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1. Performance assessment of two plotless sampling methods for density estimation applied to some Alpine forests of northeastern Italy

Author

Notarangelo M, Carrer M, Lingua E, Puletti N, and Torresan C

Subjects
Distance-based Density Estimator, Ordered Distance Method, Point-centred Quarter Method, Accuracy, Precision, Conditional Inference Trees, Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

In this study, we tested two plotless sampling methods, the ordered distance method and point-centred quarter method, to estimate the tree density and basal area in some managed Alpine forests in northeastern Italy. We selected nine independent forest stands, classified according to the spatial distribution patterns of trees (cluster, random, regular). A plotless sampling survey was simulated within the selected stands and the tree density and basal area were estimated by applying both the ordered distance method and point-centred quarter method. We compared the estimates, in terms of accuracy and precision, between the two methods and against estimates obtained from a simulated survey based on a plot-based sampling method. The point-centred quarter method outperformed the ordered distance method in terms of both accuracy and precision, showing higher robustness towards the bias related to non-random spatial patterns. However, both the plotless methods we tested can provide unbiased accuracy of estimates which, in addition, do not differ from estimates of plot-based sampling. The satisfactory results are encouraging for further tests over other Italian Alpine as well as Apennine forests. If confirmed, the plotless sampling method, especially the point-centred quarter method, could represent an effective alternative whenever plot-based sampling is deemed redundant, or expensive.

Published
2023
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2. Implementation and spatialisation of the Canadian Fire Weather Index in the Veneto Region

Author

Monai M, Lemessi A, Carrer M, Deslauriers A, Carraro V, Rossi S, Anfodillo T, Valese E, and Ramon E

Subjects
Fire, Index, Principal Component Analysis, Climate, Italy, Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

Fire danger rating systems are essential tools for fire management activities, allowing optimal allocation of resources both before and during the fire danger periods. Veneto Region's Forest Service is testing the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index (FWI) System to assess fire intensity, accounting for the effect of wind and the moisture content of inflammable material. The following steps were taken to apply the FWI system: (a) selection of the smallest number (ideally 10 - 15) of weather stations to obtain input data. Principal Components Analysis was carried out on 62 time-series of 30 years (1960-1990), including mean monthly temperature (minimum and maximum) and rainfall. The results highlighted two principal directions of climatic variability that were interpolated by the co-kriging method, allowing to delineate 11 relatively homogeneous areas in the Veneto Region. One station representative of each area was chosen to provide daily data for computing the daily fire danger index by the Regional Rating Service; (b) automation of the FWI system. A SAS v.9.1® application runs the calculations and generates a regional map of daily fire danger for the Forest Service personnel. Graphics and tabular data are also available via intranet.

Published
2008

3. Dynamics and structure of natural regeneration in three high elevation LTER area in the Dolomites (North-Eastern Alps, Italy)

Author

Soraruf L and Carrer M

Subjects
Timberline, Regeneration, Spatial distribution, Autocorrelation, LTER, Larix decidua, Pinus cembra., Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

Regeneration structures and spatial patterns of European larch (Larix decidua Miller), Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), were analyzed in three high elevation LTER area in the Dolomites (North-Eastern Alps). Larch and spruce regeneration is mainly affected by dense forest cover and grasses competition whereas stone pine is mostly sensitive to late snow melting, fungal diseases and wild ungulate damages. The current stand and regeneration structure suggests that larch has been highly fostered in the past due to silvo-pastoral management practices. All species show a clear tendency to spatial intraspecific aggregation especially at short-distances. The spatial patterns of larch regeneration are more complex than the other two species, more heavily affected by a main factor such as the nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes L.) seed dispersal for stone pine or presence of canopy gaps for spruce. However, spatial patterns of all species depend on the number of the available microsites, that often match at small distance driving the formation of small mixed and unevenaged patches. Combining the age structure and spatial pattern information we were able to better understand the small-scale patterns and processes and the role of the past disturbances on the regeneration dynamics in space and time.

Published
2007

4. Can Polarity-Inverted Surfactants Self-Assemble in Nonpolar Solvents

Author

Carrer, M., Skrbic, T., Bore, S. L., Milano, G., Cascella, M., and Giacometti, A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

We investigate the self-assembly process of a surfactant with inverted polarity in water and cyclohexane using both all-atom and coarse grained hybrid particle-field molecular dynamics simulations. Unlike conventional surfactants, the molecule under study, proposed in a recent experiment, is formed by a rigid and compact hydrophobic adamantane moiety, and a long and floppy triethylene glycol tail. In water, we report the formation of stable inverted micelles with the adamantane heads grouping together into a hydrophobic core, and the tails forming hydrogen bonds with water. By contrast, microsecond simulations do not provide evidence of stable micelle formation in cyclohexane. Validating the computational results by comparison with experimental diffusion constant and small-angle X-ray scattering intensity, we show that at laboratory thermodynamic conditions the mixture resides in the supercritical region of the phase diagram, where aggregated and free surfactant states co-exist in solution. Our simulations also provide indications about how to escape this region, to produce thermodynamically stable micellar aggregates., Comment: 14 pages, 10 Figures, accepted for publication (2020)

Published
2020

10. Perfil dos adotantes de sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta do centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo

Author

VINHOLIS, M. de M. B., SOUZA FILHO, H. M. de, CARRER, M. J., BARIONI JUNIOR, W., BERNARDO, R., MARCELA DE MELLO BRANDAO VINHOLIS, CPPSE, HILDO MEIRELLES DE SOUZA FILHO, UFSCAR, MARCELO JOSÉ CARRER, UFSCAR, WALDOMIRO BARIONI JUNIOR, CPPSE, and ROBERTO BERNARDO, UFSCAR.

Subjects
Análise de correspondência múltipla, Sustentabilidade, Adoção de tecnologia, Sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta
Abstract

Este estudo analisa o perfil dos produtores rurais adotantes de sistemas de integração no Estado de São Paulo. A amostra compreende 175 produtores, sendo 66 adotantes do sistema lavoura-pecuária (ILP), 24 adotantes do sistema pecuária-floresta (IPF) e 85 não adotantes. A análise de correspondência múltipla identificou que os adotantes de ILP estão associados à maior experiência com agricultura, áreas maiores, estrutura de máquinas mais robusta, maior contratação de mão de obra, acesso ao crédito, e maior acesso à informação por meio de eventos agropecuários e serviços de extensão rural. Dentre os adotantes de IPF, destaca-se o predomínio de propriedades menores. Made available in DSpace on 2021-08-23T13:01:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PERFIL-ADOTANTES-SISTEMAS.pdf: 690869 bytes, checksum: a336de6a8e58766912acbb1a10d75c13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

Published
2021

12. First report on qualitative detection of anti-COVID-19 antibody IgM and IgG in a short series of 98 subjects, healthcare workers and patients, by use an ELISA assay

Author

Roveta, A., primary, Cassinari, M., additional, Guaschino, R., additional, Callegari, T., additional, Mazzucco, L., additional, Balbo, V., additional, Rocchetti, A., additional, Frino, C., additional, Carrer, M., additional, Bertolotti, M., additional, Betti, M., additional, Bolgeo, T., additional, and Maconi, A., additional

Published
2020
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16. Erratum to: Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE (Nature Communications, (2018), 9, 1, (3605), 10.1038/s41467-018-06036-0)

Author

Büntgen, U, Wacker, L, Galván, JD, Arnold, S, Arseneault, D, Baillie, M, Beer, J, Bernabei, M, Bleicher, N, Boswijk, G, Bräuning, A, Carrer, M, Ljungqvist, FC, Cherubini, P, Christl, M, Christie, DA, Clark, PW, Cook, ER, D’Arrigo, R, Davi, N, Eggertsson, Ó, Esper, J, Fowler, AM, Gedalof, Z, Gennaretti, F, Grießinger, J, Grissino-Mayer, H, Grudd, H, Gunnarson, BE, Hantemirov, R, Herzig, F, Hessl, A, Heussner, KU, Jull, AJT, Kukarskih, V, Kirdyanov, A, Kolář, T, Krusic, PJ, Kyncl, T, Lara, A, LeQuesne, C, Linderholm, HW, Loader, NJ, Luckman, B, Miyake, F, Myglan, VS, Nicolussi, K, Oppenheimer, C, Palmer, J, Panyushkina, I, Pederson, N, Rybníček, M, Schweingruber, FH, Seim, A, Sigl, M, Churakova (Sidorova), O, Speer, JH, Synal, HA, Tegel, W, Treydte, K, Villalba, R, Wiles, G, Wilson, R, Winship, LJ, Wunder, J, Yang, B, Young, GHF, Büntgen, U, Wacker, L, Galván, JD, Arnold, S, Arseneault, D, Baillie, M, Beer, J, Bernabei, M, Bleicher, N, Boswijk, G, Bräuning, A, Carrer, M, Ljungqvist, FC, Cherubini, P, Christl, M, Christie, DA, Clark, PW, Cook, ER, D’Arrigo, R, Davi, N, Eggertsson, Ó, Esper, J, Fowler, AM, Gedalof, Z, Gennaretti, F, Grießinger, J, Grissino-Mayer, H, Grudd, H, Gunnarson, BE, Hantemirov, R, Herzig, F, Hessl, A, Heussner, KU, Jull, AJT, Kukarskih, V, Kirdyanov, A, Kolář, T, Krusic, PJ, Kyncl, T, Lara, A, LeQuesne, C, Linderholm, HW, Loader, NJ, Luckman, B, Miyake, F, Myglan, VS, Nicolussi, K, Oppenheimer, C, Palmer, J, Panyushkina, I, Pederson, N, Rybníček, M, Schweingruber, FH, Seim, A, Sigl, M, Churakova (Sidorova), O, Speer, JH, Synal, HA, Tegel, W, Treydte, K, Villalba, R, Wiles, G, Wilson, R, Winship, LJ, Wunder, J, Yang, B, and Young, GHF

Abstract

The original version of this Article contained an error in the Data Availability section, which incorrectly read ‘All data will be freely available via https://www.ams.ethz.ch/research.html.’ The correct version states ‘http://www.ams.ethz.ch/research/published-data.html’ in place of ‘https://www.ams.ethz.ch/research.html’. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Published
2018

17. Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE

Author

Büntgen, U, Wacker, L, Galván, JD, Arnold, S, Arseneault, D, Baillie, M, Beer, J, Bernabei, M, Bleicher, N, Boswijk, G, Bräuning, A, Carrer, M, Ljungqvist, FC, Cherubini, P, Christl, M, Christie, DA, Clark, PW, Cook, ER, D’arrigo, R, Davi, N, Eggertsson, Ó, Esper, J, Fowler, AM, Gedalof, Z, Gennaretti, F, Grießinger, J, Grissino-Mayer, H, Grudd, H, Gunnarson, BE, Hantemirov, R, Herzig, F, Hessl, A, Heussner, K-U, Jull, AJT, Kukarskih, V, Kirdyanov, A, KoláŖ, TVS, Krusic, PJ, Kyncl, TVS, Lara, A, LeQuesne, C, Linderholm, HW, Loader, NJ, Luckman, B, Miyake, F, Myglan, VS, Nicolussi, K, Oppenheimer, C, Palmer, J, Panyushkina, I, PEDERSON, N, Rybníček, M, Schweingruber, FH, Seim, A, Sigl, M, Sidorova, OC, Speer, JH, Synal, H-A, Tegel, W, Treydte, K, Villalba, R, Wiles, G, Wilson, R, Winship, LJ, Wunder, J, Yang, B, Young, GHF, Büntgen, U, Wacker, L, Galván, JD, Arnold, S, Arseneault, D, Baillie, M, Beer, J, Bernabei, M, Bleicher, N, Boswijk, G, Bräuning, A, Carrer, M, Ljungqvist, FC, Cherubini, P, Christl, M, Christie, DA, Clark, PW, Cook, ER, D’arrigo, R, Davi, N, Eggertsson, Ó, Esper, J, Fowler, AM, Gedalof, Z, Gennaretti, F, Grießinger, J, Grissino-Mayer, H, Grudd, H, Gunnarson, BE, Hantemirov, R, Herzig, F, Hessl, A, Heussner, K-U, Jull, AJT, Kukarskih, V, Kirdyanov, A, KoláŖ, TVS, Krusic, PJ, Kyncl, TVS, Lara, A, LeQuesne, C, Linderholm, HW, Loader, NJ, Luckman, B, Miyake, F, Myglan, VS, Nicolussi, K, Oppenheimer, C, Palmer, J, Panyushkina, I, PEDERSON, N, Rybníček, M, Schweingruber, FH, Seim, A, Sigl, M, Sidorova, OC, Speer, JH, Synal, H-A, Tegel, W, Treydte, K, Villalba, R, Wiles, G, Wilson, R, Winship, LJ, Wunder, J, Yang, B, and Young, GHF

Abstract

Nature Communications, doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06036-0

Published
2018

20. Determinants of recognition of TRACES certification as valuable opportunity at the farm level in São Paulo, Brazil

Author

VINHOLIS, M. de M. B., SOUZA FILHO, H. M. de, CARRER, M. J., CHADDAD, F. R., MARCELA DE MELLO BRANDAO VINHOLIS, CPPSE, Hildo Meirelles de Souza Filho, UFSCar, Marcelo José Carrer, UFSCar, and Fabio Ribas Chaddad, University of Missouri.

Subjects
traceability, Technology innovation, entrepreneurship
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-06T00:29:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 01036513prod01036513146513.pdf: 1119638 bytes, checksum: ba89f743a08c0947acde85e7cff2cae5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016

Published
2016

35. Energy, Forest, and Indoor Air Pollution Models for Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone, Nepal

Author

Salerno, F., Viviano, G., Thakuri, S., Flury, B., Maskey, R. K., Khanal, S. N., Bhuju, D., Carrer, M., Bhochhibhoya, S., Melis, M. T., Giannino, F., Staiano, A., Carteni, F., Mazzoleni, S., Cogo, Annaluisa, Sapkota, A., Shrestha, S., Pandey, R. K., and Manfredi, E. C.

Subjects
indoor air pollution, Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone, energy management, Nepal, forest management, system dynamics, Participatory modeling
Published
2010

37. La determinazione dei livelli essenziali delle prestazioni concernenti l’assistenza sociale

Author

Agosta, S, Milazzo, P, De Angelis, S, Morvillo, M, Giusti, A, Morelli, A, Difrancesco, A, Guazzarotti, A, Di Cosimo, G, Lorenzetti, A, Penasa, S, Lastrico, V, Gasparini, M.F., Negrelli, A, Buffoni, L, Cassatella, A, Delsignore, M, Valaguzza, S, Marzuoli, C, Bonetti, P, Busatta, L, Di Costanzo, C, Longo, E, Rossi, S, Tubertini, C, di Carpegna Brivio, E, Marchetti, G, D’Amico, G, Carrer, M, Parmigiani, F, Guella, F, Rodriquez, S, Mirate, S, Macchia, M, Coinu, G, Brancasi, A, Bartolomei, M, Calvano, R, Conti, G.L., Deffenu, A., Manfrellotti, R, Puddu, S, Ruggiu, I, Tomasi, M, Bilancia, F, Cardone, A., Cortese, F, Deffenu, A, BONETTI, PAOLO, Agosta, S, Milazzo, P, De Angelis, S, Morvillo, M, Giusti, A, Morelli, A, Difrancesco, A, Guazzarotti, A, Di Cosimo, G, Lorenzetti, A, Penasa, S, Lastrico, V, Gasparini, M.F., Negrelli, A, Buffoni, L, Cassatella, A, Delsignore, M, Valaguzza, S, Marzuoli, C, Bonetti, P, Busatta, L, Di Costanzo, C, Longo, E, Rossi, S, Tubertini, C, di Carpegna Brivio, E, Marchetti, G, D’Amico, G, Carrer, M, Parmigiani, F, Guella, F, Rodriquez, S, Mirate, S, Macchia, M, Coinu, G, Brancasi, A, Bartolomei, M, Calvano, R, Conti, G.L., Deffenu, A., Manfrellotti, R, Puddu, S, Ruggiu, I, Tomasi, M, Bilancia, F, Cardone, A., Cortese, F, Deffenu, A, and BONETTI, PAOLO

Abstract

Si ricorda anzitutto che il diritto all’esistenza libera e dignitosa previsto dalla Costituzione italiana, dalla Carta sociale europea e dalla Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’UE comporta il diritto all’assistenza nelle situazioni di bisogno che ognuno può vivere durante la propria esperienza di vita. Si approfondisce anche la distinzione tra i contenuti minimi del diritto all’assistenza sociale ricavabili da tali norme e i livelli essenziali delle prestazioni dell’assistenza sociale che devono essere assicurati su tutto il territorio nazionale, anche con finanziamenti statali. Nella situazione italiana in cui i bisogni cre- scono e i fondi scarseggiano tale diritto non è assicurato a tutti, né dallo Stato, né dalle Regioni e dai Comuni, né da enti del privato sociale agevolati dai pubblici poteri, sia perché le agevolazioni fiscali e i trasferimenti monetari sono insufficienti a garantire livelli minimi di sussistenza, tali da far uscire dalle situazioni di povertà e di indigenza cronica, sia perché i livelli essenziali delle prestazioni concernenti l’assistenza sociale non sono stati ancora determinati per tutti i settori, sia per la loro complessa o scarsa prevedibilità (in cui però scelte tecniche e scelte politiche sono strettamente collegate), sia per la loro indubbia ricaduta finanziaria ritenuta incompatibile con le necessità finanziarie statali collegate alla crisi economica, o sono stabiliti da leggi statali troppo vaghe o poco attuate. A tale mancata determinazione generale tentano di sopperire misure legislative assistenziali disposte con leggi statali di dubbia legittimità costituzionale, sia altri strumenti politico-tecnici, tra cui il nuovo ISEE, il nomenclatore nazionale dei servizi, la determinazione dei fabbisogni standard delle funzioni fondamentali dei Comuni in materia di gestione dei servizi sociali a livello locale, che potrebbe finalmente costituire il presupposto per un sistema nazionale omogeneo dell’assistenza sociale

Published
2014

38. Diritti sociali e discrezionalità tecnica: un binomio imperfetto?

Author

Agosta, S, Bartolomei, M, Bilancia, F, Brancasi, A, Buffoni, L, Busatta, L, Calvano, R, Carrer, M, Coinu, G, Conti, GL, De Angelis, S, Deffenu, A, Delsignore, M, Di Carpegna Brivio, E, Di Cosimo, G, Difrancesco, A, D’Amico, G, Gasparini, MF, Giusti, A, Guella, F, Lastrico, V, Longo, E, Lorenzetti, A, Macchia, M, Manfrellotti, R, Marchetti, G, Marzuoli, C, Milazzo, P, Mirate, S, Morelli, A, Morvillo, M, Negrelli, A, Parmigiani, F, Penasa, S, Puddu, S, Rodriquez, S, Rossi, S, Ruggiu, I, Tomasi, M, Tubertini, C, Valaguzza, S, Bonetti, P, Cardone, A, Cassatella, A, Cortese, F, Guazzarotti, A, DELSIGNORE, MONICA, Agosta, S, Bartolomei, M, Bilancia, F, Brancasi, A, Buffoni, L, Busatta, L, Calvano, R, Carrer, M, Coinu, G, Conti, GL, De Angelis, S, Deffenu, A, Delsignore, M, Di Carpegna Brivio, E, Di Cosimo, G, Difrancesco, A, D’Amico, G, Gasparini, MF, Giusti, A, Guella, F, Lastrico, V, Longo, E, Lorenzetti, A, Macchia, M, Manfrellotti, R, Marchetti, G, Marzuoli, C, Milazzo, P, Mirate, S, Morelli, A, Morvillo, M, Negrelli, A, Parmigiani, F, Penasa, S, Puddu, S, Rodriquez, S, Rossi, S, Ruggiu, I, Tomasi, M, Tubertini, C, Valaguzza, S, Bonetti, P, Cardone, A, Cassatella, A, Cortese, F, Guazzarotti, A, and DELSIGNORE, MONICA

Published
2014

40. Irragionevolezza delle norme o opacità dell'interpretazione? La tutela dell'embrione alla luce della distinzione aristotelica fra atto e potenza

Author

Andretto, Luca, Arconzo, G., Bagni, S., Bonciani, E., Brunelli, G., Canale, G., Carrer, M., Casonato, C., Chiaramonte, L., D'Amico, G., DE BARI, F., Deffenu, A., DI COSIMO, G., DI GENIO, G., Faenza, F., Faralli, C., Ferraretti, A. P., Fioravanti, C., Franco, L., Galipo', G., Gemma, G., Isolani, L., Lanza, E., Lorenzetti, A., Lucchi, N., Majorana, G., Malfatti, E., Manetti, M., Pellizzone, I., Penasa, S., Pezzini, B., Pugiotto, A., Rossi, S., Rossini, G., Timiani, M., Tripodina, C., Trucco, L., Vaccari, G., and Veronesi, P.

Subjects
tutela, procreazione, potenza, fecondazione, embrione, legge 40, assistita, atto
Published
2008

46. Temporal changes and spatial variation of soil oxygen consumption, nitrification and denitrification rates in a tidal salt marsh of the Lagoon of Venice, Italy

Author

Eriksson, P.G., Svensson, J.M., Carrer, M., Eriksson, P.G., Svensson, J.M., and Carrer, M.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate seasonal and spatial patterns of soil oxygen consumption, nitrification, denitrification and fluxes of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in a tidal salt marsh of the Lagoon of Venice, Italy. In the salt marsh, intact soil cores including overlying water were collected monthly at high tide from April to October in salt marsh creeks and in areas covered by the dominant vegetation, Limonium serotinum. In May, cores were also collected in areas with vegetation dominated by Juncus maritimus and Halimione portulacoides. In laboratory incubations at in situ temperature in the dark, flux rates of oxygen and DIN were monitored in the overlying water of the intact cores. 15N-nitrate was added to the overlying water and nitrification and denitrification were measured using isotope-dilution and -pairing techniques. The results show that highest soil oxygen consumption coincided with the highest water temperature in June and July. The highest denitrification rates were recorded in spring and autumn coinciding with the highest nitrate concentrations. Soil oxygen consumption and nitrification rates differed between sampling sites, but denitrification rates were similar among the different vegetation types. The highest rates were recorded in areas covered with L. serotinum. Burrowing soil macrofauna enhanced oxygen consumption, nitrification and denitrification in April and May. The data presented in this study indicate high temporal as well as spatial variations in the flux of oxygen and DIN, and nitrogen transformations in the tidal salt marshes of the Venice lagoon during the growth season. The results identify the salt marshes of the Venice lagoon as being metabolically very active ecosystems with a high capacity to process nitrogen.

Published
2003
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48. Alpha-chain disease without qualitative serum IgA abnormality. Report of two cases, including a "nonsecretory" form.

Author

Rambaud, Jean-Claude, Galian, Annie, Danon, Francloise G., Preud'Homme, Jean-Louis, Brandtzaeg, Per, Wassef, Michel, Carrer, Michel Le, Mehaut, Marcel A., Voinchet, Odile L., Perol, Roland G., Chapman, Antoine, Rambaud, J C, Galian, A, Danon, F G, Preud'homme, J L, Brandtzaeg, P, Wassef, M, Le Carrer, M, Mehaut, M A, and Voinchet, O L

Published
1983
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50. Distinct effects of climate warming on populations of silver fir (Abies alba) across Europe

Author

Gazol, A., Camarero, J.J., Gutiérrez Merino, Emilia, Popa, I., Andreu Hayles, Laia, Motta, R., Nola, P., Ribas, M., Sangüesa-Barreda, G., Barreda, G., Urbinati, C., Carrer, M., and Universitat de Barcelona

Subjects
Romania, Sequeres, Dendroclimatology, Itàlia, Climatic changes, Arbres, Trees, Droughts, Europe, Dendroclimatologia, Italy, Spain, Espanya, Europa, Canvis climàtics
Abstract

Aim Climate change is expected to modify growth trends of forests around the world. However, this modification may vary in strength and intensity across a species' biogeographical range. Here, we study European populations of silver fir (Abies alba) across its southern distribution limits in Spain, Italy and Romania. We hypothesized that growth trends of silver fir will differ across its distribution range, with a marked decline in growth in drought-prone regions near the species' southernmost biogeographical limits. Location Europe (Spain, Italy, Romania). Methods We collected tree-ring data from at least 1300 silver fir trees located in 111 sites. The dataset was used to assess and model growth trends, quantified as changes in basal area increment, and to determine how growth responds to climate. Results We found contrasting patterns of basal area increments among countries and sites. Populations of silver fir located outside the Mediterranean area (e.g. northern Italy, Romania) have shown a clear increase in growth over the last two decades, whereas most populations in Spain and southern Italy have displayed a marked decline in growth since the 1980s. The growth of silver fir forests at the south-western distribution limit is severely constrained by low spring-summer water availability, whereas growth of silver fir forests in non-Mediterranean areas is limited by cold conditions in late winter to early spring. Main conclusions Climate warming is distinctly modifying growth patterns and responses to climate in silver fir across most of the species' European distribution area. In south-western Europe the reduction in growth of many populations is related to an observed increase in aridity, whereas in more temperate areas warming is enhancing growth. Our results confirm a decline in the growth of silver fir at its south-western distribution limits as a consequence of climate warming.

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