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O artigo tem como objetivo discorrer sobre algumas questões no tocante ao que o imaginário social concebe como o que ser professor (a). As palavras professor ou professora são sinônimas da palavra docente, que significa aquele que ensina. Etimologicamente, docente descende do latim docere que significa ensinar. Como metodologia, utilizou-se a revisão de literatura para a base teórico-epistemológica por meio da etnografia virtual como mecanismo de busca nas bases: Scielo, Google Acadêmico e Portal de Periódicos da Capes, com os metadados – profissionalidade docente, identidade docente. O artigo tem, portanto, o intuito de reunir e discutir a produção científica mais recente sobre o que o imaginário social concebe sobre a figura do professor e da professora assim como investigar por meio da literatura analisada como o trabalho enquanto categoria se relaciona aos docentes. Reforça-se que é necessário que se teça discussão sobre a profissionalização e a profissionalidade docente para a construção da identidade profissional docente, pois esses profissionais já contam com arcabouço teórico-metodológico próprio adquirido por meio da experiência.

Today, we are living in a polymeric era where thousands of daily used products are manufactured from some polymeric materials with different tasks and under a wide range of ambient conditions, including time duration of loading and working condition temperature. This leads to focusing light spot on behavior of such specific materials and investigating the strain associated with the applied stress to understand both of creep and stress relaxation behavior of the loaded polymeric components. Hence, this chapter deals with the estimation of induced strain allied with the applied force on a polymeric material via establishing the so-called mechanical equivalent models starting from the simple elastic element (spring with a modulus of elasticity E), simple viscous element (damper or dashpot with fluid viscosity η), Maxwell model, Voigt model, modified Maxwell model, modified Voigt model, and Maxwell-Voigt model. The theoretical analysis was built on derivation of the prompted deformation, as a function of time in each of the employed models, as a result of the applied external load (force) and then by depending on Hook’s law transforming the gained expressions into stress (σ) and strain (ε) notation, followed by comparing the obtained equation with the general formula of the Hook’s law to find exact values of the constant and as coefficients of the stress and strain. Final theoretical analysis showed that Maxwell’s modified model was the best describing behavior of a loaded polymeric material to some extent followed by the other models.

Fisiologia térmica de Epictia borapeliotes (Vanzolini, 1996)

Over the years, several studies were published on the application of knitted fabrics in textile composites. However, until moment, neither work studied the structural influence of float stitch (omitted), composition (100% cotton, 50% cotton / 50% polyester and 100% polyester) and length loop (0.98 cm, 0.84 cm and 0.71 cm) on the mechanical properties (stress, MOE and strain) of knitted used in composites. Then, article exhibit a statistical study (full factorial design) using response surface methodology (RSM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to investigate the mechanical behavior of Jersey knitted structures, which in turn, are one of the most used fabrics to reinforce materials textile composites. Cotton yarns are investigated because their use is considered an alternative for ecological reinforcement, as well as for hybrid reinforcement with polyester yarns in polymeric textile composites. Thus, in this investigation approached additional improvements on the tensile properties of Jersey knitted fabric structures. And finally, exhibit response on stress, MOE and strain mechanical behavior through effects of the interactions produced by variables and conditions using mainly determination coefficient (R2), value-F and significance probability (value-ρ). To provide validation of useful conclusions about mechanical behavior of knitted structures.

This investigative work was carry out through a factorial planning, using Design of Experiment (DoE) in order to evaluate the impact performance properties of Kevlar® woven structure impregnated with Non-Newtonian Fluids (NNF). Pull out and drop tower tests were performed. The pull out test showed that Kevlar® strength values with NNF composition 3 were better (10.55 N) when compared to others (1 and 2). The drop tower test showed that woven samples with highest concentration of NNF nanoparticles (3OR) exhibited the best behavior with respect to the penetration depth for P1 (19.5%) and S1 (48.0%) knife blade geometries. Thus, evidencing best residual energy dissipation when compared to the others. Results also showed that the composition (1, 2 and 3) of NNF as well as the orientation of the woven layers can be used to improve impact performance properties. Therefore, the impact protection performance depends on the friction between the yarns (pull out), the knife blade geometry and mainly the composition of the NNF which, in turn, is directly related to the nanoparticle and agent content of silane coupling present in the composition of the Non-Newtonian Fluid. Finally, this study also demonstrates that the use of statistical analysis promoted the improvement for obtaining and effectiveness of the behavior of lightweight impact protection textile structures.

No artigo em questao trazemos as reflexoes de Foucault sobre relacoes de poder, como sao caracterizados os diferentes modos de poder, perpassando pelas formas de forca e disciplina aplicados no ambiente escolar no intuito de caracterizar como as regras se aplicam nesse espaco. Objetivamos com esse estudo identificar as relacoes de poder em Foucault e como elas se manifestam no ambiente escolar. Conforme o pensamento de Foucault, compreendemos que o poder nao existe, o que permanece sao as praticas ou relacoes de poder que se estabelecem na sociedade. Nesse sentindo, abordaremos o aspecto da relacao poder/saber, bem como, da nocao de poder disciplinar, ou seja, como o poder disciplinar e suas praticas disciplinares privilegiam a analise da disciplina como forma do poder, considerando suas caracteristicas de disciplinar e corrigir, assim como a sua importância para o bom funcionamento do espaco escolar como forma de garantir a manutencao do carater formativo/pedagogico que se configura estruturante para a sociedade com mais consistencia teorica e metodologica para fortalecer a postura critico reflexiva. O Estudo e de natureza qualitativo e bibliografico, buscou-se extrair os aspectos relevantes do pensamento de Foucault para a reflexao das relacoes de poder no ambiente escolar. Para respaldar esse estudo buscamos fontes que abordam a tematica, principalmente as obras de Foucault. Sobre o poder abordaremos Vigiar e Punir (1987), assim como A arqueologia do Saber (2004), dentre outros autores e fontes que discutem a tematica. Assim, a pesquisa possibilitou inicialmente perceber que o pensamento de Foucault permite afirmar que, no interior das estrategias disciplinares, a escola encontra-se em uma situacao de identidade a outras instituicoes como prisao, hospital, fabrica. No estudo destacam-se a necessidade da construcao de um novo modelo educativo, que possa ser capaz de criar uma atitude de alteridade frente ao saber e formar sujeitos capazes de romper com as estrategias do poder disciplinar e adotar uma postura de invencao frente ao conhecimento, assim, com base nessas reflexoes esperamos que a educacao seja capaz de instruir os individuos muito mais do que disciplinar.

The present work studied the influence of silane coupling agent in non-Newtonian fluid, in the impact resistance, adhesion and flexibility results. The results of stab performance for Kevlar samples impregnated with silane agent showed results significantly higher than others samples non impregnated, such results are closely associated with the formation of siloxane bonds due to the coupling agent. The impact resistance properties of all samples were tested using drop tower testing, and the flexibility was testes beyond bending angle test. SEM and FTIR analyses were used to verify the chemicals compositions and to evaluate qualitatively the presence of nanoparticles samples. Abrasion test were realized to verify the influence of silane agent of the resistance adhesive of non-Newtonian fluid under samples. The Kevlar samples impregnated with STF and coupling silane presented best flexibility (angle of bending = 30.33°), a significant increase on the dissipation kinetic (penetration depth) in comparing to the others and resistance adhesive of non-Newtonian fluid under samples. Therefore, practically this property remained unalterable in relation to Kevlar samples with STF and Kevlar control. Keywords: Impact, Adhesion, Shear thickening fluids

Este artigo aborda as Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC), especificamente o uso da internet no aplicativo WhatsApp, inseridos no contexto das tecnologias de informação e comunicação. O artigo tem como foco analisar de que modo essas tecnologias, em especifico o aplicativo WhatsApp estão influenciando na comunicação linguística, diária, informativa, educacional etc. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura (2000-2016) sobre o assunto, analisando as produções disponíveis em algumas bases de dados acerca da temática no contexto educativo. Para esse objetivo, analisou-se 13 trabalhos disponíveis online (SciELO, Google Acadêmico, Biblioteca Digital Nacional, JSTOR, Portal de Periódicos Capes e Domínio Público) nos quais foram encontrados estudos empíricos e/ou teóricos sobre o uso da internet no aplicativo WhatsApp no contexto educacional. Os resultados mostram uma quantidade maior de trabalhos bibliográficos, grosso modo, mostram como a internet atrelada ao WhatsApp pode ser utilizado no espaço escolar. A metodologia discorre sobre a revisão sistemática de literatura, indicando os procedimentos para a tessitura deste artigo. Seguiu-se com o estabelecimento da relação dos dados encontrados com a educação. Abordou-se, portanto, a influência das TDIC na escola e as suas implicâncias para os envolvidos no contexto escolar. Espera-se que o presente trabalho possa contribuir significativamente para o campo de estudo das tecnologias educacionais no contexto escolar e acadêmico.

The purpose of this study was to compare the hemodynamic effects of four different combinations of midazolam and opioids in healthy dogs. Twenty-four healthy dogs were divided in four groups (n=6) using intramuscular midazolam 0.3 mg/kg and morphine 0.3 mg/kg (GMOR), methadone 0.3 mg/kg (GMET), butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg (GBUT) or fentanyl 5 ug/kg (GFEN). Cardiovascular variables were recorded before (TB) and 20 minutes following drug administration (T20) and comprised arterial blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac index. Subsequently, left ventricular work index and total peripheral resistance index were calculated using the previous variables. At the end of the study, data were compared using analysis of variance followed by Tukey test and Friedman followed by Dunn test, all under 5% significance. No differences were found on cardiovascular variables at all times among the groups, which indicates that all combinations provide hemodynamic stability for clinical sedation of healthy dogs. However, a few animals showed paradoxical excitation in GBUT. In conclusion, the association of midazolam with morphine, methadone, butorphanol or fentanyl provides cardiovascular stability and can be used to sedate dogs undergoing cardiovascular examination, although caution is warranted with the use of midazolam with butorphanol due to possible paradoxical excitation.

Phenolic resins today have caught the attention of researchers and academics making it highly acclaimed among resins. Mainly its use with fibrous reinforcements (bast fibers, core fibers, leaf fibers, seed fibers and fruit fibers), thus, reinforced phenolic composite can be manufactured by a variety of phenolic resins classes. Which promote improvement of mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact. Natural fiber reinforced phenolic resins are widely used to replace denser, environmentally polluting materials that have mainly lower mechanical properties. However, the importance of natural fibers (vegetable, animal and mineral fibers) incorporated into a matrix of phenolic resins (thermosetting) was emphasized, since long or short natural fibers when incorporated into phenolic resins. This book chapter promotes the enlargement of the frontier of knowledge about phenolic matrix composites (thermosetting composite) and thus presents a perspective of natural fibers based phenolic composites (use of natural fibers as reinforcement and their different classifications will be discussed).

Phenolic substances were the first thermosetting resins to be manufactured and marketed worldwide. These are produced from synthetic components that can be made from the chemical reaction process called polycondensation. In addition, this resin can be further cured by forming covalent crosslinking bonds in the process of forming composites based on fibrous materials. It is undeniable that phenolic resin and its derivatives when combined with fibrous materials enable the development of a wide variety of products. In this chapter 1 we will briefly discuss the use and types of Phenolic resin and its derivatives, the classification of thermoset matrices as well as the importance of phenolic matrix and its applications in composites. Phenolic resins can be divided into novolac and resol (polybenzoxazine, bisphenol A, bisphenol F are the major ones). Since phenolic resins are incorporated by fibers, they favor the high performance (stress, Flexural, heat resistance, MOE, strain and tenacity) and longitudinal mechanical behavior of phenolic composites.

Knitting is a very important textile sector in the area of technological development and also for the economy. The knitted have special characteristics that allow their use in different situations. To use them with better use, it is important to know what these properties are and so apply them for a particular purpose. This work investigates several types of knitted 100% cotton and blend 67% cotton/33% polyester and evaluates its behavior when subjected to mechanical analysis (friction, abrasion, and traction) under the respective standards ASTM D 4970 adapted to ISO 12945-2 and ASTM D 5034. The obtained results show that, for the mechanical properties analyzed, the types of loops present in the structure and the composition of the knitted are fundamental factors for optimizing stress and strain as well as reducing mass loss and the propensity to pilling formation. The double piquet structures have a higher sensitivity to the tests, especially when we insert the polyester synthetic polymer that significantly alters the mechanical behavior.

The present work studied the reuse of sisal fiber powder, contaminated by industrial oil, resulting from the activities of a Brazilian textile industry. With the objective of reusing the contaminated sisal fiber powder residue, harmful to the environment, this work evaluate the potential of the use this sisal powder as reinforcement in composites. Natural fibre reinforced polymer composites became more attractive structural materials due to their high specific strength, lightweight and biodegradability properties. The mechanical behaviour of polyester resin based natural polymeric composites, made by using experimental planning (granulometry of sisal powder, fiber content and with or without styrene). Thus, combination of analysis of variance (ANOVA), response surface methodology (RSM) and experimental methods allowed evaluated, analyzed and validated the mechanical properties. The results obted showed that the waste from the sisal industry exhibits potential application in reinforcing composite materials Thus, different values of mechanical properties can be obtained by different interactions of the entry variables. Thus, the condition that exhibited high results of mechanical behavior independent of the addition of styrene were the particle size and fiber content 1680 μm and 2.5%, respectively. Therefore, the best results were stress (0.59 MPa), strain (5.68%), tenacity (2.01 E-05 MJ/m³) and energy at break (14 J) for the composite reinforced with sisal powder. Keywords: Sisal fiber, Waste reuse, Mechanical properties, Design of experiments, ANOVA

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2018-07-04T15:35:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Caroliny Santos Lima.pdf: 4998190 bytes, checksum: 46e49321d3b80424dfabee275c249c24 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-04T15:35:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caroliny Santos Lima.pdf: 4998190 bytes, checksum: 46e49321d3b80424dfabee275c249c24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-21 The present study deals with the theme: CHILDREN PHILOSOPHY: a methodological proposal of teaching in the light of Matthew Lipman, this research is born within the Postgraduate Program in Management of Basic Education – PPGEEB, Professional Master of the Federal University of Maranhão– UFMA, for this, we have a general objective: to construct a methodological proposal of teaching Philosophy for children in the light of Matthew Lipman in the perspective of forming a student who develops an education for thinking. And as specific objectives: To understand that theoretical and methodological conceptions of the teaching of Philosophy materialized in the form of themes transversal to the school that will be investigated possesses; To apprehend how the Basic Education Unit Henrique de La Roque Almeida can articulate child and Philosophy teaching; Elaborate a product that can meet the pedagogical and philosophical proposal of Matthew Lipman in the Basic Education Unit Henrique de La Roque. Following this delimitation, the research was characterized as being an intervention and for using the action-research methodology having as a delimitation the space of the UEB Henrique de La Roque Almeida, in the 3rd year of the 1st Cycle of Elementary Education. The subjects for the research were: teachers, parents and students. In this course, we develop the theoretical reference, making the relationship between Philosophy and childhood, its legal aspects and characteristics. We then proceed to the theoretical assumptions studied by Matthew Lipman, addressing the influences that Socrates, Charles Pierce, Vygotsky, and John Dewey had on their Philosophy for Children proposal. We also talked about the creator of the proposal, his life and what propelled him to create his program and methodology based on a research community. In order to direct the intervention, we draw the methodological steps for the analysis and interpretations of the subjects in light of the theoretical and methodological axes established along the same path, in this way of the pedagogical intervention we use the research instruments such as observations, interviews, focus groups, questionnaires and interventions in the classroom until reaching the product of the pedagogical intervention, the Notebook of Didactic Orientations. Having said this, we realize that Philosophy is the ideal space for the development of philosophical investigations. O presente estudo aborda a temática: CRIANÇAS FILOSOFANDO: uma proposta metodológica de ensino à luz de Matthew Lipman. Essa pesquisa nasce no seio do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão de Ensino da Educação Básica – PPGEEB, Mestrado Profissional da Universidade Federal do Maranhão – UFMA. Para essa dimensão, objetivamos de forma geral: construir uma proposta metodológica de ensino de Filosofia para crianças à luz de Matthew Lipman na perspectiva de formar um estudante que desenvolva uma educação para o pensar. Como objetivos específicos buscamos compreender que concepções teóricas e metodológicas do ensino de Filosofia materializadas em forma de temas transversais a escola que será investigada possui; assim como, apreender como a Unidade de Educação Básica Henrique de La Roque Almeida articula criança e ensino de Filosofia. Ademais, elaboramos um produto que possa atender a proposta pedagógica e filosófica de Matthew Lipman na Unidade de Educação Básica Henrique de La Roque. Seguindo essa delimitação, a pesquisa caracterizou-se como intervenção por utilizar passos metodológicos da pesquisa-ação tendo como delimitação o espaço da UEB Henrique de La Roque Almeida, no 3º ano do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Fundamental. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram: professores, pais e alunos. Nesse percurso, desenvolvemos o referencial teórico, fazendo a relação entre a Filosofia e a infância, seus aspectos legais e características. Em seguida, partimos para os pressupostos teóricos estudados por Matthew Lipman, abordando as influências que Sócrates, Charles Pierce, Vygotsky e John Dewey tiveram sobre sua proposta de Filosofia para Crianças. Discorremos, ainda, sobre o criador da proposta, sua vida e o que o impulsionou a criar o seu programa e a metodologia pautada em uma comunidade de investigação. Para encaminhar a intervenção, traçamos os passos metodológicos para as análises e interpretações dos sujeitos à luz dos eixos teórico-metodológicos firmados ao longo da mesma. Nesse caminho da intervenção pedagógica, usamos os instrumentos de pesquisa como as observações, entrevistas, grupo focal, questionários e intervenções em sala até chegar ao produto da intervenção pedagógica: o Caderno de Orientações Didáticas. Dito isso, percebemos que a Filosofia é o espaço ideal para o desenvolvimento de investigações filosóficas.

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma alternativa de reutilização do gás produzido pelo lixo, por meio da construção de um biodigestor, visando a preservação do meio ambiente por meio de energia renovável. A energia produzida por esse sistema, obtida da decomposição do lixo orgânico, é o biogás, formado por gases, tais como o metano (CH4) e o dióxido de carbono (CO2). Esse experimento verifica a possibilidade de utilizar o gás metano como alternativa para o funcionamento de um fogão doméstico.