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1. Towards a shared understanding of sustainability for neglected tropical disease programs.

Author

Jeffrey Glenn, Aparna Barua Adams, Girija Sankar, Carolyn Henry, Karen Palacio, Wangeci Thuo, and Katherine Williams

Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundSustainability within neglected tropical disease (NTD) programs is a complex and challenging issue. The need for a shared understanding about what sustainability means for NTD programs is more important than ever as stakeholders are currently realigning for the next decade of NTD programming with the launch of WHO's new NTD roadmap for 2012-2030. The aim of this paper is to assess different perspectives to generate a working definition of sustainability for NTD programs.Methodology/principal findingsThis study surveyed affiliates of the NTD NGO Network (NNN) about their definitions of sustainability and then analyzed the data using an inductive and deductive process. The research team drafted a sustainability statement based on the survey findings and then solicited and incorporated feedback on the statement from a diverse group of expert reviewers. The final statement includes a working definition of sustainability for NTD programs that highlights three key essential components to sustainability: domestic commitment, responsive resource mobilization, and accountability.Conclusions/significanceThis research resulted in a sustainability statement, based on a survey and extensive consultation with stakeholders, that represents a starting point for shared understanding around the concept of sustainability for NTD programs. Future collaborative work should build off this definition and seek to incorporate indicators for sustainability into programmatic decision-making.

Published
2021
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2. A Comparative Oncology Study of Iniparib Defines Its Pharmacokinetic Profile and Biological Activity in a Naturally-Occurring Canine Cancer Model.

Author

Corey Saba, Melissa Paoloni, Christina Mazcko, William Kisseberth, Jenna H Burton, Annette Smith, Heather Wilson-Robles, Sara Allstadt, David Vail, Carolyn Henry, Susan Lana, E J Ehrhart, Brad Charles, Michael Kent, Jessica Lawrence, Kristine Burgess, Antonella Borgatti, Steve Suter, Paul Woods, Ira Gordon, Patricia Vrignaud, Chand Khanna, and Amy K LeBlanc

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Development of iniparib as an anti-cancer agent was hindered in part by lingering questions regarding its mechanism of action, the activity of its metabolites, and their potential accumulation in tumors. Due to strong similarities in metabolism of iniparib between humans and dogs, a veterinary clinical trial in pet dogs with spontaneous cancers was designed to answer specific questions pertaining to pharmacokinetic exposures and tolerability of iniparib. Dogs were treated with iniparib alone and in combination with carboplatin chemotherapy. Iniparib doses ranged between 10-70 mg/kg intravenously (IV). Plasma, tumor and normal tissue samples were collected before and at various time points scheduled after exposure for pharmacokinetic and biologic analysis. The primary endpoints included characterization of dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) and determination of the drug exposures that could be achieved in both normal and tumor tissues. Nineteen dogs were treated. DLT included fever, anorexia, diarrhea, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia; most effects were attributable to carboplatin based on the timing of adverse event onset. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of iniparib was not identified. Moderate to high variability in plasma exposure was noted for iniparib and all metabolites between animals. When quantifiable, iniparib and metabolite plasma:tumor ratios were < 0.088 and

Published
2016
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3. Launching a novel preclinical infrastructure: comparative oncology trials consortium directed therapeutic targeting of TNFalpha to cancer vasculature.

Author

Melissa C Paoloni, Anita Tandle, Christina Mazcko, Engy Hanna, Stefan Kachala, Amy Leblanc, Shelley Newman, David Vail, Carolyn Henry, Douglas Thamm, Karin Sorenmo, Amin Hajitou, Renata Pasqualini, Wadih Arap, Chand Khanna, and Steven K Libutti

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Under the direction and sponsorship of the National Cancer Institute, we report on the first pre-clinical trial of the Comparative Oncology Trials Consortium (COTC). The COTC is a novel infrastructure to integrate cancers that naturally develop in pet dogs into the development path of new human drugs. Trials are designed to address questions challenging in conventional preclinical models and early phase human trials. Large animal spontaneous cancer models can be a valuable addition to successful studies of cancer biology and novel therapeutic drug, imaging and device development.Through this established infrastructure, the first trial of the COTC (COTC001) evaluated a targeted AAV-phage vector delivering tumor necrosis factor (RGD-A-TNF) to alphaV integrins on tumor endothelium. Trial progress and data was reviewed contemporaneously using a web-enabled electronic reporting system developed for the consortium. Dose-escalation in cohorts of 3 dogs (n = 24) determined an optimal safe dose (5x10(12) transducing units intravenous) of RGD-A-TNF. This demonstrated selective targeting of tumor-associated vasculature and sparing of normal tissues assessed via serial biopsy of both tumor and normal tissue. Repetitive dosing in a cohort of 14 dogs, at the defined optimal dose, was well tolerated and led to objective tumor regression in two dogs (14%), stable disease in six (43%), and disease progression in six (43%) via Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST).The first study of the COTC has demonstrated the utility and efficiency of the established infrastructure to inform the development of new cancer drugs within large animal naturally occurring cancer models. The preclinical evaluation of RGD-A-TNF within this network provided valuable and necessary data to complete the design of first-in-man studies.

Published
2009
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4. How Teachers' Preparation Relates to Students' Civic Knowledge and Engagement in the United States: Analysis from the IEA Civic Education Study? CIRCLE Fact Sheet

Author

Torney-Purta, Judith, Barber, Carolyn Henry, and Richardson, Wendy Klandl

Abstract

Civic education conducted in schools plays a significant role in fostering citizenship but teaching about these themes is often incorporated in history or social studies courses and not found in a distinct subject. An essential part of improving civic learning opportunities for students is preparing teachers more adequately for civic-related subjects, but there is little consensus about what that preparation should entail. At least three dimensions of teachers' preparation have been identified as important: teachers' content knowledge, teacher's pedagogical content knowledge, and teachers' beliefs (for example, their sense of confidence in teaching the subject matter). A lack of empirical research linking teachers' knowledge and beliefs with the achievement and engagement of their students stands in the way of charting a clear direction for improving teacher education in civic-related subjects. The IEA Civic Education Study7, which collected data in 1999, surveyed approximately 200 civic-related teachers in each of twenty-seven countries in conjunction with the testing of 14-year olds. In each school where students were tested three teachers were identified who taught subjects covered in the students' test of civic knowledge (subjects such as government, national history, social studies, and social sciences). While it was preferred that the teachers sampled could be linked to the class of students who participated in the survey (i.e., they taught these students), other teachers of civic-related disciplines were surveyed if one or more teachers could not be linked to the tested class. Once teachers were identified, they were administered a survey about their teaching background and methods, their experience and confidence in teaching various civic-related topics, and their attitudes towards civic education at school. Unlike previous research, it was possible to link these teachers to the class they taught in many of these countries including the United States. This fact sheet first examines how teachers responded to questions about their professional development, confidence in teaching, and attitudes towards civic education. Profiles contrasting the teachers' patterns in countries where students performed at different levels on the test of civic knowledge were drawn. Second, within two of the higher performing countries, United States and Finland, how teachers' educational experience relates to students' civic achievement and civic engagement (likelihood of voting) is explored. (Contains 13 endnotes, and 5 color enhanced figures.) [This report was produced by Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement (CIRCLE), University of Maryland.]

Published
2005

5. Trust in Government-Related Institutions and Civic Engagement among Adolescents: Analysis of Five Countries from the IEA Civic Education Study. CIRCLE Working Paper 17.

Author

Torney-Purta, Judith, Richardson, Wendy Klandl, and Barber, Carolyn Henry

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine different facets of trust in the political system or civic realm and how they are correlated to the expected civic or political engagement of young people. The nature and effects of trust in social and political institutions have been studied in adults, distinguishing between various types of trust (in institutions compared with more generalized trust in people). Few studies have focused on how trust affects the political socialization of children and adolescents, who are in the process of developing their attitudes towards government and other social institutions. This analysis uses data collected in 1999 from the IEA Civic Education Study of 14-year-olds to examine trust at three levels?trust in institutions with which individuals have little or no daily contact (those delegated as representatives in institutions such as the national legislature), trust in institutions with whose representatives individuals interact frequently (schools), and trust in other people. First in this analysis, levels of these three types of trust are compared in five democracies whose levels of political stability vary (Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, England and the United States). Second, correlates of individuals' levels of trust (including school climate and experiences with family) are examined. Third, trust, civic knowledge, school experiences, and family variables are used to predict levels of three types of civic or political engagement (voting, conventional political participation that goes beyond voting, and community participation). Levels of trust relate to the stability of democracy in the countries examined and to participation, suggesting a ?threshold? of trustworthiness which a political system needs to establish in order to foster civic and political participation in young people. Additionally, different types of civic engagement are influenced differentially by trust and by other aspects of experience in schools. Civic knowltorThe purpose of this paper is to examine different facets of trust in the political system or civic realm and how they are correlated to the expected civic or political engagement of young people. The nature and effects of trust in social and political institutions have been studied in adults, distinguishing between various types of trust (in institutions compared with more generalized trust in people). Few studies have focused on how trust affects the political socialization of children and adolescents, who are in the process of developing their attitudes towards government and other social institutions. This analysis uses data collected in 1999 from the IEA Civic Education Study of 14-year-olds to examine trust at three levels?trust in institutions with which individuals have little or no daily contact (those delegated as representatives in institutions such as the national legislature), trust in institutions with whose representatives individuals interact frequently (schools), and trust in other people. First in this analysis, levels of these three types of trust are compared in five democracies whose levels of political stability vary (Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, England and the United States). Second, correlates of individuals' levels of trust (including school climate and experiences with family) are examined. Third, trust, civic knowledge, school experiences, and family variables are used to predict levels of three types of civic or political engagement (voting, conventional political participation that goes beyond voting, and community participation). Levels of trust relate to the stability of democracy in the countries examined and to participation, suggesting a ?threshold? of trustworthiness which a political system needs to establish in order to foster civic and political participation in young people. Additionally, different types of civic engagement are influenced differentially by trust and by other aspects of experience in schools. Civic knowltor

Published
2004

6. Adolescents? Trust and Civic Participation in the United States: Analysis of Data from the IEA Civic Education Study. CIRCLE Fact Sheet.

Author

Torney-Purta, Judith, Richardson, Wendy Klandl, and Barber, Carolyn Henry

Abstract

What difference does a sense of trust in a political system, schools, or fellow citizens make for young people's civic and political participation? Some argue that a certain amount of skepticism among adult citizens motivates participation rather than complacency. Is that also true for young people? Or, is there a threshold level of trust necessary to believe it is worthwhile to get involved? Researchers interested in engagement in politics distinguish between trust of other people and trust of institutions. This two-level model may not fully capture the range of trust. While some institutions like government are experienced from a distance, individuals come into regular contact with representatives of other social institutions. A three-level model of trust seems appropriate: (1) Delegated trust; (2) Collective trust; and (3) Affective trust. Data collected in 1999 by the IEA Civic Education Study, with a focus on students? civic and political knowledge and attitudes, provides an opportunity to examine this three-level model and the following three questions: (1) How do students in the United States compare to those in other countries in their levels of trust? (2) Are students who participate in voluntary organizations more trusting? (3) Does trust relate to United States students? expectations of future civic participation? How do students in the United States compare to those in other countries in their levels of trust? This document provides information and answers to these questions.

Published
2004

7. Attention to Media and Trust in Media Sources: Analysis of Data from the IEA Civic Education Study

Author

Amadeo, Jo-Ann, Torney-Purta, Judith, and Barber, Carolyn Henry

Abstract

In this fact sheet, data is reported from the IEA Civic Education Study -- a two-phased study of 14- and 17-year olds' civic knowledge, attitudes and activities conducted in 29 countries in 1999 and 2000 with nationally representative samples of students. The information from this study is used to address three main points concerning the media and civic engagement. First, the report describes, through an international comparison, young people's exposure to news on television and radio and in newspapers. Second, it examines adolescents' trust in the media and compares that trust to their trust in their national governments across several countries and the United States. Third, it presents correlates of media use -- looking separately at newspaper reading and television viewing. In addition to examining these issues across all countries in the study, the report focuses specifically on data for three countries: Chile, Portugal, and the United States. (Contains 7 figures and 13 endnotes.)

Published
2004

9. Data from Epigenetic Regulation by Z-DNA Silencer Function Controls Cancer-Associated ADAM-12 Expression in Breast Cancer: Cross-talk between MeCP2 and NF1 Transcription Factor Family

Author

Alpana Ray, Alexander Rich, Carolyn Henry, Srijita Dhar, and Bimal K. Ray

Abstract

A disintegrin and metalloprotease domain-containing protein 12 (ADAM-12) is upregulated in many human cancers and promotes cancer metastasis. Increased urinary level of ADAM-12 in breast and bladder cancers correlates with disease progression. However, the mechanism of its induction in cancer remains less understood. Previously, we reported a Z-DNA–forming negative regulatory element (NRE) in ADAM-12 that functions as a transcriptional suppressor to maintain a low-level expression of ADAM-12 in most normal cells. We now report here that overexpression of ADAM-12 in triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and breast cancer tumors is likely due to a marked loss of this Z-DNA–mediated transcriptional suppression function. We show that Z-DNA suppressor operates by interaction with methyl-CpG-binding protein, MeCP2, a prominent epigenetic regulator, and two members of the nuclear factor 1 family of transcription factors, NF1C and NF1X. While this tripartite interaction is highly prevalent in normal breast epithelial cells, both in vitro and in vivo, it is significantly lower in breast cancer cells. Western blot analysis has revealed significant differences in the levels of these 3 proteins between normal mammary epithelial and breast cancer cells. Furthermore, we show, by NRE mutation analysis, that interaction of these proteins with the NRE is necessary for effective suppressor function. Our findings unveil a new epigenetic regulatory process in which Z-DNA/MeCP2/NF1 interaction leads to transcriptional suppression, loss of which results in ADAM-12 overexpression in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res; 73(2); 736–44. ©2012 AACR.

Published
2023

11. Strengths and Weaknesses in U.S. Students' Knowledge and Skills: Analysis from the IEA Civic Education Study. CIRCLE Fact Sheet.

Author

Torney-Purta, Judith and Barber, Carolyn Henry

Abstract

Ways of enhancing knowledge of political institutions, processes and positions are the focus of many prescriptions for improving civic education and civic engagement among young people. A recent data source including a rigorously developed test of knowledge, provides an opportunity to empirically compare the performance of students in the United States to those in 27 other democratic countries. These data come from the IEA Civic Education Study. The 90,000 14-year-old respondents were tested and also asked about the civic-related topics they had studied and about their expectations for political and civic participation. They were tested in 1999, meaning that they are eligible to vote for the first time in November 2004. These data allow for the examination of four important questions comparing young people in the United States to those in other countries. The following four questions are answered in this document: (1) In which content topics and areas of civic skills are young people in the United States relatively knowledgeable (and in which areas do they lack knowledge)? (2) Which groups of young people in the United States possess knowledge and skills in relation to civic and political matters (and which groups do not)? (3) How does the study of civic-related topics in school relate to civic knowledge? and (4) For which types of expected engagement is civic knowledge important (and for which types is it unimportant)? [Document produced by the Center for Information & Research on Civic Learning & Engagement (CIRCLE).]

Published
2004

12. Applying a Verified Trusted Computing Base to Cyber Protect a Vulnerable Traffic Control Cyber-Physical System

Author

Sikha Bagui, Ezhil Kalaimannan, Caroline John, Stephen Hopkins, Amitabh Mishra, and Carolyn Henry

Subjects
050210 logistics & transportation, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Computer science, Firmware, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Cyber-physical system, Access control, 02 engineering and technology, Information security, computer.software_genre, Security policy, Traffic flow, Computer security, 0203 mechanical engineering, Trusted computing base, SCADA, 0502 economics and business, business, computer
Abstract

Traffic control systems were developed with operational performance, reliability, and safety in mind. Traffic control systems were designed well before the heavy integration of advanced communications including radio frequency (RF), the Internet and cellular transmissions. These technologies were integrated to provide more control and enable the traffic systems to become adaptive to real-time traffic flow and environmental conditions. These advances increase the opportunity for attackers to affect traffic system operations, sometimes creating a congestion which essentially halts traffic. The Secure SCADA Framework presents eight objectives which would increase the cyber resilience of an existing vulnerable cyber physical system, such as a traffic control system [1]. This approach retains the current operational performance, reliability, and safety. The concept of using a Trusted Computing Base (TCB) in a cyber-physical system is one goal of the eight presented for the Secure SCADA Framework. The SCADA TCB (STCB) project designs, develops, and verifies a core set of hardware, software, and firmware which operate in conjunction to establish a high level of security protecting a traffic control system. This research defines the requirements of a traffic control system, establishes a security policy, develops a trusted computing base, identifies and designs attacks on the system, and meets the development life-cycle requirements to proceed with implementation, verification, and testing.

Published
2020

13. Towards a shared understanding of sustainability for neglected tropical disease programs

Author

Girija Sankar, Carolyn Henry, Karen Palacio, Aparna Barua Adams, Wangeci Thuo, Katherine L. Williams, and Jeffrey Glenn

Subjects
Program evaluation, Resource mobilization, Asia, Knowledge management, Economics, Science Policy, Process (engineering), RC955-962, Social Sciences, Surveys, Research and Analysis Methods, Global Health, World Health Organization, Sustainability Science, Research Funding, Geographical Locations, Medical Conditions, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Humans, Public and Occupational Health, Government Funding of Science, Disease Eradication, Health Systems Strengthening, Social Responsibility, Survey Research, Health Care Policy, business.industry, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Sustainability science, Neglected Diseases, Tropical Diseases, Health Care, Infectious Diseases, Work (electrical), Research Design, People and Places, Sustainability, Accountability, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Social responsibility, Finance, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Program Evaluation
Abstract

Background Sustainability within neglected tropical disease (NTD) programs is a complex and challenging issue. The need for a shared understanding about what sustainability means for NTD programs is more important than ever as stakeholders are currently realigning for the next decade of NTD programming with the launch of WHO’s new NTD roadmap for 2012–2030. The aim of this paper is to assess different perspectives to generate a working definition of sustainability for NTD programs. Methodology/Principal findings This study surveyed affiliates of the NTD NGO Network (NNN) about their definitions of sustainability and then analyzed the data using an inductive and deductive process. The research team drafted a sustainability statement based on the survey findings and then solicited and incorporated feedback on the statement from a diverse group of expert reviewers. The final statement includes a working definition of sustainability for NTD programs that highlights three key essential components to sustainability: domestic commitment, responsive resource mobilization, and accountability. Conclusions/Significance This research resulted in a sustainability statement, based on a survey and extensive consultation with stakeholders, that represents a starting point for shared understanding around the concept of sustainability for NTD programs. Future collaborative work should build off this definition and seek to incorporate indicators for sustainability into programmatic decision-making., Author summary The question of whether a global public health program can be sustainable is as important as whether that program is effective. While neglected tropical disease (NTD) programs have achieved tangible success in reducing the burden of NTDs over the past decade through a massive collaboration between global and local stakeholders, the achievement of global NTD control and elimination goals will depend in large part on whether these efforts are sustained. This study seeks to encourage more and better dialogue around NTD program sustainability by incorporating a wide variety of expert perspectives to create and propose a shared definition of sustainability upon which future NTD programming decisions can be made. The sustainability statement based on the findings from this study suggests that three essential components to NTD program sustainability are commitment from decision-makers within NTD-endemic countries, resource mobilization that is responsive to local needs, and enhanced mechanisms for accountability.

Published
2021

14. Special Reviewers

Author

Joyce Abma, Alan Acock, Gregory Acs, Michele Adams, Ryan Adams, Marina A. Adler, Francesca Adler-Baeder, James W. Ainsworth, Sajeda Amin, Kathryn Anderson, Kristin Anderson, Peter Anderson, Siwan Anderson, Jacqueline Angel, Barbara Arrighi, Alice M. Atkinson, Sarah Avellar, Renee Babcock, Kristine Baber, Heather Bachman, M. V. Lee Badgett, Kathleen S. Bahr, Stephen Bahr, Paul Baker, Leena Banerjee, Jennifer Barber, Judith C. Barker, Grace M. Barnes, Rosalind C. Barnett, Rosemary Barnett, Denise S. Bartell, Judi Bartfeld, John Bartkowski, Suzanne Bartle-Haring, Brenda L. Bass, Christie D. Batson, Charles L. Baum II, Karl E. Bauman, Steven Beach, Irenee R. Beattie, Gijs Beets, Philip Belcastro, Brent B. Benda, Mary Benin, Mark Benson, Felix M. Berardo, Lawrence M. Berger, Roni Berger, Debra L. Berke, Brent Berry, Ann M. Beutel, Ann Biddlecom, Denise D. Bielby, Georgina Binstock, Thoroddur Bjarnason, Clancy Blair, Karen R. Blaisure, Rosemary Blieszner, Libby Blume, Catherine Bogin, Lon Bokker, Marc Bornstein, Angela Borsella, Pauline Boss, Genevieve Bouchard, Heather Bouchey, Sally Bould, Paul Boxer, Kathleen Boyce Rodgers, Robert Bozick, Thomas N. Bradbury, Robert H. Bradley, Christy Brady-Smith, Jenifer Bratter, Bonnie Braun, April A. Brayfield, Jennifer M. Brennom, Pia Britto, B. Bradford Brown, J. Brian Brown, Susan L. Brown, Sarah Jane Brubaker, Alex Bryson, Christy Buchanan, David V. Budescu, Rodger Bufford, Jennifer Bulanda, Ronald Bulanda, Larry L. Bumpass, Matt Bumpus, Amy M. Burdette, Carole Burgoyne, Jeffrey A. Burr, Amy C. Butler, Sarah M. Butler, Magnus Bygren, Lori Campbell, Deborah Capaldi, Kristin Carbone-Lopez, Paula Carder, Robert M. Carini, Elwood Carlson, Marcy J. Carlson, Dana R. Carney, Sandra Caron, Brian Carpenter, Sybil Carrere, Margaret L. Cassidy, Kathryn Castle, Rodney M. Cate, Willaim Chan, Maria Charles, David Cheal, Kyong Hee Chee, Zeng-yin Chen, Simon Cheng, Noelle Chesley, Erica Chito Childs, Andrew Christensen, Karen L. Christopher, F. Scott Christopher, Teresa Ciabattari, Andrea D. Clements, Mari Clements, Doug Coatsworth, Susan Cody, Susan R. Cody-Rydzewski, Andrew Cognard-Black, Catherine Cohan, Roberta L. Coles, Rebekah Levine Coley, Scott Coltrane, Terri Conley, Ingrid Arnet Connidis, Cynthia T. Cook, Jeff Cookston, James V. Cordova, Tara Cornelius, Duane Crawford, Cynthia M. Cready, Robert Crosnoe, Kyle D. Crowder, Ming Cui, Sara Curran, Martin Daly, Kevin M. David, Lorraine Davies, Kelly Davis, Shannon N. Davis, Pamela Davis-Kean, Ebenezer de Oliveira, Ed de St. Aubin, Helga de Valk, Susan De Vos, Kirby Deater-Deckard, David DeGarmo, Walter DeKeseredy, Thomas DeLeire, Mary DeLuccie, David H. Demo, Donna Dempster-McClain, Susanne Denham, Wayne Denton, Laurie DeRose, Linda E. Derscheid, Sonalde Desai, Lara Descartes, Jeffrey Dew, Peggye Dilworth-Anderson, Francis Dodoo, Lisa Dodson, Kevin Doll, David C. Dollahite, Brenda W. Donnelly, Denise A. Donnelly, Brian Doss, Stephen Drigotas, Greg J. Duncan, Karen A. Duncan, Charlotte Dunham, Rachel Dunifon, Julie Dunsmore, T. Elizabeth Durden, Linda Duxbury, Pearl Dykstra, Kathryn Edin, Mark Edwards, Marion Ehrenberg, Jennifer L. Ehrle Macomber, Melanie E. Elliott Wilson, Cheryl Elman, Norman Epstein, Shelly Eriksen, Carrie S. Erlin, Marie Evertsson, Mark Feinberg, Richard B. Felson, Kathryn Feltey, Rudy Fenwick, Rajulton Fernando, Margaret Ferrick, April Few, Carolyn Field, Karen L. Fingerman, Tamar Fischer, Terri Fisher, Anne C. Fletcher, Ruth E. Fleury-Steiner, Kory Floyd, Diana Formoso, E. Michael Foster, Melissa Franks, Leslie D. Frazier, Christine A. Fruhauf, Abbey Fruth, Vincent Kang Fu, Xuanning Fu, Megan Fulcher, Anastasia Gage, Constance T. Gager, Susan Gano-Phillips, Ge Gao, Karen Gareis, Irwin Garfinkel, Rosemary Gartner, Maria Gartstein, Margaret Gassanov, Monica M. Gaughan, Stephen M. Gavazzi, Xiaojia Ge, Lisa A. Gennetian, Jean Gerard, Jan Gerris, Elizabeth Thompson Gershoff, Jennifer P. Gerteisen Marks, Roseann Giarrusso, Christina Gibson-Davis, Jenny Gierveld, Wouter Gils, Jim Gladstone, Karen Glaser, Norval Glenn, Abbie Goldberg, Wendy Goldberg, Lonnie Golden, Calvin Goldscheider, Gian Gonzaga, Marie Good, Jacqueline Goodnow, Paula Y. Goodwin, Kristina C. Gordon, Rachel Gordon, Kim A. Goyette, Enrique Gracia, Deborah Graefe, Darlene Grant, Harold Grasmick, Kerry Green, Jan Stevens Greenberg, Emily A. Greenfield, Jeffrey H. Greenhaus, Theodore Greenstein, Arent Greve, Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, Shenyang Guo, Karen Guzzo, Linda Haas, Shelley A. Haddock, Scott Hall, Sherry Hamby, Darcy W. Hango, Jason D. Hans, Constance Hardesty, Kristen Harknett, Tammy Harpel, Shanette M. Harris, Jake Harwood, Daniel Hawkins, Susan Haworth-Hoeppner, Holly Heard, Tim B. Heaton, Heather Helms, Lewellyn Hendrix, Julia R. Henly, Carolyn Henry, Susan C. Herrick, Jerald Herting, Katherine Hertlein, Richard Heyman, E. Jeffrey Hill, Harry H. Hiller, Thomas Hirschl, Josette Hoekstra-Weebers, Lynette F. Hoelter, John P. Hoffmann, C. Richard Hofsetter, Dennis Hogan, Bryndl Hohmann-Marriott, Thomas Holman, Amy Holtzworth-Munroe, James M. Honeycutt, Jennifer Hook, Allan V. Horwitz, Cheryl A. Hosley, Sharon Houseknecht, Chien-Chung Huang, Joan Huber, Aine M. Humble, Andrea Hunter, Holly Jo Hunts, Sean-Shong Hwang, Janet Shibley Hyde, Maria Iacovou, John Iceland, Emily A. Impett, Jean Ispa, Miranda Jansen, Gregory R. Janson, Jana Jasinski, Susan Jekielek, Wei-Shiuan Jeng, Rachel Jewkes, Jutta M. Joesch, Matthew Johnson, Michael P. Johnson, Rosalind B. Johnson, Deborah Jones, Stephen Jorgensen, Pamela Joshi, Kara Joyner, Tony Jung, Ariel Kalil, Yoshinori Kamo, Claire M. Kamp Dush, Johan Karremans, Aarati Kasturirangan, Gayle Kaufman, Catherine Kaukinen, Kerry Kazura, Michelle L. Kelley, Candace Kemp, Jennifer Kerpelman, K. Jill Kiecolt, Tim Killian, Hyoun Kim, Irene J. Kim, Julia Kim, James Kirby, Monica Kirkpatrick Johnson, Margie Kiter Edwards, David Klein, Renate Klein, Petra Klumb, Stan Knapp, Bob Knight, Chris Knoester, Melvin L. Kohn, Amanda Kolburn, Kim Korinek, Tanya Koropeckyj-Cox, Rick Kosterman, Amanda Kowal, Edythe Krampe, Amy Kroska, Patrick M. Krueger, Demie Kurz, Jennifer Lambert-Shute, Richard Lampard, Sandra Lancaster, Amy Langenkamp, Jennifer Langhinrich-Rohling, Jennifer E. Lansford, Annette Lareau, Lynda L. Laughlin, Jean-Philippe Laurenceau, Nathanael Lauster, Yoav Lavee, Leora Lawton, Gary R. Lee, Kristen Lee, Eva Lefkowitz, Laura Lein, Randy Leite, Jacques D. Lempers, Kim Leon, Janel Leone, Bethany L. Letiecq, Fuzhong Li, Daniel T. Lichter, Aart C. Liefbroer, Soh-Leong Lim, I-Fen Lin, Karen Lincoln, Miriam Linver, Deanna C. Linville, Kim Lloyd, Andrew S. London, Monica Longmore, Lenard M. Lopoo, Frederick O. Lorenz, Ruth Ludwick, Jennifer Lundquist, Ye Luo, Kevin Lyness, Karen S. Lyons, Eleanor Maccoby, Shelley MacDermid, William L. MacDonald, Kristin Yagla Mack, Ross Macmillan, Jennifer Macomber, David MacPhee, Katherine MacTavish, Nyovani J. Madise, Neena Malik, Wendy D. Manning, DeeAnn Mansfield, Claudia Manzi, Gayla Margolin, Gary Marks, Jennifer Marks, Loren Marks, Nadine Marks, Sheila Marshall, William Marsiglio, Leticia Marteleto, Molly A. Martin, Steven P. Martin, Marybeth J. Mattingly, David Maume, Brent A. McBride, Mary McElroy, Lori McGraw, Sharon M. McGroder, Susan M. McHale, Mervyl J. McPherson, Julia McQuillan, Helen J. Mederer, Dominique A. Meekers, Jana Meinhold, Janet N. Melby, Leanna Mellott, Cecilia Menjivar, Steven Messner, Marcia Michaels, Melissa A. Milkie, Julia Mirsky, Debra Mollen, Christiaan Monden, David Moore, David Morgan, S. Phillip Morgan, Katie E. Mosack, Anna Muraco, Colleen I. Murray, Susan Murray, Sarah Mustillo, Barbara J. Myers, Scott M. Myers, Judith A. Myers-Walls, Cheryl Najarian, Margaret Nelson, Tick Ngee, Angela Nievar, Steven L. Nock, Kei Nomaguchi, Marion O'Brien, Barbara S. Okun, Loreen N. Olson, D. Kim Openshaw, Valerie K. Oppenheimer, Ralph S. Oropesa, Steven Ortiz, Cynthia Osborne, Ramona Oswald, Daphna Oyserman, Elizabeth M. Ozer, Jan Pahl, Toby L. Parcel, Jennifer Parker, Eliza Pavalko, Lisa Pearce, Sonja Perren, Yvette V. Perry, Maureen Perry-Jenkins, Cheryl L. Peters, Brennan Peterson, Andreas Philaretou, VooChin Phua, Kathy Piercy, Karl Pillemer, Julie Poehlmann, Michael Pollard, Shirley L. Porterfield, Brian Powell, Mary Ann Powell, Miroslava Prazak, Christine M. Proulx, Rachel Pruchno, Elizabeth Pungello, Narissra Punyanunt-Carter, Samuel P. Putnam, Desiree Baolian Qin, Sara Honn Qualls, M. Elise Radina, Sara Raley, G. N. Ramu, Pamela Rao, Joanna Reed, Marla Reese-Weber, Mark Regnerus, Alan S. Reifman, Ira L. Reiss, Corey Remle, Jeremy Reynolds, Sandra J. Rezac, Stephanie Riger, Heidi R. Riggio, David Riley, Jen Ripley, John P. Robinson, Kathleen Roche, Stacy J. Rogers, Jennifer L. Romich, Alan Rosenbaum, Paul C. Rosenblatt, Peter Rossi, Michael Rovine, Donald B. Rubin, Ronald M. Sabatelli, Sarah Salway, Gregory F. Sanders, Stephen Sanderson, Yoshie Sano, Natalia A. Sarkisian, Sharon L. Sassler, Daniel G. Saunders, Earl Schaefer, Laurie Scheuble, Maria Schmeeckle, David P. Schmitt, Mark Schmitz, Barbara Schneider, Robert Schoen, Nancy E. Schoenberg, Sarah J. Schoppe-Sullivan, Walter R. Schumm, Andrea Scott, Brent Scott, Ellen K. Scott, Todd K. Shackelford, Anisha Shah, Lilly Shanahan, Adam Shapiro, Alyson Fearnley Shapiro, Elizabeth A. Sharp, Barbara Shebloski, Darren Sherkat, Susan Short, Kumea Shorter-Gooden, Kim Shuey, Lee Shumow, Wendy Sigle-Rushton, Louise Silverstein, Merril Silverstein, Leslie Simons, Rashmi Singla, David Smith, Suzanne R. Smith, Pamela J. Smock, Lisa Smulyan, Blake Snider, Karrie Snyder, Juliana Sobolewski, Cathy Richards Solomon, Cheryl Somers, Scott J. South, Carrie E. Spearin, Kristin W. Springer, Athena Staik, Scott Stanley, Lala Carr Steelman, Claire Sterk, Phyllis Stern, Daphne Stevens, Michelle L. Stevenson, Robert Stewart, Susan D. Stewart, Beverly Stiles, Jean Stockard, Beverly Strassmann, Lisa Strohschein, Marlene Stum, J. Jill Suitor, Yongmin Sun, Lisa Sun-Hee Park, Andrew Supple, Catherine A. Surra, Jennifer E. Swanberg, Kathryn Sweeney, Megan M. Sweeney, Stephen Sweet, Steven Swinford, Susan K. Takigiku, Koray Tanfer, Baffour K. Tayki, Tiffany Taylor, Bussarawan P. Teerawichitchainan, Jenn-Yun Tein, Jeff Temple, Elizabeth Thomson, Jill Tiefenthaler, Cecilia Tomassini, Berna S. Torr, Katherine Trent, Ellen Trzcinski, Jeanne M. Tschann, Peter Uhlenberg, Adriana Umana-Taylor, Debra J. Umberson, Kimberly Updegraff, Margaret Usdansky, Lynet Uttal, Ruben I. Van Gaalen, Wilma Vollebergh, Brenda Volling, Marieke Voorpostel, Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal, Patricia Voydanoff, Linda J. Waite, Jane Waldfogel, Lora Ebert Wallace, Barbara Warner, Tracey Warren, Kim A. Weeden, Steve Weiting, G. Clare Wenger, Jerry West, Elaine Wethington, Susan Krauss Whitbourne, Gail G. Whitchurch, James M. White, Shawn Whiteman, Cookie White-Stephan, Eric D. Widmer, Stephen Wieting, W. Bradford Wilcox, Elizabeth Wildsmith, Kristi Williams, Jeremiah Wills, Andrea Willson, Janet Wilmoth, John Wilson, Celia C. Winkler, Sarah Winslow, Roger A. Wojtkiewicz, Nicholas H. Wolfinger, Eric R. Wright, Scott T. Yabiku, George A. Yancey, Frances Yang, Hsin-Chen Yeh, Wei-Jun Jean Yeung, Kathryn Yount, Anastasia Vogt Yuan, Laurie Zabin, Zhenmei Zhang, Jiping Zuo, and Janine Zweig

Subjects
Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Anthropology, Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Published
2005

15. Trust in Government-related Institutions and Political Engagement among Adolescents in Six Countries

Author

Judith Torney-Purta, Carolyn Henry Barber, and Wendy Klandl Richardson

Subjects
Government, media_common.quotation_subject, Comparative politics, Political socialization, Democracy, Politics, Political system, Voting, Political science, Political Science and International Relations, Civic engagement, Social science, Social psychology, media_common
Abstract

The nature and effects of trust in social and political institutions have been studied in adults, but few studies have focused on how trust affects the political socialization of children and adolescents, who are in the process of developing their attitudes towards government and other social institutions. Data collected in 1999 from the IEA Civic Education Study of 14-year-olds are used to examine trust at three levels — trust in institutions with which individuals have little or no daily contact (those delegated as representatives in institutions such as the national legislature), trust in institutions with whose representatives individuals interact frequently (schools), and trust in other people. First, levels of these three types of trust are compared in six democracies whose levels of political stability vary (French-speaking Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, England and the United States). Second, correlates of individuals' levels of trust (including school climate and experiences with family) are examined. Third, trust, civic knowledge, school experiences, and family variables are used to predict levels of three types of civic or political engagement (voting, conventional political participation that goes beyond voting, and community participation). Levels of trust relate to the stability of democracy in the countries examined and to participation, suggesting a ‘threshold’ of trustworthiness that a political system needs to establish in order to foster civic and political participation in young people. Additionally, different types of civic engagement are influenced differentially by trust and by other aspects of experience in schools.

Published
2004

16. Renal Neoplasia

Author

Carolyn Henry

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Renal neoplasia, Urology, medicine, business
Published
2014

18. International Validation Study for the Determination of Chloramphenicol in Bovine Muscle

Author

Carolyn Henry, John Dreas, Kathleen P Holland, and Robert L Epstein

Subjects
Pharmacology, Chemical ionization, Reproducibility, Chromatography, Chemistry, Chloramphenicol, Repeatability, Mass spectrometry, Analytical Chemistry, medicine, Environmental Chemistry, Gas chromatography, Agronomy and Crop Science, Quantitative analysis (chemistry), Food Science, Antibacterial agent, medicine.drug
Abstract

A gas chromatographic (GC) procedure for the quantitation and GC/negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometric (NICIMS) confirmation of chloramphenicol in calf muscle tissue was the subject of a validation study. Five analysts representing 5 laboratories in 4 countries participated in the quantitative method and analyzed 7 randomly numbered blind triplicates at 4 fortified and 3 incurred tissue concentrations on 3 separate days. The chloramphenicol concentrations ranged from 0 to 2.5 ppb. All data were reported to 3 significant figures. The coefficients of variation were 9.5-28.7% for repeatability and 14.6-38% over the study range for reproducibility. NICIMS data representing 3 laboratories in 3 countries successfully confirmed chloramphenicol in samples at 0.6 ppb or greater with no false positives in blank tissues.

Published
1994

22. Women Widowed in the Disaster: A Psychosocial Perspective

Author

K Sekar and Carolyn Henry Grace

Subjects
Gerontology, Socio demographics, Perspective (graphical), Psychological distress, Psychosocial perspectives in disaster mental health, General Medicine, Descriptive research, Psychology, Psychosocial, Widowed women in disaster
Abstract

This paper is an attempt to bring about the psychosocialaspects of women widowed in the Tsunami disaster inIndia. The research used a descriptive research design. Of214 widows, nearly 107 of them who lost their spouses inthe Tsunami (Study Group) and the women widowedprior to the Tsunami disaster for varied causes (ControlGroup) were interviewed for the study using simplerandom sample technique. Disability AssessmentSchedule (WHO DAS, 2001), Self Reporting Questionnaire(SRQ, WHO, 1994) were used along with semi structuredinterview schedule to gather socio demographic details.The results indicate that the psychological distress andthe disability of the women widowed in the disaster arehigher than the women who were widowed prior to theTsunami. These results guide us to provide psychosocialinterventions to the vulnerable groups of women amongother vulnerable groups in the disaster mental healthprogrammes.

Published
2013

25. Trust in Government-related Institutions and Political Engagement among Adolescents in Six Countries.

Author

Torney-Purta, Judith, Barber, Carolyn Henry, and Richardson, Wendy Klandl

Abstract

The nature and effects of trust in social and political institutions have been studied in adults, but few studies have focused on how trust affects the political socialization of children and adolescents, who are in the process of developing their attitudes towards government and other social institutions. Data collected in 1999 from the IEA Civic Education Study of 14-year-olds are used to examine trust at three levels -- trust in institutions with which individuals have little or no daily contact (those delegated as representatives in institutions such as the national legislature), trust in institutions with whose representatives individuals interact frequently (schools), and trust in other people. First, levels of these three types of trust are compared in six democracies whose levels of political stability vary (French-speaking Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, England and the United States). Second, correlates of individuals' levels of trust (including school climate and experiences with family) are examined. Third, trust, civic knowledge, school experiences, and family variables are used to predict levels of three types of civic or political engagement (voting, conventional political participation that goes beyond voting, and community participation). Levels of trust relate to the stability of democracy in the countries examined and to participation, suggesting a 'threshold' of trustworthiness that a political system needs to establish in order to foster civic and political participation in young people. Additionally, different types of civic engagement are influenced differentially by trust and by other aspects of experience in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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