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O principal objetivo do tratamento endodôntico é alcançar um ambiente livre de bactérias por meio das soluções irrigantes, preparo biomecânico e medicações intracanais. O hidróxido de cálcio é amplamente utilizado como medicação intracanal por apresentar propriedades antimicrobianas e biológicas adequadas ao tratamento endodôntico, normalmente associado a um veículo que permita sua inserção nos canais radiculares. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana do hidróxido de cálcio associada a diferentes veículos sobre biofilme de Enterococus faecalis. Foram confeccionados 90 espécimes de dentina, que permaneceram em placas contendo meio de cultura inoculado com Enterococus faecalis para permitir a formação de biofilme. Decorridos 21 dias, os espécimes foram lavados em solução salina e transferidos para uma nova placa onde as medicações com os diferentes veículos a serem testados foram colocados sobre o biofilme. As placas de cultura foram deixadas em estufa a 37°C por 7, 14 e 21 dias. Espécimes sem aplicação de medicação foram utilizados como controle para cada tempo experimental. Após cada tempo experimental de contato com os veículos, os espécimes foram lavados em solução salina, agitados em vortex, diluídos e plaqueadas em triplicata em meio de cultura específicos. As unidades formadoras de colônias foram contadas e analisadas estatisticamente (p

O agregado de trióxido mineral (MTA) é muito utilizado na endodontia por estimular a formação de tecido mineralizado e por apresentar atividade antimicrobiana contra bactérias orais. Porém, apresenta desvantagens como descoloração do elemento dental e dificuldade de manipulação, fatores que estimulam o desenvolvimento de novos materiais como o Bio-C Repair. O Bio-C Repair e MTA são materiais reparadores utilizados em situações de selamentos de perfurações, onde a formação de um biofilme pode levar à perda do elemento dental. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a adesão microbiana do Enterococcus faecalis sobre os materiais reparadores. Para isso, oito discos (1x1mm) de cada material (MTA, Bio-C Repair, Cimento de Ionômero de Vidro e Resina) foram preparados, de acordo com o fabricante, e colocados em placas contendo inóculo de E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) à 37ºC em estufa no período de 7 dias, para induzir a formação de biofilme. Após o tempo experimental (7 dias), os discos foram lavados em solução salina, agitados em vortex, diluídos e inoculadas em placa petri contendo meio de M-Enterococcus em triplicada para a avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana. As unidades formadoras de colônia foram contadas e submetidas a análise estatisticamente. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença estatística na adesão microbiana entre o MTA e o Bio-C Repair, aceitando a hipótese nula, porém, ambos os materiais apresentaram uma superfície regular, mas não uniforme o que poderia explicar a adesão microbiana. Diante desses resultados, o Bio-C Repair apresenta o mesmo comportamento microbiano que o MTA. COMPARISON OF MICROBIAL ADHESION ON DIFFERENT SEALANTS FOR ROOT CANAL PERFORATIONS ABSTRACT Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is widely used in endodontics as it stimulates the formation of mineralized tissue and for presenting antimicrobial activity against oral bacteria. However, it has some disadvantages such as dental element discoloration and it is difficult to manipulate, factors that stimulate the development of new fillings such as Bio-C Repair. Bio-C Repair and MTA are repair aids used in perforation sealing situations, where the formation of a biofilm may result in the loss of the dental element. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial adhesion of Enterococcus faecalis on repair materials. For this purpose, eight discs (1x1mm) of each filling material (MTA, Bio-C Repair, Glass Ionomer Cement and Resin) were prepared as prescribed by the manufacturer and placed on plates containing inoculum of E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) at 37ºC in an incubator for 7 days to induce biofilm formation. Subsequent to the experimental time (7 days), the discs were washed in saline, vortex-stirred, diluted, and inoculated into petri dishes containing M-Enterococcus culture medium in triplicate for the evaluation of antimicrobial activity. The colony forming units were counted and statistically analyzed. The results revealed that there was no statistical difference in microbial adhesion between MTA and Bio-C Repair, accepting the null hypothesis, however, both filling materials presented a regular but not uniform surface which may explain microbial adhesion. In view of these results, Bio-C Repair presented the same microbial behavior as MTA. Keywords: Endodontics. Mineral trioxide. Bio-C Repair. Enterococcus faecalis.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana do hidróxido de cálcio (HC) associada a nanopartículas de prata (Ag-NPs) sobre biofilme de Enterococus faecalis. 144 espécimes de dentina foram inoculadas em placas contendo meio de cultura com E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) para a formação de biofilme. As medicações foram preparadas na proporção de 1:1 de HC e soro estéril e, em seguida, pesada e adicionada às concentrações de Ag-NPs 2,5%, 5% e 10%. Decorridos 14 dias, os espécimes foram lavados, transferidos para uma nova placa onde as medicações foram colocadas sobre o biofilme e deixados em estufa a 37°C por 2, 7 e 14 dias. Espécimes sem tratamento foram usados como controle negativo. Após cada tempo experimental, os espécimes foram lavados, agitados, diluídos e plaqueados em triplicata em M-Enterococcus. As unidades formadoras de colônia foram contadas e analisadas estatisticamente (p

O tratamento endodôntico tem como um dos seus objetivos eliminar microrganismos presentes no sistema de canais radiculares através da ação física dos instrumentos e química das soluções irrigadoras e medicação intracanal. Entretanto, alguns microrganismos como Enterococcus faecalis podem resistir ao tratamento endodôntico. Assim, o uso de cimentos endodônticos com atividade antimicrobiana pode ajudar a eliminar microrganismos resistentes. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana e pH dos cimentos endodônticos: Ah plus, Acroseal, Sealer 26 e Sealapex. Para o teste de atividade antimicrobiana, quatro placas de BHI Agar foram preparadas, 50ul do inóculo de Enterococcus faecalis foi adicionada por técnica de esgotamento, em seguida, os cimentos foram colocados em poços e o halo de inibição foi medido nos períodos experimentais (2, 7 e 14 dias). Para o teste de pH, tubos de polietileno foram cortados e preenchidos com os cimentos, em seguida, foram colocados em 5ml de água deionizada em mantidos a 37ºC por 2, 7 e 14 dias, após cada período experimental, os pH foram mensurados com phgâmetro. Os dados foram analisados usando modelo ANOVA e Shapiro-Wilk, com nível de significância de 5%. A comparação entre os materiais revelou que os cimentos Sealapex e Selaer 26 apresentaram os maiores valores de pH em todos os períodos avaliados, logo, apresentam maior ação antibacteriana também, seguidos do Acroseal e Ah Plus. Os cimentos promoveram significativo aumento de pH, mas nenhum foi capaz de eliminar completamente as bactérias. Concluímos com o presente estudo que o empenho de um cimento, para a finalidade de ação antimicrobiana, é atribuído a sua capacidade de manter o pH elevado no meio alcalino.

This double-blind crossover study assessed the effects of a low-fluoride (low-F) dentifrice containing nanosized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel demineralization in situ. Nineteen subjects wore palatal appliances containing 4 blocks of bovine enamel and were randomly assigned to brush their teeth with placebo (without F/TMP), 250-ppm F (250F), 250F plus 0.05% nanosized TMP (250F-TMPnano), and 1,100-ppm F (1,100F) dentifrices during 7 d, under cariogenic challenge. Enamel surface hardness and cross-sectional hardness (ΔKHN [Knoop hardness number]), as well as F, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) concentrations, were determined. Also, biofilm that formed on the blocks was analyzed for F, Ca, P, and insoluble extracellular polysaccharide concentrations. Data were submitted to analysis-of-variance models and Student-Newman-Keuls test ( P < 0.05). The 250F-TMPnano dentifrice promoted the lowest ΔKHN among all groups ( P < 0.001), while the percentage of surface hardness loss was similar to 1,100F. Also, similar F, Ca, and P concentrations in enamel were observed for 1,100F and 250F-TMPnano. In the biofilm, the highest F content was observed for 1,100F; Ca content was similar between 1,100F and 250F-TMPnano; and P content was similar among all groups. Similar extracellular polysaccharide values were observed for 250F-TMPnano and 1,100F ( P < 0.001), ionic activity of CaHPO40, CaF+, and HF0 ( P < 0.05) and degree of saturation of hydroxyapatite and CaF2 ( P < 0.05). It was concluded that the protective effect of 250F-TMPnano dentifrice was similar to a conventional dentifrice for most of the variables studied, having a more pronounced effect on the subsurface lesion when compared with the conventional toothpaste (1,100F). Knowledge Transfer Statement: Although toothpastes containing ≥1,000-ppm fluoride are more effective than low-fluoride formulations against dental caries, their early use can lead to side effects. This has prompted intensive research on alternatives to increase the anticaries effect of low-fluoride toothpastes. The present in situ study demonstrated that the addition of sodium trimetaphosphate nanoparticles to toothpastes containing 250-ppm fluoride significantly enhances the protective effect of this formulation against enamel demineralization to levels comparable to a 1,100-ppm fluoride toothpaste in terms of most of the variables studied. Most important, this formulation promoted the lowest loss of subsurface hardness among all groups, suggesting that caries lesions would take longer to develop under clinical conditions when compared with a conventional (1,100-fluoride) toothpaste.

A cárie dentária altera a morfologia e funcionalidade dos elementos dentários acometidos. Os danos causados pelas lesões cariosas podem ser reparados através de técnicas restauradoras utilizando materiais adequados para cada caso. O cimento de ionômero de vidro é considerado o material de escolha para diversos procedimentos clí­nicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar in vitro a influência do protetor de superfí­cie na adesão bacteriana aos cimentos de ionômeros de vidro Ketac Molar, Vitremer e Fuji II LC. Para realização do estudo in vitro, foram confeccionados espécimes de cada material que permaneceram em frascos contendo meio de cultura inoculado com Streptococcus muttans para permitir a adesão desses microrganismos ao material. Após o perí­odo de incubação, os espécimes foram colocados em outro frasco contendo solução salina, que foi agitado em vórtex para permitir a liberação das células aderidas e, então, essa solução foi diluí­da sequencialmente e plaqueada em meio de cultura para realização da contagem das células aderidas. Os dados foram apresentados em UFC/mL. Os dados que não se mostraram normais e homogêneos foram submetidos ao teste de Mann-Whitney Rank Sum e os dados normais e homogêneos foram submetidos ao teste Kruskal-Wallis One Way Analysis of Variance. O ní­vel de significância foi de 5%. Os resultados mostraram que a aplicação do material protetor de superfície aumentou a adesão de microrganismos para os grupos Filtek Z-350 e Ketac Molar. Pode-se concluir que a aplicação do material protetor de superfí­cie não foi capaz de reduzir a adesão de S. muttans às superfícies de Cimentos Ionômero de Vidro - CIVs.

To analyse the local regulatory mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis during the progression of periapical lesions in female rats with oestrogen deficiency and treatment with raloxifene (RLX).Female Wistar rats were distributed into groups: SHAM-veh, subjected to sham surgery and treated with a vehicle; OVX-veh, subjected to ovary removal and treated with a vehicle; and OVX-RLX, subjected to ovary removal and treated with RLX. Vehicle or RLX was administered orally for 90 days. During treatment, the dental pulp of mandibular first molars was exposed to the oral environment for induction of periapical lesions, which were analysed after 7 and 30 days. After the experimental periods, blood samples were collected for measurement of oestradiol, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase. The rats were euthanized and the mandibles removed and processed for immunohistochemical detection of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP). Data were compared using Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn test (nonparametric values) and anova followed by the Tukey's test (parametric values).The plasma concentration of oestradiol showed hypo-oestrogenism in the rats subjected to ovary removal. On day 7, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium and phosphorus were higher in the OVX-RLX group than in the OVX-veh group (P0.001), but immunolabelling for RANKL and HIF-1α was lower in OVX-RLX group (P0.001). On day 30, the OVX-veh group had higher immunolabelling for RANKL than the OVX-RLX group (P0.05). There were no significant differences in the immunoreactivity of OPG and BALP between any groups at either time-point (P0.05).RLX therapy reversed the increased levels of the local regulators of both osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis induced by oestrogen deficiency.

Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of endodontic regenerative procedures combining an induced blood clot, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and bone marrow aspirate (BMA) to regenerate dental pulp in canine closed-apex necrotic teeth. Methods Apical periodontitis was induced in 20 upper and lower premolars of 2 dogs. After biomechanical preparation, enlargement to a #60 file, and disinfection with a triantibiotic paste for 28 days, the roots were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups: blood clot (BC), BC + PRP gel, BC + BMA gel, and BC + BMA/PRP gel. Negative controls were also included. After a 3-month follow-up period, the animals were killed. Results Histologic analysis showed the presence of newly formed vital tissues (connective, cement-like, and bone-like tissue) in 23 of the 32 treated roots (71.87%). There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups. Conclusions New vital tissues were formed and characterized as connective, cementum-like, or bone-like, but not as pulp-like tissue; PRP and/or BMA did not improve the tissue ingrowth.

(DE–RE) solutions used in pH cycling. The fluoride concentration in the enamel was determined 24 h after application of the products as loosely bound fluoride and firmly bound fluoride. Results. Higher deposits of loosely bound fluoride were observed for Duofluorid, followed by Biophat. For Duraphat, Bifluorid, Duraflur, and Duofluorid, no difference was observed in the SH1 and DKHN values, with the lowest mineral loss compared to the other groups. The Bifluorid and Duofluorid groups released high fluoride amounts into the DE–RE, and statistically significant difference was noted between them. Conclusions. The anticaries effect showed no correlation with higher deposited fluoride amounts, resin type, or fluoride source.

– The aim of this study was to evaluate the rat subcutaneous tissue reaction to implanted polyethylene tubes filled with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) FILLAPEX® compared to the reaction to tubes filled with Sealapex® or Angelus MTA®. These materials were placed in polyethylene tubes and implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of Wistar rats for 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or Von Kossa or left unstained for examination under polarized light. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the reaction were performed. All materials caused moderate reactions after 7 days, which decreased with time. The reactions were moderate and similar to that evoked by the control and Sealapex® on the 15th day. MTA FILLAPEX® and Angelus MTA caused mild reactions beginning after 15 days. Mineralization and granulation birefringent to polarized light were observed with all materials. It was concluded that MTA FILLAPEX® was biocompatible and stimulated mineralization.

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the rat alveolar bone response after the implantation of experimental light-cured mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or Angelus MTA (Angelus, Londrina, Parana, Brazil) by histological and fluorescence analysis. Methods Thirty Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups. In the control group, empty polyethylene tubes were inserted into the rat alveolar sockets immediately after extraction. In the other groups, the tubes were filled with light-cured MTA or Angelus MTA. Five animals from each group were injected with calcein on day 7, alizarin on day 14, and oxytetracycline on day 21. On day 30, these animals were killed, and the right hemimaxillas were removed and histologically processed. Half of the maxillas were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The remaining maxillas were processed for fluorescence analysis and stained with Stevenel blue and alizarin red. New bone was histomorphometrically evaluated using a Merz grid. Results The light-cured MTA presented a similar response when compared with Angelus MTA; it was characterized by a mild inflammatory response and complete bone healing. In the light-cured MTA group, the fluorescence areas were more evident at 21 days, showing an increase in bone formation. However, dystrophic mineralization was observed only with Angelus MTA. Conclusions It was concluded that both materials present a similar inflammatory response and bone healing, but dystrophic mineralization was observed only with Angelus MTA.

Introduction Nanomaterials have been used to create new consumer products as well as applications for life sciences and biotechnology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue response to implanted polyethylene tubes filled with fibrin sponge embedded with silver nanoparticles dispersion. Methods Thirty rats received individually 4 polyethylene tubes filled with sponge embedded in 47 ppm, 23 ppm silver nanoparticles dispersion, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, or with no embedding as control. The observation periods were 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days. After each period of time, 6 animals were killed, and the tubes and surrounding tissue were removed, fixed, and prepared to be analyzed in light microscope with glycol methacrylate embedding, 3-μm serial cutting, and hematoxylin-eosin stain. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the reactions were performed. Results Both materials caused moderate reactions at 7 days. The response was similar to the control on the 15th day with 23 ppm silver nanoparticles dispersion and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and on the 30th day with 47 ppm silver nanoparticles dispersion. Conclusions It was possible to conclude that silver nanoparticles dispersion was biocompatible especially in a lower concentration.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:46:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:20:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1806-83242016000100228.pdf: 197041 bytes, checksum: 8b1106ba99ea70e18c0608999131e13d (MD5) Enterococcus faecalis are gram positive bacteria that can mostly resist endodontic therapy, inducing persistent infection in the root canal system. Endodontic sealers with antimicrobial activity may help eliminate residual microorganisms that survive endodontic treatment. The present study aimed at comparing the antimicrobial activity of Acroseal, Sealapex and AH Plus endodontic sealers in an in vitro biofilm model. Bovine dentin specimens (144) were prepared, and twelve blocks for each sealer and each experimental time point (2, 7 and 14 days) were placed and left in contact with plates containing inoculum of E. faecalis (ATCC 51299), to induce biofilm formation. After 14 days, the samples were transferred to another plate with test sealers and kept at 37 degrees C and 5% CO2 for 2, 7 and 14 days. The specimens without sealers were used as a control for each period. The samples were agitated in a sonicator after each experiment. The suspensions were agitated in a vortex mixer, serially diluted in saline, and triple plated onto m-Enterococcus agar. Colonyforming units were counted, and the data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis one-way tests (p < 0.05) to determine antimicrobial potential. Sealapex showed significant differences at all the experimental time points, in comparison with all the other groups. AH Plus and Acroseal showed antimicrobial activity only on the 14th experimental day. Neither of the sealers tested were able to completely eliminate the biofilm. Sealapex showed the highest antimicrobial activity in all the experimental periods. The antimicrobial activity of all the sealers analyzed increased over time. Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Aracatuba Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, Aracatuba, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Aracatuba Sch Dent, Dept Pediat Dent, Aracatuba, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Aracatuba Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, Aracatuba, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Aracatuba Sch Dent, Dept Pediat Dent, Aracatuba, SP, Brazil

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:22:28Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:40:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-34548779613.pdf: 36016 bytes, checksum: 1c4b49acb881da0ec702b258320bbdeb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:22:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-05-01 The increasing consumption of juices, soft drinks and teas among children has increased significantly fluoride ingestion at the age range of risk for development of dental fluorosis. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate fluoride concentrations in some brands of industrialized beverages consumed by children in the city of Bauru, SP, Brazil. Material and Methods: 98 brands of beverages were analyzed, divided into 3 lots, comprising 36, 32 and 30 brands, respectively, for the first, second and third lots. Fluoride concentrations were determined by HMDS-facilitated diffusion, using a fluoride ion-specific electrode (Orion 9409). Results: Fluoride concentrations ranged between 0.04 and 1.76 μg F/mL. It was observed a wide variation in fluoride concentrations among the different brands, as well as the different lots of the same brand. There was no information on fluoride concentrations on the labels of any product. Conclusions: Some of the products analyzed could contribute significantly to the total fluoride intake and, thus, be important risk factors for development of dental fluorosis, which indicates the need of controlling the production of these beverages with respect to fluoride concentration. Araçatuba Dental School São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, SP Bauru School of Dentistry University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP , A. Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, 17012-901 Bauru, SP Araçatuba Dental School São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, SP

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:21:55Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:45:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-33745643579.pdf: 45033 bytes, checksum: 7dee5a7e4a45a999306123c600bc084c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:21:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-07-06 Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the fluoride concentration in the public water supply and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in schoolchildren between 7 and 15 years old, living in a peripheral district of the municipality of Bauru. Material and Methods: For this, fifty two water samples were collected on three different days of one week. These samples were analyzed for fluoride by means of the ion-sensitive electrode method (Orion 9609) coupled to a potentiometer (Procyon, model 720). In this method, 1.0 mL of TISAB II (Orion) was added to 1.0 mL of the sample. For the epidemiological survey of fluorosis, 52 schoolchildren of both genders, aged between 7 and 15 were assessed, with prior authorization from their caretakers. Only one person examined the children, after supervised toothbrushing and drying with cotton wool rolls. The TF index was used. Results: The fluoride concentrations in the water samples ranged from 0.62 to 1.20 mg/L, with a mean of 0.9 mg/L. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 33%, with severity ranging from TF1 to TF4 (Kappa of 0.73 and concordance of 83.33%). Conclusions: The results from the analysis of water samples indicated a fluoride concentration greater than recommended for Bauru. The fluorosis levels found were higher than expected for a peripheral district, in which water is one of the few sources of fluoride. Bauru Dental School University of São Paulo Public Health School University of São Paulo Faculty of Sciences São Paulo State University Araçatuba Dental School São Paulo State University Institute of Chemistry University of São Paulo Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru Área de Bioquímica, A. Dr. O. Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Cep.: 17. 012-901 Bauru SP Faculty of Sciences São Paulo State University Araçatuba Dental School São Paulo State University

Dente supranumerário é definido como distúrbio de desenvolvimento caracterizado pela presença de um ou mais elementos dentários fora do número considerado normal. A prevalência é maior na dentição permanente, na maxila, sendo o sexo masculino mais acometido. A ocorrência de dentes supranumerários pode gerar diversas complicações, entre elas a impactação de dentes permanentes. A sua presença é assintomática, sendo usualmente diagnosticados em exames radiográficos de rotina. O objetivo deste estudo foi abordar a importância do tema e apresentar um caso clínico de exodontia de dente supranumerário. Paciente compareceu à clínica com queixa de ausência do dente 21. Ao exame clínico observou-se a presença do seu homólogo, dente 11, e dos incisivos laterais (dentes 12 e 22). As hipóteses diagnósticas eram: agenesia do dente 21, presença de lesão impedindo a erupção do dente ou a presença de um dente supranumerário. O exame radiográfico mostrou a presença de um dente, com coroa de forma não convencional e raiz incompletamente formada, no longo eixo da coroa do dente 21. Diante das características clínicas e radiográficas encontradas, o diagnóstico clínico foi de um dente supranumerário. O tratamento proposto foi a exodontia. O tratamento cirúrgico possibilitou a remoção do dente supranumerário procedimento de extrema relevância na prevenção de problemas oclusais e resolução de problemas já instalados. Cada caso deve ser conduzido da forma mais adequada com a intenção de minimizar as complicações dessa condição no desenvolvimento da dentição do paciente. Por isso faz-se necessário o devido acompanhamento e observação periódica de casos de dentes supranumerários.

Dentes com rizogênese incompleta que sofreram necrose foram por muitos anos tratados por apicificação, que consistia em trocas de hidróxido de cálcio até a formação de um tecido mineralizado no ápice do dente e, então, a obturação do canal. Atualmente, uma nova técnica vem sendo proposta para dentes necróticos imaturos, a regeneração pulpar. Entretanto, um dos desafios das técnicas regenerativas é conseguir um ambiente livre de microrganismos e a desinfecção para esses casos vem sendo realizada com uma pasta triantibiótica (TAP). A TAP é uma mistura de metronidazol, ciprofloxacina e minociclina, que tem mostrado eficácia contra patógenos comuns de infecções endodônticas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo é verificar a atividade microbiana de pasta triantibiótica por meio de uma revisão de literatura. Dessa forma, pode-se observar que os poucos artigos encontrados sobre a atividade antimicrobiana da TAP mostraram a sua eficácia, apesar das diferentes metodologias e concentrações aplicadas. Concluímos que a pasta triantibiótica apresenta atividade antimicrobiana contra patógenos comuns na infecção endodôntica, no entanto, mais trabalhos são necessários para que uma concentração eficaz seja estabelecida antes de sua indicação clínica.

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of raloxifene (RLX) during progression of periapical lesions in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Methods Female Wistar rats were OVX or subjected to sham surgery and received vehicle or RLX by gavage for 90 days. The treatment groups were as follows: sham surgery and treated with vehicle (SHAM-veh), OVX and treated with vehicle (OVX-veh), and OVX and treated with RLX (OVX-RLX). During treatment, the pulp of lower first molar was exposed to the oral environment for induction of periapical lesion that was analyzed 7 or 30 days after procedure. Blood samples were taken from jugular vein for measurement of estradiol, and the mandibles were removed and prepared for radiographic, histopathologic, histometric, and immunohistochemical analysis. Results Estradiol plasma concentration showed hypoestrogenism in OVX rats. The histopathologic analysis of the OVX/RLX group was similar to that of the SHAM-veh group, whereas OVX-veh group showed larger periapical lesions with more intense inflammatory response and more cells positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. Radiographically, the groups were similar, but lesions on day 7 were smaller than lesions on day 30. Conclusions The results suggest that hypoestrogenism potentiates the progression of periapical lesions, and such condition was reversed by treatment with RLX.

Introduction Recently, case reports have shown that immature teeth diagnosed with necrotic pulp and periapical periodontitis can be repaired through a regenerative endodontic procedure. True regeneration depends on the presence of stem cells in the remaining vital tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histologic condition of the pulp tissue, root apical papilla, and periapical tissues after inducing endodontic infection in immature rat teeth for different periods. Methods This study evaluated 18 first upper rat molars (36 roots). Periapical lesions were induced and were confirmed radiographically, and the animals were divided into 3 groups according to the days of pulp exposure for endodontic infection induction: 30, 60, and 90 days. Histologic analysis was performed in 5 different areas (ie, cervical, middle, and apical root canal thirds; the apical papilla; and the periapex surrounding the apical papilla). Results At 30 days, one third of the specimens still showed vital but intensely inflamed pulp tissue in the apical third and vital apical papilla with varying degrees of inflammation. After 60 days, the results were similar with respect to the apical pulp tissue and apical papilla. Completely necrotic pulp tissue in the space canal and vital apical papilla were observed in about 67% of the cases after 90 days. Conclusions Vital pulp tissue was observed in the apical third until 60 days and in the vital apical papilla until 90 days of infection in a rat model.

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:29:06Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:32:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-84880060327.pdf: 1972274 bytes, checksum: 39487747b1a0ff7d6d8af6b9974dc228 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:29:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-05-01 Some manufacturers have recently added specific components to improve the ease of handling and insertion material properties of MTA in order to create MTA-based sealers. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing of periapical lesions in canine teeth after a single session of endodontic treatment with MTA Fillapex® compared with Sealapex® or Endo-CPM-Sealer®. Material and Methods: Sixty-two root canals were performed on two 1-year-old male dogs. After coronal access and pulp extirpation, the canals were exposed to the oral cavity for 6 months in order to induce periapical lesions. The root canals were prepared, irrigated with a solution of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and filled with gutta-percha and different sealers, according to the following groups: 1) Sealapex®; 2) Endo-CPM-Sealer®; and 3) MTA Fillapex®. Some teeth with periapical lesions were left untreated for use as positive controls. Healthy teeth were used as negative controls. After 6 months, the animals were sacrificed and serial sections from the roots were prepared for histomorphologic analysis and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and the Brown and Brenn technique. The lesions were scored according to pre-established histomorphologic parameters and the scores statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: All 3 materials produced similar patterns of healing (p>0.05); in particular, persistent inflammation and absence of complete periapical tissue healing were consistently noted. Conclusions: Preparation of the infected root canals followed by filling with the materials studied was insufficient to provide complete healing of the periapical tissues. Department of Endodontics Araçatuba School of Dentistry UNESP -Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP Araçatuba School of Dentistry UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP Department of Endodontics Araçatuba School of Dentistry UNESP -Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP Araçatuba School of Dentistry UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T15:27:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-01-01 Introduction: Irrigation is an important procedure during root canal treatment once it can help cleaning those areas of the root canal system not directly reached by instruments Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and disinfection ability of silver nanoparticles dispersion in comparison to 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Methods: Thirty two rats individually received 4 infected and uninfected dentin tubes irrigated with 47 ppm and 23 ppm silver nanoparticles dispersion, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, and saline solution. Sixteen rats received one infected and one uninfected dentin tube, as the control group. After 7 and 30 days, all the animals were killed, the tubes and surrounding tissues were removed, and prepared to be analyzed in light microscope. Qualitative and quantitative assessments of the reactions were carried out. Results: All solutions in uninfected tubes caused mild reactions after 30 days. All solutions in infected tubes caused severe reactions after 7 days and mild reactions after 30 days. The outcomes were similar to those of the uninfected control group, but better than those of the infected control group. Conclusions: It was possible to conclude that silver nanoparticles dispersion was biocompatible and may act as disinfectant in contaminated tubes, especially at 23 ppm. State University of São Paulo (UNESP) State University of Maringá (UEM) State University of São Paulo (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T19:02:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-05-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:31:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-05-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:44:28Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:44:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-05-01 Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the apical sealability of Fillapex (R), Endo-CPM-Sealer (R) and Sealapex (R). Material and Methods: Ninety-four freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were selected and decoronated. All teeth were radiographed to confirm the existence of a single and straight root canal, which was prepared using Protaper Universal and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. The teeth were randomly divided in groups of 10 specimens each according to the sealer, and the canals were filled using the single cone technique and one of the sealers. Four additional teeth were used as controls. The teeth were submitted to dye leakage with Rhodamine B for 24 h but using vacuum on the initial 15 min. Thereafter, they were cut longitudinally and the leakage was measured in a linear fashion from apex to crown. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance level. Results: Fillapex (R) and Sealapex (R) showed significantly less dye leakage than Endo-CPM-Sealer (R) (p

The endodontic regenerative procedure (ERP), which is an alternative to calcium hydroxide-induced apexification, involves the use of a triple antibiotic paste (TAP) as a dressing material. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of rat subcutaneous tissue to implanted polyethylene tubes that were filled with TAP or calcium hydroxide.Thirty rats received 2 individual implants of polyethylene tubes filled with TAP or calcium hydroxide paste (CHP) and another empty tube as a control. Thirty additional rats received 2 individual implants consisting of polyethylene tubes filled with dressing material carriers (macrogol and propylene glycol) and a sham procedure. After 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days, 12 animals were euthanized, and the tubes and surrounding tissue were removed and processed for histology by using glycol methacrylate and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The histological score ranged from 0 to 3 depending on the content of inflammatory cells; the fibrous capsule was considered thin or thick, and necrosis and calcification were recorded as present or absent. The results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test.Both dressing materials induced moderate reactions at 7 and 15 days. These reactions were similar to the control (P.05) and reduced in intensity (to mild) from day 30 onward (P.05). The carriers did not interfere with the reaction of the dressing materials.TAP and CHP were biocompatible over the different experimental periods examined.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the rat alveolar socket response to implanted polyethylene tubes filled with a light-cured MTA or Angelus MTA. Study design Fifty-seven Wistar rats received an implant filled with one of the materials in the dental socket of the right central incisor. After 30, 60, and 90 days, animals were killed, and the right hemimaxillas were removed and processed to be analyzed on light microscopy. After embedding in paraffin, 6-μm-thick sections were obtained and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the reaction were performed. Results It was observed that the light-cured MTA presented a similar response compared with Angelus MTA, characterized by the reduction of the chronic inflammatory response and organization of the alveolar bone close to the materials, especially at the 90th day of observation. Conclusions It was concluded that both materials were well accepted by the alveolar tissue of rats, with the formation of mineralized tissue close to the materials.

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:24:36Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:46:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-77955526226.pdf: 116929 bytes, checksum: b79e4cf8dcc8b129f0c4e56f77b221a3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:24:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-01-01 The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the erosive capacity of fermented milk beverages, as well as some of their properties that affect the demineralization of dental enamel (pH, buffering capacity, fluoride, calcium and phosphorus contents). Three different batches of 6 commercial brands of fermented milk beverages were analyzed. pH evaluation was accomplished using a potentiometer. The buffering capacity was measured by adding 1 mol L -1 NaOH. Fluoride concentration was assessed by an ion specific electrode after hexamethyldisiloxane-facilitated diffusion, and calcium and phosphorus concentrations were assessed by a colorimetric test using a spectrophotometer. Sixty specimens of bovine enamel were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n = 10). They were exposed to 4 cycles of demineralization in the fermented milk and remineralization in artificial saliva. Enamel mineral loss was determined by surface microhardness (%SMHC) and profilometric tests. The samples' pH ranged from 3.51 to 3.87; the buffering capacity ranged from 470.8 to 804.2 μl of 1 mol L -1 NaOH; the fluoride concentration ranged from 0.027 to 0.958 μgF/g; the calcium concentration ranged from 0.4788 to 0.8175 mgCa/g; and the phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.2662 to 0.5043 mgP/g. The %SMHC ranged from-41.0 to -29.4. The enamel wear ranged from 0.15 μm to 0.18 μm. In this in vitro study, the fermented milk beverages did not promote erosion of the dental enamel, but rather only a superficial mineral loss. Department of Pediatric and Social Dentistry Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP Department of Basic Sciences Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP Department of Stomatology Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR Department of Pediatric and Social Dentistry Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP Department of Basic Sciences Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP

The aim of this study was to in situ evaluate the pH before and after the application of the fermented milk product; the fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) concentration on the dental biofilm; the demineralisation of the bovine dental enamel.Ten volunteers wore palatine devices containing four blocks of bovine dental enamel during three phases of 14 days each. In each phase, the treatment was accomplished with either fermented milk A (Yakult), or 20% sucrose solution (control) or fermented milk B (Batavito). Then, dental biofilm was collected, processed and the ionic concentration and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides appraised. For evaluation of the mineral loss, both the initial and final microhardness were determined.The results showed that the ionic concentration (F, Ca and P) was significantly higher in the fermented milk B in comparison with both the fermented milk A and the 20% sucrose solution. There was no significant difference amongst these last two. With regarding EPS was significantly lower in fermented milk B compared to fermented milk A and sucrose (P0.05), without significant difference amongst these last two. The two experimental groups did not differ significantly but had smaller mineral losses than control group.It was concluded that all treatment decreased the pH of dental biofilm and promoted demineralisation of the enamel, although fermented milk B presented the lowest EPS content and percentage change and integrated loss of surface hardness. More studies should be developed to evaluate the action of probiotics on the bacterial activity and its interference on demineralisation, once the literature has been showing probiotics as a promissory caries reducing agent.

Introduction Recently, a new sealer composed of Portland cement named Endo-CPM-Sealer was developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Endo-CPM-Sealer (EGEO SRL, Buenos Aires, Argentina), Sealapex (Sybron Endo, Glendora, CA), and Angelus MTA (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) on cell viability and cytokine (interleukin [IL]-1β and IL-6) production by mouse fibroblasts. Methods Millipore culture plate inserts with polyethylene tubes filled with materials were placed into 24-well cell culture plates with mouse fibroblasts. Cells cultured with only empty polyethylene tubes were used as the control. After 24 hours, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate the cell viability. For cytokine assay, mouse fibroblasts were incubated in 24-well flat-bottom plates with set material disks at the bottom. Cells cultured without the material disks served as the negative control. After 24 hours of incubation, culture media were collected for cytokine evaluation by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and Bonferroni correction. Results Endo-CPM-Sealer, Sealapex, and Angelus MTA did not inhibit the cell viability. All materials induced IL-6 releasing, but the amount was not statistically significant compared with the control group. Angelus MTA induced IL-1β releasing significantly more than the control. Conclusions All materials were not considered cytotoxic in fibroblast culture.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the fluoride concentration in the public water supply at the area supplied by the Water Treatment Station of Bauru and classify the samples as acceptable or unacceptable according to the fluoride concentration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: samples were collected from 30 areas at two periods, October 2002 and March 2003. The fluoride concentration in the samples was determined in duplicate, using an ion sensitive electrode (Orion 9609) connected to a potentiometer (Procyon, model 720). Samples with fluoride concentration ranging from 0.55 to 0.84 mg F/L were considered acceptable, and those whose concentration was outside this range as unacceptable. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. RESULTS: the fluoride concentration of the water samples varied between 0.31 and 2.01 mg F/L. Nearly 56% of the samples were classified as acceptable. CONCLUSION: the variations in fluoride concentration at the area supplied by the Water Treatment Station reinforce the need of constant monitoring for maintenance of adequate fluoride levels in the public water supply.

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:25:50Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:31:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-79958034046.pdf: 140045 bytes, checksum: 90bcbce0a7885cd4195c5671745829d9 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:25:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-04-01 Objectives: To evaluate the fluoride ion concentration in some fermented milks present in the market. Methods: Three brands of 6 fermented milks (Parmalat®-uva, Chamyto®, Paulista®, Batavito®, Yakult®, Vigor Club®) were analyzed. Fluoride concentration was evaluated after facilitated microdiffusion by HDMS. Results: Parmalat® products ranged from 0.022 μgF/g to 0.031 μgF/g, Chamyto® from 0.228 μgF/g to 0.272 μgF/g, Paulista® from 0.182 μgF/g to 0.220 μgF/g, Batavito® from 0.028 μgF/g to 0.030 μgF/g, Yakult® from 0.115 μgF/g to 0.206 μgF/g and Vigor Club® from 0.808 μgF/g to 1.171 μgF/g. Conclusions: The presence of fluoride could be observed in all of the fermented milks analyzed which can contribute with the total fluoride daily intake. Department of Pediatric Dentistry Araçatuba School of Dentistry Paulista State University (UNESP), São Paulo Department of Basic Sciences Araçatuba School of Dentistry Paulista State University (UNESP), São Paulo Department of Pediatric Dentistry Araçatuba School of Dentistry Paulista State University (UNESP), São Paulo Department of Basic Sciences Araçatuba School of Dentistry Paulista State University (UNESP), São Paulo