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The change in the Dutch secondary school mathematics curriculum known as Realistic Mathematics Education advocated by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM 2000) is discussed. There are very good chances in Netherlands to finish its mathematics revolution which would be a revolution in content, teaching style and student learning.

Disparities in curricular offerings between poor, inner-city schools and their more affluent counterparts leave urban students at a disadvantage in terms of preparation for higher education and future job opportunities. Introducing more rigorous academic coursework into traditionally low-performing schools is one way to close this gap; however, the addition of advanced classes is only part of moving a school to a higher level of academic performance. Using a framework developed by Oakes, we investigate the technical, normative, and political dimensions of the turnaround of an inner-city high school through a case study of the introduction of advanced placement calculus. The authors find that the calculus course is not an isolated effort but part of a package of increased academic expectations of students and staff and an influx of financial and personnel resources stemming from the school's position of political priority.

Reports on a long-term collaborative effort between Northeastern University and inner-city high schools in Boston which resulted in the wide-spread introduction of reform classes in schools previously lacking calculus. (Author/MM)

In this article, we present an oral history of the founding of community-based water advocacy group in Wellington County, Ontario, to illustrate and share insights about the origins stage of community organisations and their campaigns. In 2007, a group of friends and acquaintances gathered around a kitchen table in Guelph, Ontario, to make plans for opposing for-profit water bottling in their area. Fifteen years later, the "Water Watchers" and its campaigns continue to grow from these foundations. We share a fine-grained history of the founding of this organisation and based on this story, we highlight the importance of direct inter-personal relationships, a familiarity with the local political context, and accessible, low-risk opportunities for participation to establishing momentum and an enduring collective identity around a fledgling organisation and campaign. This article will be of interest to anyone interested in the theoretical or practical dimensions of the start-up of community-based social action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For new social movement theorists, changes in Western capitalist societies brought about by the transition from an industrial to a post-industrial era are fundamental to understanding the formation, structure, and [...]

Detection of myocardial ischemia with or without symptoms of angina after heart attack does not appear to be a useful predictor of future heart attacks. Myocardial ischemia refers to a deficiency of blood to the heart caused by the blocking or narrowing of arteries. Using rest electrocardiogram, exercise electrocardiogram and scintigraphy imaging, 936 patients who had been hospitalized for either heart attack or unstable angina in the previous six months were tested for myocardial ischemia. Of all the test results, only ST depression during the rest electrocardiogram was associated with an increased risk of recurrent heart attack. Exercise-induced ST depression in combination with reduced exercise capacity was significantly associated with an increased risk of heart attack, however. Myocardial ischemia was not associated with an increased risk nor was its presence or absence useful in determining prognosis., Objective.--To determine the clinical significance of silent and symptomatic myocardial ischemia detected by noninvasive testing in stable postcoronary patients. Design.--Cohort study with a mean 23-month follow-up. Setting.--Ambulatory outpatients after recent hospitalization for an acute coronary event. Patients.--Nine hundred thirty-six patients (76% male; mean age, 58 years) who were clinically stable 1 to 6 months after hospitalization for acute myocardial intarction or unstable angina. Interventions.--Noninvasive testing involved rest, ambulatory, and exercise electrocardiograms and stress thallium-201 scintigraphy. Main Outcome Measures.---Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk (hazard ratio) of first recurrent priman] events (cardiac death, nonfatal infarction, or unstable angina) or restricted events (cardiac death or nonfatal infarction) associated with ischemic noninvasive test results. Results.--ST segment depression on the rest electrocardiogram was the only noninvasive test variable that identified a significantly increased risk (P=.05) for first recurrent priman] events (hazard ratio; 95% confidence limits): rest electrocardiogram ST depression (1.5; 1.00, 2.25); ambulatory electrocardiogram ST depression (0.86; 0.49, 1.51 ); exercise electrocardiogram ST depression (1.13; 0.82, 1.56); and stress thallium-201 reversible defects (1.3; 0.96, 1.74). Test results were similar for first recurrent restricted events, and in patients with and without angina. Significantly increased risk (P Conclusion.--Detection of silent or symptomatic myocardial ischemia by noninvasive testing in stable patients 1 to 6 months after an acute coronan] event is not useful in identifying patients at increased risk for subsequent coronan] events. (JAMA. 1993;269:2379-2385)

A follow-up of 1,234 people who had suffered a heart attack found that those who lived alone were more likely to have a second heart attack or cardiac arrest than those who lived with others. The patients were enrolled in the placebo arm of a study of the effectiveness of diltiazem in patients who have had a heart attack. At six months, 15.8% of the patients living alone had a recurrent heart attack or cardiac arrest, compared to 8.8% of the patients living with others. This risk was not related to a disrupted marriage, since recurrent heart attack or cardiac arrest was much lower in separated or divorced people living with someone than in separated or divorced people living alone.

The article presents the discussion on providing career opportunities for sport management graduates at both the undergraduate and graduate levels developing a strong business plan.

Purpose: We sought to determine the effect of active versus passive voiding trials on time to hospital discharge and rates of urinary tract infection (UTI) and urinary retention (UR). Methods: We performed a prospective, randomized trial comparing active (AVT) versus passive (PVT) void trials of inpatients requiring urethral catheter removal. Of 329 eligible patients, 274 were randomized to AVT (bladder filled with saline before catheter removal) or PVT (spontaneous bladder filling after catheter removal). Primary outcome was time to hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes were UTI (NSQIP criteria) and UR (requiring repeat catheterization) within 2 weeks of void trial. Results: The median time to void was 18 (5–115) versus 236 (136–360) min in the AVT and PVT groups, respectively (p < 0.0001). However, no difference was seen in comparison of the median time to hospital discharge between AVT [28.4 (13.6–69.3) h] and PVT [30.0 (10.4–75.6) h] cohorts, respectively (p = 0.93). Six (4.8%) and 13 (12.9%) patients developed UTI in the AVT and PVT groups, respectively (p = 0.03). Eleven (8.8%) and 12 (11.9%) patients developed UR in the AVT and PVT groups, respectively (p = 0.36). Conclusion: Our study comparing AVT versus PVT demonstrated no difference in time to discharge despite a 3.6 h reduction in time to void associated with AVT. AVT was associated with a 63% reduction in UTI, with no difference seen in UR rates across cohorts. Given the reduction in UTI and technical advantages, our data suggest that AVT should be considered as a recommended technique for void trial protocol. Trial registration: NCT02886143 (clinicaltrials.gov). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the evaluation process for school media programs: (1) what is evaluation, (2) why evaluate, and (3) how to evaluate. (Author)