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Los efectos de la Pandemia ocasionada por el COVID 19 dibujan retos, pero también oportunidades para las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) a nivel global, en este contexto se retoma el significado de la planeación estratégica de las IES con el objetivo de ofrecer elementos de reflexión sobre su razón de ser, como resultado de una investigación documental basada en la revisión bibliográfica y análisis de contenido comparativo de los planes de desarrollo de universidades mexicanas. Los resultados de este trabajo cobran relevancia ante las disposiciones emitidas en la Ley General de Educación Superior en 2021 en México. Así los ejercicios de planificación estratégica requieren resignificarse a fin de que las IES sean capaces de plasmar en sus ejercicios de planificación estratégica un rumbo orientador que dirija a sus grupos de interés y a la sociedad en general a un mundo mejor.

La administración o gestión deportiva en las escuelas de negocios es una tendencia que demanda la industria del deporte. En este contexto se identifica y se presenta, el significado de la administración deportiva, el papel del administrador deportivo y se centra en los aspectos relacionados a la formación de un administrador deportivo en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES), para reflexionar en torno a su empleabilidad, como resultado de una investigación documental a partir de la revisión de literatura y análisis de contenido de programas educativos en administración o gestión deportiva. Los resultados indican que la gestión deportiva es capaz de contribuir al desarrollo de las universidades y escuelas de negocios porque, un programa educativo de esta naturaleza es considerado como una innovación por su alto impacto social, acentuado en las actuales condiciones de vida tras la pandemia ocasionadas por el virus COVID 19, que evidencian altos índices de sedentarismo, obesidad e inactividad física ante las cada vez más utilizadas formas de trabajo y educación a distancia.

The female reproductive tract harbours its microbial communities (microbiota) and its composition has been associated with reproductive functions in health and disease. Endometrial microbiome (genomes of microbes) studies are in agreement that uterus possesses higher bacterial diversity and richness than the vagina (where Lactobacillus is dominating) but the knowledge of the Fallopian tubes (FT) microbiomal composition is lacking, especially in fertile women in disease-free conditions. Our study included 24 women with confirmed fertility having benign uterine pathology submitted to abdominal hysterectomy or opting for contraceptive method by tubal ligation at Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca de Murcia (HCUVA). The microbiome of FT and endometrial samples was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We detected distinct microbial community profiles in the endometrial and FT samples indicating that the upper reproductive tract harbors an endogenous microbiome and in big part these two sites share the microbial profile (69% of the detected taxa). Nevertheless, 17 bacterial taxa were exclusively detected in the FT that included Enhydrobacter, Granulicatella, Haemophilus, Rhizobium, Alistipes y Paracoccus, among others, while 10 were found only in the endometrium, including Klebsiella, Olsenella, Oscillibacter and Veillonella (FDR Lactobacillus dominated in the samples obtained transcervically (vaginal contamination is suspected), while Acinetobacter, Arthrobacter, Coprococcus, Methylobacterium, Prevotella, Roseburia, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus were more abundant when sampling was performed directly from the uterus at hysterescopy. Although the upper reproductive tract seems to be a low microbial biomass site, our results suggest that the endometrial and FT microbiome is unique for each individual. In fact, samples obtained from the same individual from the endometrium and FT demonstrated more microbial similarity than for the same tissue (endometrium or FT) from two different women. Unraveling the female upper reproductive microbiome helps to understand the natural microenvironment in the tissues where the first processes of oocyte fertilization and embryo development and implantation are taking place and could therefore be used for improving in vitro fertilization and embryo culture conditions in treating infertile patients.

Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common causes of dementia nowadays, and its prevalence increases over time. Because of this and the difficulty of its diagnosis, accurate methods for the analysis of specific biomarkers for an early diagnosis of this disease are much needed. Recently, the levels of unfolded isoform of the multifunctional protein p53 in plasma have been proved to increase selectively in Alzheimer's Disease patients in comparison with healthy subjects, thus entering the list of biomarkers that can be used for the diagnosis of this illness. We present here the development of an electrochemical immunosensor based on nanostructured screen-printed carbon electrodes for the quantification of unfolded p53 in plasma samples. The sensor shows a suitable linear range (from 2 to 50 nM) for its application in real blood samples and a very low limit of detection (0.05 nM). The concentration of unfolded p53 has been accurately detected in plasma of elderly people in healthy conditions, subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) subjects, obtaining results with no significant differences to those provided by an ELISA assay. These results support the possibility of measuring unfolded p53 levels with a cheap, simple and miniaturized device with a promising future for point-of-care applications in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's dementia., This work has been supported by the FC-15-GRUPIN14-021 project from the Asturias Regional Government and the CTQ2014-58826-R and MINECO-18-CTQ2017-86994-R projects from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO). O. Amor-Gutiérrez thanks Vicerrectorado de Investigación from University of Oviedo for the award of a grant “Ayudas para la realización de tesis doctorales” (PAPI-18-PF-13) through Plan de Apoyo y Promoción de la Investigación.

Within the framework of globalization, current events are diverse and heterogeneous. The General Coordination of Technological and Polytechnic Universities in Mexico (CGUTyPM) adopted a competency-based educational model with the objective of preparing professionals not only with the necessary knowledge but also with adequate skills, attitudes, and values needed in the global economy. With the aim of complementing the necessary training of future engineers, academic programs of Mexico’s polytechnic universities have integrated into curricula courses in human development that address generic competencies. Development of competencies for students is complicated by the fact that within a globalized society it is necessary to learn profession-specific competencies in addition to generic competencies. However, in higher education, profession-specific competencies are commonly assumed to be of greater importance, and generic competencies are not prioritized. This paper presents the authors’ research findings detailing responses from 150 students in different engineering programs. For analysis, a cross-sectional descriptive methodology was employed, using a questionnaire completed by student participants. The results show a clear need for explicit integration of the generic competencies into general curricula in particular, those of basic professional knowledge, problem-solving, commitment to ethics (honesty) and responsibility. The authors conclude that the continued teaching of the generic competencies at the university level is essential to student learning and provides students with strategies for adapting to the ever-changing environment of a labor sector situated in a globalized world.

Este estudio, de tipo descriptivo transversal, presenta un análisis estadístico comparativo que se realizó con estudiantes de último año del área administrativa en tres universidades mexicanas. El objetivo de la investigación fue comprobar las competencias profesionales que desarrolló el estudiantado según perfil de egreso y modalidad aplicada (presencial, mixta o virtual), para diferenciar las competencias que fortalecen su perfil de egreso y cuáles deben ser potenciadas. El instrumento empleado para examinar las competencias se estructuró tomando en consideración preguntas que reproducen el proceso de toma de decisiones y el contexto que tienen que enfrentar los administradores. Los resultados evidencian, independientemente de la modalidad educativa, niveles de apreciación cercanos al avanzado en competencias básicas, transversales y específicas. Resaltaron indicadores favorables en el trabajo en equipo y la necesidad de potenciar la competencia de elaboración de proyectos. Se advierten diferencias significativas en estudiantes de la modalidad virtual con respecto a otras modalidades.

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis (P) are chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by joint and radiographic bone loss, respectively. IL‐23 and IL‐17 have an essential role in the immunopathogenesis of RA, and P. IL‐23 stimulates Th17 cells through which produces IL‐17, IL‐21, and RANKL. IL‐17 stimulates fibroblasts to produce RANKL, which initiates bone loss in the joints in RA and the periodontal tissue in periodontitis. The aim of this study was to determine the expression pattern of IL‐23/IL‐17 axis and soluble receptors isoforms sIL‐23R and sIL‐17RA of patients with RA presenting P (RAP). Material and methods Healthy subjects (HS) (n = 42), patients with P (n = 40), RA (n = 20), and patients with RAP (n = 40) were included. Plasma samples were obtained to evaluate the IL‐23, IL‐17A, sIL‐23R, and sIL‐17RA by ELISA technique. A nonparametric Mann‐Whitney U test was used to compare the differences between groups. A Chi‐square was used to compare gender, grade and stage of periodontitis, and DAS28‐ESR between the groups. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to study the association between the molecules and clinical parameters. Results IL‐23 levels were increased in the RAP group, and lower sIL‐23R levels were found in the RAP groups. However, IL‐17A was lower in the P and RAP group but not in RA patients. RAP group showed a decrease IL‐17A levels in advanced stages of the periodontal disease. Conclusion These results suggest that IL‐23 and IL‐17A tend to downregulate their expression patterns when patients present both rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis., Blood sample was taken to obtain plasma from all study participants. IL‐23, IL‐23R, IL‐17A, and IL‐17RA were detected with ELISA technique. Results: (a) The sIL‐23R levels were found lower in the RAP group and IL‐23 levels were increased. (b) IL‐17A was lower in the P and RAP group but not in RA patients. According to the chronicity of periodontitis, RAP group showed a decreased IL‐17A levels in advanced stages of the periodontal disease.

The human disease tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. A quarter of the world's population is estimated to be latently infected. Drug development and screening is slow and costly. We have developed a physiologically relevant assay to screen drugs against TB when inside immune cells. This chapter will describe a newly developed preclinical drug screening assay for TB, using high-content imaging and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling.

La pandemia global por COVID-19 incidió aún más en la urgencia de preparar a la humanidad para sobrevivir ante situaciones críticas. Los vínculos de afectividad son una fuente para la resiliencia familiar. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los primeros datos de una investigación exploratoria, no experimental para destacar si la percepción del vínculo era distinta en dos grupos independientes. Un cuestionario basado en el modelo de resiliencia familiar de Walsh fue aplicado a 388 participantes de España y México. Se utilizó la prueba estadística no paramétrica de Mann - Whitney para contrastar las respuestas, además del análisis de indicadores sociodemográficos para diferenciar los vínculos. Los hallazgos mostraron que no existen diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos respecto a la necesidad de generar vínculos afectivos para reforzar la resiliencia de cada uno de los integrantes y fortalecer la resiliencia familiar ante la crisis global.

Insect neuropeptides, play a central role in the control of many physiological processes. Based on an analysis of Nyssorhynchus albimanus brain transcriptome a neuropeptide precursor database of the mosquito was described. Also, we observed that adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related peptide (ACP), hugin and corazonin encoding genes were differentially expressed during Plasmodium infection. Transcriptomic data from Ny. albimanus brain identified 29 pre-propeptides deduced from the sequences that allowed the prediction of at least 60 neuropeptides. The predicted peptides include isoforms of allatostatin C, orcokinin, corazonin, adipokinetic hormone (AKH), SIFamide, capa, hugin, pigment-dispersing factor, adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related peptide (ACP), tachykinin-related peptide, trissin, neuropeptide F, diuretic hormone 31, bursicon, crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP), allatotropin, allatostatin A, ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH), diuretic hormone 44 (Dh44), insulin-like peptides (ILPs) and eclosion hormone (EH). The analysis of the genome of An. albimanus and the generated transcriptome, provided evidence for the identification of myosuppressin neuropeptide precursor. A quantitative analysis documented increased expression of precursors encoding ACP peptide, hugin and corazonin in the mosquito brain after Plasmodium berghei infection. This work represents an initial effort to characterize the neuropeptide precursors repertoire of Ny. albimanus and provides information for understanding neuroregulation of the mosquito response during Plasmodium infection.

espanolEs importante el fortalecimiento de los procesos educativos con una gestion del conocimiento y una pertinente innovacion educativa que permita la internacionalizacion del mismo proceso, a partir de una adecuada line a de evaluacion que permita la internacionalizacion, el presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de resaltar la importancia de la gestion del conocimiento con una adecuada Innovacion educativa que garantice la internacionalizacion. EnglishImportant is the strengthe ning of the educational process with management of knowledge and relevant educational innovation that allows the internationalization of the same process, from a proper line of evaluation that allows the internationalization, this paper aims to highlight the importance of the knowledge management with an adequate educational innovation that ensures the internationalization.

ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of clindamycin compared with amoxicillin-metronidazole after a 7-day regimen during nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Research design and methodsIn this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, a total of 42 patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes were included. Patients were randomly assigned to treatment with either clindamycin or amoxicillin-metronidazole three times a day during 7 days. Clinical determinations (probing depth, bleeding on probe, and plaque index) were performed to determine the extent and severity of periodontitis before and after the pharmacological treatment.ResultsAfter 7 days of administration of clindamycin or amoxicillin-metronidazole, no differences were observed between the clinical determinations, probing depth (0.44 vs 0.50 mm, p=0.624), plaque index (17.62 vs 15.88%, p=0.910), and bleeding on probing (16.12 vs 22.17%, p=0.163), respectively. There were no adverse events in either group.ConclusionThe administration during 7 days of clindamycin or amoxicillin/metronidazole showed the same efficacy for the reduction of probing depth, plaque index, and bleeding on probing in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes.

This paper reports the opinion of a group of engineering students from the Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Mexico about the comprehensive learning and didactic instrumentation in the humanities courses within the university as an opportunity area for analysis of real situations. It was used mixed methodology: in the first part a questionnaire was applied and, in the second part, the focus groups technique was used. For this research were considered contributions of Delors (7) Morin (19), and Torroela (23). The discoveries of this research revealed the importance of the contents of humanities courses and some other essential factors in the didactic instrumentation that impact comprehensive learning.

Atelectasis is an important indicator of potentially severe underlying disease that must be diagnosed as early as possible. One of the most common mechanisms is the reabsorption of air distal to respiratory tract obstruction. The chest x-ray is an excellent tool to diagnose atelectasis, and it is especially useful for ruling out central bronchial obstructions (e.g., from endobronchial tumors). If the signs of volume loss are not recognized correctly, the diagnosis and treatment can be delayed. This article describes the main findings of lobar atelectasis on chest x-rays and their correlations with CT findings, including the classic signs described in the literature and other, less known and sometimes subtle signs.

150 p. En la presente tesis doctoral se propone un nuevo modelo del test de penetración en moco cervical, ensayado específicamente en ganado ovino, para estudiar y determinar cuáles son las características específicas que las células han de tener para poder superar esta barrera cervical, y evaluar su capacidad como predictor de la fertilidad en campo. El moco cervical es un fluido complejo cuyas características fisicoquímicas varían a lo largo del ciclo estral de la oveja, y además cada oveja produce solamente unos pocos mililitros del mismo. Por estas razones y para poder estandarizar el test de penetración es necesario desarrollar un sustituto artificial del moco cervical. ). En este trabajo también se probaron otros sustitutos del moco natural como la metilcelulosa que ha sido aplicada en tests de penetración para semen humano. No se observó ninguna correlación entre tasas de fertilidad y el número de espermatozoides que migra en el test, aunque sí aparece una correlación negativa entre la proporción de espermatozoides con cabezas cortas y anchas en la muestra fresca y la fertilidad. Todo esto indica que la morfología de la cabeza de los espermatozoides está asociada con su habilidad para superar la barrera de moco cervical en un test de migración, y que el tamaño relativo de la subpoblación de espermatozoides que no consigue pasar el test esta negativamente relacionada con la fertilidad del macho

Con el objetivo de renovar las estrategias de estudio y el desarrollo de investigadoras se creó el Seminario de Resiliencia cuyo fin fue generar un espacio para fortalecer sus ciclos de formación. Tal y como lo plantea Melillo, la resiliencia se considera la capacidad de los seres humanos para identificar, solucionar y salir fortalecidos ante adversidades. Este ensayo tiene como objetivo dar cuenta de la importancia de la interacción positiva en un Seminario para la construcción de conocimiento y culminación de periodos de formación profesional de cuatro estudiantes de Doctorado y una de Licenciatura. Se identificaron aspectos que pueden fortalecer el desarrollo de habilidades de investigación; como la confianza, respeto, pensamiento crítico y la aceptación incondicional por parte de la líder del seminario como tutora resiliente.

Diseño instruccional, enseñanza, aprendizaje, educación a distancia.

Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia

The red wine grapevine cultivar Mencía is grown over much of northern and northwestern Spain. It is the preferential cultivar for the wines of the Appellation Contrôlée regions of « Bierzo », « Monterrei », «Ribeira Sacra » and «Valdeorras », and an « authorized » cultivar for « Rías Baixas » and « Ribeiro » wines. This cultivar does not seem to have existed in the north of Spain until the end of the 19th century (after the arrival of phylloxera), but from this time on it has been one of the most important of all those cultivated. The interest surrounding its true identity has increased over the years as its market value has increased. Some parties defend it as a native of the area while others believe it to be a synonym of Cabernet Franc or Tintilla. It is also similar to cv. Garnacha, as some authors have mentioned over the years (although with no great emphasis) (GARCÍA DE LOS SALMONES, 1901-1911; COMENGE, 1942; GALET, 1990). The present paper reports a comparative ampelographic study of different clones of Mencía and Garnacha. The results are also compared to those published by other authors. Mencía appears to be totally different to Cabernet Franc and Tintilla but shows characteristics similar to those of Garnacha and there is possibly a parental relationship. Mencía might therefore be obtained from different crosses between Garnacha and another cultivar.

Two grapevine types established in the collection of the Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), both commonly called Albarín Blanco (type I and II), showed characteristics suggesting an error of homonymy. Varieties with similar characteristics to Albarín Blanco I, but with different names (Blanco País, Blanco Verdín, Blanco Legítimo, Raposo), were found in the Principality of Asturias (northern Spain) and Galicia (northwestern Spain). Ampelographic characterisation, agronomic and molecular analysis showed that Albarín Blanco I should be understood as the « true » Albarín Blanco, and that Blanco País, Blanco Verdín, Blanco Legítimo and Raposo are synonyms. Albarín Blanco II was found to be Savagnin Blanc, introduced into the area after the phylloxera epidemic in the 19th century.