Author: "Carrillo A" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Author: Finneran, Gabriel and Martin-Carrillo, Antonio
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The velocities of Ic-BL supernovae can be determined using two techniques (spline fitting and template fitting), sometimes resulting in different velocities for the same event. This work compares and contrasts both methods, identifying sources of error which are not accounted for by most authors and quantifying their impact on the final velocity measurement. Finally, it identifies the cause of velocity discrepancies for events measured using both methods. We quantified the impact of pre-smoothing the spectra prior to use of both methods using two well-sampled cases. To identify the source of velocity discrepancies, two cases were measured and directly compared. Additional sources of error for template fitting arise due to the choice of phase of the template spectrum ($\sim$1000 km/s) and smoothing of the input spectrum ($\sim$500 km/s). The impact of phase shifts is minimised at peak time. The spline fitting method tends to underestimate uncertainties by around 1000 km/s. This method can also be impacted by fine tuning of the smoothing parameters ($\sim$500-1000 km/s). Optimum smoothing parameters for different cases are presented along with suggestions for best practice. Direct comparison of both methods showed that velocity discrepancies are not always present, debunking the claim that the template fitting method always handles blending better than spline fitting. Spline fitting seems to struggle to handle blending only in cases where the Fe II features are superimposed on a red continuum, which biases the minimum of this feature towards the bluest line of the triplet, creating an artificially higher velocity. This situation may be relatively rare among Ic-BLs, based on typical temperature evolution. Both methods can be applied under certain circumstances with similar results. The morphology of the velocity evolution of an SN appears to be the same regardless of the method used., Comment: Submitted to A&A
Published: 2024

15. Velocity evolution of broad-line Ic supernovae with and without gamma-ray bursts

Author: Finneran, Gabriel, Cotter, Laura, and Martin-Carrillo, Antonio
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: There are more than 60 broad-line Ic (Ic-BL) supernovae (SNe) which are associated with a long Gamma-ray Burst (GRB). A large population of `ordinary' Ic-BLs for which no GRB component is detected also exists. On average, the expansion velocities of GRB-associated Ic-BLs exceed those of ordinary Ic-BLs. This work presents the largest spectroscopic sample of Ic-BL SNe with and without GRBs to date. The goal of this work is to investigate how the expansion velocities evolve in cases where an ultra-relativistic jet has been launched (GRB-SN cases) and compare these to Ic-BL SNe without a GRB detection. We measured the expansion velocities of the Fe II, Si II and Ca II lines observed in the spectra of Ic-BL SNe using a spline fitting method. We fit the expansion velocity evolution with single and broken power-laws. The expansion velocities of the Fe II and Si II features reveal considerable overlap between the two populations. It is not clear that GRB-associated supernovae expand more rapidly. Broken power-law evolution appears to be more common for the Si II feature, which always follows a shallow-steep decay, while the broken power-law Fe II decays are predominantly steep-shallow. The power-law indices for both samples were compared for both Fe II and Si II, and suggest that GRB-SNe decline at a similar rate to non-GRB Ic-BL supernovae. Neither the velocities nor their evolution can be used to distinguish between Ic-BLs with and without GRBs. Expansion velocities consistent with broken power-law evolution may indicate the presence of two velocity components, which may be evidence for a jet in some of these explosions. However, it is not possible to rule in or out the presence of a jet in any Ic-BL supernova purely based on the velocities. These results suggest that GRB-SNe and Ic-BLs are drawn from the same underlying population of events., Comment: 39 pages, 22 figures, 9 tables. Submitted to A&A
Published: 2024

16. The GRBSN webtool: An open-source repository for gamma-ray burst-supernova associations

Author: Finneran, Gabriel, Cotter, Laura, and Martin-Carrillo, Antonio
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: This paper presents the GRBSN webtool, a public facing application which hosts the most complete list of GRB-SN associations to date. In contrast to other repositories of supernova or gamma-ray burst data, this tool brings together all of the information required to study a GRB-SN association. GRBSN allows users to view and interact with plots of the data; search and filter the whole database; and download all multi-wavelength data related to a GRB-SN association, including radio, X-ray, optical/NIR photometric and spectroscopic data. The tool is fully open source and is hosted on a public GitHub repository, meaning users can upload their own data, flag missing data and suggest improvements. As the number of confirmed GRB-SN associations increases, the webtool will provide a robust framework in which to catalogue these associations and their associated data. The web application is freely available and publicly accessible at https://grbsn.watchertelescope.ie., Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2024

17. Fluid relaxation approximation of the Busenberg--Travis cross-diffusion system

Author: Carrillo, J. A., Chen, X., Du, B., and Jüngel, A.
Subjects: Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract: The Busenberg--Travis cross-diffusion system for segregating populations is approximated by the compressible Navier--Stokes--Korteweg equations on the torus, including a density-dependent viscosity and drag forces. The Korteweg term can be associated to the quantum Bohm potential. The singular asymptotic limit is proved rigorously using compactness and relative entropy methods. The novelty is the derivation of energy and entropy inequalities, which reduce in the asymptotic limit to the Boltzmann--Shannon and Rao entropy inequalities, thus revealing the double entropy structure of the limiting Busenberg--Travis system.
Published: 2024

18. Band structure and optical response of Kekul\'e-modulated $\alpha-\mathcal{T}_3$ model

Author: Sánchez-González, Luis E., Mojarro, Miguel A., Maytorena, Jeús A., and Carrillo-Bastos, Ramon
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract: We study the electronic band structure and optical response of a hybrid model, a $\alpha-\mathcal{T}_3$ model featuring a $\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$ Kekul\'e pattern modulation. Such a hybrid system may result from the depositing of adatoms in a hexagonal lattice, where the two sublattices are displaced in the perpendicular direction, like in germanene and silicene. We derive analytical expressions for the energy dispersion and the eigenfunctions using a tight-binding approximation of nearest-neighbor hopping electrons. The energy spectrum consists of a double-cone structure with Dirac points at zero momentum caused by Brillouin zone folding and a doubly degenerate flat band resulting from destructive quantum interference effects. Furthermore, we study the spectrum of intraband and interband transitions through the joint density of states, the optical conductivity, and the Drude spectral weight. We find new conductivity terms resulting from the opening of intervalley channels that are absent in the $\alpha-\mathcal{T}_3$ model and manifest themselves as van Hove singularities in the optical response. In particular, we identify an absorption window related to intervalley transport, which serves as a viable signature for detecting Kekul\'e periodicity in two-dimensional materials., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2024

19. Double Copy in AdS3 from Minitwistor Space

Author: Beetar, Cameron, González, Mariana Carrillo, Jaitly, Sumer, and Keseman, Théo
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: The double copy relates gravitational theories to the square of gauge theories. While it is well understood in flat backgrounds, its precise realisation around curved spacetimes remains an open question. In this paper, we construct a classical double copy for cohomology class representatives in the minitwistor space of hyperbolic spacetimes. We find that the realisation of a physical double copy requires that the masses of the different spinning fields are not equal, contrary to the flat space prescription. This leads to a position-space double copy for bulk-to-boundary propagators. We also show that in coordinate space, this implies the Cotton double copy for waves and warped black holes of Topologically Massive Gravity. We show that these are exact double copy relations by constructing their Kerr-Schild metrics and also analysing the Kerr-Schild double copy. Furthermore, we find that near the boundary the double copy relates the dual CFT currents., Comment: 40 pages + appendices; v2: added references and a small comment on the massless section
Published: 2024

20. The MAGPI Survey: Insights into the Lyman-alpha line widths and the size of ionized bubbles at the edge of cosmic reionization

Author: Mukherjee, T., Zafar, T., Nanayakkara, T., Gupta, A., Gurung-Lopez, S., Battisti, A., Wisnioski, E., Foster, C., Mendel, J. T., Harborne, K. E., Lagos, C. D. P., Kodama, T., Croom, S. M., Thater, S., Webb, J., Barsanti, S., Sweet, S. M., Prathap, J., Valenzuela, L. M., Mailvaganam, A., and Martinez, J. L. Carrillo
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present spectroscopic properties of 22 Lyman-alpha emitters(LAEs) at z=5.5-6.6 with Lyman-alpha(Lya) luminosity log($L_{Lya}$[$ergs^{-1}$])=42.4-43.5, obtained using VLT/MUSE as part of the Middle Ages Galaxy Properties with Integral Field Spectroscopy(MAGPI) survey. Additionally, we incorporate broad-band photometric data from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam(HSC) for 17 LAEs in our sample. The HSC-y band magnitudes show that our LAEs are UV-bright, with rest-frame absolute UV magnitudes -19.7 < $M_{UV}$ < -23.3. We find that the Lya line width increases with luminosity, and this trend becomes more prominent at z > 6 where Lya lines become significantly broadened (> 260 $kms^{-1}$) at luminosities log($L_{Lya}$[$ergs^{-1}$]) > 43. This broadening is consistent with previous studies, suggesting that these sources are located inside larger ionized bubbles. We observe a slightly elevated ionizing photon production efficiency estimated for LAEs at z > 6, indicating that younger galaxies could be producing more ionizing photons per UV luminosity. A tentative anti-correlation between ionizing photon production efficiency and Lya rest-frame equivalent width is noticed, which could indicate a time delay between production and escape of ionizing photon primarily due to supernovae activity. Furthermore, we find a positive correlation between bubble radius and Lya line width, which again suggests that large ionized bubbles are created around these LAEs, allowing them to self-shield from the scattering effects of the intergalactic medium (IGM). We also detect two closely separated LAEs at z=6.046 (projected spatial separation is 15.92 kpc). The size of their respective bubbles suggests that they likely sit inside a common large ionized region. Such a closely-separated LAE pair increases the size of ionized bubble, potentially allowing a boosted transmission of Lya through neutral IGM. (Abridged), Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication in PASA
Published: 2024

21. Search for gravitational waves emitted from SN 2023ixf

Author: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, Abac, A. G., Abbott, R., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Abchouyeh, M. Aghaei, Aguiar, O. D., Aguilar, I., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Al-Jodah, A., Alléné, C., Allocca, A., Al-Shammari, S., Altin, P. A., Alvarez-Lopez, S., Amato, A., Amez-Droz, L., Amorosi, A., Amra, C., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Andia, M., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Anglin, J., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Aoumi, M., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Argianas, L., Aritomi, N., Armato, F., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Attadio, F., Aubin, F., AultONeal, K., Avallone, G., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bagnasco, S., Bagui, E., Baier, J. G., Baiotti, L., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Baral, P., Barayoga, J. C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartoletti, A. M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Basalaev, A., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bates, D. E., Bawaj, M., Baxi, P., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Baynard II, P. A., Bazzan, M., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Belardinelli, D., Bell, A. S., Benedetto, V., Benoit, W., Bentley, J. D., Yaala, M. Ben, Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Beroiz, M., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bevins, N., Bhandare, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bhowmick, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Binetti, A., Bini, S., Birnholtz, O., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blagg, L. A., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boileau, G., Boldrini, M., Bolingbroke, G. N., Bolliand, A., Bonavena, L. D., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonilla, M. S., Bonino, A., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Borchers, A., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Boudon, A., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braglia, M., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brandt, J., Braun, I., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brockmueller, E., Brooks, A. F., Brown, B. C., Brown, D. D., Brozzetti, M. L., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bucci, F., Buchanan, J., Bulashenko, O., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burtnyk, K., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Davies, G. S. Cabourn, Cabras, G., Cabrita, R., Cáceres-Barbosa, V., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Santoro, G. Caneva, Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Capistran, L. A., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlassara, M., Carlin, J. B., Carpinelli, M., Carrillo, G., Carter, J. J., Carullo, G., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castro-Lucas, S. Y., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chakraborty, P., Subrahmanya, S. Chalathadka, Chan, J. C. L., Chan, M., Chandra, K., Chang, R. -J., Chao, S., Charlton, E. L., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chen, A., Chen, A. H. -Y., Chen, D., Chen, H., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K. H., Chen, Y., Chen, Yanbei, Chen, Yitian, Cheng, H. P., Chessa, P., Cheung, H. T., Cheung, S. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiarini, G., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Chou, C., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chugh, P., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Cifaldi, M., Ciolfi, R., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clarke, J., Clarke, T. A., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Coccia, E., Codazzo, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colace, S., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Collins, J., Colloms, S., Colombo, A., Colpi, M., Compton, C. M., Connolly, G., Conti, L., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corezzi, S., Cornish, N. J., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cottingham, R., Coughlin, M. W., Couineaux, A., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Coupechoux, J. -F., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creed, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cremonese, P., Criswell, A. W., Crockett-Gray, J. C. G., Crook, S., Crouch, R., Csizmazia, J., Cudell, J. R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cuoco, E., Cusinato, M., Dabadie, P., Canton, T. Dal, Dall'Osso, S., Pra, S. Dal, Dálya, G., D'Angelo, B., Danilishin, S., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darroch, K. E., Dartez, L. P., Dasgupta, A., Datta, S., Dattilo, V., Daumas, A., Davari, N., Dave, I., Davenport, A., Davier, M., Davies, T. F., Davis, D., Davis, L., Davis, M. C., Davis, P. J., Dax, M., De Bolle, J., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., De Lillo, F., Dell'Aquila, D., Del Pozzo, W., De Marco, F., De Matteis, F., D'Emilio, V., Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., DePergola, N., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., DeSalvo, R., De Simone, R., Dhani, A., Diab, R., Díaz, M. C., Di Cesare, M., Dideron, G., Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Fronzo, C., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Diksha, D., Di Michele, A., Ding, J., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Divyajyoti, Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., Dohmen, E., Doleva, P. P., Dominguez, D., D'Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dooney, T., Doravari, S., Dorosh, O., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Ducoin, J. -G., Dunn, L., Dupletsa, U., D'Urso, D., Duval, H., Duverne, P. -A., Dwyer, S. E., Eassa, C., Ebersold, M., Eckhardt, T., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. B., Edy, O., Effler, A., Eichholz, J., Einsle, H., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Ejlli, A., Eleveld, R. M., Emma, M., Endo, K., Engl, A. J., Enloe, E., Errico, L., Essick, R. C., Estellés, H., Estevez, D., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evstafyeva, T., Ewing, B. E., Ezquiaga, J. M., Fabrizi, F., Faedi, F., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Farah, A. M., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favaro, G., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Felicetti, R., Fenyvesi, E., Ferguson, D. L., Ferraiuolo, S., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, T. A., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, A., Fiori, I., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V., Flaminio, R., Fleischer, S. M., Fleming, L. S., Floden, E., Foley, E. M., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Fornal, B., Forsyth, P. W. F., Franceschetti, K., Franchini, N., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Mascioli, A. Frattale, Frei, Z., Freise, A., Freitas, O., Frey, R., Frischhertz, W., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fronzé, G. G., Fuentes-Garcia, M., Fujii, S., Fujimori, T., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gadre, B., Gair, J. R., Galaudage, S., Galdi, V., Gallagher, H., Gallardo, S., Gallego, B., Gamba, R., Gamboa, A., Ganapathy, D., Ganguly, A., Garaventa, B., García-Bellido, J., Núñez, C. García, García-Quirós, C., Gardner, J. W., Gardner, K. A., Gargiulo, J., Garron, A., Garufi, F., Gasbarra, C., Gateley, B., Gayathri, V., Gemme, G., Gennai, A., Gennari, V., George, J., George, R., Gerberding, O., Gergely, L., Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, Sayantan, Ghosh, Shaon, Ghosh, Shrobana, Ghosh, Suprovo, Ghosh, Tathagata, Giacoppo, L., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gibson, D. R., Gibson, D. T., Gier, C., Giri, P., Gissi, F., Gkaitatzis, S., Glanzer, J., Glotin, F., Godfrey, J., Godwin, P., Goebbels, N. L., Goetz, E., Golomb, J., Lopez, S. Gomez, Goncharov, B., Gong, Y., González, G., Goodarzi, P., Goode, S., Goodwin-Jones, A. W., Gosselin, M., Göttel, A. S., Gouaty, R., Gould, D. W., Govorkova, K., Goyal, S., Grace, B., Grado, A., Graham, V., Granados, A. E., Granata, M., Granata, V., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, A., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, S. M., Green, S. R., Gretarsson, A. M., Gretarsson, E. M., Griffith, D., Griffiths, W. L., Griggs, H. L., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimaud, C., Grote, H., Guerra, D., Guetta, D., Guidi, G. M., Guimaraes, A. R., Gulati, H. K., Gulminelli, F., Gunny, A. M., Guo, H., Guo, W., Guo, Y., Gupta, Anchal, Gupta, Anuradha, Gupta, Ish, Gupta, N. C., Gupta, P., Gupta, S. K., Gupta, T., Gupte, N., Gurs, J., Gutierrez, N., Guzman, F., H, H. -Y., Haba, D., Haberland, M., Haino, S., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Han, W. -B., Haney, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O. A., Hanselman, A. G., Hansen, H., Hanson, J., Harada, R., Hardison, A. R., Haris, K., Harmark, T., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hart, J., Haskell, B., Haster, C. -J., Hathaway, J. S., Haughian, K., Hayakawa, H., Hayama, K., Hayes, R., Heffernan, A., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heinze, J., Heinzel, J., Heitmann, H., Hellman, F., Hello, P., Helmling-Cornell, A. F., Hemming, G., Henderson-Sapir, O., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennes, E., Henshaw, C., Hertog, T., Heurs, M., Hewitt, A. L., Heyns, J., Higginbotham, S., Hild, S., Hill, S., Himemoto, Y., Hirata, N., Hirose, C., Hoang, S., Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Holland, N. A., Holley-Bockelmann, K., Holmes, Z. J., Holz, D. E., Honet, L., Hong, C., Hornung, J., Hoshino, S., Hough, J., Hourihane, S., Howell, E. J., Hoy, C. G., Hrishikesh, C. A., Hsieh, H. -F., Hsiung, C., Hsu, H. C., Hsu, W. -F., Hu, P., Hu, Q., Huang, H. Y., Huang, Y. -J., Huddart, A. D., Hughey, B., Hui, D. C. Y., Hui, V., Husa, S., Huxford, R., Huynh-Dinh, T., Iampieri, L., Iandolo, G. A., Ianni, M., Iess, A., Imafuku, H., Inayoshi, K., Inoue, Y., Iorio, G., Iqbal, M. H., Irwin, J., Ishikawa, R., Isi, M., Ismail, M. A., Itoh, Y., Iwanaga, H., Iwaya, M., Iyer, B. R., JaberianHamedan, V., Jacquet, C., Jacquet, P. -E., Jadhav, S. J., Jadhav, S. P., Jain, T., James, A. L., James, P. A., Jamshidi, R., Janquart, J., Janssens, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaraba, S., Jaranowski, P., Jaume, R., Javed, W., Jennings, A., Jia, W., Jiang, J., Kubisz, J., Johanson, C., Johns, G. R., Johnson, N. A., Johnston, M. C., Johnston, R., Johny, N., Jones, D. H., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jose, S., Joshi, P., Ju, L., Jung, K., Junker, J., Juste, V., Kajita, T., Kaku, I., Kalaghatgi, C., Kalogera, V., Kamiizumi, M., Kanda, N., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kapadia, S. J., Kapasi, D. P., Karat, S., Karathanasis, C., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Kastaun, W., Kato, T., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaushik, R., Kawabe, K., Kawamoto, R., Kazemi, A., Keitel, D., Kelley-Derzon, J., Kennington, J., Kesharwani, R., Key, J. S., Khadela, R., Khadka, S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, F., Khan, I., Khanam, T., Khursheed, M., Khusid, N. M., Kiendrebeogo, W., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, K., Kim, M. H., Kim, S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimball, C., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kinnear, M., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Knee, A. M., Knust, N., Kobayashi, K., Obergaulinger, M., Koch, P., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Koekoek, G., Kohri, K., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kolitsidou, P., Kolstein, M., Komori, K., Kong, A. K. H., Kontos, A., Korobko, M., Kossak, R. V., Kou, X., Koushik, A., Kouvatsos, N., Kovalam, M., Kozak, D. B., Kranzhoff, S. L., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N. V., Królak, A., Kruska, K., Kuehn, G., Kuijer, P., Kulkarni, S., Ramamohan, A. 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Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present the results of a search for gravitational-wave transients associated with core-collapse supernova SN 2023ixf, which was observed in the galaxy Messier 101 via optical emission on 2023 May 19th, during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 15th Engineering Run. We define a five-day on-source window during which an accompanying gravitational-wave signal may have occurred. No gravitational waves have been identified in data when at least two gravitational-wave observatories were operating, which covered $\sim 14\%$ of this five-day window. We report the search detection efficiency for various possible gravitational-wave emission models. Considering the distance to M101 (6.7 Mpc), we derive constraints on the gravitational-wave emission mechanism of core-collapse supernovae across a broad frequency spectrum, ranging from 50 Hz to 2 kHz where we assume the GW emission occurred when coincident data are available in the on-source window. Considering an ellipsoid model for a rotating proto-neutron star, our search is sensitive to gravitational-wave energy $1 \times 10^{-5} M_{\odot} c^2$ and luminosity $4 \times 10^{-5} M_{\odot} c^2/\text{s}$ for a source emitting at 50 Hz. These constraints are around an order of magnitude more stringent than those obtained so far with gravitational-wave data. The constraint on the ellipticity of the proto-neutron star that is formed is as low as $1.04$, at frequencies above $1200$ Hz, surpassing results from SN 2019ejj., Comment: Main paper: 6 pages, 4 figures and 1 table. Total with appendices: 20 pages, 4 figures, and 1 table
Published: 2024

22. Flagellar damage and recovery in soil bacteria exposed to shear in long microchannels

Author: Carrillo-Mora, Juan Pablo, Monteiro, Moniellen Pires, Lodeiro, Aníbal R., Marconi, V. I., and Cordero, María Luisa
Subjects: Physics - Biological Physics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract: The outermost structure of the bacterial flagellar motor is a long helicoidal filament, whose protein building blocks are produced and injected from the base, progressively elongating the filament and regenerating it in case it breaks. Here, we study the evolution of flagellar filaments in the soil bacterium $\textit{Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens}$ after being exposed to shear flows, for shear rates between 1 s$^{-1}$ and $10^5$ s$^{-1}$, and for durations between tens of milliseconds and minutes. We demonstrate that the average swimming speed and fraction of swimming cells decrease after exposition to shear, but both parameters can recover, at least partially, with time. These observations support the hypothesis that flagellar filaments are cut by shear flows, but that reversibly damaged flagellar motors can be restored thanks to filament regeneration. By fitting our observations with phenomenological expressions, we obtain the individual growth rates of the two different flagellar filaments that $\textit{B. diazoefficiens}$ possesses, showing that the lateral filaments have a recovery time of about 40 min while the subpolar one requires more than 4.5 h to regrow. Our work demonstrates that a simple monitoring of bacterial motility after exposition to shear can be used to characterise the process of flagellar filament growth., Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2024

23. Aggregation-diffusion equations with saturation

Author: Carrillo, José Antonio, Fernández-Jiménez, Alejandro, and Gómez-Castro, David
Subjects: Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 35K55, 35K65, 35B40, 65M08, 35Q70, 35Q92, 47H20
Abstract: We focus on a family of nonlinear continuity equations for the evolution of a non-negative density $\rho$ with a continuous and compactly supported nonlinear mobility $\mathrm{m}(\rho)$ not necessarily concave. The velocity field is the negative gradient of the variation of a free energy including internal and confinement energy terms. Problems with compactly supported mobility are often called saturation problems since the values of the density are constrained below a maximal value. Taking advantage of a family of approximating problems, we show the existence of $C_0$-semigroups of $L^1$ contractions. We study the $\omega$-limit of the problem, its most relevant properties, and the appearance of free boundaries in the long-time behaviour. This problem has a formal gradient-flow structure, and we discuss the local/global minimisers of the corresponding free energy in the natural topology related to the set of initial data for the $L^\infty$-constrained gradient flow of probability densities. Furthermore, we analyse a structure preserving implicit finite-volume scheme and discuss its convergence and long-time behaviour., Comment: 51 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2024

24. Boundary spike-layer solutions of the singular Keller-Segel system: existence, profiles and stability

Author: Carrillo, Jose A., Li, Jingyu, Wang, Zhi-An, and Yang, Wen
Subjects: Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35K57, 35Q92, 92D25
Abstract: This paper is concerned with the boundary-layer solutions of the singular Keller-Segel model proposed by Keller-Segel (1971) in a multi-dimensional domain, where the zero-flux boundary condition is imposed to the cell while inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition to the nutrient. The steady-state problem of the Keller-Segel system is reduced to a scalar Dirichlet nonlocal elliptic problem with singularity. Studying this nonlocal problem, we obtain the unique steady-state solution which possesses a boundary spike-layer profile as nutrient diffusion coefficient $\varepsilon>0$ tends to zero. When the domain is radially symmetric, we find the explicit expansion for the slope of boundary-layer profiles at the boundary and boundary-layer thickness in terms of the radius as $\varepsilon>0$ is small, which pinpoints how the boundary curvature affects the boundary-layer profile and thickness. Furthermore, we establish the nonlinear exponential stability of the boundary-layer steady-state solution for the radially symmetric domain. The main challenge encountered in the analysis is that the singularity will arise when the nutrient diffusion coefficient $\varepsilon>0$ is small for both stationary and time-dependent problems. By relegating the nonlocal steady-state problem to local problems and performing a delicate analysis using the barrier method and Fermi coordinates, we can obtain refined estimates for the solution of local steady-state problem near the boundary. This strategy finally helps us to find the asymptotic profile of the solution to the nonlocal problem as $\varepsilon \to 0$ so that the singularity is accurately captured and hence properly handled to achieve our results., Comment: 8 figures
Published: 2024

25. A search using GEO600 for gravitational waves coincident with fast radio bursts from SGR 1935+2154

Author: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, Abac, A. G., Abbott, R., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Abchouyeh, M. Aghaei, Aguiar, O. D., Aguilar, I., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Al-Jodah, A., Alléné, C., Allocca, A., Al-Shammari, S., Altin, P. A., Alvarez-Lopez, S., Amato, A., Amez-Droz, L., Amorosi, A., Amra, C., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Andia, M., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Anglin, J., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Aoumi, M., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Argianas, L., Aritomi, N., Armato, F., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Attadio, F., Aubin, F., AultONeal, K., Avallone, G., Azrad, D., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bagnasco, S., Bagui, E., Baier, J. G., Baiotti, L., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Baral, P., Barayoga, J. C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartoletti, A. M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Basalaev, A., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bates, D. E., Bawaj, M., Baxi, P., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Baynard II, P. A., Bazzan, M., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Belardinelli, D., Bell, A. S., Benedetto, V., Benoit, W., Bentley, J. D., Yaala, M. Ben, Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Beroiz, M., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bevins, N., Bhandare, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bhowmick, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. 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K., Neilson, J., Nelson, A., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Ng, S., Quynh, L. Nguyen, Nichols, S. A., Nielsen, A. B., Nieradka, G., Niko, A., Nishino, Y., Nishizawa, A., Nissanke, S., Nitoglia, E., Niu, W., Nocera, F., Norman, M., North, C., Novak, J., Siles, J. F. Nuño, Nuttall, L. K., Obayashi, K., Oberling, J., O'Dell, J., Oertel, M., Offermans, A., Oganesyan, G., Oh, J. J., Oh, K., O'Hanlon, T., Ohashi, M., Ohkawa, M., Ohme, F., Oliveira, A. S., Oliveri, R., O'Neal, B., Oohara, K., O'Reilly, B., Ormsby, N. D., Orselli, M., O'Shaughnessy, R., O'Shea, S., Oshima, Y., Oshino, S., Ossokine, S., Osthelder, C., Ota, I., Ottaway, D. J., Ouzriat, A., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pace, A. E., Pagano, R., Page, M. A., Pai, A., Pal, A., Pal, S., Palaia, M. A., Pálfi, M., Palma, P. P., Palomba, C., Palud, P., Pan, H., Pan, J., Pan, K. C., Panai, R., Panda, P. K., Pandey, S., Panebianco, L., Pang, P. T. H., Pannarale, F., Pannone, K. A., Pant, B. C., Panther, F. H., Paoletti, F., Paolone, A., Papalexakis, E. E., Papalini, L., Papigkiotis, G., Paquis, A., Parisi, A., Park, B. -J., Park, J., Parker, W., Pascale, G., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passenger, L., Passuello, D., Patane, O., Pathak, D., Pathak, M., Patra, A., Patricelli, B., Patron, A. S., Paul, K., Paul, S., Payne, E., Pearce, T., Pedraza, M., Pegna, R., Pele, A., Arellano, F. E. Peña, Penn, S., Penuliar, M. D., Perego, A., Pereira, Z., Perez, J. J., Périgois, C., Perna, G., Perreca, A., Perret, J., Perriès, S., Perry, J. W., Pesios, D., Petracca, S., Petrillo, C., Pfeiffer, H. P., Pham, H., Pham, K. A., Phukon, K. S., Phurailatpam, H., Piarulli, M., Piccari, L., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piendibene, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierini, L., Pierra, G., Pierro, V., Pietrzak, M., Pillas, M., Pilo, F., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pinto, M., Piotrzkowski, B. J., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M. D., Placidi, A., Placidi, E., Planas, M. L., Plastino, W., Poggiani, R., Polini, E., Pompili, L., Poon, J., Porcelli, E., Porter, E. K., Posnansky, C., Poulton, R., Powell, J., Pracchia, M., Pradhan, B. K., Pradier, T., Prajapati, A. K., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Prasia, P., Pratten, G., Principe, G., Principe, M., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Prosposito, P., Puecher, A., Pullin, J., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qi, H., Qin, J., Quéméner, G., Quetschke, V., Quigley, C., Quinonez, P. J., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Raabith, S. S., Raaijmakers, G., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rajbhandari, B., Ramirez, K. E., Vidal, F. A. Ramis, Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, D., Ranjan, S., Ransom, K., Rapagnani, P., Ratto, B., Rawat, S., Ray, A., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Read, J., Payo, M. Recaman, Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Relton, P., Renzini, A. I., Rettegno, P., Revenu, B., Reyes, R., Rezaei, A. S., Ricci, F., Ricci, M., Ricciardone, A., Richardson, J. W., Richardson, M., Rijal, A., Riles, K., Riley, H. K., Rinaldi, S., Rittmeyer, J., Robertson, C., Robinet, F., Robinson, M., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Romano, A. E., Romano, R., Romero, A., Romero-Shaw, I. M., Romie, J. H., Ronchini, S., Roocke, T. J., Rosa, L., Rosauer, T. J., Rose, C. A., Rosińska, D., Ross, M. P., Rossello, M., Rowan, S., Roy, S. K., Roy, S., Rozza, D., Ruggi, P., Ruhama, N., Morales, E. Ruiz, Ruiz-Rocha, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadiq, J., Saffarieh, P., Sah, M. R., Saha, S. S., Saha, S., Sainrat, T., Menon, S. Sajith, Sakai, K., Sakellariadou, M., Sakon, S., Salafia, O. S., Salces-Carcoba, F., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Sallé, M., Salvador, S., Sanchez, A., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, J. H., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sanders, J. R., Sänger, E. M., Santoliquido, F., Saravanan, T. R., Sarin, N., Sasaoka, S., Sasli, A., Sassi, P., Sassolas, B., Satari, H., Sato, R., Sato, Y., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Sawada, T., Sawant, H. L., Sayah, S., Scacco, V., Schaetzl, D., Scheel, M., Schiebelbein, A., Schiworski, M. G., Schmidt, P., Schmidt, S., Schnabel, R., Schneewind, M., Schofield, R. M. S., Schouteden, K., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwartz, E., Scialpi, M., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seetharamu, T. C., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sekiguchi, Y., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Seo, E. G., Seo, J. W., Sequino, V., Serra, M., Servignat, G., Sevrin, A., Shaffer, T., Shah, U. S., Shaikh, M. A., Shao, L., Sharma, A. K., Sharma, P., Sharma-Chaudhary, S., Shaw, M. R., Shawhan, P., Shcheblanov, N. S., Sheridan, E., Shikano, Y., Shikauchi, M., Shimode, K., Shinkai, H., Shiota, J., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Short, R. W., ShyamSundar, S., Sider, A., Siegel, H., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silenzi, L., Simmonds, M., Singer, L. P., Singh, A., Singh, D., Singh, M. K., Singh, S., Singha, A., Sintes, A. M., Sipala, V., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smetana, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, L., Smith, R. J. E., Smith, W. J., Soldateschi, J., Somiya, K., Song, I., Soni, K., Soni, S., Sordini, V., Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Sotani, H., Soulard, R., Southgate, A., Spagnuolo, V., Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Spinicelli, P., Spoon, J. B., Sprague, C. A., Srivastava, A. K., Stachurski, F., Steer, D. A., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stergioulas, N., Stevens, P., StPierre, M., Stratta, G., Strong, M. D., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Suchenek, M., Sudhagar, S., Sueltmann, N., Suleiman, L., Sullivan, K. D., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Suzuki, T., Suzuki, Y., Swinkels, B. L., Syx, A., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Szewczyk, P., Tacca, M., Tagoshi, H., Tait, S. C., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takamori, A., Takase, T., Takatani, K., Takeda, H., Takeshita, K., Talbot, C., Tamaki, M., Tamanini, N., Tanabe, D., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, S. J., Tanaka, T., Tang, D., Tanioka, S., Tanner, D. B., Tao, L., Tapia, R. D., Martín, E. N. Tapia San, Tarafder, R., Taranto, C., Taruya, A., Tasson, J. D., Teloi, M., Tenorio, R., Themann, H., Theodoropoulos, A., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, L. M., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tissino, J., Tiwari, A., Tiwari, P., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Todd, M. R., Toivonen, A. M., Toland, K., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomita, K., Tomura, T., Tong-Yu, C., Toriyama, A., Toropov, N., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Toscani, M., Melo, I. Tosta e, Tournefier, E., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troian, G., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsang, T. T. L., Tso, R., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsutsui, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Turski, C., Ubach, H., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Uehara, T., Uematsu, M., Ueno, K., Ueno, S., Undheim, V., Ushiba, T., Vacatello, M., Vahlbruch, H., Vaidya, N., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valencia, J., Valentini, M., Vallejo-Peña, S. A., Vallero, S., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van Dael, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Sluys, M., Van de Walle, A., van Dongen, J., Vandra, K., van Haevermaet, H., van Heijningen, J. V., Van Hove, P., VanKeuren, M., Vanosky, J., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Ranst, Z., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varghese, J. J., Varma, V., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venikoudis, S., Venneberg, J., Verdier, P., Verkindt, D., Verma, B., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Vermeulen, S. M., Vetrano, F., Veutro, A., Vibhute, A. M., Viceré, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Vilkha, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vincent, E. T., Vinet, J. -Y., Viret, S., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vives, A., Vocca, H., Voigt, D., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Wajid, A., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Z., Waratkar, G., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watarai, D., Wayt, K. E., Weaver, B. R., Weaver, B., Weaving, C. R., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wildberger, J. B., Wilk, O. S., Wilken, D., Wilkin, A. T., Willadsen, D. J., Willetts, K., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williams, N. S., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wils, M., Winterflood, J., Wipf, C. C., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wolfe, N. E., Wong, H. T., Wong, H. W. Y., Wong, I. C. F., Wright, J. L., Wright, M., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wuchner, E., Wysocki, D. M., Xu, V. A., Xu, Y., Yadav, N., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T. S., Yamamoto, T., Yamamura, S., Yamazaki, R., Yan, S., Yan, T., Yang, F. W., Yang, F., Yang, K. Z., Yang, Y., Yarbrough, Z., Yasui, H., Yeh, S. -W., Yelikar, A. B., Yin, X., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yu, H., Yuan, S., Yuzurihara, H., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zeeshan, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zeoli, M., Zerrad, M., Zevin, M., Zhang, A. C., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Yuhang, Zheng, Y., Zhong, H., Zhou, R., Zhu, X. -J., Zhu, Z. -H., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The magnetar SGR 1935+2154 is the only known Galactic source of fast radio bursts (FRBs). FRBs from SGR 1935+2154 were first detected by CHIME/FRB and STARE2 in 2020 April, after the conclusion of the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA Collaborations' O3 observing run. Here we analyze four periods of gravitational wave (GW) data from the GEO600 detector coincident with four periods of FRB activity detected by CHIME/FRB, as well as X-ray glitches and X-ray bursts detected by NICER and NuSTAR close to the time of one of the FRBs. We do not detect any significant GW emission from any of the events. Instead, using a short-duration GW search (for bursts $\leq$ 1 s) we derive 50\% (90\%) upper limits of $10^{48}$ ($10^{49}$) erg for GWs at 300 Hz and $10^{49}$ ($10^{50}$) erg at 2 kHz, and constrain the GW-to-radio energy ratio to $\leq 10^{14} - 10^{16}$. We also derive upper limits from a long-duration search for bursts with durations between 1 and 10 s. These represent the strictest upper limits on concurrent GW emission from FRBs., Comment: 15 pages of text including references, 4 figures, 5 tables
Published: 2024

26. Exploring the interaction between the MW and LMC with a large sample of blue horizontal branch stars from the DESI survey

Author: Byström, Amanda, Koposov, Sergey E., Lilleengen, Sophia, Li, Ting S., Bell, Eric, Silva, Leandro Beraldo e, Carrillo, Andreia, Chandra, Vedant, Gnedin, Oleg Y., Han, Jiwon Jesse, Medina, Gustavo E., Najita, Joan, Riley, Alexander H., Thomas, Guillaume, Valluri, Monica, Aguilar, Jessica N., Ahlen, Steven, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Brooks, David, Claybaugh, Todd, Cole, Shaun, Dawson, Kyle, de la Macorra, Axel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Gaztañaga, Enrique, Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A, Kremin, Anthony, Lambert, Andrew, Landriau, Martin, Guillou, Laurent Le, Levi, Michael E., Meisner, Aaron, Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Prada, Francisco, Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi, Rossi, Graziano, Sanchez, Eusebio, Schlegel, David, Schubnell, Michael, Sprayberry, David, Tarlé, Gregory, Weaver, Benjamin A., and Zou, Hu
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is a Milky Way (MW) satellite that is massive enough to gravitationally attract the MW disc and inner halo, causing significant motion of the inner MW with respect to the outer halo. In this work, we probe this interaction by constructing a sample of 9,866 blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars with radial velocities from the DESI spectroscopic survey out to 120 kpc from the Galactic centre. This is the largest spectroscopic set of BHB stars in the literature to date, and it contains four times more stars with Galactocentric distances beyond 50 kpc than previous BHB catalogues. Using the DESI BHB sample combined with SDSS BHBs, we measure the bulk radial velocity of stars in the outer halo and observe that the velocity in the Southern Galactic hemisphere is different by 3.7$\sigma$ from the North. Modelling the projected velocity field shows that its dipole component is directed at a point 22 degrees away from the LMC along its orbit, which we interpret as the travel direction of the inner MW. The velocity field includes a monopole term that is -24 km/s, which we refer to as compression velocity. This velocity is significantly larger than predicted by the current models of the MW and LMC interaction. This work uses DESI data from its first two years of observations, but we expect that with upcoming DESI data releases, the sample of BHB stars will increase and our ability to measure the MW-LMC interaction will improve significantly., Comment: 22 pages, 19 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Published: 2024

27. Real-time Ship Recognition and Georeferencing for the Improvement of Maritime Situational Awareness

Author: Perez, Borja Carrillo
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: In an era where maritime infrastructures are crucial, advanced situational awareness solutions are increasingly important. The use of optical camera systems can allow real-time usage of maritime footage. This thesis presents an investigation into leveraging deep learning and computer vision to advance real-time ship recognition and georeferencing for the improvement of maritime situational awareness. A novel dataset, ShipSG, is introduced, containing 3,505 images and 11,625 ship masks with corresponding class and geographic position. After an exploration of state-of-the-art, a custom real-time segmentation architecture, ScatYOLOv8+CBAM, is designed for the NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier embedded system. This architecture adds the 2D scattering transform and attention mechanisms to YOLOv8, achieving an mAP of 75.46% and an 25.3 ms per frame, outperforming state-of-the-art methods by over 5%. To improve small and distant ship recognition in high-resolution images on embedded systems, an enhanced slicing mechanism is introduced, improving mAP by 8% to 11%. Additionally, a georeferencing method is proposed, achieving positioning errors of 18 m for ships up to 400 m away and 44 m for ships between 400 m and 1200 m. The findings are also applied in real-world scenarios, such as the detection of abnormal ship behaviour, camera integrity assessment and 3D reconstruction. The approach of this thesis outperforms existing methods and provides a framework for integrating recognized and georeferenced ships into real-time systems, enhancing operational effectiveness and decision-making for maritime stakeholders. This thesis contributes to the maritime computer vision field by establishing a benchmark for ship segmentation and georeferencing research, demonstrating the viability of deep-learning-based recognition and georeferencing methods for real-time maritime monitoring.
Published: 2024
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28. SurgPointTransformer: Vertebrae Shape Completion with RGB-D Data

Author: Massalimova, Aidana, Liebmann, Florentin, Jecklin, Sascha, Carrillo, Fabio, Mazda, Farshad, and Fürnstahl, Philipp
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: State-of-the-art computer- and robot-assisted surgery systems heavily depend on intraoperative imaging technologies such as CT and fluoroscopy to generate detailed 3D visualization of the patient's anatomy. While imaging techniques are highly accurate, they are based on ionizing radiation and expose patients and clinicians. This study introduces an alternative, radiation-free approach for reconstructing the 3D spine anatomy using RGB-D data. Drawing inspiration from the 3D "mental map" that surgeons form during surgeries, we introduce SurgPointTransformer, a shape completion approach for surgical applications that can accurately reconstruct the unexposed spine regions from sparse observations of the exposed surface. Our method involves two main steps: segmentation and shape completion. The segmentation step includes spinal column localization and segmentation, followed by vertebra-wise segmentation. The segmented vertebra point clouds are then subjected to SurgPointTransformer, which leverages an attention mechanism to learn patterns between visible surface features and the underlying anatomy. For evaluation, we utilize an ex-vivo dataset of nine specimens. Their CT data is used to establish ground truth data that were used to compare to the outputs of our methods. Our method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines, achieving an average Chamfer Distance of 5.39, an F-Score of 0.85, an Earth Mover's Distance of 0.011, and a Signal-to-Noise Ratio of 22.90 dB. This study demonstrates the potential of our reconstruction method for 3D vertebral shape completion. It enables 3D reconstruction of the entire lumbar spine and surgical guidance without ionizing radiation or invasive imaging. Our work contributes to computer-aided and robot-assisted surgery, advancing the perception and intelligence of these systems.
Published: 2024

29. The Einstein Probe transient EP240414a: Linking Fast X-ray Transients, Gamma-ray Bursts and Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transients

Author: van Dalen, Joyce N. D., Levan, Andrew J., Jonker, Peter G., Malesani, Daniele B., Izzo, Luca, Sarin, Nikhil, Quirola-Vásquez, Jonathan, Sánchez, Daniel Mata, Postigo, Antonio de Ugarte, van Hoof, Agnes P. C., Torres, Manuel A. P., Schulze, Steve, Littlefair, Stuart P., Chrimes, Ashley, Ravasio, Maria E., Bauer, Franz E., Martin-Carrillo, Antonio, Fraser, Morgan, van der Horst, Alexander J., Jakobsson, Pall, O'Brien, Paul, De Pasquale, Massimiliano, Pugliese, Giovanna, Sollerman, Jesper, Tanvir, Nial R., Zafar, Tayyaba, Anderson, Joseph P., Galbany, Lluís, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Ragosta, Fabio, and Terwel, Jacco H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Detections of fast X-ray transients (FXTs) have been accrued over the last few decades. However, their origin has remained mysterious. There is now rapid progress thanks to timely discoveries and localisations with the Einstein Probe mission. Early results indicate that FXTs may frequently, but not always, be associated with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Here, we report on the multi-wavelength counterpart of FXT EP240414a, which has no reported gamma-ray counterpart. The transient is located 25.7~kpc in projection from a massive galaxy at $z=0.40$. We perform comprehensive photometric and spectroscopic follow-up. The optical light curve shows at least three distinct emission episodes with timescales of $\sim 1, 4$ and 15 days and peak absolute magnitudes of $M_R \sim -20$, $-21$, and $-19.5$, respectively. The optical spectrum at early times is extremely blue, inconsistent with afterglow emission. It may arise from the interaction of both jet and supernova shock waves with the stellar envelope and a dense circumstellar medium, as has been suggested for some Fast Blue Optical Transients (LFBOTs). At late times, the spectrum evolves to a broad-lined~Type~Ic supernova, similar to those seen in collapsar long-GRBs. This implies that the progenitor of EP240414a is a massive star creating a jet-forming supernova inside a dense envelope, resulting in an X-ray outburst with a luminosity of $\sim 10^{48}$ erg s$^{-1}$, and the complex observed optical/IR light curves. If correct, this argues for a causal link between the progenitors of long-GRBs, FXTs and LFBOTs., Comment: 36 pages, 13 figures, submitted to ApJ
Published: 2024

30. GRB 240529A: A Tale of Two Shocks

Author: Sun, Tian-Rui, Geng, Jin-Jun, Yan, Jing-Zhi, Hu, You-Dong, Wu, Xue-Feng, Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Yang, Chao, Ping, Yi-Ding, Hu, Chen-Ran, Xu, Fan, Gao, Hao-Xuan, Jiang, Ji-An, Zhu, Yan-Tian, Xue, Yongquan, Pérez-García, Ignacio, Wu, Si-Yu, Fernández-García, Emilio, Caballero-García, María D., Sánchez-Ramírez, Rubén, Guziy, Sergiy, Olivares, Ignacio, del Pulgar, Carlos Jesus Pérez, Castellón, A., Castillo, Sebastián, Xiong, Ding-Rong, Pandey, Shashi B., Hiriart, David, García-Segura, Guillermo, Lee, William H., Carrasco-García, I. M., Park, Il H., Meintjes, Petrus J., van Heerden, Hendrik J., Martín-Carrillo, Antonio, Hanlon, Lorraine, Zhang, Bin-Bin, Maury, Alain, Hernández-García, L., Gritsevich, Maria, Rossi, Andrea, Maiorano, Elisabetta, Cusano, Felice, D'Avanzo, Paolo, Ferro, Matteo, Melandri, Andrea, De Pasquale, Massimiliano, Brivio, Riccardo, Fang, Min, Fan, Lu-Lu, Hu, Wei-Da, Wan, Zhen, Hu, Lei, Zuo, Ying-Xi, Tang, Jin-Long, Zhang, Xiao-Ling, Zheng, Xian-Zhong, Li, Bin, Luo, Wen-Tao, Liu, Wei, Wang, Jian, Zhang, Hong-Fei, Liu, Hao, Gao, Jie, Liang, Ming, Wang, Hai-Ren, Yao, Da-Zhi, Cheng, Jing-Quan, Zhao, Wen, and Dai, Zi-Gao
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Thanks to the rapidly increasing time-domain facilities, we are entering a golden era of research on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this Letter, we report our observations of GRB 240529A with the Burst Optical Observer and Transient Exploring System, the 1.5-meter telescope at Observatorio Sierra Nevada, the 2.5-meter Wide Field Survey Telescope of China, the Large Binocular Telescope, and the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. The prompt emission of GRB 240529A shows two comparable energetic episodes separated by a quiescence time of roughly 400 s. Combining all available data on the GRB Coordinates Network, we reveal the simultaneous apparent X-ray plateau and optical re-brightening around $10^3-10^4$ s after the burst. Rather than the energy injection from the magnetar as widely invoked for similar GRBs, the multi-wavelength emissions could be better explained as two shocks launched from the central engine separately. The optical peak time and our numerical modeling suggest that the initial bulk Lorentz factor of the later shock is roughly 50, which indicates that the later jet should be accretion-driven and have a higher mass loading than a typical one. The quiescence time between the two prompt emission episodes may be caused by the transition between different accretion states of a central magnetar or black hole, or the fall-back accretion process. A sample of similar bursts with multiple emission episodes in the prompt phase and sufficient follow-up could help to probe the underlying physics of GRB central engines., Comment: Resubmitted to ApJL after addressing the referee's comments; comments are welcome
Published: 2024

31. Omnibenchmark (alpha) for continuous and open benchmarking in bioinformatics

Author: Mallona, Izaskun, Luetge, Almut, Carrillo, Ben, Incicau, Daniel, Gerber, Reto, Sonrel, Anthony, Soneson, Charlotte, and Robinson, Mark D.
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Other Quantitative Biology
Abstract: Benchmarking in bioinformatics is a process of designing, running and disseminating rigorous performance evaluations of methods (software). Benchmarking systems facilitate the benchmarking process by providing an entrypoint to store, coordinate and execute concrete benchmarks. We describe an alpha version of a new benchmarking system, Omnibenchmark, to facilitate benchmark formalization and execution in solo and community efforts. Omnibenchmark provides a benchmark definition syntax (in a configuration YAML file), a dynamic workflow generation based on Snakemake, S3-compatible storage handling, and reproducible software environments using EasyBuild, lmod, Apptainer or conda. Tutorials and installation instructions are available from https://omnibenchmark.org., Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
Published: 2024

32. Building a continuous benchmarking ecosystem in bioinformatics

Author: Mallona, Izaskun, Soneson, Charlotte, Carrillo, Ben, Luetge, Almut, Incicau, Daniel, Gerber, Reto, Sonrel, Anthony, and Robinson, Mark D.
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Other Quantitative Biology
Abstract: Benchmarking, which involves collecting reference datasets and demonstrating method performances, is a requirement for the development of new computational tools, but also becomes a domain of its own to achieve neutral comparisons of methods. Although a lot has been written about how to design and conduct benchmark studies, this Perspective sheds light on a wish list for a computational platform to orchestrate benchmark studies. We discuss various ideas for organizing reproducible software environments, formally defining benchmarks, orchestrating standardized workflows, and how they interface with computing infrastructure., Comment: 19 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Published: 2024

33. Oscillatory dissipative tunneling in an asymmetric double-well potential

Author: de Albornoz, Alejandro Cros Carrillo, Cortiñas, Rodrigo G., Schäfer, Max, Frattini, Nicholas E., Allen, Brandon, Cabral, Delmar G. A., Videla, Pablo E., Khazaei, Pouya, Geva, Eitan, Batista, Victor S., and Devoret, Michel H.
Subjects: Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract: Dissipative tunneling remains a cornerstone effect in quantum mechanics. In chemistry, it plays a crucial role in governing the rates of chemical reactions, often modeled as the motion along the reaction coordinate from one potential well to another. The relative positions of energy levels in these wells strongly influences the reaction dynamics. Chemical research will benefit from a fully controllable, asymmetric double-well equipped with precise measurement capabilities of the tunneling rates. In this paper, we show that a continuously driven Kerr parametric oscillator with a third order non-linearity can be operated in the quantum regime to create a fully tunable asymmetric double-well. Our experiment leverages a low-noise, all-microwave control system with a high-efficiency readout of the which-well information. We explore the reaction rates across the landscape of tunneling resonances in parameter space. We uncover two new and counter-intuitive effects: (i) a weak asymmetry can significantly decrease the activation rates, even though the well in which the system is initialized is made shallower, and (ii) the width of the tunneling resonances alternates between narrow and broad lines as a function of the well depth and asymmetry. We predict by numerical simulations that both effects will also manifest themselves in ordinary chemical double-well systems in the quantum regime. Our work paves the way for analog molecule simulators based on quantum superconducting circuits.
Published: 2024

34. A Roadmap for Simulating Chemical Dynamics on a Parametrically Driven Bosonic Quantum Device

Author: Cabral, Delmar G. A., Khazaei, Pouya, Allen, Brandon C., Videla, Pablo E., Schäfer, Max, Cortiñas, Rodrigo G., de Albornoz, Alejandro Cros Carrillo, Chávez-Carlos, Jorge, Santos, Lea F., Geva, Eitan, and Batista, Victor S.
Subjects: Quantum Physics, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract: Chemical reactions are commonly described by the reactive flux transferring population from reactants to products across a double-well free energy barrier. Dynamics often involves barrier recrossing and quantum effects like tunneling, zero-point energy motion and interference, which traditional rate theories, such as transition-state theory, do not consider. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of simulating reaction dynamics using a parametrically driven bosonic superconducting Kerr-cat device. This approach provides control over parameters defining the double-well free energy profile, as well as external factors like temperature and the coupling strength between the reaction coordinate and the thermal bath of non-reactive degrees of freedom. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this protocol by showing that the dynamics of proton transfer reactions in prototypical benchmark model systems, such as hydrogen bonded dimers of malonaldehyde and DNA base pairs, could be accurately simulated on currently accessible Kerr-cat devices.
Published: 2024

35. Symplectic fermions in general domains

Author: Adame-Carrillo, David
Subjects: Mathematical Physics
Abstract: In this note, we construct a logarithmic conformal field theory in general domains of the complex plane. The theory of interest is the symplectic fermions because of its links to models of statistical mechanics. We provide an explicit construction of its space of fields as a logarithmic Fock space, and discuss its logarithmic structure as a representation of the Virasoro algebra at $c=-2$. The correlation functions of the theory are explicitly constructed following the ideas of the conformal bootstrap., Comment: 34 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2024

36. Bilingual Evaluation of Language Models on General Knowledge in University Entrance Exams with Minimal Contamination

Author: Salido, Eva Sánchez, Morante, Roser, Gonzalo, Julio, Marco, Guillermo, Carrillo-de-Albornoz, Jorge, Plaza, Laura, Amigó, Enrique, Fernández, Andrés, Benito-Santos, Alejandro, Espinosa, Adrián Ghajari, and Fresno, Victor
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract: In this article we present UNED-ACCESS 2024, a bilingual dataset that consists of 1003 multiple-choice questions of university entrance level exams in Spanish and English. Questions are originally formulated in Spanish and translated manually into English, and have not ever been publicly released. A selection of current open-source and proprietary models are evaluated in a uniform zero-shot experimental setting both on the UNED-ACCESS 2024 dataset and on an equivalent subset of MMLU questions. Results show that (i) reasoning questions are challenging for models, (ii) smaller models perform worse than larger models and degrade faster in Spanish than in English and (iii) the performance gap between languages is negligible for the best models and grows up to 37% for smaller models. Model ranking on UNED-ACCESS 2024 is almost identical in English and Spanish, and has also a high correlation (0.98 Pearson) with ranking on MMLU, suggesting that a small dataset is sufficiently diverse and representative to measure performance by discipline.
Published: 2024

37. Virtual Reality for Immersive Education in Orthopedic Surgery Digital Twins

Author: Hein, Jonas, Grunder, Jan, Calvet, Lilian, Giraud, Frédéric, Cavalcanti, Nicola Alessandro, Carrillo, Fabio, and Fürnstahl, Philipp
Subjects: Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract: Virtual Reality technology, when integrated with Surgical Digital Twins (SDTs), offers significant potential in medical training and surgical planning. We present SurgTwinVR, a VR application that immerses users within an SDT and enables them to navigate a high-fidelity virtual replica of the surgical environment. SurgTwinVR is the first VR application to utilize a dynamic 3D environment that is a clone of a real surgery, encompassing the entire surgical scene, including the surgeon, anatomy, and instruments. Our system utilizes a SDT with important improvements for real-time rendering and features to showcase the potential benefits of such an application in surgical education., Comment: Accepted demo at ISMAR 2024. Project page: https://jonashein.github.io/surgerydigitization/
Published: 2024

38. Personalized Weight Loss Management through Wearable Devices and Artificial Intelligence

Author: Romero-Tapiador, Sergio, Tolosana, Ruben, Morales, Aythami, Lacruz-Pleguezuelos, Blanca, Pastor, Sofia Bosch, Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith, Bazán, Guadalupe X., Freixer, Gala, Vera-Rodriguez, Ruben, Fierrez, Julian, Ortega-Garcia, Javier, Espinosa-Salinas, Isabel, and Pau, Enrique Carrillo de Santa
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Early detection of chronic and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is crucial for effective treatment during the initial stages. This study explores the application of wearable devices and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in order to predict weight loss changes in overweight and obese individuals. Using wearable data from a 1-month trial involving around 100 subjects from the AI4FoodDB database, including biomarkers, vital signs, and behavioral data, we identify key differences between those achieving weight loss (>= 2% of their initial weight) and those who do not. Feature selection techniques and classification algorithms reveal promising results, with the Gradient Boosting classifier achieving 84.44% Area Under the Curve (AUC). The integration of multiple data sources (e.g., vital signs, physical and sleep activity, etc.) enhances performance, suggesting the potential of wearable devices and AI in personalized healthcare., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables, 1 appendix
Published: 2024

39. On differential Hopf algebras and $B_\infty$ algebras

Author: Gálvez-Carrillo, Imma, Ronco, María, and Tonks, Andy
Subjects: Mathematics - Quantum Algebra, 16T05, 18M70 (Primary) 17A30, 55S20, 81R60 (Secondary)
Abstract: We establish a structure theorem, analogous to the classical result of Milnor and Moore, for differential graded Hopf algebras: any differential Hopf algebra $H$ that is free as a coalgebra carries an underlying $B_\infty$ algebra structure that restricts to the subspace of primitives, and conversely $H$ may be recovered via a universal enveloping differential-2-associative algebra. This extends the work of Loday and Ronco [12] where the ungraded non-differential case was treated, and only the multibrace part of the $B_\infty$ structure was found. We show that the multibrace structure of [12] originates from a twisting of a quasi-trivial structure, extending the work of Markl [14] on the $A_\infty$ structure underlying any algebra with a square-zero endomorphism. In this framework it is also clear that the multibrace and $A_\infty$ structures are compatible, and provide an appropriate $B_\infty$ structure for the structure theorem., Comment: 18pp
Published: 2024

40. Existence of ground states for free energies on the hyperbolic space

Author: Carrillo, José A., Fetecau, Razvan C., and Park, Hansol
Subjects: Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Mathematics - Differential Geometry, 35A15, 35B38, 39B62, 58J90
Abstract: We investigate a free energy functional that arises in aggregation-diffusion phenomena modelled by nonlocal interactions and local repulsion on the hyperbolic space $\bbh^\dm$. The free energy consists of two competing terms: an entropy, corresponding to slow nonlinear diffusion, that favours spreading, and an attractive interaction potential energy that favours aggregation. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions on the interaction potential for ground states to exist on the hyperbolic space $\bbh^\dm$. To prove our results we derived several Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev (HLS)-type inequalities on general Cartan-Hadamard manifolds of bounded curvature, which have an interest in their own.
Published: 2024

41. Convex decomposition spaces and Crapo complementation formula

Author: Gálvez-Carrillo, Imma, Kock, Joachim, and Tonks, Andrew
Subjects: Mathematics - Category Theory, Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05A19, 18N50
Abstract: We establish a Crapo complementation formula for the M\"obius function $\mu^X$ in a general decomposition space $X$ in terms of a convex subspace $K$ and its complement: $\mu^X \simeq \mu^{X\setminus K} + \mu^X*\zeta^K*\mu^X$. We work at the objective level, meaning that the formula is an explicit homotopy equivalence of $\infty$-groupoids. Almost all arguments are formulated in terms of (homotopy) pullbacks. Under suitable finiteness conditions on $X$, one can take homotopy cardinality to obtain a formula in the incidence algebra at the level of $\mathbb{Q}$-algebras. When $X$ is the nerve of a locally finite poset, this recovers the Bj\"orner--Walker formula, which in turn specialises to the original Crapo complementation formula when the poset is a finite lattice. A substantial part of the work is to introduce and develop the notion of convexity for decomposition spaces, which in turn requires some general preparation in decomposition-space theory, notably some results on reduced covers and ikeo and semi-ikeo maps. These results may be of wider interest. Once this is set up, the objective proof of the Crapo formula is quite similar to that of Bj\"orner--Walker., Comment: 24pp
Published: 2024

42. Automatic occlusion removal from 3D maps for maritime situational awareness

Author: Sattler, Felix, Perez, Borja Carrillo, Stephan, Maurice, and Barnes, Sarah
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: We introduce a novel method for updating 3D geospatial models, specifically targeting occlusion removal in large-scale maritime environments. Traditional 3D reconstruction techniques often face problems with dynamic objects, like cars or vessels, that obscure the true environment, leading to inaccurate models or requiring extensive manual editing. Our approach leverages deep learning techniques, including instance segmentation and generative inpainting, to directly modify both the texture and geometry of 3D meshes without the need for costly reprocessing. By selectively targeting occluding objects and preserving static elements, the method enhances both geometric and visual accuracy. This approach not only preserves structural and textural details of map data but also maintains compatibility with current geospatial standards, ensuring robust performance across diverse datasets. The results demonstrate significant improvements in 3D model fidelity, making this method highly applicable for maritime situational awareness and the dynamic display of auxiliary information., Comment: Preprint of SPIE Sensor + Imaging 2024 conference paper
Published: 2024

43. Sharp conditions on global existence and blow-up in a degenerate two-species and cross-attraction system

Author: Carrillo Antonio José and Lin Ke
Subjects: degenerate parabolic system, chemotaxis, variational methods, global existence, blow up, 35k65, 92c17, 35j20, 35a01, 35b44, Analysis, QA299.6-433
Abstract: We consider a degenerate chemotaxis model with two-species and two-stimuli in dimension d ≥ 3 and find two critical curves intersecting at one point which separate the global existence and blow up of weak solutions to the problem. More precisely, above these curves (i.e. subcritical case), the problem admits a global weak solution obtained by the limits of strong solutions to an approximated system. Based on the second moment of solutions, initial data are constructed to make sure blow up occurs in finite time on and below these curves (i.e. critical and supercritical cases). In addition, the existence or non-existence of minimizers of free energy functional is discussed on the critical curves and the solutions exist globally in time if the size of initial data is small. We also investigate the crossing point between the critical lines in which a refined criteria in terms of the masses is given again to distinguish the dichotomy between global existence and blow up. We also show that the blow ups is simultaneous for both species.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Design and Evaluation of an Innovative Pedagogical Strategy for Undergraduate Medical Students Learning Chemistry

Author: Soraya Elena Layton Jaramillo, William Ani´bal Villamil Villar, Eva Aguaded Rami´rez, and Javier Carrillo Rosu´a
Abstract: Training in chemistry is essential for undergraduate medical students; however, at the National University of Colombia, basic chemistry courses are associated with high fail rates and low academic performance with regard to first semester students, especially in vulnerable special admission populations. A longitudinal study was carried out via program evaluation methodology using quantitative and qualitative techniques to assess an innovative pedagogical strategy founded on context-based learning and different didactic and evaluative strategies employing information and communication technologies (ICT), which was tested on students of medicine by an interdisciplinary team of teachers in a new course. With the pedagogical strategy, a statistically significant improvement was observed in the academic performance of the students, with an increase in the mean grades that went from 3.61/5.00 to 3.95/5.00, a decrease of the fail rate from 15.50% to 3.48%, and the development of useful chemistry knowledge for the students during their training and for their professional lives. Furthermore, the study became an opportunity for collaborative learning among colleagues, favoring ongoing training of teaching staff and pedagogical innovation in professional learning communities.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Recent Interventions for Acute Suicidality Delivered in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review

Author: Hood, Alexander P., Tibbits, Lauren M., Laporta, Juan I., Carrillo, Jennifer, Adams, Lacee R., Young-McCaughan, Stacey, Peterson, Alan L., and De Lorenzo, Robert A.
Subjects: Suicide, emergency department, scoping review, behavioral health, Suicide Prevention
Abstract: Introduction: Suicidality is a growing problem in the US, and the emergency department (ED) is often the front line for the management and effective treatment of acutely suicidal patients. There is a dearth of interventions that emergency physicians may use to manage and effectively treat acutely suicidal patients. To the extent that recently described interventions are available for ED personnel, no review has been conducted to identify them. This scoping review is intended to ﬁll this gap by systematically reviewing the literature to identify recently described interventions that can be administered in the ED to reduce symptoms and stabilize patients.Methods: We conducted a search of PubMed, SCOPUS, and CINAHL in January 2024 to identify papers published between 2013–2023 for original research trialing recent interventions for the effective treatment of suicidality in the ED. We assessed 16 full-text articles for eligibility, and nine met inclusion criteria. Included studies were evaluated for features and characteristics, the ﬁt of the intervention to the ED environment, and interventional efﬁcacy.Results: Four studies assessed the efﬁcacy of a single dose of the anesthetic/analgesic agent ketamine. Three studies assessed the efﬁcacy of a brief psychosocial intervention delivered in the ED, two of which paired this intervention with the provision of follow-up care (postcard contact and referral assistance/case management, respectively). The remaining two studies trialed a brief, motivational interviewing-based intervention. Included studies had strong experimental designs (randomized controlled trials) but small sample sizes (average 57). Among the interventions represented across these nine studies, a single dose of ketamine and the brief psychosocial intervention Crisis Response Planning (CRP) show promise as ED-appropriate interventions for suicidality. Ketamine and CRP demonstrated the strongest ﬁt to the ED environment and most robust efﬁcacy ﬁndings.Conclusion: This review identiﬁed one drug (ketamine) and four unique psychological/behavioral interventions that have been used to treat acute suicidality in the ED. There is currently insufﬁcient evidence to suggest that these interventions will prove efﬁcacious and well-suited to be delivered in the ED environment. Future studies should continue to test these interventions in the ED setting to determine their feasibility and efﬁcacy.
Published: 2024

46. An Abscopal Effect on Lung Metastases in Canine Mammary Cancer Patients Induced by Neoadjuvant Intratumoral Immunotherapy with Cowpea Mosaic Virus Nanoparticles and Anti-Canine PD-1.

Author: Sergent, Petra, Pinto-Cárdenas, Juan, Carrillo, Adhara, Dávalos, Daniel, Pérez, Marisa, Lechuga, Dora, Alonso-Miguel, Daniel, Schaafsma, Evelien, Cuarenta, Abigail, Muñoz, Diana, Zarabanda, Yuliana, Palisoul, Scott, Lewis, Petra, Kolling, Fred, Affonso de Oliveira, Jessica, Steinmetz, Nicole, Rothstein, Jay, Lines, Louise, Noelle, Randolph, Fiering, Steven, and Arias-Pulido, Hugo
Subjects: abscopal effect, anti-canine PD-1, canine NanoString array, canine mammary carcinomas, cowpea mosaic virus, immune cells, intratumoral injections, lung metastasis, plant virus, tumor microenvironment, Animals, Dogs, Female, Immunotherapy, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Lung Neoplasms, Nanoparticles, Mammary Neoplasms, Animal, Comovirus, Humans
Abstract: Neoadjuvant intratumoral (IT) therapy could amplify the weak responses to checkpoint blockade therapy observed in breast cancer (BC). In this study, we administered neoadjuvant IT anti-canine PD-1 therapy (IT acPD-1) alone or combined with IT cowpea mosaic virus therapy (IT CPMV/acPD-1) to companion dogs diagnosed with canine mammary cancer (CMC), a spontaneous tumor resembling human BC. CMC patients treated weekly with acPD-1 (n = 3) or CPMV/acPD-1 (n = 3) for four weeks or with CPMV/acPD-1 (n = 3 patients not candidates for surgery) for up to 11 weeks did not experience immune-related adverse events. We found that acPD-1 and CPMV/acPD-1 injections resulted in tumor control and a reduction in injected tumors in all patients and in noninjected tumors located in the ipsilateral and contralateral mammary chains of treated dogs. In two metastatic CMC patients, CPMV/acPD-1 treatments resulted in the control and reduction of established lung metastases. CPMV/acPD-1 treatments were associated with altered gene expression related to TLR1-4 signaling and complement pathways. These novel therapies could be effective for CMC patients. Owing to the extensive similarities between CMC and human BC, IT CPMV combined with approved anti-PD-1 therapies could be a novel and effective immunotherapy to treat local BC and suppress metastatic BC.
Published: 2024

47. Harmonizing tau positron emission tomography in Alzheimer's disease: The CenTauR scale and the joint propagation model

Author: Leuzy, Antoine, Raket, Lars Lau, Villemagne, Victor L, Klein, Gregory, Tonietto, Matteo, Olafson, Emily, Baker, Suzanne, Saad, Ziad S, Bullich, Santiago, Lopresti, Brian, Bohorquez, Sandra Sanabria, Boada, Mercè, Betthauser, Tobey J, Charil, Arnaud, Collins, Emily C, Collins, Jessica A, Cullen, Nicholas, Gunn, Roger N, Higuchi, Makoto, Hostetler, Eric, Hutchison, R Matthew, Iaccarino, Leonardo, Insel, Philip S, Irizarry, Michael C, Jack, Clifford R, Jagust, William J, Johnson, Keith A, Johnson, Sterling C, Karten, Yashmin, Marquié, Marta, Mathotaarachchi, Sulantha, Mintun, Mark A, Ossenkoppele, Rik, Pappas, Ioannis, Petersen, Ronald C, Rabinovici, Gil D, Rosa‐Neto, Pedro, Schwarz, Christopher G, Smith, Ruben, Stephens, Andrew W, Whittington, Alex, Carrillo, Maria C, Pontecorvo, Michael J, Haeberlein, Samantha Budd, Dunn, Billy, Kolb, Hartmuth C, Sivakumaran, Sudhir, Rowe, Christopher C, Hansson, Oskar, and Doré, Vincent
Subjects: Biological Psychology, Psychology, Brain Disorders, Aging, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Neurosciences, Dementia, Bioengineering, Biomedical Imaging, Alzheimer's Disease, Neurodegenerative, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Neurological, Alzheimer Disease, Humans, Positron-Emission Tomography, tau Proteins, Brain, Male, Female, Aged, Cohort Studies, Radiopharmaceuticals, Models, Statistical, [F-18]Flortaucipir, [F-18]RO948, [F-18]MK-6240, [F-18]GTP1, [F-18]PI-2620, Alzheimer's disease, C-Path, CenTauR, Centiloid, CPAD, head-to-head, Imaging, PET, standardization, tau, C‐Path, [18F]Flortaucipir, [18F]GTP1, [18F]MK‐6240, [18F]PI‐2620, [18F]RO948, head‐to‐head, Clinical Sciences, Geriatrics, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract: IntroductionTau-positron emission tomography (PET) outcome data of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) cannot currently be meaningfully compared or combined when different tracers are used due to differences in tracer properties, instrumentation, and methods of analysis.MethodsUsing head-to-head data from five cohorts with tau PET radiotracers designed to target tau deposition in AD, we tested a joint propagation model (JPM) to harmonize quantification (units termed "CenTauR" [CTR]). JPM is a statistical model that simultaneously models the relationships between head-to-head and anchor point data. JPM was compared to a linear regression approach analogous to the one used in the amyloid PET Centiloid scale.ResultsA strong linear relationship was observed between CTR values across brain regions. Using the JPM approach, CTR estimates were similar to, but more accurate than, those derived using the linear regression approach.DiscussionPreliminary findings using the JPM support the development and adoption of a universal scale for tau-PET quantification.HighlightsTested a novel joint propagation model (JPM) to harmonize quantification of tau PET. Units of common scale are termed "CenTauRs". Tested a Centiloid-like linear regression approach. Using five cohorts with head-to-head tau PET, JPM outperformed linearregressionbased approach. Strong linear relationship was observed between CenTauRs values across brain regions.
Published: 2024

48. Advancements in APOE and dementia research: Highlights from the 2023 AAIC Advancements: APOE conference.

Author: Kloske, Courtney, Belloy, Michael, Blue, Elizabeth, Bowman, Gregory, Carrillo, Maria, Chen, Xiaoying, Chiba-Falek, Ornit, Davis, Albert, Paolo, Gilbert, Garretti, Francesca, Gate, David, Golden, Lesley, Heinecke, Jay, Herz, Joachim, Huang, Yadong, Iadecola, Costantino, Johnson, Lance, Kanekiyo, Takahisa, Karch, Celeste, Khvorova, Anastasia, Koppes-den Hertog, Sascha, Lamb, Bruce, Lawler, Paige, Guen, Yann, Litvinchuk, Alexandra, Liu, Chia-Chen, Mahinrad, Simin, Marcora, Edoardo, Marino, Claudia, Michaelson, Danny, Miller, Justin, Morganti, Josh, Narayan, Priyanka, Naslavsky, Michel, Oosthoek, Marlies, Ramachandran, Kapil, Ramakrishnan, Abhirami, Raulin, Ana-Caroline, Robert, Aiko, Saleh, Rasha, Sexton, Claire, Shah, Nilomi, Shue, Francis, Sible, Isabel, Soranno, Andrea, Strickland, Michael, Tcw, Julia, Thierry, Manon, Tsai, Li-Huei, Tuckey, Ryan, Ulrich, Jason, van der Kant, Rik, Wang, Na, Wellington, Cheryl, Weninger, Stacie, Yassine, Hussein, Zhao, Na, Bu, Guojun, Goate, Alison, and Holtzman, David
Subjects: APOE, Alzheimers disease, apolipoprotein E, conference proceedings, dementia, lipids, microglia, neuroinflammation, risk factor, therapeutics, vasculature, Humans, Apolipoproteins E, Alzheimer Disease, Congresses as Topic, Animals, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Dementia, Biomedical Research
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is an established central player in the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease (AD), with distinct apoE isoforms exerting diverse effects. apoE influences not only amyloid-beta and tau pathologies but also lipid and energy metabolism, neuroinflammation, cerebral vascular health, and sex-dependent disease manifestations. Furthermore, ancestral background may significantly impact the link between APOE and AD, underscoring the need for more inclusive research. METHODS: In 2023, the Alzheimers Association convened multidisciplinary researchers at the AAIC Advancements: APOE conference to discuss various topics, including apoE isoforms and their roles in AD pathogenesis, progress in apoE-targeted therapeutic strategies, updates on disease models and interventions that modulate apoE expression and function. RESULTS: This manuscript presents highlights from the conference and provides an overview of opportunities for further research in the field. DISCUSSION: Understanding apoEs multifaceted roles in AD pathogenesis will help develop targeted interventions for AD and advance the field of AD precision medicine. HIGHLIGHTS: APOE is a central player in the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease. APOE exerts a numerous effects throughout the brain on amyloid-beta, tau, and other pathways. The AAIC Advancements: APOE conference encouraged discussions and collaborations on understanding the role of APOE.
Published: 2024

49. UTrack: Multi-Object Tracking with Uncertain Detections

Author: Solano-Carrillo, Edgardo, Sattler, Felix, Alex, Antje, Klein, Alexander, Costa, Bruno Pereira, Rodriguez, Angel Bueno, and Stoppe, Jannis
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: The tracking-by-detection paradigm is the mainstream in multi-object tracking, associating tracks to the predictions of an object detector. Although exhibiting uncertainty through a confidence score, these predictions do not capture the entire variability of the inference process. For safety and security critical applications like autonomous driving, surveillance, etc., knowing this predictive uncertainty is essential though. Therefore, we introduce, for the first time, a fast way to obtain the empirical predictive distribution during object detection and incorporate that knowledge in multi-object tracking. Our mechanism can easily be integrated into state-of-the-art trackers, enabling them to fully exploit the uncertainty in the detections. Additionally, novel association methods are introduced that leverage the proposed mechanism. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our contribution on a variety of benchmarks, such as MOT17, MOT20, DanceTrack, and KITTI., Comment: Accepted for the ECCV 2024 Workshop on Uncertainty Quantification for Computer Vision
Published: 2024

50. Relative Entropy Method for Particle Approximation of the Landau Equation for Maxwellian Molecules

Author: Carrillo, José Antonio, Feng, Xuanrui, Guo, Shuchen, Jabin, Pierre-Emmanuel, and Wang, Zhenfu
Subjects: Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract: We derive the spatially homogeneous Landau equation for Maxwellian molecules from a natural stochastic interacting particle system. More precisely, we control the relative entropy between the joint law of the particle system and the tensorized law of the Landau equation. To obtain this, we establish as key tools the pointwise logarithmic gradient and Hessian estimates of the density function and also a new Law of Large Numbers result for the particle system. The logarithmic estimates are derived via the Bernstein method and the parabolic maximum principle, while the Law of Large Numbers result comes from crucial observations on the control of moments at the particle level., Comment: 43 pages
Published: 2024

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