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570 results on '"Carotenuto G."'

1. CaloCube: a novel calorimeter for high-energy cosmic rays in space

Author

Rappoldi A., Cattaneo P.W., Adriani O., Agnesi A., Albergo S., Auditore L., Basti A., Berti E., Bigongiari G., Bonechi L., Bonechi S., Bongi M., Bonvicini V., Bottai S., Brogi P., Cappello G., Carotenuto G., Castellini G., D’Alessandro R., Detti S., Fasoli M., Finetti N., Italiano A., Lenzi P., Maestro P., Marrocchesi P.S., Miritello M., Mori N., Olmi M., Orzan G., Pacini L., Papini P., Pellegriti M.G., Pirzio F., Ricciarini S., Spillantini P., Starodubtsev O., Stolzi F., Suh J.E., Sulaj A., Tiberio A., Tricomi A., Trifirò A., Trimarchi M., Vannuccini E., Vedda A., Zampa G., and Zampa N.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

CaloCube is an R&D project borne to develop a novel calorimeter design, optimized for high-energy cosmic ray measurements in space. A small prototype made of CsI(Tl) elements has been built and tested on particle beams. A final version, made of 5×5×18 crystals and with dual readout (two photodiodes for each crystal), to cover the full required dynamic range, is under construction and will be tested at CERN SPS in Summer 2016. The dual readout compensation technique were developed and the feasibility to extract Čerenkov signals from CsI crystals verified.

Published
2017
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3. CaloCube: a novel calorimeter for high-energy cosmic rays in space

Author

Cattaneo, P. W., Adriani, O., Albergo, S., Auditore, L., Basti, A., Berti, E., Bigongiari, G., Bonechi, L., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Brogi, P., Carotenuto, G., Castellini, G., ďAlessandro, R., Detti, S., Fasoli, M., Finetti, N., Italiano, A., Lenzi, P., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Mori, N., Olmi, M., Orzan, G., Pacini, L., Papini, P., Pellegriti, M. G., Rappoldi, A., Ricciarini, S., Rossella, M., Sciutto, A., Spillantini, P., Starodubtsev, O., Stolzi, F., Suh, J. E., Sulaj, A., Tiberio, A., Tricomi, A., Trifiró, A., Trimarchi, M., Vannuccini, E., Vedda, A., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

In order to extend the direct observation of high-energy cosmic rays up to the PeV region, highly performing calorimeters with large geometrical acceptance and high energy resolution are required. Within the constraint of the total mass of the apparatus, crucial for a space mission, the calorimeters must be optimized with respect to their geometrical acceptance, granularity and absorption depth. CaloCube is a homogeneous calorimeter with cubic geometry, to maximise the acceptance being sensitive to particles from every direction in space; granularity is obtained by relying on small cubic scintillating crystals as active elements. Different scintillating materials have been studied. The crystal sizes and spacing among them have been optimized with respect to the energy resolution. A prototype, based on CsI(Tl) cubic crystals, has been constructed and tested with particle beams. Some results of tests with different beams at CERN are presented., Comment: Seven pages, seven pictures. Proceedings of INSTR17 Novosibirsk

Published
2017
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5. Synthesis of nanographite by laser induced thermal expansion of H2SO4 intercalated graphite lattice

Author

Carotenuto, G., Longo, A., Nicolais, L., De Nicola, S., Pugliese, E., Ciofini, M., Locatelli, M., Lapucci, A., and Meucci, R.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We have experimentally investigated the expansion mechanism induced by laser irradiation of H2SO4 intercalated graphite. Intercalated graphite materials irradiated by laser allows to study reactions occurring in confined chemical conditions. We find that the laser-assisted reaction process is characterized by a threshold temperature of about 140{\deg}C followed by a fast rate of heating which produces a large amount of overheated gases and causes a violent expansion of the graphite crystal. We investigate the morphological changes undergone by irradiated graphite filaments using a combination of thermal and visible imaging technique which allows for the quantitative determination of temporal evolution of the thermal field during the heating stage and exfoliation of the grain., Comment: pag 12 figure 7

Published
2014

7. CaloCube: An isotropic spaceborne calorimeter for high-energy cosmic rays. Optimization of the detector performance for protons and nuclei

Author

Adriani, O., Albergo, S., Auditore, L., Basti, A., Berti, E., Bigongiari, G., Bonechi, L., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Brogi, P., Carotenuto, G., Castellini, G., Cattaneo, P.W., Daddi, N., D’Alessandro, R., Detti, S., Finetti, N., Italiano, A., Lenzi, P., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P.S., Mori, N., Orzan, G., Olmi, M., Pacini, L., Papini, P., Pellegriti, M.G., Rappoldi, A., Ricciarini, S., Sciuto, A., Spillantini, P., Starodubtsev, O., Stolzi, F., Suh, J.E., Sulaj, A., Tiberio, A., Tricomi, A., Trifiro’, A., Trimarchi, M., Vannuccini, E., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.

Published
2017
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9. CaloCube: A new-concept calorimeter for the detection of high-energy cosmic rays in space

Author

Vannuccini, E., Adriani, O., Agnesi, A., Albergo, S., Auditore, L., Basti, A., Berti, E., Bigongiari, G., Bonechi, L., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Brogi, P., Carotenuto, G., Castellini, G., Cattaneo, P.W., D'Alessandro, R., Detti, S., Fasoli, M., Finetti, N., Lenzi, P., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P.S., Miritello, M., Mori, N., Orzan, G., Olmi, M., Pacini, L., Papini, P., Pellegriti, M.G., Pirzio, F., Rappoldi, A., Ricciarini, S., Spillantini, P., Starodubtsev, O., Stolzi, F., Suh, J.E., Sulaj, A., Tiberio, A., Tricomi, A., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vedda, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zerbo, B.

Published
2017
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11. Calocube—A highly segmented calorimeter for a space based experiment

Author

D׳Alessandro, R., Adriani, O., Agnesi, A., Albergo, S., Auditore, L., Basti, A., Berti, E., Bigongiari, G., Bonechi, L., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Brogi, P., Carotenuto, G., Castellini, G., Cattaneo, P.W., Cauz, D., Chiari, M., Daddi, N., Detti, S., Fasoli, M., Finetti, N., Gregorio, A., Lenzi, P., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P.S., Miritello, M., Mori, N., Pacini, L., Papini, P., Pauletta, G., Pirzio, F., Rappazzo, G.F., Rappoldi, A., Ricciarini, S., Santi, L.G., Spillantini, P., Starodubtsev, O., Suh, J.E., Sulaj, A., Tiberio, A., Tricomi, A., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vannuccini, E., Vedda, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zerbo, B.

Published
2016
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19. List of Contributors

Author

Aly-Hassan, Mohamed S., primary, Altstädt, Volker, additional, Asp, Leif E., additional, Baltopoulos, Athanasios, additional, Bhattacharyya, Debes, additional, Bijwe, Jayashree, additional, Botelho, Edson Cocchieri, additional, Breuer, U.P., additional, Carotenuto, G., additional, Chandrasekaran, S., additional, Chen, Yuming, additional, de Oliveira Barra, Guilherme Mariz, additional, de Sousa, Daniel Eurico Salvador, additional, Doshi, Sagar M., additional, Dubrovsky, V.V., additional, Fathi, Amir, additional, Fiedler, B., additional, Friedrich, K., additional, Frontini, Patricia M., additional, Gao, Shang-Lin, additional, Ghasemi Nejhad, Mehrdad N., additional, Greenhalgh, Emile S., additional, Gurka, Martin, additional, Huang, Haitao, additional, Ishak, Z.A. Mohd, additional, Jancar, Josef, additional, Karger-Kocsis, J., additional, Kéki, S., additional, Khun, Nay Win, additional, Kim, Nam Kyeun, additional, Kostopoulos, Vassilis, additional, Li, Xiaoyan, additional, Li, Yuanqing, additional, Liao, Kin, additional, Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida, additional, Mäder, Edith, additional, Mai, Yiu-Wing, additional, Meo, Michele, additional, Nicolais, L., additional, Nohara, Evandro Luís, additional, Pesetskii, S.S., additional, Ponomarenko, Anatoliy T., additional, Pouzada, António S., additional, Ray, Suprakas Sinha, additional, Rezende, Mirabel Cerqueira, additional, Rong, Min Zhi, additional, Schmeer, S., additional, Schulte, K., additional, Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique, additional, Shevchenko, V.V., additional, Shevchenko, Vitaliy G., additional, Subasinghe, Aruna, additional, Sue, Hung-Jue, additional, Sun, Dawei, additional, Sun, Dazhi, additional, Taib, R. Mat, additional, Thostenson, Erik T., additional, Umer, Rehan, additional, Viets, Chr., additional, Yang, Jinglei, additional, Yi, Xiao-Su, additional, Yin, Tao, additional, Yuan, Yan Chao, additional, Zhang, He, additional, Zhang, Hui, additional, Zhang, Ming Qiu, additional, Zhang, Zhong, additional, Zhou, Limin, additional, and Zhou, Ling-yun, additional

Published
2015
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20. The CALOCUBE project for a space based cosmic ray experiment: Design, construction, and first performance of a high granularity calorimeter prototype

Author

Adriani, O, Albergo, S, Auditore, L, Basti, A, Berti, E, Bigongiari, G, Bonechi, L, Bongi, M, Bonvicini, V, Bottai, S, Brogi, P, Cappello, G, Carotenuto, G, Castellini, G, Cattaneo, P, Cecchi, R, Checchia, C, D'Alessandro, R, Detti, S, Fasoli, M, Finetti, N, Italiano, A, Lenzi, P, Maestro, P, Manetti, M, Marrocchesi, P, Mori, N, Morsani, F, Olmi, M, Orsini, A, Orzan, G, Pacini, L, Papini, P, Pellegriti, M, Rappoldi, A, Ricciarini, S, Sciuto, A, Spillantini, P, Starodubtsev, O, Stiaccini, L, Stolzi, F, Sulaj, A, Suh, J, Tiberio, A, Tricomi, A, Trifiro, A, Trimarchi, M, Vannuccini, E, Vedda, A, Zampa, G, Zampa, N, Adriani O., Albergo S., Auditore L., Basti A., Berti E., Bigongiari G., Bonechi L., Bongi M., Bonvicini V., Bottai S., Brogi P., Cappello G., Carotenuto G., Castellini G., Cattaneo P. W., Cecchi R., Checchia C., D'Alessandro R., Detti S., Fasoli M., Finetti N., Italiano A., Lenzi P., Maestro P., Manetti M., Marrocchesi P. S., Mori N., Morsani F., Olmi M., Orsini A., Orzan G., Pacini L., Papini P., Pellegriti M. G., Rappoldi A., Ricciarini S., Sciuto A., Spillantini P., Starodubtsev O., Stiaccini L., Stolzi F., Sulaj A., Suh J. E., Tiberio A., Tricomi A., Trifiro A., Trimarchi M., Vannuccini E., Vedda A., Zampa G., Zampa N., Adriani, O, Albergo, S, Auditore, L, Basti, A, Berti, E, Bigongiari, G, Bonechi, L, Bongi, M, Bonvicini, V, Bottai, S, Brogi, P, Cappello, G, Carotenuto, G, Castellini, G, Cattaneo, P, Cecchi, R, Checchia, C, D'Alessandro, R, Detti, S, Fasoli, M, Finetti, N, Italiano, A, Lenzi, P, Maestro, P, Manetti, M, Marrocchesi, P, Mori, N, Morsani, F, Olmi, M, Orsini, A, Orzan, G, Pacini, L, Papini, P, Pellegriti, M, Rappoldi, A, Ricciarini, S, Sciuto, A, Spillantini, P, Starodubtsev, O, Stiaccini, L, Stolzi, F, Sulaj, A, Suh, J, Tiberio, A, Tricomi, A, Trifiro, A, Trimarchi, M, Vannuccini, E, Vedda, A, Zampa, G, Zampa, N, Adriani O., Albergo S., Auditore L., Basti A., Berti E., Bigongiari G., Bonechi L., Bongi M., Bonvicini V., Bottai S., Brogi P., Cappello G., Carotenuto G., Castellini G., Cattaneo P. W., Cecchi R., Checchia C., D'Alessandro R., Detti S., Fasoli M., Finetti N., Italiano A., Lenzi P., Maestro P., Manetti M., Marrocchesi P. S., Mori N., Morsani F., Olmi M., Orsini A., Orzan G., Pacini L., Papini P., Pellegriti M. G., Rappoldi A., Ricciarini S., Sciuto A., Spillantini P., Starodubtsev O., Stiaccini L., Stolzi F., Sulaj A., Suh J. E., Tiberio A., Tricomi A., Trifiro A., Trimarchi M., Vannuccini E., Vedda A., Zampa G., and Zampa N.

Abstract

Current research in High Energy Cosmic Ray Physics touches on fundamental questions regarding the origin of cosmic rays, their composition, the acceleration mechanisms, and their production. Unambiguous measurements of the energy spectra and of the composition of cosmic rays at the "knee" region could provide some of the answers to the above questions. So far only ground based observations, which rely on sophisticated models describing high energy interactions in the Earth's atmosphere, have been possible due to the extremely low particle rates at these energies. A calorimetry based space experiment that could provide not only flux measurements but also energy spectra and particle identification, would certainly overcome some of the uncertainties of ground based experiments. Given the expected particle fluxes, a very large acceptance is needed to collect a sufficient quantity of data, in a time compatible with the duration of a space mission. This in turn, contrasts with the lightness and compactness requirements for space based experiments. We present a novel idea in calorimetry which addresses these issues whilst limiting the mass and volume of the detector. In this paper we report on a four year R&D program where we investigated materials, coatings, photo-sensors, Front End electronics, and mechanical structures with the aim of designing a high performance, high granularity calorimeter with the largest possible acceptance. Details are given of the design choices, component characterisation, and of the construction of a sizeable prototype (Calocube) which has been used in various tests with particle beams.

Published
2019

24. Treatment of feline hyperthyroidism

Author

Carotenuto G., Fracassi F., Carotenuto G., and Fracassi F.

Subjects
endocrine system, endocrine system diseases, TT4. metimazolo, tiamazolo, tiroidectomia, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

Feline hyperthyroidism is a life-threatening disease requiringprompt veterinary treatment. After the diagnosis, it is mandatory to choose the appropriate treatment. There are several options for the treatment of feline hyperthyroidism: radioactive iodine, surgical thyroidectomy, use of antithyroid drugs and dietary therapy using an iodine-restricted food. The choice of therapy is based on the clinical conditions of the cat, treatment costs and the presence or specialised centres for the treatment with radioactive iodine. The goal of the therapy is to restore euthyroidism, avoid hypothyroidism and minimise side effects of the treatment.

Published
2019

25. Accuracy of a flash glucose monitoring system in dogs with diabetic ketoacidosis

Author

Malerba E, Del Baldo F, Carotenuto G, Corradini S, Cattani C, Fracassi F, Malerba E, Del Baldo F, Carotenuto G, Corradini S, Cattani C, and Fracassi F

Subjects
diabetic ketoacidosis, dog, flash glucose monitoring system
Abstract

A factory-calibrated flash glucose monitoring system (FGMS) (FreeStyle Libre, Abbott, UK) was recently evaluated in stable diabetic dogs. The aims of this retrospective study were to assess the performance of the FGMS in dogs with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and to determine the effect of body condition score (BCS), perfusion, severity of ketosis and acidosis on the accuracy of the device. FGMS was placed in a clipped and clean area on the dorsal part of the neck of dogs with DKA within 14 hours from the presentation. The interstitial glucose measurements were compared with blood glucose (BG) measurements, obtained by a validated portable glucometer (Optium Xceed, Abbott, UK). Overall accuracy was determined by fulfillment of ISO 15197:2013 criteria, calculating mean absolute difference (MAD), mean absolute relative difference (MARD), median absolute relative difference (mARD), mean relative difference (MRD), percentage of results within ±15 mg/dL of the BG value for glucose

Published
2019

26. The CALOCUBE project for a space based cosmic ray experiment: design, construction, and first performance of a high granularity calorimeter prototype

Author

Adriani, O., Albergo, S., Auditore, L., Basti, A., Berti, E., Bigongiari, G., Bonechi, L., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V, Bottai, S., Brogi, P., Cappello, G., Carotenuto, G., Castellini, G., Cattaneo, P. W., Cecchi, R., Checchia, C., D'Aless, Ro, R., Detti, S., Fasoli, M., Finetti, N., Italiano, A., Lenzi, P., Maestro, P., Manetti, M., Marrocchesi, P. S., Mori, N., Morsani, F., Olmi, M., Orsini, A., Orzan, G., Pacini, L., Papini, P., Pellegriti, M. G., Rappoldi, A., Ricciarini, S., Sciuto, A., Spillantini, P., Starodubtsev, O., Stiaccini, L., Stolzi, F., Sulaj, F. A., Suh, J. E., Tiberio, A., Tricomi, A., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vannuccini, E., Vedda, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Adriani, O, Albergo, S, Auditore, L, Basti, A, Berti, E, Bigongiari, G, Bonechi, L, Bongi, M, Bonvicini, V, Bottai, S, Brogi, P, Cappello, G, Carotenuto, G, Castellini, G, Cattaneo, P, Cecchi, R, Checchia, C, D'Alessandro, R, Detti, S, Fasoli, M, Finetti, N, Italiano, A, Lenzi, P, Maestro, P, Manetti, M, Marrocchesi, P, Mori, N, Morsani, F, Olmi, M, Orsini, A, Orzan, G, Pacini, L, Papini, P, Pellegriti, M, Rappoldi, A, Ricciarini, S, Sciuto, A, Spillantini, P, Starodubtsev, O, Stiaccini, L, Stolzi, F, Sulaj, A, Suh, J, Tiberio, A, Tricomi, A, Trifiro, A, Trimarchi, M, Vannuccini, E, Vedda, A, Zampa, G, and Zampa, N

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, gas and liquid scintillators), FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillation and light emission processes, Calorimeters, Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators), Space instrumentation, Cosmic ray, Particle identification, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Acceleration, Aerospace engineering, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Calorimeter, business.industry, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators), Scintillator, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, Measuring instrument, Granularity, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Current research in High Energy Cosmic Ray Physics touches on fundamental questions regarding the origin of cosmic rays, their composition, the acceleration mechanisms, and their production. Unambiguous measurements of the energy spectra and of the composition of cosmic rays at the "knee" region could provide some of the answers to the above questions. So far only ground based observations, which rely on sophisticated models describing high energy interactions in the Earth's atmosphere, have been possible due to the extremely low particle rates at these energies. A calorimetry based space experiment that could provide not only flux measurements but also energy spectra and particle identification, would certainly overcome some of the uncertainties of ground based experiments. Given the expected particle fluxes, a very large acceptance is needed to collect a sufficient quantity of data, in a time compatible with the duration of a space mission. This in turn, contrasts with the lightness and compactness requirements for space based experiments. We present a novel idea in calorimetry which addresses these issues whilst limiting the mass and volume of the detector. In this paper we report on a four year R&D program where we investigated materials, coatings, photo-sensors, Front End electronics, and mechanical structures with the aim of designing a high performance, high granularity calorimeter with the largest possible acceptance. Details are given of the design choices, component characterisation, and of the construction of a sizeable prototype (Calocube) which has been used in various tests with particle beams.

Published
2019

32. Synthesis of polymer-embedded noble metal clusters by thermolysis of mercaptides dissolved in polymers

Author

Carotenuto, G., Nicolais, L., and Perlo, P.

Subjects
Nanotechnology -- Usage -- Research, Polymeric composites -- Research -- Usage, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology, Usage, Research
Abstract

Homoleptic mercaptides of noble metals (i.e., Me(SR)[.sub.x], where R is a linear alkyl group, i.e., [C.sub.n][H.sub.2n+1]) dissolved in polymer undergo a thermal degradation process at moderately low temperatures (180-250°C), producing metal atoms that then give nanosized metal particles by clustering. As an example, the preparation of palladium, gold, and silver clusters dispersed in polystyrene has been described, but such chemical route is a very general approach and a variety of metal/polymer combinations can be equivalently obtained. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 46: 1016-1021, 2006. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers, INTRODUCTION Surface and confinement effects produce in nanosized metals novel optical, magnetic, and electronic properties that can be exploit for technological applications simply by embedding these nanostructures (quantum-dots) into polymeric [...]

Published
2006

33. Online monitoring of alloyed bimetallic nanoparticle formation by optical spectroscopy

Author

Belotelov, V.I., Carotenuto, G., Nicolais, L., Longo, A, Pepe, G.P., Perlo, G.P., and Zvezdin, A.K.

Subjects
Optical spectrometers -- Usage, Nanoparticles -- Chemical properties, Nanoparticles -- Optical properties, Silver compounds -- Chemical properties, Silver compounds -- Optical properties, Gold compounds -- Chemical properties, Gold compounds -- Optical properties, Physics
Abstract

An extension to the Mie theory for the calculation of optical absorption spectra in bimetallic nanoparticles has been developed. The Ag/Au nanosystem was studied within the framework of this model and it was used to obtain the information about the bimetallic particle relative composition, the nanoparticle diameter and the radial distribution of the chemical composition.

Published
2006

46. CaloCube: A new-concept calorimeter for the detection of high-energy cosmic rays in space

Author

Vannuccini, E, Adriani, O, Agnesi, A, Albergo, S, Auditore, L, Basti, A, Berti, E, Bigongiari, G, Bonechi, L, Bonechi, S, Bongi, M, Bonvicini, V, Bottai, S, Brogi, P, Carotenuto, G, Castellini, G, Cattaneo, P, D'Alessandro, R, Detti, S, Fasoli, M, Finetti, N, Lenzi, P, Maestro, P, Marrocchesi, P, Miritello, M, Mori, N, Orzan, G, Olmi, M, Pacini, L, Papini, P, Pellegriti, M, Pirzio, F, Rappoldi, A, Ricciarini, S, Spillantini, P, Starodubtsev, O, Stolzi, F, Suh, J, Sulaj, A, Tiberio, A, Tricomi, A, Trifiro, A, Trimarchi, M, Vedda, A, Zampa, G, Zampa, N, Zerbo, B, Vannuccini, E., Adriani, O., Agnesi, A., Albergo, S., Auditore, L., Basti, A., Berti, E., Bigongiari, G., Bonechi, L., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Brogi, P., Carotenuto, G., Castellini, G., Cattaneo, P. W., D'Alessandro, R., Detti, S., Fasoli, M., Finetti, N., Lenzi, P., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Miritello, M., Mori, N., Orzan, G., Olmi, M., Pacini, L., Papini, P., Pellegriti, M. G., Pirzio, F., Rappoldi, A., Ricciarini, S., Spillantini, P., Starodubtsev, O., Stolzi, F., Suh, J. E., Sulaj, A., Tiberio, A., Tricomi, A., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vedda, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zerbo, B., Vannuccini, E, Adriani, O, Agnesi, A, Albergo, S, Auditore, L, Basti, A, Berti, E, Bigongiari, G, Bonechi, L, Bonechi, S, Bongi, M, Bonvicini, V, Bottai, S, Brogi, P, Carotenuto, G, Castellini, G, Cattaneo, P, D'Alessandro, R, Detti, S, Fasoli, M, Finetti, N, Lenzi, P, Maestro, P, Marrocchesi, P, Miritello, M, Mori, N, Orzan, G, Olmi, M, Pacini, L, Papini, P, Pellegriti, M, Pirzio, F, Rappoldi, A, Ricciarini, S, Spillantini, P, Starodubtsev, O, Stolzi, F, Suh, J, Sulaj, A, Tiberio, A, Tricomi, A, Trifiro, A, Trimarchi, M, Vedda, A, Zampa, G, Zampa, N, Zerbo, B, Vannuccini, E., Adriani, O., Agnesi, A., Albergo, S., Auditore, L., Basti, A., Berti, E., Bigongiari, G., Bonechi, L., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Brogi, P., Carotenuto, G., Castellini, G., Cattaneo, P. W., D'Alessandro, R., Detti, S., Fasoli, M., Finetti, N., Lenzi, P., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Miritello, M., Mori, N., Orzan, G., Olmi, M., Pacini, L., Papini, P., Pellegriti, M. G., Pirzio, F., Rappoldi, A., Ricciarini, S., Spillantini, P., Starodubtsev, O., Stolzi, F., Suh, J. E., Sulaj, A., Tiberio, A., Tricomi, A., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vedda, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zerbo, B.

Abstract

The direct observation of high-energy cosmic rays, up to the PeV region, will increasingly rely on highly performing calorimeters, and the physics performance will be primarily determined by their geometrical acceptance and energy resolution. Thus, it is extremely important to optimize their geometrical design, granularity, and absorption depth, with respect to the total mass of the apparatus, which is among the most important constraints for a space mission. Calocube is a homogeneous calorimeter whose basic geometry is cubic and isotropic, so as to detect particles arriving from every direction in space, thus maximizing the acceptance; granularity is obtained by filling the cubic volume with small cubic scintillating crystals. This design forms the basis of a three-year R &D activity which has been approved and financed by INFN. A comparative study of different scintillating materials has been performed. Optimal values for the size of the crystals and spacing among them have been studied. Different geometries, besides the cubic one, and the possibility to implement dual-readout techniques have been investigated. A prototype, instrumented with CsI(Tl) cubic crystals, has been constructed and tested with particle beams. An overview of the obtained results will be presented and the perspectives for future space experiments will be discussed.

Published
2017

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