preference for the twice-weekly patch over the daily patch (p < 0.001), and this preference was found to be associated with ease of use (p < 0.001), ease of following the schedule (p < 0.001), and ease of compliance (p < 0.001). Furthermore, caregivers were more satisfied with the twice-weekly patch (p < 0.0001). At 24 weeks, patient compliance was significantly better with the twice-weekly patch than with the daily patch (p = 0.002). Caregiver burden significantly improved at the end of the treatment (p = 0.003). No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: The twice-weekly rivastigmine patch offers a convenient and straightforward dosing regimen for caregivers, with potential to enhance adherence with treatment in AD patients without causing serious adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. Functional Diversity of Macroinvertebrate Communities in River Nature Reserves of Spain.

Author

López-Rodríguez, Manuel Jesús, Luzón-Ortega, Julio Miguel, Díez Castro, Jesús, Tierno-Cinque, Alejandra, and Tierno de Figueroa, José Manuel

Subjects
WATER management, ENDANGERED ecosystems, BIOTIC communities, NATURE reserves, FUNCTIONAL analysis
Abstract

In recent decades, aquatic ecosystems have suffered a series of impacts that have made them some of the most threatened ecosystems on a global scale. So, protection measures are needed to conserve the biodiversity we find in some of the less impacted ecosystems. In the Spanish legislation, a category arose for this purpose in lotic ecosystems, the River Natural Reserve (RNR). In this work, we analyse the taxonomic and functional diversity of 145 macroinvertebrate biocoenoses from 128 different RNRs belonging to 10 different basins and representing 18 typologies. Most of the analysed biocoenoses have an overall high taxonomic diversity, with some exceptions corresponding to particular reaches suffering occasional disturbances or with very special conditions. An intermediate functional homogeneity has been also detected, related to a relatively low average functional richness. We also found medium levels of functional evenness, a high functional divergence, and low functional dispersion and Rao index values, the latter supporting similarities among taxa in functional terms. In our studied systems, there is high taxa turnover, but functional turnover is very low. This means that most of the trait dissimilarity between taxa is found within a community, but not among communities, though there are relatively strong dissimilarities in community composition. Our results support the fact that the RNRs are protecting communities of great diversity, not only taxonomic, but also functional, which contributes to the proper functioning of the ecosystems found in these stream reaches. Thus, the analysis of the functional diversity of the communities, as in the present approach, should be implemented to identify and prioritize protection of reaches with higher functional diversity, where enhanced ecosystem functioning can be expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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47. POCUS en medicina vascular.

Author

CRISTINA MONTENEGRO-ARENAS, ANA and DAVID ARGÜELLO-CASTRO, JESÚS

Subjects
VENOUS thrombosis, ABDOMINAL aorta, PULMONARY embolism, STETHOSCOPES, ULTRASONIC imaging
Abstract

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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48. Atrial Imaging and Cardiac Rhythm in Cryptogenic Embolic Stroke: The ARIES Study.

Author

Rigual, Ricardo, Castrejón, Sergio Castrejón, Fernández Gassó, Lucía, García Castro, Jesús, Rodríguez Pardo, Jorge, Martínez Cossiani, Marcel, de Celis-Ruiz, Elena, Fernández, Laura Casado, Hervás, Carlos, López, Elisa Alonso, Alonso de Leciñana, María, Díez Tejedor, Exuperio, David, Esther Pérez, Ruiz Ares, Gerardo, Merino, José L., and Fuentes, Blanca

Published
2024
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