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The mean free path governing the scattering of high-energy electrons in cadmium telluride (CdTe) has been measured and analyzed using off-axis electron holography (OEH). In the first part of the study, the total mean free path value was determined via acquisition and aggregation of a large off-axis holography dataset at 300 kV and room temperature, yielding the value λ O E H = 52 ± 7 nm. This is significantly shorter than some previously reported values obtained via different experimental techniques and theoretical calculations. To confirm the validity of the measurement and to understand the underlying physical scattering processes, the study was extended to systematically investigate the role of electron energy loss, electron scattering angle, and specimen temperature in the overall holography measurement. This allowed the observed mean free path value to be clearly decomposed into terms of electronic (inelastic) and nuclear (elastic) scattering processes in the material and enabled direct measurement of the relevant contributions. Specifically, the determined attenuation coefficients were μ i n e l (Δ E > --> 5 eV) = 5.9 ± 1.2 μ m − 1 and μ e l (Δ E < 5 eV , α > --> 3 mrad) = 13.5 ± 1.2 μ m − 1 (full details in the main text). With appropriate consideration of the relevant scattering mechanisms, the mean free path value determined here from off-axis holography measurements is consistent with prior experimental measurements from other techniques and theoretical calculations. These insights and measurements should be of future value for quantitative holography and electron beam scattering experiments in CdTe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competition-related dietary intake has not yet been investigated in Gaelic football. The present study examined the precompetition macronutrient intake of elite male Gaelic football players. Forty players from two teams completed a food diary on the 2 days preceding competition (Day 1 and Day 2) and on the match day prior to the match (match day). Carbohydrate intake was significantly greater on Day 2 compared with Day 1, for both absolute (295 ± 98 vs. 318 ± 77 g; p =.048; −23.6 g, 95% confidence interval [−47.3, 0.2]; Cohen's d = 0.27) and relative intake (3.4 ± 1.1 vs. 3.7 ± 1.0 g/kg; p =.027; −0.3 g/kg, 95% confidence interval [−0.6, −0.03]; Cohen's d = 0.32). The number of players in accordance with and not in accordance with the guidelines for carbohydrate intake on Day 2 was significantly different to an expected frequency distribution, χ2(1) = 32.400; p ≤.001; φ = 0.9, with a greater number of players not meeting the guidelines (observed N = 2 vs. 38). The number of players in accordance with and not in accordance with the recommendations for carbohydrate intake on match day was significantly different to an expected frequency distribution, χ2(1) = 8.100; p =.004; φ = 0.45, with a greater number of players meeting the guidelines (observed N = 29 vs. 11). The major finding from the current investigation was that a significantly greater number of players did not meet carbohydrate intake guidelines on the day before competition. Individualized nutritional interventions are required in order to modify the current prematch dietary intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To understand the impact of 3-monthly treatment with paliperidone palmitate on patient management, including non-adherence and relapse, from a psychiatrist and nurse perspective for 73 patients enrolled in a patient familiarisation programme (PFP) in New Zealand.Methods: An online questionnaire was sent to clinicians with at least 6 months of regular interaction with PFP patients. Questions addressed treatment effectiveness and patient management changes. Analyses are descriptive only and do not represent patient or carer perspectives.Results: Seven psychiatrists, representing 58 of 73 (79.5%) of patients, and 17 nurses responded to the survey. Psychiatrists were satisfied with efficacy and tolerability and relapse prevention. Treatment goals were either 'met' (2/7; 28.6%) or 'exceeded' (5/7; 71.4%). The focus on adherence issues decreased and the focus on life areas and recovery goals increased.Conclusions: From the clinician perspective, 3-monthly paliperidone palmitate offers patients the potential to remain adherent and improve social functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze the fundamental process of crystallization of silicon nanoclusters by means of molecular dynamics simulations, complemented by magnetron-sputter inert gas condensation, which was used to synthesize polycrystalline silicon nanoclusters with good size control. We utilize two well-established Si interatomic potentials: the Stillinger-Weber and the Tersoff III. Both the simulations and experiments show that upon cooling down by an Ar gas thermal bath, initially liquid, free-standing Si nanocluster can grow multiple crystal nuclei, which drive their transition into polycrystalline solid nanoclusters. The simulations allow detailed analysis of the mechanism, and show that the crystallization temperature is size-dependent and that the probability of crystalline phase nucleation depends on the highest temperature the cluster reaches during the initial condensation and the cooling rate after it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]