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Your search keyword '"Carvalho, Catarina S"' showing total 16 results
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16 results on '"Carvalho, Catarina S"'

2. Andean uplift, climatic events, and rainforest bridges determined the spatiotemporal evolution of the cumaru and tonka beans (Dipterygeae: Leguminosae).

Author

Carvalho, Catarina S, Lima, Haroldo C, Lemes, Maristerra R, and Cardoso, Domingos

Subjects
*TROPICAL dry forests, *TIME perception, *COASTAL forests, *RAIN forests, *BIOGEOGRAPHY
Abstract

Historical climatic and geological events are largely known to have impacted biome evolution across the Neotropics and their associated rich biodiversity. However, a clear understanding of dispersal and biome shifts between neotropical biomes over time is still lacking for many ecologically important plant clades. We investigated the timing and ancestral species movements within the early branching papilionoid legume Dipterygeae lineage of neotropical tree species, some of which are among the most ecologically dominant across Amazonian rainforests and Brazilian savannas, to understand how dispersal and evolutionary trajectories in biome predilection have led to their modern distribution. We also estimated the evolution of fruit types and discuss their potential roles in the colonization of non-Amazonian rainforest habitats. To address these questions, we used one nuclear (ITS/5.8S) and two plastid (matK and trnL intron) DNA regions of the Dipterygeae clade to estimate divergence times with a Bayesian relaxed-clock approach, ancestral area distribution, and evolutionary shifts in biome and morphological traits. All currently recognized species of this clade were sampled, covering its full geographical range. Dipterygeae originated in the Amazonia during the Middle Eocene, where it has undergone a long history of in situ diversification, particularly over the last 15 Myr. Dispersal events into the rainforests of the Brazilian Coastal Atlantic Forest and Chocó + Central America, the fire-prone savannas of the Cerrado, and the Caatinga seasonally dry tropical forest occurred independently. Most lineages ecologically associated with rainforests are dispersed by animals (zoochory), whereas shifts to open habitats generally coincide with wind dispersal (anemochory). Our study highlights the significance of geological events, climatic factors, and shifts in fruit type as crucial contributors to the diversification of Dipterygeae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. A molecular phylogeny of the early-branching Genistoid lineages of papilionoid legumes reveals a new Amazonian genus segregated from Clathrotropis.

Author

Gregório, Bernarda de S, Carvalho, Catarina S, Ramos, Gustavo, Rocha, Lamarck, Stirton, Charles H, Lima, Haroldo C de, Zartman, Charles E, Lewis, Gwilym P, Torke, Benjamin M, Snak, Cristiane, Higuita, Heriberto A D, Queiroz, Luciano P de, and Cardoso, Domingos

Subjects
*MOLECULAR phylogeny, *BAYESIAN analysis, *DNA sequencing, *SPECIES, *FRUIT
Abstract

Molecular phylogenetic studies focused on the early-branching papilionoid legumes have revealed many new clades and supported several generic realignments, yet the monophyly of some of the constituent genera has remained unassessed. This is the case for the Amazonian genus Clathrotropis of the tribe Ormosieae. The genus, as traditionally circumscribed, comprises seven species of trees, including some of the most ecologically hyper dominant taxa across the Amazonian terra firme and seasonally flooded forests. Here we employed a Bayesian analysis of densely sampled nuclear ribosomal ITS/5.8S and plastid matK and trnL intron DNA sequences to evaluate the monophyly of Clathrotropis. All individual and concatenated analyses concurred in showing the non-monophyletic nature of Clathrotropis , whose species fall into three distantly related lineages: one, comprised of C. brachypetala , C. brunnea , C. glaucophylla and the ecologically dominant C. macrocarpa , is circumscribed here as the new genus Cabari ; the two others, comprising C. paradoxa and the widespread C. nitida , are more closely related to Spirotropis of the tribe Ormosieae. Such phylogeny-based dismemberment of Clathrotropis is further supported by vegetative, floral, fruit, and seed characters. Although the genes analysed in this study have provided phylogenetically informative data supporting the need for a new circumscription of Clathrotropis , we suggest that future phylogenomic studies should seek to better resolve the relationships of the newly described genus Cabari across the phylogenetically recalcitrant early-branching nodes of the Genistoid clade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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4. A molecular phylogeny of the early-branching Genistoid lineages of papilionoid legumes reveals a new Amazonian genus segregated from Clathrotropis

Author

Gregório, Bernarda de S, primary, Carvalho, Catarina S, additional, Ramos, Gustavo, additional, Rocha, Lamarck, additional, Stirton, Charles H, additional, de Lima, Haroldo C, additional, Zartman, Charles E, additional, Lewis, Gwilym P, additional, Torke, Benjamin M, additional, Snak, Cristiane, additional, Higuita, Heriberto A D, additional, de Queiroz, Luciano P, additional, and Cardoso, Domingos, additional

Published
2023
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6. Nomenclatural review and history of Pycnoporus (Polyporaceae): A widespread, bright-reddish genus in Basidiomycota

Author

Gurgel, Rafaela Araújo F., Carvalho, Catarina S., Ishikawa, Noemia K., and Cabral, Tiara S.

Subjects
Biodiversity, Plant Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy
Abstract

Gurgel, Rafaela Araújo F., Carvalho, Catarina S., Ishikawa, Noemia K., Cabral, Tiara S. (2023): Nomenclatural review and history of Pycnoporus (Polyporaceae): A widespread, bright-reddish genus in Basidiomycota. Phytotaxa 589 (3): 296-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.10

Published
2023

7. A dated phylogeny of the Neotropical Dipterygeae clade reveals 30 million years of winged papilionate floral conservatism in the otherwise florally labile early-branching papilionoid legumes

Author

Carvalho, Catarina S, primary, de Lima, Haroldo Cavalcante, additional, Lemes, Maristerra Rodrigues, additional, Zartman, Charles E, additional, van den Berg, Cássio, additional, García-Dávila, Carmen Rosa, additional, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N, additional, Mader, Malte, additional, Paredes-Villanueva, Kathelyn, additional, Tysklind, Niklas, additional, and Cardoso, Domingos, additional

Published
2023
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10. The discovery of a new giant legume tree species in a severely fragmented landscape underscores the alarming threats to the biodiversity of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Author

Carvalho, Catarina S, Lima, Haroldo C, Zuanny, Débora C, Gregório, Bernarda S, and Cardoso, Domingos Bos

Subjects
*FOREST biodiversity, *FRAGMENTED landscapes, *RAIN forests, *SPECIES, *NUMBERS of species, *PLANT species, *BROMELIACEAE, *LEGUMES
Abstract

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest domain has one of the highest levels of plant species endemism, but the intense historical fragmentation across the coastal Atlantic tropical rain forest has reduced the original vegetation to < 10% and an island-like, patchy landscape. Despite such unprecedented vegetation loss, biogeographically and phylogenetically interesting discoveries in different angiosperm families have been newly reported for the Atlantic Forest in recent years. Here, we show that species discovery in the legume family (Fabaceae) across the Atlantic Forest has counter-intuitively been increasing. Since 1850, more than half of the legume species described for the domain are endemic, and the total number of endemic species has since increased almost four-fold, resulting in the current record of 442 endemic legumes. One such endemic is a new papilionoid legume, only known from a few giant trees that remained misidentified for 70 years since it was first collected. This new species, described here under the name Dipteryx hermetopascoaliana, based on morphological, geographical and molecular evidence, represents the first endemic species to the genus in the Atlantic Forest. We provide a complete morphological description, distribution map, preliminary conservation status and illustration of the new species. The phylogenetic isolation of D. hermetopascoaliana as sister to all other species of the genus and its restricted distribution in a severely fragmented landscape isolated by sugarcane monocultures in north-eastern Brazil are a signature of how critically endangered the biodiversity of the Atlantic Forest is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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11. Assessing the nomenclatural history of the sucupira‐branca trees: Friedrich Sellow's (1789–1831) collections, typification and checklist of the Neotropical legume genus Pterodon.

Author

Carvalho, Catarina S., Lima, Haroldo C., de Moraes, Pedro L.R., and Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.

Subjects
TROPICAL dry forests, TREES, LEGUMES
Abstract

Sucupira‐branca is a popular name for the papilionoid legume tree genus Pterodon (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae), which is amply distributed across South American savannas and seasonally dry tropical forests. Pterodon has been strongly supported as monophyletic in all molecular phylogenetic analyses and stands out within the Dipterygeae clade by the pinnately compound leaves with terete rachis, symmetrical leaflets with emarginate apex, and indehiscent, one‐seeded cryptosamara fruit. Despite a growing interest in Pterodon species, mainly due to their potential as drug and timber sources, their nomenclature was never fully assessed. Here, we present a nomenclatural review of the economically and ecologically important Pterodon, where we assess all 15 names and designations ever associated with the genus and provide all known orthographic variants and type localities for the accepted names. Besides that, we propose one new species the designation of which has never been validly published, typify five names, propose one new synonym, and provide a list of all the accepted names in the genus. Also, we show that the nomenclatural history of P. emarginatus, one of the ecologically most dominant species in fire‐prone savanna vegetation, is closely related to how Friedrich Sellow (1789–1831) collected and numbered his gatherings. By elucidating the typification of this particularly important species, we shed light on how to more accurately annotate Sellow's specimens in nomenclatural revisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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14. Brazilian Flora 2020: Innovation and collaboration to meet Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC)

Author

Filardi,Fabiana L. Ranzato, Barros,Fábio de, Baumgratz,José Fernando A., Bicudo,Carlos E.M., Cavalcanti,Taciana B., Coelho,Marcus A. Nadruz, Costa,Andrea F., Costa,Denise P., Goldenberg,Renato, Labiak,Paulo Henrique, Lanna,João M., Leitman,Paula, Lohmann,Lúcia G., Maia,Leonor Costa, Mansano,Vidal F., Morim,Marli P., Peralta,Denilson F., Pirani,José Rubens, Prado,Jefferson, Roque,Nádia, Secco,Ricardo S., Stehmann,João Renato, Sylvestre,Lana S., Viana,Pedro L., Walter,Bruno M.T., Zimbrão,Geraldo, Forzza,Rafaela Campostrini, Abreu,Maria C., Abreu,Vanessa H.R., Acevedo-Rodríguez,Pedro, Acunã C.,Rafael, Afonso,Edgar A.L., Agra,Leandro A.N.N., Agra,Maria F., Almeda,Frank, Almeida,Gracineide S.S., Almeida,Mariana M., Almeida,Nicolli B.C., Almeida,Rafael F., Almeida,Thaís E., Alves,Flávio M., Alves,Maria, Alves-Araújo,Anderson, Amaral,Maria C.E., Amélio,Leandro A., Amorim,André M.A., Amorim,Bruno S., Amorim,Vivian O., Andrade,Ivanilza M., André,Thiago, Andreata,Regina H.P., Andrino,Caroline O., Angulo,María B., Antar,Guilherme M., Aona,Lidyanne Y.S., Arana,Marcelo, Aranha Filho,João L.M., Araújo,Andréa O., Araújo,Camila C., Araújo,Cintia A.T., Araújo,Mário H.T., Asprino,Renata C., Assis,Francine C., Assis,Leandro C.S., Assis,Marta C., Athayde Filho,Francisco, Athiê-Souza,Sarah M., Azevedo,Michaele A.M., Bacci,Lucas F., Barbosa,Ariane R., Barbosa,Camilo V.O., Barbosa,Juliana F., Barbosa,Maria, Barbosa-Silva,Rafael G., Barboza,Gloria E., Barcelos,Flávia R.B., Barcelos,Laísa B., Barreto,Kamilla L., Bastos,Cid J.P., Bastos,Cláudia A., Benelli,Ada, Bernacci,Luís C., Beyer,Maila, Bezerra,Andrea C.C., Bigio,Narcísio C., Biral,Leonardo, Bissoli,Vinícius F., Bochorny,Thuane, Bohs,Lynn, Boldorini,Abril, Boldrini,Ilsi I., Bolson,Mônica, Bonadeu,Francismeire, Bordin,Juçara, Bordon,Natali G., Borges,Leonardo M., Borges,Rafael A.X., Borges,Rodrigo L., Bortoluzzi,Roseli L.C., Bove,Cláudia P., Bovini,Massimo G., Braga,João Marcelo A., Branco,Suema, Brauner,Laiana M., Braz,Denise M., Bringel Jr.,João B.A., Brito,Antonio L.V.T., Brito,Carolina R., Brito,Eliete S., Bruniera,Carla P., Büneker,Henrique M., Bünger,Mariana, Buril,Maria T., Cabral,Andressa, Cabral,Elsa L., Cabral,Fernanda N., Caddah,Mayara K., Caires,Claudenir S., Calazans,Luana S.B., Caldas,Diana K.D., Calió,Maria F., Calvo,Joel, Camargo,Rodrigo A., Campos-Rocha,Antonio, Cândido,Elisa S., Canestraro,Bianca K., Canto-Dorow,Thais S., Cardoso,André L.R., Cardoso,Domingos B.O.S., Cardoso,Leandro J.T., Cardoso,Pedro H., Carmo,Dimas M., Carmo,João A.M., Carneiro,Camila R., Carneiro,Cláudia E., Carneiro-Torres,Daniela S., Carrijo,Tatiana T., Carrión,Juan F., Caruzo,Maria B.R., Carvalho Sobrinho,Jefferson G., Carvalho,Catarina S., Carvalho,Dariane A.S., Carvalho,Maria L.S., Carvalho-Silva,Micheline, Castello,Ana C.D., Castro,Márcia S., Catenacci,Fernanda S., Cavalcanti,Laise H., Cavalheiro,Larissa, Cerqueira,Roberta M., Chacon,Roberta G., Chagas,Earl C.O., Chautems,Alain, Chauveau,Olivier, Christ,Anderson L., Christ,Jheniffer A., Clark,Lynn G., Coelho,Alexa A.O.P., Coelho,Guilherme P., Coelho,Rubens L.G., Colletta,Gabriel D., Colli-Silva,Matheus, Conceição,Adilva S., Conceição,Tulio C., Condack,João P.S., Conde,Maíra L.G., Contro,Fernanda L., Cordeiro,Inês, Cordeiro,Luciana S., Cordeiro,Wesley P.F.S., Côrtes,Ana L.A., Coser,Thiago S., Costa e Silva,Maria B., Costa,Daniel S., Costa,Daniela G.A., Costa,Fabiane N., Costa,Fernanda S.N., Costa,Francisco C.P., Costa,Géssica A.G., Costa,Itayguara R., Costa,Jeferson M., Costa,Jorge A.S., Costa,Thiago V., Costa,Tiago S., Costa-Lima,James L., Costa-Silva,Rafael, Cota,Matheus M.T., Couto,Dayvid R., Couto,Ricardo S., Couvo,Anielly F., Dal Molin,Luis H., Daly,Douglas, Damasceno,Rafaella G.L., Deble,Leonardo P., Delfini,Carolina, Delgado Jr.,Geadelande C., Delgado- Salinas,Alfonso, Dematteis,Massimiliano, Dettke,Greta A., Devecchi,Marcelo F., Di Maio,Fernando R., Dias,Micheli C., Dias,Pedro, Díaz,Yani C.A., Dittrich,Vinícius A.O., Domínguez,Yoannis, Dórea,Marcos C., Dorneles,Mariane P., Dressler,Stefan, Duarte,Marilia C., Dutilh,Julie H.A., Dutra,Valquíria F., Echternacht,Livia, Egea,Marcelo M., Eggers,Lilian, Engels,Mathias, Erkens,Roy H.J., Eslabão,Marcelo P., Espírito Santo,Fábio S., Esser,Hans-Joachim, Essi,Liliana, Esteves,Gerleni L., Esteves,Roberto L., Ezcurra,Cecilia, Facco,Marlon G., Fader,Andrea A.C., Falcão Jr.,Marcus J.A., Fantecelle,Laura B., Fantini,Isabella F., Farco,Gabriela E., Faria,Allan L.A., Faria,Ana P.G., Faria,Aparecida D., Faria,Jair E.Q., Faria,Maria T., Farinaccio,Maria A., Fernandes,Ana C., Fernandes,Rozijane S., Fernandes,Ulisses G., Fernandes-Júnior,Aluisio J., Ferreira,Fabrício M., Ferreira,Gabriel E., Ferreira,João P.R., Ferreira,Priscila P.A., Ferreira,Silvana C., Ferrucci,María S., Fiaschi,Pedro, Fierro,Alina F., Filgueiras,Tarciso S., Firetti-Leggieri,Fabiana, Fleischmann,Andreas, Florentín,Javier E., Florentín,Mariela N., Flores,Andréia S., Flores,Thiago B., Fonseca,Luiz H.M., Fontela-Pereira,Jorge, Fontelas,Jean C., Fraga,Cláudio N., Fraga,Fernanda R.M., Fraga,Santiago, França,Flávio, França,Juliana R.K.G., Francener,Augusto, Francisco,Jéssica N.C., Frazão,Annelise, Freitas,Fernanda S., Freitas,Joelcio, Freitas,Maria F., Fritsch,Peter, Funez,Luís A., Furtado,Samyra G., Gaglioti,André L., Gandara,Andréia, Garcia,Flávia C.P., Garcia,Nicolás, Gasper,André L., Giacomin,Leandro L., Giaretta,Augusto, Gibau,Alexandre, Gil,André S.B., Gissi,Danilo S., Giuffre,Pamela M.W., Giulietti-Harley,Ana M.G., Giussani,Liliana M., Goebel,Gabriela, Góes,Monique B., Gomes,Beatriz M., Gomes,Mario, Gomes-da-Silva,Janaína, Gomes-Klein,Vera L., Gonçalez,Victor M., Gonçalves,Ana P.S., Gonçalves,Deise J.P., Gonella,Paulo M., Gonzaga,Diego R., González,Favio, Gonzatti,Felipe, Gouvea,Yuri F., Graham,Shirley A.T., Gregório,Bernarda S., Grings,Martin, Groppo,Milton, Grossi,Mariana A., Guedes,Juliana S., Guerra,Ethiéne, Guimarães,Elsie F., Guimarães,Leonardo R.S., Guimarães,Paulo J.F., Gutiérrez,Diego G., Hall,Climbiê F., Hassemer,Gustavo, Hattori,Eric K.O., Hechenleitner,Paulina, Heiden,Gustavo, Henning,Tilo, Hensold,Nancy, Hinoshita,Lucas K.R., Hirai,Regina Y., Hopkins,Michael J.G., Hurbath,Fernanda, Iganci,João R.V., Imig,Daniela C., Inácio,Camila D., Indriunas,Alexandre, Jacques,Eliane L., Jacques,Suara S.A., Jardim,Jomar G., Jesus,Jôane C., Jesus,Priscila B., Jesus-Costa,Cristielle, Johnson,David, Jordão,Lucas S.B., Kaehler,Miriam, Kameyama,Cíntia, Kataoka,Eric Y., Kessous,Igor M., Kinoshita,Luiza S., Klein,Viviane P., Knapp,Sandra, Koch,Ana K., Koch,Ingrid, Kochanovski Jr.,Fábio, Kollmann,Ludovic J.C., Konno,Tatiana U.P., Koschnitzke,Cristiana, Kotovski,Emília R., Kriebel,Ricardo, Kulkamp,Josimar, Leal,Eduardo S., Leal,Fernanda A.P., Leite,Áurea C.F., Leite,Wellerson P., Lima,Adenilsa A.R., Lima,Duane F., Lima,Haroldo C., Lima,Jessica S., Lima,Laíce F.G., Lima,Letícia R., Lima,Luis F.P., Lima,Rita B.†, Lima,Vanessa L., Link-Pérez,Melanie A., Lirio,Elton J., Lisboa,Décio S., Lobão,Adriana Q., Loeuille,Benoit F.P., Loiola,Maria I.B., Lombardi,Julio A., Longhi-Wagner,Hilda M., Lopes,Jenifer C., Lopes,Letícia O., Lopes,Rosana C., López,M. Gabriela, Lorencini,Tiago S., Lourenço,Ana R.L., Lourenço,Arthur R., Louzada,Rafael B., Lovo,Juliana, Lozano,Eduardo D., Lucas,Dióber B., Lucas,Eve J., Lüdtke,Raquel, Luizi-Ponzo,Andrea P., Machado,Anderson F.P., Machado,Evandro P., Machado,Talita M., Maciel,Jefferson R., Maciel-Silva,Adaíses S., Maciel-Silva,Juliene F., Magenta,Mara A.G., Mamede,Maria C.H., Marchioretto,Maria S., Marinho,Lucas C., Marques,Danilo, Marquete,Ronaldo, Martins,Angela B., Martins,Márcio L.L., Martins,Milena V., Martins,Renata C., Martins,Suzana E., Martins-Hall,Caroline O., Matias,Ligia Q., Matos,Agnes M.M.V., Matos,Fernando B., Matozinhos,Carolina N., Mattos,Cilene M.J., Mauad,Anna V.S.R., Mayo,Simon J., Mazine,Fiorella F., Medeiros,Débora, Medeiros,Erika V.S.S., Medeiros,Herison, Medeiros,Maria C.M.P., Meerow,Alan W., Meirelles,Julia, Mello,Zelia R., Mello-Silva,Renato, Melo,André L., Melo,Caio V.V.D., Melo,Efigenia, Melo,José I.M., Melo,Talita M.S., Mendes,Maria C.Q., Mendoza,Moises, Meneguzzo,Thiago E.C., Menezes,Cristine G., Menezes,Mariângela, Menini Neto,Luiz, Mentz,Lilian A., Mesquita,Antônio L., Mezzonato-Pires,Ana C., Michelangeli,Fabián A., Miguel,João R., Miguel,Laila M., Miotto,Silvia T.S., Miranda,Vitor F.O., Molina,José M.P., Mondin,Cláudio A., Monteiro,Daniele, Monteiro,Maria H.D.A., Monteiro,Raquel F., Moraes R.,Mónica, Morales,Juan F., Morales,Matías, Moran,Robbin C., Moreira,André L.C., Moreira,Andréia D.R., Moreira,Bianca A., Moreira,Giselle L., Moreira,Pablo F.F., Morokawa,Rosemeri, Moroni,Pablo, Mota,Aline C., Mota,Michelle, Mota,Nara F.O., Moura,Beryl E.L., Moura,Carlos W.N., Moura,Clapton O., Moura,Ingridy O., Moura,Luíza C., Moura,Osvanda S., Moura,Ricardo L., Moura,Tania M., Mundim,Júlia V., Muniz,Leticia N., Mynssen,Claudine M., Nakajima,Jimi N., Nascimento,Janaina G.A., Nascimento,Silvia M., Nepomuceno,Francisco A.A., Nervo,Michelle H., Nery,Eduardo K., Nicora Chequín,Renata, Nóbrega,Giseli A., Nunes,Clebiana S., Nunes,Teonildes S., O’Leary,Nataly, Oellgaard,Benjamin, Oliveira,Adriana L.R., Oliveira,Ana L.F., Oliveira,Bárbara A., Oliveira,Fernanda M.C., Oliveira,Gleison S., Oliveira,Hermeson C., Oliveira,Iasmin L.C., Oliveira,Juliana A., Oliveira,Lorena C., Oliveira,Luciana S.D., Oliveira,Marla I.U., Oliveira,Regina C., Oliveira,Renata S., Oliveira,Reyjane P., Oliveira,Rodrigo C.G., Orlandini,Priscila, Pacífico,Ricardo B., Paixão,Liliane C., Parra,Lara R., Pastore,José F.B., Pastore,Mayara, Pastori,Tamara, Paucar,Jenny O.A., Paula-Souza,Juliana, Pederneiras,Leandro C., Peichoto,Myriam C., Peixoto,Ariane L., Pellegrini,Marco O.O., Peñaloza-Bojacá,Gabriel F., Perdiz,Ricardo O., Pereira,Amanda P.N., Pereira,Andreza S.S., Pereira,Jovani B.S., Pereira,Maria S., Pereira,Paulo E.E., Pereira,Sidney S., Perestrello,Felipe G.M., Perez,Ana P.F., Pessoa,Cleiton S., Pessoa,Clenia S., Pessoa,Edlley M., Petrongari,Fernanda S., Philbrick,Thomas, Picanço,Anna C.M., Pietrobom,Marcio R., Pignal,Marc, Pimenta,Karena M., Pinto,Rafael B., Plos,Anabela, Pontes Pires,Aline F., Pontes,Ricardo A.S., Pontes,Tiago A., Pott,Vali J., Praia,Talita S., Prata,Ana P.N., Prochazka,Luana S., Proença,Carolyn E.B., Prudêncio,Renato X.A., Pscheidt,Allan C., Quaresma,Aline S., Queiroz,George A., Queiroz,Luciano P., Queiroz,Rubens T., Quinet,Alexandre, Rainer,Heimo, Ramos,Eliana, Ramos,Geraldo J.P., Rando,Juliana G., Reginato,Marcelo, Reis e Silva,Genilson A., Reis,Miguel M.R., Reis,Priscila A., Ribas,Osmar S., Ribeiro,André R.O., Ribeiro,José E.L.S., Ribeiro,Michel, Ribeiro,Pétala G., Ribeiro,Rayane T.M., Ribeiro,Rogério N., Ribeiro-Silva,Suelma, Riina,Ricard, Ritter,Mara R., Rivadavia,Fernando, Rivera,Vanessa L., Rizzo,Beatriz D., Rocha,Antônio E., Rocha,Maria J.R., Rodrigues,Izabella M.C., Rodrigues,Karina F., Rodrigues,Marianna C., Rodrigues,Rodrigo S., Rollim,Isis M., Romanini,Rebeca P., Romão,Gerson O., Romão,Marcos V.V., Romero,Rosana, Rosa,Patrícia, Rosa,Priscila O., Rosário,Alessandro S., Rosário,Sebastião M., Rosignoli-Oliveira,Letícia G., Rossetto,Elson F.S., Rossi,Lucia, Rossini,Josiene, Royer,Carla A., Rua,Gabriel H., Sá,Cyl F.C., Saavedra,Mariana M., Saka,Mariana N., Sakuragui,Cassia M., Salas,Roberto M., Sales,Margareth F., Salimena,Fátima R.G., Salino,Alexandre, Sampaio,Daniela, Sancho,Gisela, Sano,Paulo T., Santana,Karoline C., Santiago,Augusto C.P., Santos,Alessandra, Santos,Amanda P.B., Santos,Andrea K.A., Santos,Carlos A.G., Santos,Emanuelle L., Santos,Fernanda B., Santos,João U.M., Santos,Karin, Santos,Leidiana L., Santos,Matheus F., Santos,Otilene A., Santos,Rafaela F., Santos,Renata G.P., Santos,Thiago F., Santos-Silva,Fernanda, Santos-Silva,Juliana, Saraiva,Deisy P., Sarkinen,Tiina, Sartori,Ângela L.B., Sassone,Agostina B., Scaravelli,Fernanda S., Scatigna,André V., Schaefer,Juliana, Scheidegger,Najla M.B., Schneider,Angelo A., Schneider,Layla J.C., Schwartsburd,Pedro B., Schwarz,Elizabeth A., Sebastiani,Renata, Segarra,Daniel V., Seleme,Elidiene P., Semir,João, Senna,Luisa R., Setubal,Robberson B., Shimizu,Gustavo H., Shirasuna,Regina T., Silva,Aline V.M., Silva,Amanda L., Silva,Anádria S., Silva,Beatriz N.F., Silva,Caroline C.A., Silva,Cassio R., Silva,Christian, Silva,Cintia V., Silva,Diego N., Silva,Fabio A., Silva,Fernanda O., Silva,Gustavo H.L., Silva,Leonardo N., Silva,Marcos J., Silva,Marcus F.O., Silva,Maria S.D., Silva,Nilda M.F., Silva,Otávio L.M., Silva,Renato R., Silva,Saura R., Silva,Tânia R.S., Silva,Tatiane S., Silva,Thaynara S., Silva,Wanderson L.S., Silva-Castro,Milene M., Silva-Cobra,Gisele O., Silva-Gonçalves,Kelly C., Silva-Luz,Cíntia L., Silveira,Fernanda S., Silveira,João B., Silveira,Thamyres C., Simão-Bianchini,Rosângela, Simões,Ana R., Simões,André O., Simon,Marcelo F., Singer,Rosana F., Siniscalchi,Carolina M., Siqueira,Carlos E., Smidt,Eric C., Smith,Alan R., Smith,Nathan P., Snak,Cristiane, Soares Neto,Raimundo L., Soares,Abel E.R., Soares,Edson L.C., Soares,Kelen P., Soares,Marcos V.B., Soares,Maria L.C., Soares,Polyana N., Soares,Rosane S., Sobrado,Sandra V., Sobral,Marcos, Somner,Genise V., Sousa,Danilo J.L., Sousa,Francisco S., Sousa,Gardene M., Sousa,Leandro O.F., Sousa,Mayco W.S., Sousa,Valdeci F., Souza,Aline M., Souza,Bruno P., Souza,Elnatan B., Souza,Élvia R., Souza,Filipe S., Souza,Luzia F., Souza,Marcelo C., Souza,Maria A.D., Souza,Paulo C.B., Souza,Raquel M.B.S., Souza,Vinicius C., Souza-Buturi,Fátima O., Spina,Andréa P., Stadnik,Aline M.S., Staggemeier,Vanessa G., Stapf,María N.S., Stefano,Rodrigo D., Stern,Stephen, Streher,Nathália S., Sundue,Michael, Takeuchi,Cátia, Tardivo,Rosângela C., Taylor,Nigel P., Teixeira,Michella D.R., Teles,Aristônio M., Temponi,Livia G., Terra,Vanessa, Thode,Veronica A., Thomas,Wm. Wayt, Tierno,Lorena R., Tissot-Squalli,Mara L., Toledo,Cássio A.P., Torke,Benjamin M., Tozzi,Ana M.G.A., Trad,Rafaela J., Trovó,Marcelo, Tuler,Amélia C., Udulutsch,Renata G., Uribbe,Fernando P., Valadares,Rodrigo T., Valdemarin,Karinne S., Valente,Emilia B., Valls,Jose F.M., van den Berg,Cássio, Vasconcelos,Liziane V., Vasconcelos,Thaís N.C., Vaz,Angela M.S.F., Versiane,Ana F.A., Versieux,Leonardo M., Via do Pico,Gisela M., Vidal Jr.,João de Deus, Vidal,Kaio V.A., Vieira,João P.S., Vieira,Tamara A.F., Viera Barreto,Jessica N., Vignoli-Silva,Márcia, Vilas Bôas-Bastos,Silvana B., Villarreal A.,Juan C., Vincent,Michael A., Vinícius-Silva,Ronaldo, Vita,Marcela D., Viveros,Raquel S., Vogel Ely,Cleusa, Volet,Danilo P., Wallnöfer,Bruno, Wanderley,Maria G.L., Watanabe,Mauricio T.C., Weigend,Maximilian, Welker,Cassiano A.D., Wendt,Tânia, Windisch,Paulo G., Zannin,Ana, Zappi,Daniela C., Zeferino,Laís C., Zelenski,Andréia, Zuloaga,Fernando O., and Zuntini,Alexandre R.

Subjects
taxonomy, hotspots, database, diversity
Abstract

The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) was established by the Conference of Parties in 2002 to decrease the loss of plant diversity, reduce poverty and contribute to sustainable development. To achieve this overarching goal, the GSPC has established a series of targets, one of which is to ensure that plant diversity is well understood, so that it can be effectively conserved and used in a sustainable manner. Brazil hosts more than 46,000 species of plants, algae and fungi, representing one of the most biodiverse countries on Earth, and playing a key role in the GSPC. To meet the GSPC goals of Target 1 and facilitate access to plant diversity, Brazil committed to preparing the List of Species of the Brazilian Flora (2008-2015) and the Brazilian Flora 2020 (2016-present). Managing all the information associated with such great biodiversity has proven to be an extremely challenging task. Here, we synthesize the history of these projects, focusing on the multidisciplinary and collaborative approach adopted to develop and manage the inclusion of all the knowledge generated though digital information systems. We further describe the methods used, challenges faced, and strategies adopted, as well as summarize advances to date and prospects for completing the Brazilian flora in 2020.

Published
2018

15. Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

Author

Gomes‐da‐Silva, Janaína, Filardi, Fabiana L.R., Barbosa, Maria Regina V., Baumgratz, José Fernando A., Bicudo, Carlos E.M., Cavalcanti, Taciana B., Coelho, Marcus A.N., Costa, Andrea F., Costa, Denise P., Dalcin, Eduardo Couto, Labiak, Paulo, Lima, Haroldo C., Lohmann, Lúcia G., Maia, Leonor C., Mansano, Vidal F., Menezes, Mariângela, Morim, Marli P., Moura, Carlos Wallace N., Lughadha, Eimear Nic, Peralta, Denilson F., Prado, Jefferson, Roque, Nádia, Stehmann, João Renato, Sylvestre, Lana S., Trierveiler‐Pereira, Larissa, Walter, Bruno M.T., Zimbrão, Geraldo, Forzza, Rafaela C., Abreu, Fernanda P., Abreu, Maria C., Abreu, Vanessa H.R., Acuña‐Castillo, Rafael, Afonso, Edgar A.L., Agra, Leandro A.N.N., Agra, Maria F., Aguiar, Daniel P.P., Aires, Elisa T., Almeda, Frank, Almeida, Gracineide S.S., Almeida, Mariana M., Almeida, Nicolli B.C., Almeida, Rafael F., Almeida, Roberto B.P., Almeida, Thaís E., Almeida, Eduardo B., Alves, Daniela M., Alves, Flávio M., Alves, Karina N.L., Alves, Maria B.B., Alves, Rodolfo F., Amaral, Maria C.E., Amaral, André L.S., Amélio, Leandro A., Amorim, André M.A., Amorim, Bruno S., Amorim, Eduardo T., Amorim, Vivian O., Andrade, Ivanilza M., Andrade, Ray S., André, Thiago, Andreata, Regina H.P., Andrino, Caroline O., Ângulo, María B., Anjos, Cassiane B., Antar, Guilherme M., Antonicelli, Mirian C.A., Antunes, Lorena L.C., Aona, Lidyanne Y.S., Arana, Marcelo D., Aranha, João L.M., Araújo, Anderson G.A., Araujo, Andréa O., Araújo, Camila C., Araujo, Cintia A.T., Araujo, Flávia M., Araújo, Mário H.T., Arbo, Maria M., Arnou, Emily S., Asprino, Renata C., Assis, Francine C., Assis, Leandro C.S., Assis, Marta C., Athayde Filho, Francisco, Athiê‐Souza, Sarah M., Azevedo, Igor H.F., Bacci, Lucas F., Barbosa, Camilo V.O., Barbosa, Juliana F., Barbosa‐Silva, Rafael G., Barcellos, Ian C., Barboza, Gloria E., Barcelos, Flávia R.B., Barcelos, Laísa B., Barreto, Kamilla L., Barros, Fábio, Barros, Thamires L.A., Barros‐Barreto, Maria B.B., Bastos, Cid J.P., Bastos, Cláudia A., Batista, João A.N., Batista, Marcella M.I., Bautista, Hortencia P., Benelli, Adarilda P., Berguecio, Nicolás G., Bernacci, Luís C., Beyer, Maila, Bezerra, Andrea C.C., Bezerra, Luísa M.P.A., Bezerra, Yuri R.L., Bianchetti, Luciano B., Bigio, Narcísio C., Biral, Leonardo, Bissoli, Vinícius F., Bittencourt, Felipe, Bochorny, Thuane, Bohn, Amabily, Bohs, Lynn, Bojacá, Gabriel F.P., Boldorini, Abril, Boldrini, Ilsi I., Bolson, Mônica, Bordin, Juçara, Bordon, Natali G., Borges, Rafael A.X., Borges, Rodrigo L., Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C., Bove, Claudia P., Bovini, Massimo G., Braga, João M.A., Braga, Nayara S.S., Branco, Suema, Brauner, Laiana M., Braz, Denise M., Bringel, João B.A., Brito, Antonio L.V.T., Brito, Eliete S., Bruniera, Carla P., Buchoski, Monica G., Buck, William R., Bueno, Norma C., Bueno, Vinicius R., Büneker, Henrique M., Bünger, Mariana, Buril‐Vital, Maria T.A., Burton, George P., Cabral, Andressa, Cabral, Elsa L., Cabral, Fernanda N., Cabral, Tiara S., Caddah, Mayara K., Caires, Claudenir S., Caires, Taiara A., Calazans, Luana S.B., Caldas, Diana K.D., Calió, Maria F., Calvo, Joel, Câmara, Paulo E.A.S., Camargo, Rodrigo A., Camelo, Mel C., Campos‐Rocha, Antonio, Cândido, Elisa S., Canestraro, Bianca K., Canto‐Dorow, Thais S., Cantuária, Patrick C., Cara, Álison L., Cárdenas, Gabriela G., Cardoso, Andréia G., Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S., Cardoso, Jesiane M., Cardoso, Leandro J.T., Cardoso, Pedro H., Cardozo, Andrey L., M.D. Cardozo, Nállarett, Carmo, Dimas M., Carmo, João A.M., Carneiro, Camila R., Carneiro, Cláudia E., Carrijo, Tatiana T., Caruzo, Maria B.R., Carvalho, Catarina S., Carvalho, Dariane A.S., Carvalho, Fernanda A., Carvalho, Maria L.S., Carvalho, Jefferson G., Carvalho‐Silva, Micheline, Castello, Ana C.D., Castro, Márcia S., Castro e Silva, Isabella C., Catenacci, Fernanda S., Cavalcanti, Laise H., Cavalheiro, Larissa, Cervi, Armando C., Chacon, Roberta G., Chagas, Aline P., Chagas, Earl C.O., Chautems, Alain, Chauveau, Olivier, Chequín, Renata N., Christ, Anderson L., Christ, Jheniffer A., Cidrão, Bruno B., Clark, Lynn G., Coelho, Alexa A.O.P., Coelho, Guilherme P., Coelho, Rubens L.G., Colletta, Gabriel D., Colli‐Silva, Matheus, Conceição, Adilva S., Conceição, Tulio C., Condack, João P.S., Contro, Fernanda L., Cordeiro, Inês, Cordeiro, Luciana S., Cordeiro, Wesley P.F.S., Côrtes, Ana L.A., Costa, Daniel S., Costa, Fabiane N., Costa, Fernanda S.N., Costa, Francisco C.P., Costa, Géssica A.G., Costa, Isabelle G.C.M., Costa, Itayguara R., Costa, Jeferson M., Costa, Jorge A.S., Costa, José G.S., Costa, Maria T.R., Costa, Mitchel I.A., Costa, Suzana M., Costa, Thiago V., Costa, Tiago S., Costa e Silva, Maria B., Costa‐Lima, James L., Cota, Matheus M.T., Couceiro, Yuri S.V., Coutinho, Thales S., Couto, Dayvid R., Couto, Ricardo S., Couvo, Anielly F., Cyrillo, Stephany B., Dal Molin, Luis H., Dalastra, Claudenice H., Damasceno, Rafaella G.L., De Lazzari, Lara R.P., Deble, Leonardo P., Delfini, Carolina, Delgado Junior, Geadelande C., Delgado‐Salinas, Alfonso, Della, Aline P., Delprete, Piero G., Dematteis, Massimiliano, Dettke, Greta A., Devecchi, Marcelo F., Dewes, Talita S., Di Maio, Fernando R., Dias, Kauê N.L., Dias, Micheli C., Dias, Pedro, Díaz, Yani C.A., Dittrich, Vinícius A.O., Domínguez, Yoannis, Dórea, Marcos C., Dorneles, Mariane P., Dressler, Stefan, Duarte, Marilia C., Duran, Juan D.T., Dutilh, Julie H.A., Dutra, Letícia L., Dutra, Valquíria F., Echternacht, Livia, Eggers, Lilian, Erkens, Roy H.J., Eslabão, Marcelo P., Espírito Santo, Fábio S., Esser, Hans‐Joachim, Essi, Liliana, Esteves, Gerleni L., Esteves, Roberto L., Everling, Joel F., Ezcurra, Cecilia, Facco, Marlon G., Fader, Andrea A.C., Falcão, Marcus J.A., Fantecelle, Laura B., Farco, Gabriela E., Faria, Allan L.A., Faria, Ana P.G., Faria, Aparecida D., Faria, Maria T., Faria, Jair, Farias, Sabrina Q., Farias‐Singer, Rosana, Farinaccio, Maria A., Fernandes, Ana C., Fernandes, Fernando, Fernandes, José M., Fernandes, Rozijane S., Fernandes, Thiago, Fernandes, Ulisses G., Fernandes, Aluisio J., Fernando, Emanoel M.P., Ferreira, Carlos D.M., Ferreira, Fabrício M., Ferreira, Gabriel E., Ferreira, João P.R., Ferreira, Priscila P.A., Ferreira, Silvana C., Ferrucci, María S., Fiaschi, Pedro, Fidanza, Karina, Filgueiras, Tarciso S., Firetti, Fabiana, Fleischmann, Andreas, Florentín, Javier E., Florentín, Mariela N., Flores, Andréia S., Flores, Jerônimo M.M., Flores, Thiago B., Fonseca, Luiz H.M., Fontelas, Jean C., Fontella‐Pereira, Jorge, Forster, Wellington, Fraga, Claudio N., Fraga, Fernanda R.M., Fraga, Santiago, França, Flávio, França, Juliana R.K.G., Francisco, Jéssica N.C., Freire‐Fierro, Alina, Freitas, Fernanda S., Freitas, Joelcio, Freitas, Maria F., Fritsch, Peter, Funez, Luís A., Furtado, Samyra G., Gaem, Paulo H., Gaglioti, André L., Gagnon, Edeline, Gama, Beatriz R.A., Garcia, Flávia C.P., Gasper, André L., Gerace, Samuele, Giacomin, Leandro L., Giaretta, Augusto, Gil, André S.B., Gissi, Danilo S., Giuffre, Pamela M.W., Giulietti, Ana M., Giussani, Liliana M., Goebel, Gabriela, Goes, Monique B., Góes, Luiz A.A., Goldenberg, Renato, Gomes, Beatriz M., Gomes, Fernanda P., Gomes, Mario, Gomes‐Klein, Vera L., Gonçalez, Victor M., Gonçalves, Ana P.S., Gonçalves, Deise J.P., Gonella, Paulo M., Gonzaga, Augusto F.N., Gonzaga, Diego R., González, Favio, Gonzatti, Felipe, Gouvêa, Yuri F., Graham, Shirley A.T., Gregório, Bernarda S., Grings, Martin, Groppo, Milton, Grossi, Mariana A., Guarçoni, Elidio A.E., Guedes, Felipe M., Guedes, Juliana S., Guerra, Ethiéne, Guimarães, Elsie F., Guimarães, Leonardo R.S., Guimarães, Paulo J.F., Gurgel, Ely S.C., Gutiérrez, Diego G., Hall, Climbiê F., Harley, Raymond M., Hassemer, Gustavo, Hattori, Eric K.O., Hechenleitner, Paulina, Hefler, Sonia M., Heiden, Gustavo, Henning, Tilo, Henriques, Diego K., Hensold, Nancy, Hinoshita, Lucas K.R., Hirai, Regina Y., Hirao, Yasmin V., Hiriart, Florencia D., Hopkins, Michael J.G., Hoyos‐Gómez, Saúl E., Huamantupa, Isau, Hurbath, Fernanda, Iganci, João R.V., Ilkiu‐Borges, Anna L., Imig, Daniela C., Inácio, Camila D., Indriunas, Alexandre, Jacques, Eliane L., Jacques, Suara S.A., Jaimes, Juliana N., Jardim, Jomar G., Jesus, Jôane C., Jesus, Priscila B., Jiménez‐Mejías, Pedro, Johnson, David, Jordão, Lucas S.B., Jordão, Valner M.M., Jorge, Taciane S., Kaehler, Miriam, Kameyama, Cíntia, Kataoka, Eric Y., Kessous, Igor M., Kilipper, Julia T., Kinoshita, Luiza S., Klein, Viviane P., Klitgaard, Bente B., Knapp, Sandra, Koch, Ana K., Koch, Ingrid, Kochanovski, Fábio J., Kominami, Gabriel F.G., Konno, Tatiana U.P., Koschnitzke, Cristiana, Kotovski, Emília R., Kriebel, Ricardo, Külkamp, Josimar, Leal, Brígida A., Leal, Eduardo S., Leite, Áurea C.F., Leite, Wellerson P., Leitman, Paula M., Lewis, Gwilym P., Lima, Adriana Q., Lima, Alexandre G., Lima, Duane F.S., Lima, Eliene, Lima, Jessica S., Lima, Laíce F.G., Lima, Laura C.P., Lima, Letícia R., Lima, Lucas V., Lima, Luis F.P., Lima, Rita B., Lima, Vanessa L., Link‐Perez, Melanie, Lirio, Elton J., Lobão, Adriana Q., Loeuille, Benoit F.P., Loiola, Maria I.B., Lombardi, Julio A., Longhi‐Wagner, Hilda M., Lopes, Gabriel S.R., Lopes, Jenifer C., Lopes, Letícia O., Lopes, Raimundo, Lopes, Rosana C., López, Maria G., Lorencini, Tiago S., Lorenzi, Harri, Lourenço, Ana R.L., Lourenço, Arthur R., Louzada, Rafael B., Lovo, Juliana, Lozano, Eduardo D., Luber, Jaquelini, Lucas, Dióber B., Lucas, Eve J., Lüdtke, Raquel, Luebert, Federico, Luizi‐Ponzo, Andrea P., Luna, Bruna N., Luna, Naédja K.M., Luz, Cíntia L.S., Machado, Anderson F.P., Machado, Evandro P., Machado, Talita M., Maciel, Jefferson R., Maciel, Sebastião, Magalhães, Rodrigo A., Magenta, Mara A.G., Maia, Talita A., Mamede, Maria C.H., Marchioretto, Maria S., Margalho, Luciano F., Marinho, Lucas C., Marques, Danilo, Marquete, Ronaldo, Marra, Raquel C., Martins, Angela B., Martins, Márcio L.L., Martins, Marcos B.S., Martins, Milena V., Martins, Renata C., Martins, Suzana E., Masson, Victória, Matias, Ligia Q., Matos, Agnes M.M.V., Matos, Andreza O., Matos, Fernando B., Matozinhos, Carolina N., Mattos, Cilene M.J., Mattos, Leticia, Matzenauer, William, Mauad, Anna V.S.R., Maya‐Lastra, Carlos A., Mayo, Simon J., Mazine, Fiorella F., Medeiros, Débora, Medeiros, Erika V.S.S., Medeiros, Herison, Medeiros, Maria C.M.P., Meerow, Alan W., Meireles, Jose E., Meireles, Leonardo D., Meirelles, Julia, Melchor‐Castro, Briggitthe, Mello, Zelia R., Mello‐Silva, Renato, Melo, André L., Melo, Caio V.V.D., Melo, Efigenia, Melo, José I.M., Mendes, Jone C.R., Mendes, Maria C.Q., Mendes‐Silva, Ingrid, Meneguzzo, Thiago E.C., Menezes, Cristine G., Menezes, Felipe G.P., Menini Neto, Luiz, Mentz, Lilian A., Mesquita, Antônio L., Messias, Patrícia A., Mezzonato‐Pires, Ana C., Michelangeli, Fabián A., Miguel, João R., Miguel, Laila M., Milward‐de‐Azevedo, Michaele A., Miotto, Silvia T.S., Miranda, Cecília V., Miranda, Vitor F.O., Mitchell, John D., Molina, José M.P., Mondin, Cláudio A., Monge, Marcelo, Monteiro, Daniele, Monteiro, Fernanda K.S., Monteiro, Raquel F., Monteiro, Silvana H.N., Monteiro, Thiago C., Monzoli, João V.L., Moore, Paloma G.P., Mora, Martha M., Moraes, Marta D., Moraes, Mónica R., Morales, Juan F., Morales, Matías, Moran, Robbin C., Moreira, André L.C., Moreira, Andréia D.R., Moreira, Ariane S., Moreira, Bianca A., Moreira, Giselle L., Moreira, Kassio V.C., Moreira, Pablo F.F., Morokawa, Rosemeri, Moroni, Pablo, Mota, Aline C., Mota, Michelle C.A., Mota, Nara F.O., Moura, Beryl E.L., Moura, Ingridy O., Moura, Luíza C., Moura, Ricardo L., Moura, Tania M., Mundim, Júlia V., Muniz, Francisca H., Muniz, Leticia N., Muniz Filho, Eduardo, Mynssen, Claudine M., Nakajima, Jimi N., Nascimento, Janaina G.A., Nascimento, José E., Nascimento, Silvia M., Nepomuceno, Francisco A.A., Nervo, Michelle H., Nery, Eduardo K., Neves, Beatriz, Nóbrega, Giseli A., Nogueira, Matheus G.C., Nunes, Annelise F., Nunes, Clebiana S., Nunes, Teonildes S., 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Abstract

The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.

Published
2022
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