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Introduction: diabetes mellitus has become a serious health problem, due to its high prevalence, in addition to the high degree of mortality and disability it generates. Objective: to evaluate the economic burden of diabetes mellitus in the Diabetic Care Center of Pinar del Río, during 2016. Method: cross-sectional descriptive study through the cost approach of the disease, working with a target group of (U = 8623), where all patients attending the aforementioned institution were included, the cost reports for diabetes mellitus issued by the unit were also used, the descriptive statistics was applied. Results: the direct and indirect costs of diabetes mellitus in the Diabetic Care Center of Pinar del Río in 2016 were not individually reflected, which made us to infer that the general assessment of the economic burden of diabetes mellitus could lead to the non-implementation of the approved budget for 2016 in the Diabetic Care Center. Conclusions: based on the results of this investigation, it is necessary to reflect on the economic need to separate the costs of diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2 in the analysis of the budget, taking into account that they do not have the same levels of expenses in their treatment, as well as direct and indirect costs, to obtain real costs in the care of patients with the disease.