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Background This study evaluated the acceptability (by sensorial and visual analyses) of meat from 40 Nellore heifers (finished in feedlots for 73 days) fed with different diets supplemented with essential oils (EOs) and an active principle blend. The five diets tested were: CON - a diet without essential oil and active principle blend (eugenol, thymol, and vanillin); ROS - a diet supplemented with rosemary EO; BLE - supplemented with a blend; BCL - a diet with clove EO+ blend; and BRC - a diet with rosemary, clove EOs + blend. The acceptability of diet and aging time was evaluated by consumers. Results Diet affected consumer acceptability and visual analysis (meat color). The diets with EO and the blend showed better sensory acceptance by the consumers; meat aged for 7 days received higher scores than meat aged for 1 day. Meat from heifers that received both EOs + blend (BCL, BRC) obtained the highest scores in the visual evaluation. Conclusion The use of natural compounds in ruminant diets improves the sensory characteristics of meat without damaging visual acceptability and may be an alternative to the conventional additive market. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

Visual assessment is regarded as the gold standard to evaluate meat colour shelf-life, but it is costly and time consuming. To address this issue, this paper aims to evaluate the number of consumers and days of display that are necessaries in order to assess the colour shelf-life of meat, presented with different methods, all using images. Photographs of thirty-six lamb steaks were taken just after cutting (day 0) and on each of the following days until the 14th day of display under standardized conditions. Images were presented in three different manners: 1) with days of display and animals in random order (Random); 2) days of display in sequential and animals in random order (Sequential); and, 3) days of display and animals in sequential order (Animal); they were presented to 211 consumers who evaluated visual acceptability on a 9-point scale. At day zero, visual acceptability scores were the highest in Animal, followed by Sequential, and then by the Random (P

The present study aimed to assess the effect of crossbreeding a local breed (Segurena, S???S) with Texel as the sire line (Texel???Segurena crossbred, T???S) on productive traits and meat quality attributes. Sixty-eight lambs (both males and females) from each genotype, weaned at about 45?days old and intensively fed with concentrates and cereal straw ad libitum until they were 72?days old, were used to assess productive traits, and ten animals from each genotype were used to assess meat quality. RESULTS The crossbreeding with Texel improves productivity, with a greater weight at birth (+1?kg) and at slaughter (+3?kg) and a greater average daily gain (+29?g). T???S lambs had a better conformation, less carcass fatness, and higher content of muscle (+45?g?kg?1) as opposed to a lower fat content (?50.6?g?kg?1). With regard to meat quality, crossbreeding with Texel provided a meat with a higher protein content (+4?g?kg?1) and a lower oleic acid content (21% less), although the differences were very scarce from a sensory point of view, and non-existent with respect to instrumental quality. CONCLUSION Crossbreeding could comprise a useful tool in the production of ovine meat in local breeds, such as Segurena, within the Mediterranean Area, and, consequently, a way of increasing the profitability of the farms. ? 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

Research on fatty acids (FA) is important because their intake is related to human health. NIRS can be a useful tool to estimate the FA of beef but due to the high moisture and the high absorbance of water makes it difficult to calibrate the analyses. This work evaluated near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy as a tool to assess the total fatty acid composition and the phospholipid fraction of fatty acids of beef using freeze-dried meat. An average of 22 unrelated pure breed young bulls from 15 European breeds were reared on a common concentrate-based diet. A total of 332 longissimus thoracis steaks were analysed for fatty acid composition and a freeze-dried sample was subjected to near-infrared spectral analysis. 220 samples (67%) were used as a calibration set with the remaining 110 (33%) being used for validation of the models obtained. There was a large variation in the total FA concentration across the animals giving a good data set for the analysis and whilst the coefficient of variation was nearly 68% for the monounsaturated FA it was only 27% for the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). PLS method was used to develop the prediction models. The models for the phospholipid fraction had a low R2 p and high standard error, while models for neutral lipid had the best performance, in general. It was not possible to obtain a good prediction of many individual PUFA concentrations being present at low concentrations and less variable than other FA. The best models were developed for Total FA, saturated FA, 9c18:1 and 16:1 with R2 p greater than 0.76. This study indicates that NIRS is a feasible and useful tool for screening purposes and it has the potential to predict most of the FA of freeze-dried beef. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of different fattening systems from pasture to concentrate and temperament on animal welfare (AW) and meat quality (MQ). Eighty-four Hereford steers were randomly assigned to the following groups: T1, pasture (4% of animal live weight: LW), T2, pasture (3% LW) plus concentrate (0.6% LW), T3, pasture (3% LW) plus concentrate (1.2% LW), T4, an ad libitum concentrate treatment. Temperament was assessed by three individual tests: crush score, flight time, and exit speed, building a multicriterial temperament index (TIndex). The flight zone was also registered for each treatment. AW was assessed through the integration of indicators of productivity, physiology, and behavior, as well as by monitoring the health status within each treatment. Shear force was registered for MQ. Differences in average daily gain were due to the different energetic composition of the diets (T4 &gt, T3 &gt, T2 &gt, T1) and were not attributable to animal welfare problems. Animals from T4 had the higher average daily gain (ADG) but welfare was negatively affected, being evident through physiological indicators, the restriction or deprivation of relevant behaviors, diet-related diseases, and mortality. T1, T2, and T3 did not appear to compromise animal welfare. However, strict preventive measures and monitoring should be taken during the habituation process and when using any new diet that includes concentrate, because of possible dietary diseases. Shear force values were lower in T1. None of the animals in our experiment were excitable or aggressive, but there was a positive response to handling in all treatments. In addition, regardless of diet, calmer animals had higher average daily gain and lower shear force values, thus, temperament appears to have a significant influence on productivity and meat quality.

The effects of linseed supplementation level (LSL: 5%, 10% or 15%) and feeding duration (FD: 30, 50 or 70 days) were analysed on productive, carcass and meat quality parameters using 72 cull ewes (n = 8 for each group), to improve their commercial value and meat quality. Both LSL and FD influenced productive parameters, carcass and meat quality. Feeding duration affected final body condition score (P

With the increase of public concern over the routine use of antibiotics in livestock, the addition of plant extracts and essential oils (EOs) became a natural alternative in the diets since it might have similar antimicrobial properties as the ionophores. This study was conducted to evaluate the animal performance, temperament, feeding behaviour and carcass characteristics of 40 young crossbred bulls (½ Brown Swiss – ½ Nellore) at 10 ± 2.2 months of age with an average body weight of 219 ± 11.7 kg without (control) the addition or with different levels (3.5 or 7.0 g/day per animal) of clove or cinnamon EOs in the diet. The finishing period in the feedlot was 187 days. Animal performance was higher ( P 0.05) in the group with EOs (both levels) than in the control group diet and increased linearly when EOs was added ( P ≤ 0.05). The feed intake of dry matter and other nutrients was higher and increase linearly ( P in vitro were unaffected by dietary treatment ( P > 0.05). The addition of clove or cinnamon EOs did not alter ( P > 0.05) temperament or feeding behaviour. The cold carcass weight was higher ( P P > 0.05) between young bulls with EOs received clove or cinnamon in the diet. The muscle, fat and bone percentages and fat thickness, marbling, Longissimus muscle area and pH did not differ ( P > 0.05) among diets. The results indicate that the EOs improved the animal performance of young bulls finished in high-concentrate diets did not alter carcass characteristics, temperament or feeding behaviour.

Cottonseed hulls are co-product of agribusiness that can be used in beef cattle rations, decreasing the cost of feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different cottonseed hull levels, display and ageing times on visual and sensorial meat acceptability. Longissimus thoracis muscle from 30 crossbred young bulls finished on three high-grain diets (210, 270 or 330 g/kg of cottonseed hulls on dry matter, respectively) were visually evaluated during 10 days of display by 37 appraisers. Tenderness, flavour and overall acceptability from the three diets and three ageing times (1, 7 and 14 days) were evaluated by 120 consumers. On the visual study, time of display (P⩽0.001) was a more significant factor than diet. Cottonseed hull level had no effect on sensorial analyses, with tenderness acceptability improving with ageing time (P⩽0.001). Results indicate the possibility of using the three studied levels of cottonseed without damaging consumer meat acceptability.

International audience; The objective of this study was to determine the variation of the colour of longissimus thoracis muscle within and among fifteen European cattle breeds reared under comparable management conditions. A total of 436 unrelated purebred young bulls from fifteen European breeds (Aberdeen Angus, Highland, Jersey, South Devon, Danish Red, Holstein, Simmental, Asturiana de las Montanas (also known as Casina), Asturiana de los Valles, Avilena-Negra Iberica, Pirenaica, Marchigiana, Piemontese, Charolais and Limousin) were reared in five experimental research centres in the United Kingdom, Denmark, Spain, Italy and France. The pH of M. longissimus thoracis was measured at 24 h and after 10 days of ageing and colour at 48 h and 10 days. Two generalised linear models, Pearson correlations and a hierarchical cluster analyses were carried out. Lean meat colour differed significantly between breeds, and these fifteen European breeds could be grouped according to four classes of commercial interest: 'very bright and pale-red', 'bright and pale', 'red' and 'dark and dull red'. These groups were partially related to body size and carcass traits, fatness and muscle development and structure, and were controlled by differences in gene expression within each breed.

BACKGROUND: The frozen preservation of lamb meat could be crucial for successful international trade. The shelf life of thawed meat is shorter than that of fresh meat, so techniques or procedures are required to improve post‐thawing meat quality attributes. This study investigated the effect of alginate‐based edible coatings after the incorporation of essential oils of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) on thawed lamb meat (longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle) quality after long‐term frozen storage. Meat samples came from ten light lambs and the evolution of attributes related to shelf life, such as water‐holding capacity, color stability, and lipid oxidation, was monitored during display (1, 4 and 7 days). Four meat treatments were evaluated: control (CON, uncoated meat), edible coat of alginate meat (ECA), and ECA with thyme or garlic essential oils (0.05%) (THY and GAR). RESULTS: The alginate‐based edible coatings decreased exudative losses (P

In order to evaluate how beef buyers in the State of Paraná, Brazil south value meat quality indicators, and attributes of credibility, 519 interviews were conducted in three cities with different sizes (Big - Curitiba, Medium - Campo Mourão and Small - Palotina). The interviews were applied after the meat was placed in the shopping cart and were composed of five questions, including question of spontaneous response: (i) factors that the buyer considers at the purchasing time; (ii) information which the buyer considers important to appear on the meat label; and three questions of stimulated response: (i) preference for meat preparation and exposure for sale, (ii) factors that the buyer considers when purchasing the meat, and (iii) preference for marbling (by photograph) according to the beef preparation. The results showed that beef buyers are more concerned with extrinsic meat quality indicators than the intrinsic ones, especially the meat presentation and hygiene of the sale point; have little knowledge about the factors that positively influence the eating experience of beef and do not cares about attributes of credibility, except for the meat expiration date. Beef buyers from medium (Campo Mourão) and small (Palotina) cities have a similar behavior, and differ from the buyers of a big (Curitiba) city among the attributes surveyed, in relation to the greater appreciation of inspection, tenderness and marbling, and less importance given to the expiration date. Beef buyers prefer meat cut by the butcher; however, this preference is higher in the small city.

Forty young bulls were fed with five different treatments (n = 8, 62 days): control, without the addition of natural additives (CON); NA15, a mixture of natural additives (1.5 g/animal/day); NA30, a mixture of natural additives (3.0 g/animal/day); NA45, a mixture of natural additives (4.5 g/animal/day); and NA60, a mixture of natural additives (6.0 g/animal/day). The hot carcass weight and dressing percentage, fat thickness, Longissimus muscle area, marbling, pH, and carcass tissue composition were measured. In addition, the instrumental meat quality (colour, water holding capacity, texture and lipid oxidation) and consumer acceptability attributes, across display were evaluated. Diet had no effect (P > .05) on the carcass characteristics evaluated (except pH). The diets significantly influenced the pH, shear force, tenderness, lipid oxidation and overall acceptability evaluated by consumers (P

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:48:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-04-01 Fundacion Araucaria Forty young crossbred bulls (10 ± 2.2 months of age; 219 ± 11.7 kg) were finished in a feedlot with one of five different treatments: CON, control (no essential oil); CLO450, clove essential oil (450 mg/kg); CLO880, clove essential oil (880 mg/kg); CIN450; cinnamon essential oil (450 mg/kg); and CIN880, cinnamon essential oil (880 mg/kg). Instrumental meat quality attributes and consumer acceptability aspects (visual and sensory) were assessed during meat ageing and display. The inclusion of clove essential oil showed (P = 0.033) a quadratic effect on lipid oxidation in meat evaluated under display conditions. Level of cinnamon essential oil affected (P < 0.05) pH, shear force, and meat colour. On the other hand, the diet had no effect (P > 0.05) on sensory or visual acceptability. Ageing (7 days) enhanced (P < 0.05) sensory acceptability attributes. Globally, the addition of essential oil in bull diets can be an alternative to reduces lipid oxidation without modifying sensory acceptability attributes. Department of Animal Science Sao Paulo State University School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences Department of Animal Science State University of Maringá Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Miguel Servet 177 Departamento de Zootecnia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Department of Animal Science Sao Paulo State University School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences Departamento de Zootecnia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista

The aim of this work was to assess the proximate and fatty acid (FA) composition of the edible portion, including fat and muscle, of different commercial cuts in lamb. Ten entire males belonging to the Protected Geographical Indication ‘Ternasco de Aragon’, weaned at about 50 days old and intensively fed with concentrate and cereal straw ad libitum until reaching 80 days old, were used. Seven commercial cuts were assessed: leg, shoulder, neck, shoulder-ribs, loin + rack, breast and flank. The leanest cut, considering the edible composition, was the leg, with a fat content of 11.5%, although not statistically different from the neck, shoulder and shoulder-ribs. The fattest cut was the breast (42%), although it contributed little to the total fat content of the animal representing only 4.5% of the whole carcass weight. Few differences were found in the percentages of FA and were mainly associated with the minor FA, although shoulder-ribs and loin + rack had the highest percentage of stearic acid. However large differences were found in the amount of FA among commercial cuts.

Forty-six Pirenaica young bulls, slaughtered at two levels of fatness (3 and 4 mm), were used to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of 50 g kg-1 linseed alone or with 200 IU vitamin E kg-1 in the concentrate and of the meat packaging system (vacuum or modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)) on the beef sensory quality.; Results: The inclusion of linseed or supplementation with vitamin E in the concentrate induced no significant differences in the main meat sensory scores and overall appraisal except under MAP, where small differences due to concentrate ingredients were found in juiciness and metallic flavor intensity. Extending the display time up to 4 or 8 days in high-oxygen MAP had detrimental effects on sensory attributes. Meat from animals with 4 mm fat cover depth were rated more tender and juicy, less fibrous and with a higher intensity of beef flavor and rancid odor than meat from 3 mm fat cover bulls when both samples were vacuum packaged.; Conclusion: The inclusion of 50 g kg-1 linseed in the concentrate fed to bulls had no detrimental effect on the beef sensory quality. The vacuum-packaged meat of bulls slaughtered at 4 mm fat cover was rated higher on sensory analysis than that at 3 mm fat cover. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.; © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

In many countries, fresh meat from cull ewes is considered to have little value. Nevertheless, other products such as dried and cured meat have high prices. Due to immigration, there is a continual shift in the population's profile, and the acceptability of local products within a specific country is not well known. For this study, 320 consumers from Europe (Spain), Asia (China), Africa (sub-Saharan Africa) and South America (Andes) evaluated the overall acceptability of dry-cured sheep meat “cecina.” The legs of 24 culled ewes with three different fatness levels (FL) were used. Overall acceptability indicated that the product was well accepted, with Africans providing the highest scores (P ≤ 0.01). Statistical differences between the three FL were found only in Spanish consumers who preferred Lean “cecina.” Length of residency was a significant factor only for Andeans in which a preference was observed for those living five or more years in Spain (P = 0.04). Differences depending on the frequency of lamb consumption were found in all cultural backgrounds except for Chinese consumers. Practical Applications Cultural background was more important than fatness level (FL) in terms of overall acceptability. Therefore, the production of dry-cured meat from ewes would not require a previous fattening period to meet consumers’ expectations. In this sense, only Spanish consumers found differences between FL, with the leanest meat as the most appreciated. Globally, the consumer overall acceptability score of the product was high, being Africans those with the highest scores, and showing that the possibility of producing “cecina” would favor breeders, who could profit from selling meat at a higher price.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:59:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundacao Araucaria Context Natural additives have been studied to increase animal performance and the quality of meat as alternatives to the use of antibiotics. Aims The present work investigated the effects of an essential oil blend (oregano, rosemary, lemon, garlic, eucalyptus, thyme and sweet orange) incorporated into the diet of crossbred heifers on the meat quality. Methods Thirty 12-month-old half-sister crossbred heifers (1/2 Angus vs 1/2 Nellore) with an average weight of 219.8 8.8 kg were allocated in individual pens for 3 months. Three diets were tested: E0.0 (without the essential oil blend); E3.5 (with 3.5 g of the essential oil blend/animal.day); E7.0 (7.0 g of the essential oil blend/animal.day). The fatty acid composition (chemical) and profile of the Longissimus muscle were evaluated. In addition, the effect of aging (1, 7 and 14 days in vacuum packs at 2 degrees C) on the colour, cooking and thawing losses, texture, and lipid oxidation were determined. Key results The essential oil blend did not affect (P > 0.05) the meat. It did not impact on the decrease in shear force, increased lipid oxidation or changes in colour with aging. Conclusions The chemical composition, water holding capacity, shear force, lipid oxidation, and fatty acid profile were not influenced by including the essential oil blend in the diet of heifers. Implications The use of low dosages of an essential oil blend could be applied in the diet of heifers, without affecting meat quality. Univ Estadual Maringa, Anim Sci Dept, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil Univ Zaragoza, Anim Prod & Food Sci Dept, Zaragoza 50013, Spain Sao Paulo State Univ, Anim Prod Dept, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Anim Prod Dept, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Dry cured meat&mdash, &lsquo, cecina&rsquo, &mdash, is a traditional, although not well-known, dry product that could add value to cull ewes. Because of this, the aim of the study was to assess consumer acceptability of &lsquo, from cull ewes finished with different levels of linseed (5, 10 or 15%) for different periods before slaughtering (30, 50 or 70 days). One hundred and fifty consumers evaluated colour acceptability, fatness and odour, flavour and overall acceptability of &lsquo, from those 9 treatments. Additionally, habits of consumption of cured products and preferences for different species and willingness to pay for &lsquo, were investigated. Linseed supplementation was identified as the most important factor for sensorial attributes (p &lt, 0.01), with the preferred &lsquo, being that with 5% and 10% supplementation. Feeding duration only modified the fatness acceptability (p &lt, 0.01). &lsquo, Cecina&rsquo, from small ruminants is a product consumed occasionally by the majority of participants, however, it presented an adequate overall acceptability. Consequently, elaborating &lsquo, would be a feasible strategy to improve the income of farmers.

In the current study the collagen, texture, and sensory characteristics of meat from 712 yearling males of 10 local Spanish and French beef breeds raised in their typical production systems were described. The breed‐production system affected collagen and texture variables but affected sensory variables only slightly. There was a large amount of intra breed‐production system variation for all the variables. French breeds had lower values for collagen solubility (~12%) than Spanish breeds (~40%). Stress (WB) varied from 36 N/cm2 in Casina to 44 N/cm2 in Salers, whereas compression stress at 80% ranged from 35 N/cm2 in Asturiana de los Valles to 40 N/cm2 in Salers. Oven cooking resulted in higher cooking losses (24%) than cooking on a grill (12%). Cooking losses increased as the grill temperature increased. Numerous significant correlations were found among variables. Carcass weight is associated with all the collagen and texture variables. Correlation coefficients among texture and collagen variables were statistically significant and these correlation coefficients were in general higher for solubility percentage than for total collagen content, highlighting the importance of the solubility of collagen rather than total collagen in determining meat textural properties. Practical applications. To differentiate a product in the market, it is necessary to define its characteristics. Differentiation allows increasing the added value of products and, therefore, income of the farmers. In addition, it guarantees to the consumers that the product they purchase has the intrinsic and extrinsic quality features that they seek. For consumers, beef texture is one of the most important quality attributes sought, therefore, studying factors that can affect beef texture is a major interest for the industry. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Se estudió el efecto del tiempo de maduración y tipo de cocinado sobre la valoración sensorial y el perfil de los compuestos aromáticos de la carne de animales de los cruces de toros de las razas Retinta, Limousine, Pirenaica y Asturiana de los Valles con vacas Retintas. Se utilizaron dos paneles, uno para el efecto de la maduración y otro para el tipo de cocinado. El entrenamiento de los catadores y la temperatura de cocinado fueron idénticos en ambos casos, aunque los perfiles difieren entre sí. En la valoración sensorial no se encontraron interacciones entre efectos. El cruce sólo afectó a la terneza, siendo la carne de Pirenaica x Retinta y Retinta x Retinta algo más dura. La terneza, el flavor a hígado y el flavor ácido aumentaron con la maduración, al contrario que la jugosidad. El tipo de cocinado afectó a la terneza y a la facilidad al tragar, estando ambas variables inversamente correlacionadas. Se identificaron 50 compuestos aromáticos. El cruce tuvo menos influencia que el tipo de cocinado y se encontró una interacción significativa entre efectos para 15 de los compuestos, especialmente hidrocarburos. El cruce afectó al porcentaje de alcoholes, compuestos azufrados y cetonas pero no al resto y el tipo de cocinado, a todos los compuestos. Los hidrocarburos y las cetonas presentaron mayores concentraciones que el resto. Para todos los grupos de compuestos excepto para los azufrados, las cantidades detectadas fueron mayores en cuando el método de cocinado fue la cocción. We studied the effect of ageing period and cooking method on sensory evaluation and aromatic compounds profile of meat from crosses of Retinta Limousine, Pirenaica and Asturiana de los Valles bulls and Retinta dams. Two panels were used, one to study the ageing effect and another to compare the effect of cooking method. The training and temperature of cooking were identical in both cases, although the descriptive profiles are different among themselves. No interaction between effects was found in sensory evaluation. Crossbreeding only affected tenderness, being meat from Pirenaica x Retinta and Retinta x Retinta crosses slightly tougher. Tenderness, liver flavour and acid flavour increased with ageing, contrary to juiciness. The cooking method affected tenderness and ease swallowing, and both variables were inversely correlated. 50 aromatics compounds were identified and we found a significant interaction effects for 15 compounds, especially hydrocarbons. Crossbreeding affected the percentage of alcohols, ketones and sulphur compounds whereas cooking method affected to all compounds. Hydrocarbons and ketones showed higher concentrations than the rest of the compounds. All compounds except the ketone groups were affected by cooking method. For all groups of compounds except for the sulphur, the amounts detected were higher when the cooking method was water‑boiling. Panel Compuestos aromáticos Vacuno Published

Se evaluo el efecto de la dominacion social en algunos indicadores de bienestar, produccion y calidad de la carne de toros jovenes. Se utilizaron un total de 60 toros de la raza Gasconne, 9 meses de edad, alojados en el interior. Los indices de orden de exito se calcularon para reflejar el dominio social de cada toro en tres categorias de clasificacion (baja, media y alta). Se tomaron muestras de sangre para medir el cortisol, el lactato, la glucosa, la creatina quinasa, el acido graso no esterificado y la proporcion de neutrofilos / linfocitos (N / L). Las muestras de M. longissimus se analizaron en terminos de pH, capacidad de retencion de agua (WHC), textura, color y atributos sensoriales. El rango social influyo en la respuesta al estres del ganado, que tuvo un efecto en el rendimiento productivo pero no en los rasgos de calidad de la carne, con la excepcion de los rasgos sensoriales. Estos resultados enfatizan la importancia de implementar las mejores practicas de manejo durante el manejo previo a la cosecha del ganado a fin de modular cualquier posible factor de riesgo de estres social.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:04:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Araucaria Foundation Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Essential oils are natural extracts from plants which can be included in cattle diets as an alternative to additives, such as ionophores, to improve the shelf life of meat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory acceptability of meat from 57 crossbred (1/2 Angus-1/2 Nellore) animals of different sexes [heifers n = 30, and young bulls n = 27], finished in feedlot with isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets, which differed in the level of supplementation (0.0, 3.5 or 7.0 g/animal/ day) with a commercial mix of essential oils (Mixoil (R)) from seven plants: oregano, garlic, lemon, rosemary, thyme, eucalyptus and sweet orange. The Longissimus thoracis muscle, aged for 24 h, was evaluated by 120 consumers who scored tenderness acceptability, flavour acceptability and overall acceptability using a hedonic 9-point scale. The inclusion of essential oils affected tenderness acceptability and flavour acceptability (P

Se estudió la calidad de la canal y la carne de lechales ovinos comerciales de raza Churra Tensina (n= 26) según la época de cría y sacrificio (primavera vs. otoño). Estos corderos se compararon con otros tipos comerciales amparados bajo marcas de calidad reconocidas en el mercado con denominación de Indicación Geográfica Protegida (IGP): Lechazo de Castilla-León (n= 13) y Ternasco de Aragón (n= 13). Todos los corderos fueron criados, seleccionados y sacrificados en condiciones comerciales. Tras el sacrificio, se valoró la calidad de la canal y de la carne en el músculo Longissimus thoracis y lumborum (LTL). Los lechales de Churra Tensina presentaron diferencias según la época de producción, fundamentalmente en las variables relacionadas con la composición tisular de la canal, presentando, los lechales de primavera, un mayor porcentaje de músculo y hueso, y menor de grasa que los de otoño (p≤0,001), así como una mayor proporción de los ácidos grasos C 12:0, CLA, C 20:2 n-3 o C 22:0 (p≤0,001) en la grasa intramuscular. Estas diferencias de composición no se reflejaron en el análisis sensorial, ya sea mediante panel entrenado o consumidores. La carne de los lechales de la raza Churra Tensina presentó una terneza superior (p≤0,001) a la de los productos IGP con los que se comparó, tanto instrumentalmente como sensorialmente (panel entrenado) y una mayor aceptabilidad tanto general, como del sabor y de la terneza (consumidores) (p≤0,001). Los resultados obtenidos reflejarían el potencial de dicha raza para la producción de lechales de calidad, en ambas estaciones del año.

The aim of this study was to assess the associations between the single nucleotide polymorphisms in CAPN1, CAST, DGAT1, FABP4, LEP, RORC and SCD1 genes and the sensory meat quality in an intensively fed commercial population (Charolais, Limousin and Retinta breed). This work carried out analyses on a common Spanish population and evaluated the association between the markers and sensory traits. A total of 161 bulls were allocated to two different feedlots with two different finishing diets. Steaks aged for 7 and 21 days were assessed by both untrained and trained sensory panels. A significant association and allelic substitution effect were observed for markers UoG-CAST, LEP: g.73C>T and SCD1: g.878T>C on different descriptors evaluated by a consumer panel (tenderness and overall acceptability). There are no precedents of these kinds of association studies in a Spanish commercial population. The study suggested that CAST, LEP and SCD1 genes have a potential effect on the different measurements of sensory meat quality.

We analysed the effect of a modified pen using a wooden screen with flaps and cereal straw as forage and bedding, on behaviour, stress response, performance and meat quality variables of lambs housed in feedlots. Sixty male lambs were placed in enriched (ESF) or conventional (CO) pens (3 pens/treatment, 10 lambs/pen). The CO environment was barren. The ESF lambs showed a great preference for the provided items, which encouraged more natural and richer behaviour, reducing stereotypies and lamb aggressions, and increasing affiliations (P ≤ 0.05), which improves group cohesion. However, ESF lambs also developed a more natural coping style to the handling, evidenced by the higher cortisol levels (65.4 vs. 43.8 nmol/L) and a higher eye temperature as response to the reactivity test (38.1 vs. 37.8 °C). The ESF lambs had a higher (P ≤ 0.05) slaughter weight (27.2 vs. 26.3 kg), conformation score (7.38 vs. 6.07) and pH 24 (5.63 vs. 5.56) but lower cooking losses (12.9 vs. 14.9%) than CO lambs.

The study analysed the effect of frozen storage duration (FSD: 0, 1, 9, 15 or 21 months) and display duration (DD: 0–24 h post-slaughter-, 3 and 6 days) in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on lamb quality. pH, colour, lipid oxidation, water holding capacity and instrumental texture were performed on Longissimus muscle in displayed fresh and thawed meat. FSD affected all the variables showing lower differences between fresh and 1 month storage than among them and longer FSD. Only cooking losses were not affected by DD in thawed meats. It was observed a general decrease in quality (lower redness and water holding capacity; higher yellowness and lipid oxidation) as FSD or DD increased and only texture was improved over DD being thawed meat more tender. In conclusion, lamb storage at − 18 °C should not exceed 1 month if thawed meat would be later displayed in MAP while meat would have an acceptable quality up to 21 months without subsequent display.

A total of 64 intensively reared Friesian steers were used in a 2×2×2 design to study the effects of age of castration (15 days old v. 5 months old), dietary protein level (14.6% v. 16.8%; DM basis) and lysine/methionine (lys/met) ratio (3.0 v. 3.4) on meat quality. The lys/met ratio of 3.0 was reached with supplementation of protected methionine. Animals were slaughtered at a live weight of 443.5 ± 26.2 kg at around 12 months of age. Colour and lipid oxidation were measured in the longissimus thoracis muscle throughout the 14 days of display under modified atmospheric and commercial display conditions. A panel of 17 consumers assessed daily the visual acceptability of the meat on display. A consumer acceptability eating test was also performed with 120 consumers in meat aged for 7 days under vacuum conditions. Lipid oxidation was not influenced by castration age and the protein level in the diet. Castration age did not affect meat colour, but meat from the low protein level diet and the low lys/met ratio showed higher redness (a*) from 3 days of display onwards. Nevertheless, from 6 days onwards, consumer visual acceptability was below the level of acceptance in all treatments, and even from 5 days onwards in those animals that underwent early castration and were fed either a high protein diet or a combination diet low in protein content and high in lys/met ratio. The best accepted treatments throughout the display period were those from late castrated animals fed a low protein diet, probably related to other visual aspects. However, the best accepted meat after consumption was that from late castrated animals fed high protein and high lys/met. The addition of protected methionine to reach lys/met levels of 3.0 did not improve beef acceptability, with the high protein diet being preferred by consumers in terms of palatability in late castrated animals.

Este trabajo analiza el impacto de la información sobre el efecto en la salud del enriquecimiento de la carne con ácidos grasos omega‑3 (n‑3) y el ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) y la experiencia sensorial sobre la importancia relativa de los atributos de la carne de vacuno (dieta animal, nivel de engrasamiento, precio, origen y color) en Barcelona, Zaragoza y Pamplona (n=647 consumidores). Se utilizó un experimento de elección que se analizó con el modelo Multinomial Generalizado y que fue aplicado antes y después de que los consumidores evaluaran la aceptabilidad de la carne enriquecida. Los atributos más importantes antes de recibir información y experiencia sensorial, fueron el nivel de engrasamiento y el precio. Además, el color fue relevante en Barcelona y Pamplona y el origen en Zaragoza y Pamplona. Después de recibir información y experiencia sensorial, el precio y la dieta animal fueron los factores más importantes. Los precios más bajos fueron elegidos en Zaragoza y los medio‑bajos en Pamplona y Barcelona, mientras que la carne enriquecida con n-3 fue elegida frente a la enriquecida con CLA o convencional. Los consumidores de Pamplona fueron los menos influenciados por la información, pero los más influenciados por la experiencia sensorial. Los resultados obtenidos permitirían desarrollar diferentes estrategias locales de comercialización para una carne enriquecida con n-3 basadas en la explotación de distintos atributos. This study evaluates the impact of information about the health benefits of enriched meat with omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids and conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) and the sensory experience on the relative importance of beef attributes (animal diet, level of fatness, price, origin, color), in Barcelona, Zaragoza and Pamplona (n = 647 consumers). A choice experiment analyzed with the Generalized Multinomial Model was applied before and after consumer evaluation of the acceptability of enriched beef. The most important attributes before receiving information and sensory experience were the level of fatness and price. In addition, color was relevant in Barcelona and Pamplona and origin in Zaragoza and Pamplona. After receiving information and sensory experience, price and animal diet were the most important attributes. The lowest prices were selected in Zaragoza and the medium-low prices in Pamplona and Barcelona, while n-3 enriched beef was chosen against CLA enriched meat or conventional beef. Consumers from Pamplona were the least influenced by information, but the most influenced by sensory experience. Results would allow developing different local marketing strategies for enriched meat with n-3 fatty acids based on the exploitation of different attributes. Esta investigación ha sido financiada por el Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agroalimentarias (Proyecto INIA RTA2009-00004-CO2).

The meat from 60 commercial suckling males of five Spanish goat breeds (n = 10 each) (Moncaina [MO], Pirenaica [PI], Negra Serrana [NS], Blanca Celtiberica [BC] [all meat or double purpose] and Murciano-Granadina [MG] [dairy purpose]) and one dairy sheep breed (Churra [CH]) was compared in laboratory-based (n = 119) and home-based (n = 70) consumer tests. In the laboratory, flavor (P ≤ 0.01), tenderness (P ≤ 0.001) and overall acceptability (P ≤ 0.001) differed significantly among the breeds, and MO, NS, MG and CH had the highest overall acceptability. In the home-based test, tenderness (P ≤ 0.01) and overall acceptability (P ≤ 0.05), but not flavor, differed significantly among the breeds, and MO, BC, MG and CH had the highest overall acceptability. In conclusion, the two consumer test evaluated were adequate for evaluating meat acceptability from suckling small ruminants, having comparable results, although consumer preferences were slightly higher and signification levels slightly lower under home conditions than under laboratory conditions. Practical Applications Consumer acceptance is a big aim of any food sector. Meat is a complex product to be evaluated because of its intrinsic variability and because it needs to be cooked previously to be assessed. Comparisons with the same animals, in different circumstances: cut, type of cooking and temperature, condiments, ambiance, as it occurs in home tests or laboratory tests hardly exist. In this paper, the same results have been obtained in both tests with meat from small ruminants. This will undoubtedly favor the development of meat consumer tests in the future.