9 results on '"Casagrande, Guillermo"'
Search Results
2. Impact of ENSO (El niño southern oscillation) and sowing date on soil water storage evolution in corn
- Author
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Mendez, Mariano Javier, Bongianinno, Sergio, Casagrande, Guillermo, and Vergara, Graciela
- Subjects
SF191-275 ,Agriculture (General) ,Balance de agua en el suelo ,Siembra temprana y tardia ,MEI ,SF1-1100 ,Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente ,S1-972 ,Animal culture ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https] ,manejo del cultivo ,Maiz ,Cattle ,Meteorología y Ciencias Atmosféricas ,balance de agua ,ENSO ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
La producción agropecuaria en la región semiárida pampeana central (RSPC) se ve fuertemente limitada por la disponibilidad de agua, la cual está asociada a la ocurrencia del fenómeno de El Niño Oscilación del Sur (ENSO). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar la evolución del agua almacenada en el suelo (AAS) en distintas etapas fenológicas del cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) para siembras de primavera temprana (SPTe) y tardía (SPTa) bajos distintas condiciones ENSO. Para alcanzar el objetivo se calculó AAS diaria a lo largo del ciclo del cultivo de maíz en SPTe (1 de octubre) y SPTa (1 de diciembre) para las campañas entre 19502015 utilizando el software Agroagua versión 4.1. Los resultados mostraron que las SPTa presentaron niveles superiores de AAS durante el período crítico del cultivo (15 días antes y 15 días después de la floración) y 30 días después del mismo que las SPTe. En SPTa los niveles más altos de AAS durante el periodo crítico del cultivo se alcanzaron en años La Niña, mientras que en SPTe se alcanzaron en años El Niño. Los niveles más altos de AAS estarían asociados a una mayor productividad del cultivo. Sin embargo, para confirmar esto último se tendrían que conducir ensayos de campo o simulaciones con programas que permitan estimar el rendimiento. Agricultural production in the central semiarid region of Argentina (CSRA) is strongly limited by the availability of water, which is associated with the occurrence of El Niño southern Oscillation (ENSO). The aim of the work was to analyze the evolution of water stored in the soil (WSS) in different phenological stages of the corn (Zea mays L.) for early spring (ESS) and late (LSS) sowings under different ENSO conditions. To achieve the objective, daily WSS was calculated throughout the maize crop cycle in ESS (1 October) and LSS (1 December) for the period between 19502015 using the Agroagua software version 4.1. The results showed that LSS had higher WSS levels during the critical period of the crop (15 days before and 15 days after flowering) and 30 days after, than in ESS. In LSS the highest levels of WSS during the critical period of the crop were reached in La Niña years, while in ESS they were reached in El Niño years. The highest levels of WSS would be associated with higher crop productivity. However, to confirm the latter, field trials or simulations with programs to estimate the yield should be conducted. Fil: Mendez, Mariano Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Bongianinno, Sergio. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Casagrande, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Vergara, Graciela. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina
- Published
- 2018
3. Probabilidades de las precipitaciones en el área de Santa Rosa, provincia de la pampa (Argentina) = Probabilities of precipitation in the area of Santa Rosa, province of la pampa (Argentina)
- Author
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Casagrande, Guillermo, Vergara, Graciela Teresa, and Babinec, Francisco Jose
- Subjects
Lluvia ,Precipitación Atmosférica ,Probability Analysis ,Rain ,Precipitation ,Análisis de Probabilidad ,Santa Rosa, La Pampa - Abstract
En la actividad agropecuaria la incertidumbre y el riesgo son limitantes que perjudican el desarrollo de este sector, teniendo en cuenta que depende de las condiciones naturales y socioeconómicas. En regiones semiáridas las precipitaciones representan el elemento meteorológico más condicionante por su modesta cuantía y su elevada variabilidad temporal y espacial. El estudio de las lluvias a largo plazo consiste en analizar su comportamiento a través del tiempo y el espacio para saber cuándo y cuánta lluvia se espera en un determinado lugar a un nivel de probabilidad de interés económico. Las precipitaciones anuales, estacionales o mensuales pueden ocurrir en pocos eventos concentrados en períodos cortos de tiempo, por eso es trascendente conocer la distribución de las mismas y los milímetros esperados. Es importante estudiarlas también en términos de probabilidad ya que los registros pluviométricos presentan determinados riesgos de ocurrencia favorable o desfavorable de gran incidencia en la gestión de la actividad agropecuaria. Se calcularon las probabilidades de ocurrencia de las precipitaciones estacionales y decádicas en el área de Santa Rosa, lo que permitió caracterizar con más detalle la zona y estimar su aptitud para la implantación y práctica de manejo de cultivos. Risk and uncertainty are variables limiting the development of agriculture, as an activity relying on natural and socio-economic conditions. In semi-arid regions, rainfall is the most critical meteorological factor due to its scarcity and high level of temporal and spatial variability. The study of long-term rainfall involves the analysis of its occurrence pattern over time and space, with the objective to predict its values for a certain site considering probability levels under an economic scope. Annual, seasonal or monthly rainfall may occur concentrated in few events over short periods of time, with distribution and expected levels of rain as essential information to be considered. Studying rainfall in terms of probability becomes important because its occurrence is subjected to risks of great impact for farming management. This work was aimed to calculate the probabilities of seasonal and by decade rainfall for the area of Santa Rosa, La Pampa in order to get a better characterization of it and estimate its aptitude for crop implantation and management practices. EEA Anguil Fil: Casagrande, Guillermo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Reconquista; Argentina Fil: Vergara, Graciela Teresa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Babinec, Francisco Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina
- Published
- 2014
4. Áreas de riesgo agroclimático para cuatro rotaciones de cultivos de la región oriental agropecuaria de La Pampa (Argentina) = Agroclimatic risk areas for four crop rotation schedules in the agricultural eastern region of La Pampa (Argentina)
- Author
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Casagrande, Guillermo, Vergara, Graciela Teresa, Belmonte, María Laura, Fuentes, Maria Elena, Arnaiz, Juan Pablo, and Forte Lay, Juan Alberto
- Subjects
Rotación de Cultivos ,Crop Rotation ,Agroclimatology ,Accidentes Atmosféricos ,La Pampa ,Agro Climatología ,Weather Hazards ,Riesgos Climáticos - Abstract
Los riesgos climáticos son, en esencia, la probabilidad de ocurrencia de eventos de baja frecuencia que más tarde o más temprano terminan desarrollándose, guiados por su particular periodicidad. Estos riesgos se convierten en agroclimáticos cuando afectan a la producción agropecuaria. En el presente trabajo se calculó un índice de riesgo agroclimático (RAC) basado en el estudio de la climatología del agua del suelo simulando diferentes planteos rotacionales. El RAC toma valores entre 0 (riesgo mínimo) y 1 (riesgo máximo). Se utilizaron cuatro planteos rotacionales en secano: barbecho-trigo, alfalfa-trigo, barbecho-girasol y verdeo de invierno-girasol en veintiuna localidades de la región oriental agropecuaria de La Pampa. Los mapas muestran que en las cuatro rotaciones analizadas, durante todas las décadas que involucra cada planteo, se presentaron condiciones de sequía condicional o absoluta dentro de la época del año correspondiente al semestre cálido. La rotación barbecho-trigo presenta menor riesgo climático (RAC: 0.1 a 0.4) que alfalfatrigo (RAC: 0.1 a 0.6), barbecho-girasol (RAC: 0.4 a 0.5) y verdeo de invierno-girasol (RAC: 0.4 a 0.5). Los planteos rotacionales que involucran a un cultivo anual invernal (trigo) y los que consideran un cultivo anual estival (girasol) presentan mayor riesgo agroclimático de deficiencia hídrica en la zona centro-sur de la región agropecuaria pampeana que en la del nor-noreste. Climatic risks imply the probability of occurrence of extreme weather conditions, events that can threaten nature and human activities with a particular pattern of low frequency. They are termed agroclimatic risks when affecting farm production. The aim of this work was to assess an index of agroclimatic risk (ACR), based on the study of soil water climatology and simulation of different crop rotation schedules. The ACR index scoring was based on a scale of values running from 0 (minimum risk) to 1 (maximum risk). Four crop rotation schedules, under conditions of dry-land farming, were tested in 21 sites all over the Eastern region of La Pampa province: fallow land - wheat crop (FL-WC), lucerne pasture - wheat crop (LP-WC), fallow land - sunflower crop (FL-SC) and winter annual grass pasture - sunflower crop (WP-SC). Maps, generated with information involving the application for decades of FL-WC, LP-WC, FL-SC and WP-SC rotation schedules, showed the yearly occurrence of partial or absolute droughts during the warm semester. Rotation schedule FL-WC exhibited lower ACR values (0.1 to 0.4) than LP-WC (0.1 to 0.6), FL-SC (0.4 to 0.5) and WP-SC (0.4 to 0.5 ). In all cases, ACR index took higher values for the Centraland South-Eastern regions than the North-Eastern region of La Pampa province. EEA Anguil Fil: Casagrande, Guillermo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Vergara, Graciela Teresa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Belmonte, María Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina Fil: Fuentes, Maria Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina Fil: Arnaiz, Juan Pablo. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina Fil: Forte Lay, Juan Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
- Published
- 2014
5. EFFICIENCY OF WATER AND RADIATION USE IN MAIZE, SUNFLOWER AND SOYBEAN, IN THE ORIENTAL REGION OF LA PAMPA, ARGENTINA
- Author
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Faraldo, María L, Vergara, Graciela T, Casagrande, Guillermo A, Arnaiz, Juan P, Mirasson, Hugo, and Ferrero, Carlos
- Subjects
eficiencia ,radiation ,Helianthus annus ,Zea may ,Glicine max ,agua ,efficiency ,radiación ,Helianthus annu ,water ,Zea mays - Abstract
La eficiencia en el uso del agua (EUA) o de la radiación (EUR) se puede representar por la cantidad de materia seca por unidad del recurso captado. la mayor productividad de un cultivo puede lograrse por aumento en la captura de recursos , y/o en la eficiencia de su uso. El trabajo consistió en estudiar la EUA y la EUR en tres cultivos de verano (maíz, girasol y soja). los ensayos se realizaron en catriló, La Pampa , Argentina, en el período 2005/2010. Analizadas cinco campañas, el maíz, Zea mays, se presentó como el cultivo más eficiente en el uso del agua y la radiación solar (RS). Sin embargo , cuando se presentan condiciones de sequía el girasol, Helianthus annus, resulta ser el cultivo más eficiente en el uso de ambos recursos. La soja, Glicine max, en todos los grupos de madurez (gM) anali zados no resultó ser eficiente en el uso del agua en comparación a los otros cultivos. Desde el punto de vista energético, el maíz fue el que mayor cantidad de fotoasimilados produjo para lograr los rendi mientos de cada campaña, seguido del girasol. Se concluye que para el período estudiado, ambos cultivos se diferencian positivamente de la soja, pudiéndose aseverar que son los de mejor comportamiento en la región semiárida pampeana Efficiency in the water (WUE) or radiation (RUE) can use be represented by the amount of dry matter per unit of resource captured. Higher productivity of a crop can be achieved by increasing resource capture and/or bigger efficiency in its use. The work consisted on the study the WUE and the RUE in three summer crops (maize, sunflower and soybeans). Assays were performed in Catriló, La Pampa, Argentina, in 2005/2010 period. Five campaigns were analyzed resulting maize, Zea mays, as the most efficient crop in water and radiation solar use. However, when drought conditions occur, sunflower, Helianthus annus, became the more efficient crop for the use of both resources. The soybean, Glycine max, in all analyzed maturity groups (MG) did not reach the WUE achieved by corn and sunflower. From the energy perspective, corn was the crop that produced the greatest amount of photoassimilates to achieve the performance of each campaign, followed by sunflower. It was concluded that for studied period, both crops differ positively from soybeans, thus we can to assert that they are the best performing in the semi-arid pampas
- Published
- 2011
6. Comparación y evolución de la evaporación de tanque y evapotranspiración de referencia en la región semiárida pampeana central.
- Author
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Bazán Azargado, Ramiro, Vergara, Graciela, Casagrande, Guillermo, and Méndez, Mariano Javier
- Subjects
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ABSOLUTE value , *SPRING , *ARID regions , *AUTUMN , *WATER efficiency - Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine changes in atmospheric water demand in the central semi-arid Pampas region over the last 30 years through evaporation and reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Data were obtained from the agrometeorological station of the College of Agronomy at UNLPam located in Santa Rosa, La Pampa. Evaporation was measured using an American-type A pan (E-T), and ETo was estimated using the Penman-Monteith equation (ETo-PM) for the period 1988-2019. Results showed that annual E-T ranged from 1850.0 to 2940.0 mm, while annual ETo-PM varied from 1130.0 to 1620.0 mm. The average annual E-T was 2332.7 mm ± 320.8 mm, and the average annual ETo-PM was 1346.4 mm ± 145.8 mm. Despite differences in absolute values, E-T and ETo-PM were directly associated (p<0.01), consistent with previous studies in other parts of the world. The annual tank coefficient (kt), defined as the slope of the regression line between ET and ETo, was 0.5713. According to this kt, annual E-T overestimated ETo-PM by 75 %. Seasonally (spring, summer, autumn, and winter), ET overestimated ETo between 66 % and 100 %. Both annual E-T and ETo showed an increasing trend (p<0.05). Considering that E-T is a direct measurement and ETo-PM is an estimation, and given the substantial differences in absolute values, there is a need for a lysimeter to precisely measure atmospheric and crop water demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. CLASIFICACIÓN CLIMÁTICA DE LA REGIÓN AGRÍCOLA DE LA PROVINCIA DE LA PAMPA, ARGENTINA.
- Author
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Méndez, Mariano, Vergara, Graciela, Casagrande, Guillermo, and Bongianino, Sergio
- Abstract
The aim of this work was to classify, from local climate data, the climate of the north, center and south of the agricultural area of La Pampa province using the Köppen and the Thornthwaite climate classification. The meteorological temperature records from 1941 to 2010 of General Pico (northern agricultural region) and Santa Rosa (central agricultural region), and from 1941 to 1970 of Guatraché (southern agricultural region) and the precipitation records from 1980 to 2018 were used. Different soil water stores were also used according to the type, texture and depth of soil present in each locality. According to the Köppen climate classification, the climate is the same in all locations studied. The climate of the agricultural area of La Pampa is "temperate without dry season with hot summer (Cfa)". According to the climate classification of Thornthwaite, the climate of the north of the agricultural area of La Pampa (General Pico) is humid subhumid, with no or small water deficit, cold temperate mesothermal with a summer concentration of thermal efficiency less than 48 % (C2rB'2a'). The climate of the center and south of the agricultural area (Santa Rosa and Guatraché) is dry subhumid, with little or no excess water, cold temperate mesothermal with a summer concentration of thermal efficiency less than 48 % (C1rB'2a'). The type of climate in the three studied localities was the same for the different water storage used according to the soil. The Thornthwaite climatic classification was able to differentiate two types of climate from the hydrological point of view in the agricultural area of La Pampa in accordance with the statistical analysis of precipitation. It is expected that, this study will be a bibliographic reference for the field works, developed in the agricultural area of La Pampa, that require classify the climate of the place where they were carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. IMPA CTO DE EL NIÑO OSCILACIÓN DEL SUR (ENSO) Y LA FECHA DE SIEMBRA EN LA EVOLUCIÓN DEL AGUA ALMACENADA EN EL SUELO DURANTE EL CULTIVO DE MAÍZ.
- Author
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Mariano Javier, Mendez, Bongianino, Sergio, Casagrande, Guillermo, and Vergara, Graciela
- Subjects
- *
AGROHYDROLOGY , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *CROP management , *WATER in agriculture , *WATER requirements for crops ,EL Nino ,CORN growth - Abstract
Agricultural production in the central semiarid region of Argentina (CSRA) is strongly limited by the availability of water, which is associated with the occurrence of El Niño southern Oscillation (ENSO). The aim of the work was to analyze the evolution of water stored in the soil (WSS) in different phenological stages of the corn (Zea mays L.) for early spring (ESS) and late (LSS) sowings under different ENSO conditions. To achieve the objective, daily WSS was calculated throughout the maize crop cycle in ESS (1 October) and LSS (1 December) for the period between 19502015 using the Agroagua software version 4.1. The results showed that LSS had higher WSS levels during the critical period of the crop (15 days before and 15 days after flowering) and 30 days after, than in ESS. In LSS the highest levels of WSS during the critical period of the crop were reached in La Niña years, while in ESS they were reached in El Niño years. The highest levels of WSS would be associated with higher crop productivity. However, to confirm the latter, field trials or simulations with programs to estimate the yield should be conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. CARACTERIZACION DEL RÉGIMEN DE HELADAS EN ANGUIL, PROVINCIA DE LA PAMPA (ARGENTINA).
- Author
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García, F., Sostillo, C., Casagrande, Guillermo, and Vergara, Graciela
- Subjects
- *
FROST , *AGRICULTURE & the environment , *FREEZES (Meteorology) , *TEMPERATURE , *AGRICULTURE , *METEOROLOGY , *CLIMATOLOGY - Abstract
Frosts can cause a great damage to agricultural production, depending on their intensity and time of occurrence, as well as crop development stage. The frost regime of Anguil, La Pampa province, was characterized using minimum temperatures recorded daily above ground at 1.50 m in weather box and 0.05 m during the period 1973-2009. Frosts were classified into ranges (mild, moderate, strong and very strong) depending on their intensity. Calculations of first and last frost mean dates and their variability, along with average length of the frost and frost-free periods for the entire series and for each defined intensity range, were performed. Frosts occurring at 0.05 m above ground are of agricultural importance, considering that the average frost-free period is shorter at that height in comparison to the corresponding one for 1.50 m, whereas the number of days for the frost period near the soil surface is higher. The occurrence of very strong frosts was five times higher, and with greater deviations, at 0.05 m than at 1.50 m. Recorded first and last frost mean dates, at both height levels considered, show a high hazardousness for the flowering and fructification stages for both small grain and coarse grain crops, and for the emergency of the last ones [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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