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1. List of Contributors

Author

Renata Rigacci Abdalla, Tomohiro Abekawa, Przemysław Adamczyk, Wendy Adams, Peter H. Addy, Yukio Ago, María Álvaro-Bartolomé, Martina Andellini, Matthew E. Andrzejewski, Gustavo A. Angarita, Mariana Angoa-Pérez, John H. Anneken, Luís Antunes, Yalda Hosseinzadeh Ardakani, Mustafa Aydin, Nima Badri, Ram C. Bajpai, Daniel José Barbosa, Alfonso Barrós-Loscertales, Debasish Basu, Benjamin Becker, Jacob T. Beckley, Pablo García Bermejo, Laís F. Berro, Amanda L. Blaker, Ede Bodoki, Krzysztof Borowiak, Scott E. Bowen, Patricia A. Broderick, Berit Brogaard, Giovana Brolese, T.M. Brunt, T. Buchborn, Eduardo R. Butelman, Raul Caetano, Sónia Campos, Sofija V. Canavan, João Paulo Capela, Manolo Carta, Félix Carvalho, Lucia Carvelli, Briony J. Catlow, Young-Tae Chang, Himanshu K. Chaturvedi, Lela Chilachava, Aree Choodum, Shannon J. Clough, Vanessa Coelho-Santos, Ana Maria Coimbra, Stuart A. Collins, Bru Cormand, Albert Dahan, Elias Dakwar, Antonio Dávalos E., Cor de Jong, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Marc R. Del Bigio, Teresa Dembińska, Ugur Deveci, D.C. Dieterich, Boukje Dijkstra, Dean E. Dluzen, Margarita L. Dubocovich, Carlos García Esperón, Chun-Kai Fang, Vahid Farnia, Luís Félix, Noelia Fernàndez-Castillo, Daniel Flack, Elisabeth Frauger, Joel Frohlich, Daniela F. Fukushiro, Daniel A. García, M. Julia García-Fuster, Jesús A. García-Sevilla, Eric L. Garland, Dimitria Electra Gatzia, Lia Gelazonia, Abhishek Ghosh, Roy Gigengack, Senobar Golshani, Joana Gonçalves, Javier González-Maeso, Ingmar Gorman, David K. Grandy, G. Grecksch, Alissa M. Greer, Gary A. Gudelsky, Casey Guillot, Joshua M. Gulley, Yoko Hagino, Robert M. Hallock, Emily R. Hankosky, James B. Hanks, Carl Hart, H.W.W. Hasselmann, Hirotake Hida, Sarah E. Hodges, Nicole Holder, André W. Hollais, V. Höllt, Jiri Horacek, Matthew O. Howard, Fleur Margaret Howells, Skye Hsin-Hsien Yeh, Mei Huang, Anthony J. Hutchinson, Jeng-Jong Hwang, Kazutaka Ikeda, Jennifer E. Iudicello, Ahmad Jalloh, Bardia Jamali, Nadezhda Japaridze, Eiichi Jodo, Chantele Joordens, Rasmon Kalayasiri, Rama Kamal, Etsuko Kamegaya, Tadahiro Katayama, Adam W. Keasling, Ruri Kikura-Hanajiri, Matthew Kirkpatrick, Béla Kiss, Rita Kočárová, Saurabh S. Kokane, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Peter R. Kufahl, Donald M. Kuhn, Takeshi Kumazawa, Snezana Kusljic, Krzysztof Łabuz, Maryse Lapeyre-Mestre, Ronaldo Ramos Laranjeira, Andrew J. Lawrence, Byung Dae Lee, Ricardo Alexandre Leitão, L. Stan Leung, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Meng Li, Qing Lin, Felicia Loghin, Elena López-Cancio M., Jennifer Lyke, Michael Lyvers, Scott Macdonald, Clarice Sandi Madruga, Michael Maes, Timothy J. Maher, Jingyi Ma, Chitra D. Mandyam, Claudia Mardones, Gina Martin, Luciana Massaro, Toshio Matsuda, M.T.B. McMaster, Richard H. Melloni, Herbert Y. Meltzer, Joëlle Micallef, Maria Mironidou-Tzouveleki, Masayoshi Mishina, Sandro Mitsuhiro, Christian Montag, Elisabeth Moore, Erin E. Morgan, Peter T. Morgan, Satoshi Morimoto, Thomas R. Morrison, Anna Moszczynska, Akihiro Mouri, Antonio Napolitano, Nichole M. Neugebauer, Niamh NicDaeid, Charles D. Nichols, Martin Nizama-Valladolid, Yukihiro Noda, Nicole A. Northrop, M. Foster Olive, Rory D. Ostrow, Linda C.J. Oudejans, Tomas Palenicek, Arvind Pandey, Mariusz Papp, Ioannis D. Passos, Madan Kumar Paudel, Maria A. Perillo, Christina J. Perry, Nataša Petronijević, Siripan Phattanarudee, Ilana Pinsky, Nino Pochkhidze, Anca Pop, Marianne Possa, Barbara Potocka-Banaś, Boris B. Quednow, Nevena V. Radonjić, Lakshmi Rajagopal, Marta Ribasés, Lesley A. Ricci, Carola Vergara Rosales, Mohammad-Reza Rouini, Juan Sanchez-Ramos, Renan Santos-Baldaia, Siddharth Sarkar, Kaori Sasaki-Tabata, Naomi Sato, Tomonori Sato, Wakako Sawada, Silvia Bassani Schuch, Setsuko Sekita, Eduardo Alvear Serrano, Behjat Sheikholeslami, Osamu Shirota, Ana Paula Silva, Nicola Simola, Derek P. Simon, Ichiro Sora, Anne Orgler Sordi, Mitchell G. Spring, Katarzyna Stebelska, Haruhiko Sugimura, Yoshiaki Suzuki, Kazuhiro Takuma, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Meshkat Torkamanian, Pasarapa Towiwat, Anahí V. Turina, Filip Tyls, J.G.C. van Amsterdam, W. van den Brink, Maarten van den Buuse, John Darrell Van Horn, Martijn van Noorden, Monique van Velzen, Carlos Venâncio, Dietrich von Baer, Lisia von Diemen, Martin Walter, Fang Wang, Erica Weber, Petr Winkler, Steven Paul Woods, John J. Woodward, Chun-Fu Wu, Raphael Wuo-Silva, Wang Xu, Bryan K. Yamamoto, Hideko Yamamoto, Toshifumi Yamamoto, Jing-Yu Yang, Duanting Zhai, Mzia Zhvania, and Jordan K. Zjawiony

Published
2016
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2. Is recreational ecstasy (MDMA) use associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms?

Author

Casey Guillot

Subjects
Research design, medicine.medical_specialty, Serotonin, media_common.quotation_subject, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Ecstasy, Medicine (miscellaneous), Serotonergic, Serotonin Agents, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Psychiatry, General Psychology, Depression (differential diagnoses), media_common, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, biology, Depression, Illicit Drugs, Addiction, MDMA, biology.organism_classification, Affect, Mood, Research Design, Cannabis, Psychology, medicine.drug
Abstract

Due to potential serotonergic deficits, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or Ecstasy) may cause long-term mood disruptions in recreational Ecstasy users. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the evidence for a relationship between recreational Ecstasy use and higher levels of depressive symptoms. Eleven out of 22 studies initially have reported significantly higher depression scores in Ecstasy users in comparison to control participants. However, only three studies ultimately have revealed significantly higher depression scores in comparison to cannabis or polydrug controls. Furthermore, most studies have suffered from methodological weaknesses, and the levels of depressive symptoms that have been found in Ecstasy users have not been shown to be much higher than those found in normative groups. The evidence for an association specifically between Ecstasy use and higher levels of depressive symptoms is currently unconvincing, but the frequent concomitant use of Ecstasy and other illicit drugs has been shown to be associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. Possible causes include polydrug use in general, MDMA-induced serotonergic deficits, individual effects of illicit drugs besides Ecstasy, combined effects of MDMA and other illicit drugs, and preexisting differences in the levels of depressive symptoms in Ecstasy users.

Published
2007

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