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3. Defining the geochemical composition of the EPICA Dome C ice core dust during the last glacial-interglacial cycle

Author

Marino, F., Castellano, Emiliano, Ceccato, D., de Deckker, P., Delmonte, Barbara, Ghermandi, G., Maggi, V., Petit, Jean-Robert, Revel-Rolland, Marie, Udisti, Roberto, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence (UNIFI), Department of Environmental Sciences, University Milano-Bicocca, Department of Physics, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Research School of Earth Sciences [Canberra] (RSES), Australian National University (ANU), Department of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA), Marino, F, Castellano, E, Ceccato, D, De Deckker, P, Delmonte, B, Ghermand, G, Maggi, V, Petit, J, Revel-Rolland, M, Udisti, R, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Dust source, aeolian dust, GEO/04 - GEOGRAFIA FISICA E GEOMORFOLOGIA, major elements, paleoclimate, Ice core, ice cores, Antarctica, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, ice core, climatic change, PIXE, dust sources, complex mixtures, Major element
Abstract

International audience; The major element composition of the insoluble, windborne long-range dust archived in the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica Dome C ice core has been determined by Particle Induced X-ray Emission analyses. The geochemistry of dust from the last glacial maximum (LGM) and from the Holocene is discussed in terms of past environmental changes, throughout the last climatic cycle. Antarctic dust from glacial and interglacial climate clearly reveals different geochemical compositions. The weathered crustal-like signature of LGM dust is characterized by a low compositional variability, suggesting a dominant source under the glacial regime. The close correspondence between the major element composition of Antarctic glacial dust and the composition of southern South American sediments supports the hypothesis of a dominant role of this area as major dust supplier during cold conditions. Conversely, the major element composition of Holocene dust displays high variability and high Al content on average. This implies that an additional source could also play some role. Comparison with size-selected sediments suggests that a contribution from Australia is likely during warm times, when a reduced glacial erosion decreases the primary dust production and a more intense hydrological cycle and larger vegetation cover inactivates dust mobility in a large part of southern South America, weakening its contribution as a massive dust supplier to Antarctica.

Published
2008

4. Sulfate spikes in the deep layers of EPICA-Dome C Ice Core: Evidence of glaciological artifacts

Author

Traversi, Rita, Becagli, Silvia, Castellano, Emiliano, Marino, Federica, Rugi, Francesco, Severi, Mirko, de Angelis, Martine, Fischer, Hubertus, Hansson, Margareta, Stauffer, Bernhard, Steffensen, Jorgen P., Bigler, Matthias, Udisti, Roberto, Traversi, Rita, Becagli, Silvia, Castellano, Emiliano, Marino, Federica, Rugi, Francesco, Severi, Mirko, de Angelis, Martine, Fischer, Hubertus, Hansson, Margareta, Stauffer, Bernhard, Steffensen, Jorgen P., Bigler, Matthias, and Udisti, Roberto

Abstract

A detailed ionic component record was performed on EPICA Dome C ice core (East Antarctica) to a depth of 3190 m using Ion Chromatography and Fast Ion Chromatography (FIC). At depths greater than 2800 m, the sulfate profile shows intense, sharp spikes which are not expected due to the smoothing of sulfate peaks by diffusion processes. Moreover, these spikes show an "anomalous" chemical composition (e.g., unusually low acidity, high Mg2+ concentration and high Mg2+/Ca2+ ratio). These peaks and the surrounding layers also exhibit good Mg2+ vs SO42- and Cl- vs Na+ correlations through both glacial and interglacial periods. Furthermore, the high-resolution analysis of two horizontally contiguous ice sections showed that some fraction of the impurities are characterized by a heterogeneous distribution. Altogether, these results suggest the occurrence of long-term postdepositional processes involving a rearrangement of impurities via migration in the vein network, characterized by sulfuric acidity and leading to the formation of soluble particles of magnesium sulfate salts, along with ionic association of ions in the liquid films along boundaries. This evidence should be taken into consideration when inferring information on for rapid climatic and environmental changes from ice core chemical records at great depths. At Dome C, the depth threshold was found to be 2800 m.

Published
2009
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5. Reconstruction of millennial changes in dust emission, transport and regional sea ice coverage using the deep EPICA ice cores from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean sector of Antarctica

Author

Fischer, Hubertus, Fundel, Felix, Ruth, Urs, Twarloh, Birthe, Wegner, Anna, Udisti, Roberto, Becagli, Silvia, Castellano, Emiliano, Morganti, Andrea, Severi, Mirko, Wolff, Eric, Littot, Genevieve, Röthlisberger, Regine, Mulvaney, Rob, Hutterli, Manuel A., Kaufmann, Patrik, Federer, Urs, Lambert, Fabrice, Bigler, Matthias, Hansson, Margareta, Jonsell, Ulf, De Angelis, Martine, Boutron, Claude, Siggard-Andersen, Marie-Louise, Steffensen, Jörgen Peder, Barbante, Carlo, Gaspari, Vania, Gabrielli, Paolo, Fischer, Hubertus, Fundel, Felix, Ruth, Urs, Twarloh, Birthe, Wegner, Anna, Udisti, Roberto, Becagli, Silvia, Castellano, Emiliano, Morganti, Andrea, Severi, Mirko, Wolff, Eric, Littot, Genevieve, Röthlisberger, Regine, Mulvaney, Rob, Hutterli, Manuel A., Kaufmann, Patrik, Federer, Urs, Lambert, Fabrice, Bigler, Matthias, Hansson, Margareta, Jonsell, Ulf, De Angelis, Martine, Boutron, Claude, Siggard-Andersen, Marie-Louise, Steffensen, Jörgen Peder, Barbante, Carlo, Gaspari, Vania, and Gabrielli, Paolo

Abstract

Continuous sea salt and mineral dust aerosol records have been studied on the two EPICA (European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica) deep ice cores. The joint use of these records from opposite sides of the East Antarctic plateau allows for an estimate of changes in dust transport and emission intensity as well as for the identification of regional differences in the sea salt aerosol source. The mineral dust flux records at both sites show a strong coherency over the last 150 kyr related to dust emission changes in the glacial Patagonian dust source with three times higher dust fluxes in the Atlantic compared to the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean (SO). Using a simple conceptual transport model this indicates that transport can explain only 40% of the atmospheric dust concentration changes in Antarctica, while factor 5–10 changes occurred. Accordingly, the main cause for the strong glacial dust flux changes in Antarctica must lie in environmental changes in Patagonia. Dust emissions, hence environmental conditions in Patagonia, were very similar during the last two glacials and interglacials, respectively, despite 2–4 °C warmer temperatures recorded in Antarctica during the penultimate interglacial than today. 2–3 times higher sea salt fluxes found in both ice cores in the glacial compared to the Holocene are difficult to reconcile with a largely unchanged transport intensity and the distant open ocean source. The substantial glacial enhancements in sea salt aerosol fluxes can be readily explained assuming sea ice formation as the main sea salt aerosol source with a significantly larger expansion of (summer) sea ice in the Weddell Sea than in the Indian Ocean sector. During the penultimate interglacial, our sea salt records point to a 50% reduction of winter sea ice coverage compared to the Holocene both in the Indian and Atlantic Ocean sector of the SO. However, from 20 to 80 ka before present sea salt fluxes show only very subdued millennial changes d

Published
2007
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6. Erratum to 'Reconstruction of millennial changes in dust emission, transport and regional sea ice coverage using the deep EPICA ice cores from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean sector of Antarctica' [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 260 (2007) 340–354]

Author

Fischer, Hubertus, Fundel, Felix, Ruth, Urs, Twarloh, Birthe, Wegner, Anna, Udisti, Roberto, Becagli, Silvia, Castellano, Emiliano, Morganti, Andrea, Severi, Mirko, Wolff, Eric, Littot, Genevieve, Röthlisberger, Regine, Mulvaney, Rob, Hutterli, Manuel A., Kaufmann, Patrik, Federer, Urs, Lambert, Fabrice, Bigler, Matthias, Hansson, Margareta, Jonsell, Ulf, de Angelis, Martine, Boutron, Claude, Siggaard-Andersen, Marie Louise, Steffensen, Jorgen Peder, Barbante, Carlo, Gaspari, Vania, Gabrielli, Paolo, Wagenbach, Dietmar, Fischer, Hubertus, Fundel, Felix, Ruth, Urs, Twarloh, Birthe, Wegner, Anna, Udisti, Roberto, Becagli, Silvia, Castellano, Emiliano, Morganti, Andrea, Severi, Mirko, Wolff, Eric, Littot, Genevieve, Röthlisberger, Regine, Mulvaney, Rob, Hutterli, Manuel A., Kaufmann, Patrik, Federer, Urs, Lambert, Fabrice, Bigler, Matthias, Hansson, Margareta, Jonsell, Ulf, de Angelis, Martine, Boutron, Claude, Siggaard-Andersen, Marie Louise, Steffensen, Jorgen Peder, Barbante, Carlo, Gaspari, Vania, Gabrielli, Paolo, and Wagenbach, Dietmar

Published
2007

7. A late-glacial high-resolution site and source temperature record derived from the EPICA Dome C isotope records (East Antarctica)

Author

Stenni, Barbara, Jouzel, Jean, Masson-Delmotte, V., Röthlisberger, Regine, Castellano, Emiliano, Cattani, Olivier, Falourd, Sonia, Johnsen, S.J., Longinelli, Antonio, Sachs, Julian, Selmo, Enricomaria, Souchez, Roland, Steffensen, Jørgen Peder, Udisti, Roberto, Stenni, Barbara, Jouzel, Jean, Masson-Delmotte, V., Röthlisberger, Regine, Castellano, Emiliano, Cattani, Olivier, Falourd, Sonia, Johnsen, S.J., Longinelli, Antonio, Sachs, Julian, Selmo, Enricomaria, Souchez, Roland, Steffensen, Jørgen Peder, and Udisti, Roberto

Abstract

The timing and synchronisation of Greenland and Antarctic climate events that occurred during the last glacial period are still under debate, as is the magnitude of temperature change associated with these events. Here we present detailed records of local and moisture-source temperature changes spanning the period 27-45 kyr BP from water stable isotope measurements (δD and δ18O) in the recently drilled EPICA Dome C ice core, East Antarctic plateau. Using a simple isotopic model, site (Δ T site) and source (Δ T source) temperatures are extracted from the initial 50-yr high-resolution isotopic records, taking into account the changes in seawater isotopic composition. The deuterium isotope variability is very similar to the less precise δD record from the Vostok ice core, and the site temperature inversion leads to a temperature profile similar to the classical palaeothermometry method, due to compensations between source and ocean water corrections. The reconstructed Δ T site and Δ T source profiles show different trends during the glacial: the former shows a decreasing trend from the warm A1 event (38 kyr BP) toward the Last Glacial Maximum, while the latter shows increasing values from 41 to 28 kyr BP. The low-frequency deuterium excess fluctuations are strongly influenced by obliquity fluctuations, controlling the low- to high-latitude temperature gradients, and show a remarkable similarity with a high-resolution southeast Atlantic sea surface temperature record. A comparison of the temperature profiles (site and source) and temperature gradient (Δ T source-Δ T site) with the non-sea-salt calcium and sodium records suggests a secondary influence of atmospheric transport changes on aerosol variations. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2004

8. Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core

Author

Augustin, Laurent, Barbante, Carlo, Barnes, Piers R.F., Barnola, Jean Marc, Bigler, Matthias, Castellano, Emiliano, Cattani, Olivier, Chappellaz, Jerome, Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Delmonte, Barbara, Dreyfus, Gabrielle, Durand, Gael, Falourd, Sonia, Fischer, Olivier, Flückiger, Jacqueline, Hansson, Margareta E., Huybrechts, Philippe, Jugie, Gérard, Johnsen, Sigfus J., Jouzel, Jean, Kaufmann, Patrik, Kipfstuhl, Josef, Lambert, Fabrice, Lipenkov, Vladimir Y., Littot, Geneviève C., Longinelli, Antonio, Lorrain, Reginald, Maggi, Valter, Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Miller, Heinz, Mulvaney, Robert, Oerlemans, Johannes, Oerter, Hans, Orombelli, Giuseppe, Parrenin, Frederic, Peel, David A., Petit, Jean-Robert, Raynaud, Dominique, Ritz, Catherine, Ruth, Urs, Schwander, Jakob, Siegenthaler, Urs, Souchez, Roland, Stauffer, Bernhard, Steffensen, Jorgen Peder, Stenni, Barbara, Stocker, Thomas E., Tabacco, Ignazio, Udisti, Roberto, van de Wal, Roderik, van den Broeke, Michiel, Weiss, Jerome, Wilhelms, Frank, Winther, Jan-Gunnar, Wolff, Eric W., Zucchelli, Mario, Augustin, Laurent, Barbante, Carlo, Barnes, Piers R.F., Barnola, Jean Marc, Bigler, Matthias, Castellano, Emiliano, Cattani, Olivier, Chappellaz, Jerome, Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Delmonte, Barbara, Dreyfus, Gabrielle, Durand, Gael, Falourd, Sonia, Fischer, Olivier, Flückiger, Jacqueline, Hansson, Margareta E., Huybrechts, Philippe, Jugie, Gérard, Johnsen, Sigfus J., Jouzel, Jean, Kaufmann, Patrik, Kipfstuhl, Josef, Lambert, Fabrice, Lipenkov, Vladimir Y., Littot, Geneviève C., Longinelli, Antonio, Lorrain, Reginald, Maggi, Valter, Masson-Delmotte, Valerie, Miller, Heinz, Mulvaney, Robert, Oerlemans, Johannes, Oerter, Hans, Orombelli, Giuseppe, Parrenin, Frederic, Peel, David A., Petit, Jean-Robert, Raynaud, Dominique, Ritz, Catherine, Ruth, Urs, Schwander, Jakob, Siegenthaler, Urs, Souchez, Roland, Stauffer, Bernhard, Steffensen, Jorgen Peder, Stenni, Barbara, Stocker, Thomas E., Tabacco, Ignazio, Udisti, Roberto, van de Wal, Roderik, van den Broeke, Michiel, Weiss, Jerome, Wilhelms, Frank, Winther, Jan-Gunnar, Wolff, Eric W., and Zucchelli, Mario

Abstract

The Antarctic Vostok ice core provided compelling evidence of the nature of climate, and of climate feedbacks, over the past 420,000 years. Marine records suggest that the amplitude of climate variability was smaller before that time, but such records are often poorly resolved. Moreover, it is not possible to infer the abundance of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from marine records. Here we report the recovery of a deep ice core from Dome C, Antarctica, that provides a climate record for the past 740,000 years. For the four most recent glacial cycles, the data agree well with the record from Vostok. The earlier period, between 740,000 and 430,000 years ago, was characterized by less pronounced warmth in interglacial periods in Antarctica, but a higher proportion of each cycle was spent in the warm mode. The transition from glacial to interglacial conditions about 430,000 years ago ( Termination V) resembles the transition into the present interglacial period in terms of the magnitude of change in temperatures and greenhouse gases, but there are significant differences in the patterns of change. The interglacial stage following Termination V was exceptionally long - 28,000 years compared to, for example, the 12,000 years recorded so far in the present interglacial period. Given the similarities between this earlier warm period and today, our results may imply that without human intervention, a climate similar to the present one would extend well into the future.

Published
2004

9. Comparison of analytical methods used for measuring major ions in the EPICA Dome C (Antarctica) ice core

Author

Littot, Geneviève C., Mulvaney, R., Röthlisberger, Regine, Udisti, R., Wolff, Eric W., Castellano, Emiliano, De Angelis, Martine, Hansson, Margareta E., Sommer, Stefan, Steffensen, Jørgen Peder, Littot, Geneviève C., Mulvaney, R., Röthlisberger, Regine, Udisti, R., Wolff, Eric W., Castellano, Emiliano, De Angelis, Martine, Hansson, Margareta E., Sommer, Stefan, and Steffensen, Jørgen Peder

Published
2002

10. Extending the ice core record beyond half a million years

Author

Wolff, Eric, Bigler, Matthias, Castellano, Emiliano, Delmonte, Barbara, Flückiger, Jacqueline, Krinner, Gerhard, Lambert, Fabrice, Landais, Amaelle, Marinoni, Angela, Migliori, Alessio, Nyman, Mart, Schärmeli, Ivan, Severi, Mirko, Teste, Gregory, Augustin, Laurent, Armeni, Maurizio, Frascati, Fabrizio, Kjaer, Niels, Krasiliev, Alexander, Lefebvre, Eric, Manouvrier, Alain, Panichi, Severio, Wolff, Eric, Bigler, Matthias, Castellano, Emiliano, Delmonte, Barbara, Flückiger, Jacqueline, Krinner, Gerhard, Lambert, Fabrice, Landais, Amaelle, Marinoni, Angela, Migliori, Alessio, Nyman, Mart, Schärmeli, Ivan, Severi, Mirko, Teste, Gregory, Augustin, Laurent, Armeni, Maurizio, Frascati, Fabrizio, Kjaer, Niels, Krasiliev, Alexander, Lefebvre, Eric, Manouvrier, Alain, and Panichi, Severio

Published
2002

11. Sulfate Spikes in the Deep Layers of EPICA-Dome C Ice Core: Evidence of Glaciological Artifacts

Author

Traversi, Rita, primary, Becagli, Silvia, additional, Castellano, Emiliano, additional, Marino, Federica, additional, Rugi, Francesco, additional, Severi, Mirko, additional, Angelis, Martine de, additional, Fischer, Hubertus, additional, Hansson, Margareta, additional, Stauffer, Bernhard, additional, Steffensen, Jørgen P., additional, Bigler, Matthias, additional, and Udisti, Roberto, additional

Published
2009
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12. Methanesulphonic acid (MSA) stratigraphy from a Talos Dome ice core as a tool in depicting sea ice changes and southern atmospheric circulation over the previous 140 years

Author

Becagli, Silvia, primary, Castellano, Emiliano, additional, Cerri, Omar, additional, Curran, Mark, additional, Frezzotti, Massimo, additional, Marino, Federica, additional, Morganti, Andrea, additional, Proposito, Marco, additional, Severi, Mirko, additional, Traversi, Rita, additional, and Udisti, Roberto, additional

Published
2009
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13. Erratum to “Reconstruction of millennial changes in dust emission, transport and regional sea ice coverage using the deep EPICA ice cores from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean sector of Antarctica” [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 260 (2007) 340–354]

Author

Fischer, Hubertus, primary, Fundel, Felix, additional, Ruth, Urs, additional, Twarloh, Birthe, additional, Wegner, Anna, additional, Udisti, Roberto, additional, Becagli, Silvia, additional, Castellano, Emiliano, additional, Morganti, Andrea, additional, Severi, Mirko, additional, Wolff, Eric, additional, Littot, Genevieve, additional, Röthlisberger, Regine, additional, Mulvaney, Rob, additional, Hutterli, Manuel A., additional, Kaufmann, Patrik, additional, Federer, Urs, additional, Lambert, Fabrice, additional, Bigler, Matthias, additional, Hansson, Margareta, additional, Jonsell, Ulf, additional, de Angelis, Martine, additional, Boutron, Claude, additional, Siggaard-Andersen, Marie-Louise, additional, Steffensen, Jorgen Peder, additional, Barbante, Carlo, additional, Gaspari, Vania, additional, Gabrielli, Paolo, additional, and Wagenbach, Dietmar, additional

Published
2007
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14. Reconstruction of millennial changes in dust emission, transport and regional sea ice coverage using the deep EPICA ice cores from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean sector of Antarctica

Author

Fischer, Hubertus, primary, Fundel, Felix, additional, Ruth, Urs, additional, Twarloh, Birthe, additional, Wegner, Anna, additional, Udisti, Roberto, additional, Becagli, Silvia, additional, Castellano, Emiliano, additional, Morganti, Andrea, additional, Severi, Mirko, additional, Wolff, Eric, additional, Littot, Genevieve, additional, Röthlisberger, Regine, additional, Mulvaney, Rob, additional, Hutterli, Manuel A., additional, Kaufmann, Patrik, additional, Federer, Urs, additional, Lambert, Fabrice, additional, Bigler, Matthias, additional, Hansson, Margareta, additional, Jonsell, Ulf, additional, de Angelis, Martine, additional, Boutron, Claude, additional, Siggaard-Andersen, Marie-Louise, additional, Steffensen, Jorgen Peder, additional, Barbante, Carlo, additional, Gaspari, Vania, additional, Gabrielli, Paolo, additional, and Wagenbach, Dietmar, additional

Published
2007
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20. Preliminary study of HCHO spatial and temporal distribution from Coastal to Plateau areas in Antarctica.

Author

Largiuni, Ombretta, Castellano, Emiliano, Migliori, Alessio, Traversi, Rita, Piccardi, Giovanni, and Udisti, Roberto

Subjects
*FORMALDEHYDE, *COASTS, *PLATEAUS, *SNOW, *METEOROLOGICAL precipitation
Abstract

Formaldehyde concentrations were determined in over 1800 snow samples (snowpit, firn cores and superficial snow) from Antarctica by a sensitive spectrofluorimetric Flow Injection Analysis method. The method performances (detection limit: 55 ng/L; reproducibility: 2.5% at 1 µg/L level; linear range: 0.1-3000 µg/L) allowed a reliable determination of formaldehyde content in all the collected samples. The range of determined concentrations was 0-70 µg/L with a mean concentration of 7.7 µg/L and a median concentration of 5.8 µg/L. The formaldehyde background level was estimated at a few micrograms per liter in coastal and plateau areas of Northern Victoria Land. In some stations the background values are modulated by HCHO deposition events recurring over relatively large time periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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21. Chemical characterization of the last 250 years of snow deposition at Talos Dome (East Antarctica).

Author

Becagli, Silvia, Benassai, Silvia, Castellano, Emiliano, Largiuni, Ombretta, Migliori, Alessio, Traversi, Rita, Flora, Onelio, and Udisti, Roberto

Subjects
SNOW, METEOROLOGICAL precipitation, CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis, ANALYTICAL chemistry, METEOROLOGY
Abstract

High-resolution chemical records of main and trace ionic components of snow precipitation over the last 250 years were obtained by analysing the first 36 m of a firn core drilled at Talos Dome, a dome located in the ice divide between northern Victoria Land and Oates Land (East Antarctica Pacific Ocean/Ross Sea sector). The concentration/depth profiles of some relevant chemical parameters are discussed on the basis of a previous stratigraphic dating, set up following the seasonal signatures of non-sea-salt (nss) sulphate deposition and synchronised by using tritium and volcanic temporally known horizons. Particular attention is paid to the study of the temporal trends of the sea spray components (Na + , Cl - , Mg 2+ ) and S and N cycle compounds ( ) to understand the main sources, transport mechanisms and depositional processes of these compounds at the deposition site. Good correlations between the sea spray markers show that the primary marine contribution is relevant, though Talos Dome is located at a relatively high altitude (2316 m a.s.l.) and far from the coast line (about 250 km). The study of the snow chemical composition and of the recent (for the last few centuries) atmosphere/snow relationship at Talos Dome is important as a preliminary survey at this station, which will probably be chosen for a deep ice coring project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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22. Reconstruction of millennial changes in dust emission, transport and regional sea ice coverage using the deep EPICA ice cores from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean sector of Antarctica

Author

Fischer, Hubertus, Fundel, Felix, Ruth, Urs, Twarloh, Birthe, Wegner, Anna, Udisti, Roberto, Becagli, Silvia, Castellano, Emiliano, Morganti, Andrea, Severi, Mirko, Wolff, Eric, Littot, Genevieve, R��thlisberger, Regine, Mulvaney, Rob, Hutterli, Manuel A., Kaufmann, Patrik, Federer, Urs, Lambert, Fabrice, Bigler, Matthias, Hansson, Margareta, Jonsell, Ulf, de Angelis, Martine, Boutron, Claude, Siggaard-Andersen, Marie-Louise, Steffensen, Jorgen Peder, Barbante, Carlo, Gaspari, Vania, Gabrielli, Paolo, and Wagenbach, Dietmar

Subjects
13. Climate action, 530 Physics, 14. Life underwater
Abstract

Continuous sea salt and mineral dust aerosol records have been studied on the two EPICA (European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica) deep ice cores. The joint use of these records from opposite sides of the East Antarctic plateau allows for an estimate of changes in dust transport and emission intensity as well as for the identification of regional differences in the sea salt aerosol source. The mineral dust flux records at both sites show a strong coherency over the last 150 kyr related to dust emission changes in the glacial Patagonian dust source with three times higher dust fluxes in the Atlantic compared to the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean (SO). Using a simple conceptual transport model this indicates that transport can explain only 40% of the atmospheric dust concentration changes in Antarctica, while factor 5���10 changes occurred. Accordingly, the main cause for the strong glacial dust flux changes in Antarctica must lie in environmental changes in Patagonia. Dust emissions, hence environmental conditions in Patagonia, were very similar during the last two glacials and interglacials, respectively, despite 2���4 ��C warmer temperatures recorded in Antarctica during the penultimate interglacial than today. 2���3 times higher sea salt fluxes found in both ice cores in the glacial compared to the Holocene are difficult to reconcile with a largely unchanged transport intensity and the distant open ocean source. The substantial glacial enhancements in sea salt aerosol fluxes can be readily explained assuming sea ice formation as the main sea salt aerosol source with a significantly larger expansion of (summer) sea ice in the Weddell Sea than in the Indian Ocean sector. During the penultimate interglacial, our sea salt records point to a 50% reduction of winter sea ice coverage compared to the Holocene both in the Indian and Atlantic Ocean sector of the SO. However, from 20 to 80 ka before present sea salt fluxes show only very subdued millennial changes despite pronounced temperature fluctuations, likely due to the large distance of the sea ice salt source to our drill sites.

23. Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core.

Author

Augustin L, Barbante C, Barnes PR, Barnola JM, Bigler M, Castellano E, Cattani O, Chappellaz J, Dahl-Jensen D, Delmonte B, Dreyfus G, Durand G, Falourd S, Fischer H, Flückiger J, Hansson ME, Huybrechts P, Jugie G, Johnsen SJ, Jouzel J, Kaufmann P, Kipfstuhl J, Lambert F, Lipenkov VY, Littot GC, Longinelli A, Lorrain R, Maggi V, Masson-Delmotte V, Miller H, Mulvaney R, Oerlemans J, Oerter H, Orombelli G, Parrenin F, Peel DA, Petit JR, Raynaud D, Ritz C, Ruth U, Schwander J, Siegenthaler U, Souchez R, Stauffer B, Steffensen JP, Stenni B, Stocker TF, Tabacco IE, Udisti R, Van De Wal RS, Van Den Broeke M, Weiss J, Wilhelms F, Winther JG, Wolff EW, and Zucchelli M

Abstract

The Antarctic Vostok ice core provided compelling evidence of the nature of climate, and of climate feedbacks, over the past 420,000 years. Marine records suggest that the amplitude of climate variability was smaller before that time, but such records are often poorly resolved. Moreover, it is not possible to infer the abundance of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from marine records. Here we report the recovery of a deep ice core from Dome C, Antarctica, that provides a climate record for the past 740,000 years. For the four most recent glacial cycles, the data agree well with the record from Vostok. The earlier period, between 740,000 and 430,000 years ago, was characterized by less pronounced warmth in interglacial periods in Antarctica, but a higher proportion of each cycle was spent in the warm mode. The transition from glacial to interglacial conditions about 430,000 years ago (Termination V) resembles the transition into the present interglacial period in terms of the magnitude of change in temperatures and greenhouse gases, but there are significant differences in the patterns of change. The interglacial stage following Termination V was exceptionally long--28,000 years compared to, for example, the 12,000 years recorded so far in the present interglacial period. Given the similarities between this earlier warm period and today, our results may imply that without human intervention, a climate similar to the present one would extend well into the future.

Published
2004
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