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Copyright of Die Orthopädie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Which theoretical and practical competences do the neurological and psychiatric case histories of the Hippocratic Corpus convey? Material and methods: The 431 Hippocratic case histories have been studied for reports and communication on the diagnostics, treatment and prognosis of single persons and groups of patients suffering from neurological and psychiatric diseases. Results: In the 7 books of the Hippocratic Epidemics, a total of 128 patients with neurological and psychiatric symptoms are described. Epidemic fever and its variants were the leading predisposing conditions and the main symptoms were delirium, coma, insomnia, headache, speech disorders and convulsions. A number of patients with phrenitis and opisthotonos are also reported. The majority of the sick persons were male, were teenagers or adults and 47 of them are mentioned by name. The patient's information about the course is often just as informative as the doctor's observations. Treatment was limited to physical and dietary measures. Discussion: The Hippocratic physician diagnosed and attempted to treat a large number of neurological and psychiatric diseases. The often almost continuous observations of the patients led to astonishingly precise predictions of the course and the prospects of recovery. Numerous symptoms described in the case studies, including carphologia and opisthotonus, have entered the neurological vocabulary. The retrospective etiological analysis of the reports leads to the almost explicit identification of neurosyphilis and encephalitis lethargica. The therapeutic measures described by the author were, as the changeable course of the diseases shows, only of limited effectiveness despite a very differentiated application over time, both against the underlying diseases and the neurological and psychiatric complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnitude (Mw) 8.3 Tokachi-oki earthquake occurred in September 2003, causing extensive damage in Hokkaido, Japan, and triggering extensive soil liquefaction in the region. The Port of Kushiro was one of the locations where surficial evidence of liquefaction was observed but was also a well-instrumented location with four pore-water pressure transducers installed in the backfill of the quay wall. However, all of the sensors malfunctioned during the earthquake. As a result, the pore-water pressure response recorded by those sensors were inaccurate and unusable with regard to evaluating liquefaction triggering and extent. This study introduced the energy-based soil liquefaction evaluation to estimate the excess pore water pressure responses at the Port of Kushiro based on the cumulative strain energy of the soil during the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake. In order to apply the energy-based method to this case history, this study explored the empirical equation describing a relationship between normalized cumulative energy and excess pore water pressure ratio while incorporating the bidirectional shaking effect on strain energy development. Although the energy-based method allowed for the estimation of the time needed to trigger liquefaction at a target site, it was derived using the empirical coefficients that were developed for a different soil from those at the site of interest. This indicated that an adjustment to the estimated timing of liquefaction was needed, which was accomplished by additional evaluation through a Stockwell transform and Arias intensity-based liquefaction assessment. Both procedures indicated a similar timing of liquefaction at the site. Based on the updated time of liquefaction triggering, the empirical coefficient was recalibrated to estimate the excess pore water pressure ratio, and the result provided reasonable excess pore water pressure responses at the backfill of the Port of Kushiro during the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aims Methods & Procedures Outcomes & Results Conclusions & Implications WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS What is already known on the subject What this paper adds to the existing knowledge What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Published best‐practice guidelines and standardized protocols for voice assessment recommend multidisciplinary evaluation utilizing a comprehensive range of clinical measures. Previous studies report variations in assessment practices when compared with these guidelines.To provide an up‐to‐date evaluation of current global multidisciplinary practice patterns and the opinions of otolaryngologist, ear, nose and throat (ENT) and speech–language pathology (SLP) clinicians on initial assessment and differential diagnosis of adults with voice disorders (VDs).ENTs and SLPs worldwide who had worked with VDs within the last 10 years completed an anonymous online survey. Themes explored demographic information about the clinical practice, information about diagnostic assessment pathways, clinical assessments routinely used for initial voice evaluation and clinician perceived value of clinical assessments important for diagnosis.Patterns in the clinical practice of 88 SLPs and 21 ENTs from 18 countries with 1 to more than 25 years’ experience were analysed. Clinicians provided services across a range of locations, and a range of assessment pathways was available for initial evaluation. Case history, laryngoscopy and auditory–perceptual measures were the most frequently selected assessments. Most clinicians favoured formal assessment measures for auditory–perceptual evaluation. Clinicians placed equal weighting on ENT and SLP assessment to aid diagnosis for muscle tension VDs and functional neurological voice disorders (FVDs).Practice patterns for initial diagnostic voice assessment are largely consistent with the currently published guidelines. Decisions for the selection of assessment tools vary according to VD classification, and assessment decisions appear to be guided by case history. Clinicians are not always following established protocols for obtaining reliable standardized measures. Further research is needed to understand the barriers to adhering to standardized protocols and to develop evidence for the use of case history in the process of VD diagnosis. Best‐practice guidelines recommend a multidisciplinary and multidimensional assessment of adults with vocal symptoms. Prior uni‐disciplinary survey studies have reported a divergence in clinical practice with the recommended guidelines. No previous studies have examined otolaryngologists and SLPs concurrently to investigate the multidisciplinary approach clinicians’ use in a diagnostic voice assessment. This study highlights new insights into multidisciplinary voice evaluation practice patterns with an emphasis on diagnostic assessment from a global perspective. The findings build on prior research exploring clinical assessment pathways, service utilization and clinicians’ preferences when selecting clinical tools to inform a differential diagnosis. This paper provides insights to inform future service and resource planning to ensure the delivery of evidenced‐based diagnostic assessment pathways. This study also makes recommendations for areas of future research to understand barriers to clinicians following recommended best‐practice guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Urologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines a flowslide involving a glacial deposit of low-plasticity silty sand triggered by a karstic spring after a rainfall period. The work aims at explaining the triggering, propagation and kinematics of flow-like landslides in a unique framework. In particular, a material point method open-source code, able to solve coupled hydro-mechanical problems for saturated/unsaturated soils, was developed. Laboratory and field experiments revealed a liquefaction potential of the mobilised material. To simulate such potential, a recent liquefaction model (Ta-Ger), validated so far at a laboratory scale, was selected, extended to unsaturated conditions, implemented and calibrated. The analysis indicates a complex behaviour of the moving mass and explains the mechanisms developing sequentially in the flowslide. The impact of the upper unstable soil mass against the soil at lower elevations is a key phenomenon to generalise soil liquefaction in the entire slope. Patterns of soil velocity and displacements are far from being a uniform flow of liquefied material. The model developed is a powerful tool to interpret flowslides involving a saturated and unsaturated soil profile. The paper includes sensitivity analyses and discusses the discrepancies observed in the run-up of the flowslide climbing on the opposite slope of the valley. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A data-driven approach is used to show the significant discrepancy between the coefficients of permeability that are estimated through packer field tests and those back-calculated from the actual discharge pumped out of randomly fractured rock masses (i.e., masses that do not have predominate oriented fracture sets) using either dewatering or pumping well systems. The presented data, some of the richest of its kind, are used to develop a novel correlation between the estimated and back-calculated coefficients of permeability. A procedure is proposed to evaluate the permeability of the rock masses that considers two different but frequently encountered scenarios: (1) lack of any field permeability test data; or (2) only packer test results are available. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate how the suggested procedure could be used. It constitutes an advance in the state of practice because the commonly used procedures to estimate the permeability of randomly fractured rock masses employ the direct use of packer field test results, which, as the data shows, could be orders of magnitudes out. The proposed procedure could be particularly useful for practitioners when faced with cases where field pumping tests are not feasible due to budget, time constraints, or both. It gives them a simple and reliable approach (based on case histories) to produce preliminary designs of dewatering systems in randomly fractured rocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing demand for transportation has forced new infrastructure to be built on weak subgrade soils such as estuarine or marine clays. The application of heavy and high-frequency cyclic loads due to vehicular movement during the operational (post-construction) stage of tracks can cause (i) cyclic undrained failure, (ii) mud pumping or subgrade fluidisation, and (iii) differential and excessive settlement. This keynote paper presents the use of prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) to enhance the performance of tracks. A series of laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the cyclic response of remoulded soil specimens collected from a railway site near Wollongong, NSW, Australia. The results of the laboratory tests showed that beyond the critical cyclic stress ratio (CSRc), there is an internal redistribution of moisture within the specimen which causes the top portion of the specimen to soften and fluidise. The role that geosynthetics play in controlling and preventing mud pumping was analysed by assessing the development of excess pore water pressure (EPWP), the change in particle size distribution, and the water content of subgrade soil. The experimental data showed that PVDs can prevent the EPWP from building up to critical levels. PVDs provide shorter-radial drainage for EPWP to dissipate during cyclic loading, resulting in less accumulation of EPWP. Moreover, PVDs cause soil to behave in a partially drained rather than an undrained condition, while geotextiles can provide adequate surficial drainage and effective confinement at the ballast/subgrade interface. Partially drained cyclic models were developed by adopting the modified Cam clay theory to predict the behaviour of soil under cyclic loadings. The Sandgate Rail Grade Separation project case study presents a design of short PVDs to minimise the settlement and associated lateral displacement due to heavy-haul train loadings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On April 21, 2021, four workers died because of gas poisoning while attempting to maintain an agitator in a reactor at Heilongjiang Kailunda Technology Co., Anda, Heilongjiang Province, China. The event was characterized as a major incident occurring within a confined space. This article analyzes the incident by comparing China's and the US's safety regulations and standards regarding entry into confined spaces. The article concludes with the lessons learned and puts forward suggestions for the prevention of such incidents and for safety improvements in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The liquefaction resistance of partially saturated soil was experimentally investigated for one clean sand and one silty sand collected from a site in Christchurch, in an area severely affected by liquefaction in the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquakes. A series of cyclic undrained tests were performed on fully and partially saturated sand and silty sand specimens, in conjunction with evaluation of saturation conditions in situ based on comprehensive field measurements of P-wave velocity (Vp) in Christchurch deposits. The Skempton’s B-value and P-wave velocity were comparatively used as measures for partial saturation in the laboratory. B-value - Vp relationships from the test results indicate that Vp steadily increases with the B-value until a threshold B-value is reached beyond which Vp remains unchanged at values indicating full saturation, i.e. Vp ;≥ ;1600 ;m/s. In general, the liquefaction resistance of tested sand and silty sand increases with a decrease in the B-value or Vp, i.e. with a reduction in the degree of saturation. Furthermore, test results suggest existence of threshold B-values and Vp for tested soils beyond which no significant increase in the liquefaction resistance was observed. This threshold B-values and Vp were found to be dependent on soil type and applied confining stress. The effects of partial saturation on liquefaction strength are different for the sand and silty sand when using Vp as a measure for the degree of saturation. While a gradual rate of increase in liquefaction strength with decreasing Vp is observed for the tested sand, the liquefaction strength of silty sand shows similar gradual increase with a decrease in Vp up to about 800 ;m/s, which is then followed by an abrupt increase in the liquefaction strength for Vp ;< ;800 ;m/s. Generally good agreement between liquefaction strength of tested soils and published data was observed, with a clear distinctive feature in the behaviour of the silty sand as compared to clean sands.

The seismic performance of Balboa Boulevard during the 1994 MW 6.7 Northridge earthquake was examined through nonlinear deformation analyses (NDAs) using advanced tools to (1) investigate the failure mechanism leading to ground deformations at this site; (2) evaluate the accuracy of the adopted analysis methods, engineering procedures, and state-of-the-art tools to reasonably estimate horizontal ground displacements; and (3) identify key factors and parameters contributing to earthquake-induced ground deformations at this site. One-dimensional (1D) liquefaction vulnerability indexes (LVIs) and permanent displacements using Newmark sliding block analyses were also estimated and compared against ground deformations observed after the earthquake. The geotechnical characterization of Balboa Boulevard was assessed based on field and laboratory data obtained from two investigation campaigns. Transitional probability geostatistics were used to develop stratigraphic models that capture the heterogeneity and the spatial variability patterns of sand-like and clay-like soils present at this site. The stratigraphic models were implemented in the finite difference software FLAC and the behavior of sand-like and clay-like soils simulated using the PM4Sand and PM4Silt constitutive models, respectively. Sensitivity analyses were performed to address uncertainties associated with the spatial variability of soils, input ground motions, the proportion of sand-like and clay-like soils within the soil deposit, and the strength properties of these materials. Results from NDAs suggest that a compounded effect of both liquefaction of sand-like soils and cyclic softening of clay-like soils led to the excessive ground deformations at Balboa Boulevard. This study sheds light on the importance of using appropriate engineering procedures and numerical modeling protocols in the prediction of deformation patterns, the selection of key input parameters, as well as the applicability of LVIs in complex sites.

Global warming due to greenhouse gas emissions has led to record-breaking heat waves, torrential rains and droughts on a global scale in recent years. For this reason, people around the world are more keenly aware of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The construction industry is one of these sources of greenhouse gas emissions. A lot of ground improvement techniques have been developed and applied to improve the physical and mechanical properties of soil in order to achieve stability improvement, ground settlement control, reinforcement, liquefaction prevention, etc. These techniques use a lot of natural materials such as sand and crushed stone and industrial products such as cement. In order to reduce their environmental impact and to economize these techniques, many kinds of industrial waste and by-products have been beneficially used in many types of ground improvement techniques. In response to the growing awareness of carbon neutrality in recent years, it is necessary to further promote initiatives such as the beneficial use of the industrial materials that have been used so far and the development of new materials and construction methods to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. It is expected that various biomass materials will be applied in ground improvement techniques to enhance "negative emission technology". In this paper, recent developments and applications of certain sorts of environmentally friendly ground improvement techniques, soil densification techniques and soil stabilization techniques are briefly introduced. It is to be expected that these will be further developed and applied to contribute to the reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While soil liquefaction is common in earthquakes, the case-history data required to train and test state-of-practice prediction models remains comparatively scarce, owing to the breadth and expense of data that comprise a single case history. The 2001 Nisqually, Washington, earthquake, for example, occurred in a metropolitan region and induced damaging liquefaction in the urban cores of Seattle and Olympia, yet case-history data have not previously been published. Accordingly, this article compiles 24 cone-penetration-test (CPT) case histories from free-field locations. The many methods used to obtain and process the data are detailed herein, as is the structure of the digital data set. The case histories are then analyzed by 18 existing liquefaction response models to determine whether any is better, and to compare model performance in Nisqually against global observations. While differences are measured, both between models and against prior global case histories, these differences are often statistically insignificant considering finite-sample uncertainty. This alludes to the general inappropriateness of championing models based on individual earthquakes or otherwise small data sets, and to the ongoing needs for additional case-history data and more rigorous adherence to best practices in model training and testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When narrative medicine (NM) was introduced into China, traditional Chinese medicine scholars found that the core concepts advocated by NM are manifested in Chinese yi'an. But why NM echoes with ancient Chinese yi'an? How can we better integrate NM into Chinese medical practices? To answer those questions, this article first investigates how NM establishes itself as a remedy to biomedicine by taking traditional healing models including TCM as its ideal Other. Then, the narrative traditions of both case histories and yi'an are examined respectively. This article argues that NM is searching for a lost tradition of narrative case histories, but yi'an functions as a living tradition of TCM. The Parallel Chart in NM, designed as a complement to the dehumanized hospital chart, is still based on a dichotomy of science and art and a conflictual doctor-patient model. But yi'an exemplifies the holistic and humane healthcare that NM hopes to achieve. A comparison of both genres also inspired us to rethink the genre of yi'an in NM. Thus, it is concluded that yi'an should be viewed as an epistemic genre integrating individualization and generalization, a bridge linking medicine and literature. And narrative yi'an can well serve as a tool for NM in China. It is also proposed that a thick description of yi'an be encouraged to further promote a pluralistic NM in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is a case history study. Basing on a well-documented criminal case of 1809, the author explores such issues as corruption in the ranks of Chinese officials; effectiveness of severe punishments for crime prevention; the methods criminal offences were committed and investigated in the Qing empire, and the level of public awareness of these methods; principles of sentencing; and the issue of crime and punishment in the mass consciousness of the Chinese in the late 17th and early 19th centuries. Special attention is paid to a remarkable phenomenon of fictionalizing of a real incident in witness reports, i.e. the introduction of popular moral, didactic and religious motifs widely known in the folklore and literature of that time.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disease which affects the joints and bones of individuals diagnosed with this condition. Little remains known about the possible impact of this disease on hearing function, particularly the possibilities of preventive audiology in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). The study aimed to review published evidence on hearing function in adults with RA. A scoping review of literature from January 2010 to August 2020 was conducted using Sage, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Medline, ProQuest and Google Scholar. Studies published in English which reported on the audiological function in adult individuals with RA were included in the review. From 832 initial title records, 18 articles were included into the final scoping review. A qualitative analysis of the reviewed evidence revealed four themes: (1) hearing loss occurs—causality still unclear; (2) nature, degree and configuration of the hearing loss varies; (3) systematic and standardized assessment battery required; and (4) sensitive and specific measures for early detection needed. The occurrence of hearing loss in this population ranges between 21.3 and 66.6%, and this increased where advanced sensitive measures such as ultrahigh frequency and otoacoustic emission (OAEs) measures were included in the test battery. Many audiological tests were used in the studies in order to identify the presence and type of hearing loss in these individuals, with basic audiometry testing being the most commonly used. The most prevalent type of hearing loss was found to be a high frequency sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), with mixed (MHL) and conductive hearing losses (CHL) being present in some of the individuals. Causal links between RA and hearing loss remains unclear. Although there are limited studies which have reported on the audiological function in the population with RA, the studies which have been reviewed seem to establish an association between RA and the presence of hearing loss. The published high prevalence of hearing loss in this population, when compared to healthy control groups raises implications for well-designed studies that utilize sensitive audiologic diagnostic measures, with clear inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure more accurate causal links establishment between RA and hearing loss in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyzed harvest data to test hypotheses that nearly 4 decades of effort to reduce abundance of brown bears (Ursus arctos), black bears (U. americanus) and gray wolves (Canis lupus) in an 60,542 km2 area in south-central Alaska (Game Management Unit [GMU] 13) was positively correlated with moose (Alces alces) harvests in some time-lagged fashion. Predator-reduction efforts were progressively more aggressive over decades (both de facto and officially designated predator control) and did not have clear starting points which complicated our post hoc analyses. We documented no positive correlations (p > 0.05) between harvests of brown and black bears and subsequent moose harvests for any time lag. Moose harvest was negatively correlated with the previous years' wolf harvest, but the relationship was weak (correlation = −0.33, p < 0.05). Consequently, we reject our hypotheses that harvest of predators was positively correlated with moose harvests. We also observed no differences in mean moose harvests during periods of officially designated wolf control (2005–2020) and a previous period (p > 0.50). We recommend that predator reductions designed to improve hunter harvests of moose be conducted within a research framework that will permit improved interpretations of results and the implementation of an adaptive-management approach to achieve management objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excavation-induced ground movements can have a detrimental influence on adjacent structures and services. These complex soil–structure interactions are affected by a range of factors such as ground conditions, excavation sequence, and the characteristics of the structures. Considerable prior research has been concerned with understanding the ground response during excavation and in evaluating the potential damage to adjacent facilities. A number of case histories have been reported worldwide. Finite-element analysis can be effective in providing insight into the response of the ground and adjacent structures during the entire construction process. Previous studies have shown that observed excavation behavior (e.g., ground movements and retaining wall deformations) can be captured reasonably well in finite-element analysis, provided that certain key modeling aspects are appropriately addressed. This paper extends a previous deep excavation case study in greenfield conditions (i.e., without adjacent buildings and utilities included in the analysis), focusing particularly on the excavation-induced settlements of nearby buildings and buried pipelines. Sensitivity analyses have been conducted to investigate the effects of several aspects on the computed settlements of buildings and pipelines, such as (1) building weight, (2) building stiffness, (3) building foundation type, (4) ground improvement measures, and (5) geometries and material properties of pipelines. Conclusions are drawn for future applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Which theoretical and practical competences do the orthopaedic and trauma surgery reports of the Hippocratic Corpus reveal?, Materials: The 431 Hippocratic case histories have been studied for reports and communication on diagnostics, therapy and prognosis of orthopaedic diseases and traumatic lesions., Results: The seven books of the Hippocratic "Epidemics" describe a total of 26 patients with orthopaedic diseases and traumatic lesions. In the field of orthopaedic diseases, arthritis, myo- and tenopathia and gangrene play a prominent role, among the consequences of injury the fracture of the skull (n = 10) is in first place. Mainly individuals, but also groups of patients are reported. The clients' information on the course of the disease was often cautious. Diagnostics were limited to inspection and palpation. In addition to the measures of conservative treatment, four trepanations are described. The majority of traumatic brain lesions resulted in death., Discussion: The Hippocratic doctor was faced with a variety of orthopaedic disases and traumatic lesions. Within the case reports, the subjective complaints, the objective findings and the course of the treatment are described in detail. Among the ailments of the musculoskeletal system, spinal disorders, especially hypercyphosis and scoliosis play an important role. The variety of reduction techniques reported suggests that most of the fractures detected were dislocated. Post-traumatic tetanus can be readily identified in several followup observations due to the development of opisthotonus. No other surgical intervention is discussed by Hippocrates as often and as variously as trepanation. It can be concluded with some certainty that perforating injuries of the skull were a common challenge in the life of a surgeon of classic antiquity., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)

Global warming due to greenhouse gas emissions has led to record-breaking heat waves, torrential rains and droughts on a global scale in recent years. For this reason, people around the world are more keenly aware of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The construction industry is one of these sources of greenhouse gas emissions. A lot of ground improvement techniques have been developed and applied to improve the physical and mechanical properties of soil in order to achieve stability improvement, ground settlement control, reinforcement, liquefaction prevention, etc. These techniques use a lot of natural materials such as sand and crushed stone and industrial products such as cement. In order to reduce their environmental impact and to economize these techniques, many kinds of industrial waste and by-products have been beneficially used in many types of ground improvement techniques. In response to the growing awareness of carbon neutrality in recent years, it is necessary to further promote initiatives such as the beneficial use of the industrial materials that have been used so far and the development of new materials and construction methods to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. It is expected that various biomass materials will be applied in ground improvement techniques to enhance “negative emission technology”. In this paper, recent developments and applications of certain sorts of environmentally friendly ground improvement techniques, soil densification techniques and soil stabilization techniques are briefly introduced. It is to be expected that these will be further developed and applied to contribute to the reduction in carbon dioxide emissions.

The Next-Generation Liquefaction (NGL) project was launched to (1) substantially improve the quality, transparency, and accessibility of case history data related to ground failure; (2) provide a coordinated framework for supporting studies to augment case history data for conditions important for applications but poorly represented in empirical databases; and (3) provide an open, collaborative process for model development in which developer teams have access to commonresources and share ideas and results during model development, so as to reduce the potential for mistakes and to mutually benefit from best practices. NGL at present is a concept developed from multiple international workshops; aside from concept development, work to date has focused on compiling high-value case histories. We describe the project motivation, explain and illustrate how data resources will be compiled and organized, summarize preliminary results from ongoing data collection, describe needed supporting studies, and review project status and next steps.

In his marking of the consequential vicissitudes that attend the more primary instincts, Freud articulates history as the discursive operation of the psychoanalytic undertaking. But his ambivalence toward the requisite writing of that articulated history comes through when he introduces the narrative genre of the case study. The first part of this article examines Freud's implicit proposition that psychoanalysis is a complex articulation of history in that symptoms are noted and inscribed as consequential, present indicators of causal instincts (Triebe) that have been variously and "fatefully" rerouted. The second part reads Freud's defensive presentation of the first case history, the "broken fragment" of Dora and her hysteria, considering Freud's ambivalence toward his own historiographic operation. Freud's ambivalence in relation to his new genre of narrative writing illustrates the more general productive ambivalence of historiography as outlined by Michel de Certeau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Jargon is widely used in the health-care field, particularly in medical/dental records. Although standard medical abbreviations/jargon can be seen as professional, efficient shorthand, overzealous, and unrepressed jargon used by medical and dental professionals can obstruct effective communication and understanding between patients and peers. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and practice of jargon among medical and dental students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey consisting of 14 questions was carried out among final-year students and interns of the dental and medical college in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. Both descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test and Pearson correlation) were computed. Results: The majority of respondents used jargon while taking a case history. Nearly 86.2% of dental final year, 56.9% of dental interns, 73.8% and 74.6% of final medical years and interns used jargons when there was a lack of time (P = 0.002). 41.1% of BDS final year, 63.1% of BDS interns, 53.8% of medical final years, and 63.9% of medical interns were aware of standard abbreviations (P = 0.001). Nearly 78.5% of dental final year, 83.1% of dental interns, 63.1% and 66.2% of medical final years, and interns felt that the use of abbreviations should be permitted in case history taking (P = 0.027). Conclusion: The study showed the widespread use of jargon in case history taking among respondents. Although the majority of respondents were comfortable with jargon usage, there is a lack of knowledge regarding standard abbreviations. A structured guideline for the use of medical and dental abbreviations or jargon is needed to prevent miscommunication in the interpretation of medical records, which can lead to medicolegal issues.

In Tessa Hadley's (2012) short story An Abduction, a prototypical psychoanalytic primal scene is deployed to convey the main character's emotional journey from naïveté to knowledge. Drawing on the Aristotelian notion of recognition and the work of the philosopher Martha Nussbaum, I develop a reading of Hadley's story that explores the notion of cataleptic knowledge, or knowledge that is acquired through emotional suffering. I suggest that Hadley's story illuminates emotional experience by conveying vividly to the reader what Jane's experience is 'like', and develop the discussion by drawing parallels with the epistemological challenges presented by the psychoanalytic case history that similarly aims to represent what psychoanalytic work is 'like'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research indicated that valence of qualitative consumer reviews (positive versus negative) on a mental health therapist's provider website caused participants to ignore high or low numerical ratings (participants were more influenced by qualitative reviews than by numerical ratings). Our current study extended this research by manipulating the type of commentary presented (experience- or outcome-focused qualitative reviews). Participants reviewed a fictitious therapist's online profile and indicated their intent to seek professional help, compliance intent, potential bond, and expectations of client health outcomes. Results indicated participants were more sensitive to experience comments than outcome comments when comments were negative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are 14 ground fissures covering the municipal area of Xi'an, which have brought great difficulties to the construction of metro tunnel. When a tunnel is constructed in a region with ground fissures, problems (such as cracking or shearing failure of tunnel lining, groundwater seepage, failure of shield machine, and track deformation in metro) may be encountered due to the activity of ground fissure. To mitigate such risks, this paper proposes a series of engineering countermeasures. A case history, where the study section belongs to the Xi'an Metro Line 1, is referred to evaluate effectiveness of the adopted treatment measures. The feedbacks demonstrated that the problems of structural deformation and water seepage can be avoided, and ground settlement caused by ground fissure was effectively controlled. And to improve the efficiency of tunnel construction, a shield tunnel construction scheme is proposed. This study can provide significant reference and experience for constructing metro tunnel in ground fissure development areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article scrutinizes the determination of input motions for forensic ground-response analysis in the near-source region, based on recorded surface ground motions at strong-motion station sites, from the same event. The first part of the article draws upon observed ground motions from the 22 February 2011 6.2 Mw Christchurch earthquake to discuss key challenges of the problem associated with the strong spatial variation of ground motion in the near-source region. Effects from the complexity of the rupture, propagation of seismic waves through complex geological structures, and site characteristics are explored. It is argued that, because of the strongly varying source-path "signature" on near-source ground motions, "reference" input motions for ground-response analysis must be specific to, and have similar signature characteristics (be "compatible") with, the target site which is subject to the analysis. The second part of the article presents a four-step procedure for the derivation of site-specific input motions involving (1) determination of the reference layer where the input motion is to be applied in the analysis, (2) record selection considering the appropriateness of the recording station site for deconvolution and its compatibility with the target site, (3) deconvolution of the selected record to remove local site effects from the recorded ground motion, and (4) scaling of the deconvolved motion to account for differences in the source-to-site distance between the recording station and the target site. As part of the proposed procedure, a novel (amplitude-duration) scaling method is presented. Results from one-dimensional (1D) effective-stress analysis of two target Christchurch sites using input motions from the proposed procedure are used to critically evaluate the procedure and discuss essential requirements for its successful application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Florence (1801-464X) is the property of Care Comm s.r.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We analyzed harvest data to test hypotheses that nearly 4 decades of effort to reduce abundance of brown bears (Ursus arctos), black bears (U. americanus) and gray wolves (Canis lupus) in an 60,542 km2 area in south-central Alaska (Game Management Unit [GMU] 13) was positively correlated with moose (Alces alces) harvests in some time-lagged fashion. Predator-reduction efforts were progressively more aggressive over decades (both de facto and officially designated predator control) and did not have clear starting points which complicated our post hoc analyses. We documented no positive correlations (p > 0.05) between harvests of brown and black bears and subsequent moose harvests for any time lag. Moose harvest was negatively correlated with the previous years’ wolf harvest, but the relationship was weak (correlation = −0.33, p < 0.05). Consequently, we reject our hypotheses that harvest of predators was positively correlated with moose harvests. We also observed no differences in mean moose harvests during periods of officially designated wolf control (2005–2020) and a previous period (p > 0.50). We recommend that predator reductions designed to improve hunter harvests of moose be conducted within a research framework that will permit improved interpretations of results and the implementation of an adaptive-management approach to achieve management objectives.

On September 13, 2018 at approximately 4:00 pm EDT a series of emergency calls were received by 911 operators working the Lawrence and North Andover region of Massachusetts. The calls ranged from smells of "natural gas" to actual fires to actual explosions (at least five recorded). A low‐pressure natural gas supply system (0.5 psig 14 in. water column) "overpressurized" by at least one order of magnitude. Approximately 8600 customers were affected. Of these, 131 customers had some type of "extended over pressure event" such as a release of natural gas within their basement. This is a 1.5% failure rate on systems that should have been in place when over pressure occur. Unfortunately, this 1.5% failure rate translated into a multimillion dollar loss for the gas company, and the disruption of quality of life for 8600 residents, hundreds of whom were displaced for over 6 months as their homes were rebuilt. One year later, full recovery is still in progress for the area. The root cause traces back to a failed "management of change" system. With proper a hazard analysis/safety review and communication, this event could have been prevented or at least mitigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a lecture by Wilhelm Stekel on the premiere of the play 'Griselda' (1909) by Gerhard Hauptmann and the following discussion in the so-called Wednesday society, Freud's ambivalent relationship to poets --as a doctor and as a writer-- is elaborated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the eighteenth century, the writing of case histories, incorporating findings at post-mortem, was central to how the study of disease was practised. The use of this epistemic genre reflected the work of medical practitioners with their patients. By contrast, Matthew Baillie's Morbid Anatomy (1793) was a work of anatomy on the subject of disease that promoted an anatomical approach to the study of disease and stemmed from his own, different practice, which was anatomical. This was criticized by contemporaries who were sceptical that such an approach would prove useful to the physician's practice. Baillie's work took on the features of anatomy books, and omitted many of the features central to the writing of case histories, such as patient narratives. Instead he focused on describing, in generalized terms, the changes in structure caused by disease. These descriptions were valued by contemporaries, who incorporated his descriptions into their own works, changing the way that cases included anatomical findings. At the same time, Baillie's later editions contained more features of cases, such as descriptions of symptoms. Thus, individual books worked to integrate epistemic genres, and change practice in the study of disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]