295 results on '"Carlos E. Rodríguez"'
Search Results
2. Detection of activities in bathrooms through deep learning and environmental data graphics images
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David Marín-García, David Bienvenido-Huertas, Juan Moyano, Carlos Rubio-Bellido, and Carlos E. Rodríguez-Jiménez
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Activity recognition ,Bathrooms ,Environment ,CNN image classification ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Automatic detection activities in indoor spaces has been and is a matter of great interest. Thus, in the field of health surveillance, one of the spaces frequently studied is the bathroom of homes and specifically the behaviour of users in the said space, since certain pathologies can sometimes be deduced from it. That is why, the objective of this study is to know if it is possible to automatically classify the main activities that occur within the bathroom, using an innovative methodology with respect to the methods used to date, based on environmental parameters and the application of machine learning algorithms, thus allowing privacy to be preserved, which is a notable improvement in relation to other methods. For this, the methodology followed is based on the novel application of a pre-trained convolutional network for classifying graphs resulting from the monitoring of the environmental parameters of a bathroom. The results obtained allow us to conclude that, in addition to being able to check whether environmental data are adequate for health, it is possible to detect a high rate of true positives (around 80%) in some of the most frequent and important activities, thus facilitating its automation in a very simple and economical way.
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- 2024
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3. Biological treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater from coffee crops: selection and optimization of a biomixture and biobed design
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Fernando Oviedo-Matamoros, Marta E. Pérez-Villanueva, Mario Masís-Mora, Rónald Aguilar-Álvarez, Didier Ramírez-Morales, Michael Méndez-Rivera, and Carlos E. Rodríguez-Rodríguez
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coffee ,pesticide ,toxicity ,removal ,optimization ,wastewater ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The biopurification systems (BPS) or biobeds are employed for the treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater of agricultural origin. The use of these devices for pesticide removal requires the proper optimization of the composition of biomixtures (BPS active matrix) according to the target pesticides applied on a specific crop and the available materials used in their elaboration. This work aims to design a biomixture for the simultaneous treatment of several pesticides applied in coffee crops, according to local practices in Costa Rica. Three biomixtures containing either coffee husk, coconut fiber or rice husk (as the lignocellulosic substrate) were applied for the removal of 12 pesticides. The profiles of pesticide elimination and the mineralization of radiolabeled chlorpyrifos (14C-chlorpyrifos) revealed that the best performance was achieved with the coconut fiber biomixture, even though similar detoxification patterns were determined in every biomixture (according to immobilization in Daphnia magna and germination tests in Lactuca sativa). The optimization of this biomixture’s composition by means of a central composite design permitted the definition of two optimal compositions (compost:soil:coconut fiber, % v/v) that maximized pesticide removal: i. 29:7.3:63.7 and ii. 11:7.3:81.7. The validation of these optimized compositions also included the use of an alternative soil from another coffee farm and resulted in overall DT50 values of 7.8–9.0 d for the pesticide mixture. Considering the removal kinetics in the optimized biomixture, a 1 m3 BPS prototype was dimensioned to be eventually used in local coffee farms. This work provides relevant information for the design and implementation of BPS at on-farm conditions for the treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater of a major crop.
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- 2024
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4. Mutational Profile and Retinal Phenotypes of PCARE-Related Cone-Rod Dystrophies in a Mexican Cohort
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Víctor R. López-Rodríguez, Rocío Arce-González, Alan Martínez-Aguilar, Carlos E. Rodríguez-López, Sergio Groman-Lupa, M. Isabel Neria-González, Genaro Rodríguez-Uribe, and Juan C. Zenteno
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Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Purpose. The aim of the study is to describe the genotype and phenotype of a Mexican cohort with PCARE-related retinal disease. Methods. The study included 14 patients from 11 unrelated pedigrees with retinal dystrophies who were demonstrated to carry biallelic pathogenic variants in PCARE. Visual assessment methods included best corrected visual acuity, color fundus photography, Goldmann visual field test, kinetic perimetry, dark/light adapted chromatic perimetry, full-field electroretinography, autofluorescence imaging, and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography imaging. Genetic screening was performed either by gene panel sequencing or by exome sequencing. Results. According to the results of multimodal imaging and functional tests, all 14 patients were diagnosed with cone-rod dystrophy. Six different PCARE pathogenic alleles were identified in our cohort, including three novel mutations: c.3048_3049del (p.Tyr1016∗), c.3314_3315del (p.Ser1105∗), and c.551A > G (p.His184Arg). Notably, alleles p.His184Arg, p.Arg613∗, and p.Arg984∗ were present in 18 of the 22 (82%) PCARE alleles from probands in our cohort. Conclusion. Our work expands the PCARE mutational profile by identifying three novel pathogenic variants causing retinal dystrophy. While phenotypic variations occurred among patients, a cone-rod dystrophy pattern was observed in all affected individuals.
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- 2024
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5. Biocatalytic routes to stereo-divergent iridoids
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Néstor J. Hernández Lozada, Benke Hong, Joshua C. Wood, Lorenzo Caputi, Jérôme Basquin, Ling Chuang, Maritta Kunert, Carlos E. Rodríguez López, Chloe Langley, Dongyan Zhao, C. Robin Buell, Benjamin R. Lichman, and Sarah E. O’Connor
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Science - Abstract
Iridoid compounds are an important class of natural products. Here, the authors report on the discovery and engineering of nepetalactol-related short chain reductases and their application for the biosynthesis of nepetalactol or nepetalactone stereoisomers, as a versatile system for the production of the iridoid natural product scaffold.
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- 2022
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6. Refining an implementation strategy to enhance the reach of HIV-prevention and behavioral health treatments to Latino men who have sex with men
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Audrey Harkness, Elliott R. Weinstein, Alyssa Lozano, Daniel Mayo, Susanne Doblecki-Lewis, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Díaz, C. Hendricks Brown, Guillermo Prado, and Steven A. Safren
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Mental healing ,RZ400-408 ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background: Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM) experience HIV and behavioral health disparities. Yet, evidence-based interventions, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and behavioral health treatments, have not been equitably scaled up to meet LMSM needs. To address quality of life and the public health importance of HIV prevention, implementation strategies to equitably scale-up these interventions to LMSM need to be developed. This study identifies themes for developing culturally grounded implementation strategies to increase the uptake of evidence-based HIV-prevention and behavioral health treatments among LMSM. Methods: Participants included 13 LMSM and 12 stakeholders in Miami, an HIV epicenter. Feedback regarding the content, design, and format of an implementation strategy to scale-up HIV-prevention and behavioral health services to LMSM were collected via focus groups ( N = 3) and individual interviews ( N = 3). Themes were inductively identified across the Health Equity Implementation Framework (HEIF) domains. Results: Analyses revealed five higher order themes regarding the design, content, and format of the implementation strategy: cultural context, relationships and networks, navigation of health information and systems, resources and models of service delivery, and motivation to engage. Themes were applicable across HEIF domains, meaning that the same theme could have implications for both the development and implementation of the implementation strategy. Conclusions: Findings highlight the importance of addressing culturally specific factors, leveraging relational networks, facilitating navigation of health systems, tailoring to available resources, and building consumer and implementer motivation in order to refine an implementation strategy for reducing mental health burden and achieving HIV health equity among LMSM. Plain Language Summary Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM) are diagnosed with HIV and experience mental health and substance use problems more than their non-Latino/non-MSM peers. This means there is a disparity: one group is burdened by a disease more than another group. There are interventions, like pre-exposure prophylaxis and mental health/substance use treatment that can address this disparity. But, LMSM do not have enough access to these. This means there is a healthcare disparity: one group does not have as much access to healthcare as another group. The purpose of this study was to create a program to help LMSM get these services and consider how to implement it. LMSM and potential implementers talked about factors to consider in developing this program and implementation. They said the program and implementation need to (1) consider the cultural context in which LMSM are embedded, (2) leverage LMSM and implementers’ networks, (3) increase LMSM and implementers’ ability to navigate complex health systems, (4) be tailored to the resources available to consumers and implementers, and (5) build consumer and implementer motivation. These factors are important to address when developing and implementing programs to help LMSM get HIV-prevention and behavioral health treatments.
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- 2022
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7. Tolerance and Biological Removal of Fungicides by Trichoderma Species Isolated From the Endosphere of Wild Rubiaceae Plants
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Efraín Escudero-Leyva, Pamela Alfaro-Vargas, Rodrigo Muñoz-Arrieta, Camila Charpentier-Alfaro, María del Milagro Granados-Montero, Katherine S. Valverde-Madrigal, Marta Pérez-Villanueva, Michael Méndez-Rivera, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Priscila Chaverri, and J. Aníbal Mora-Villalobos
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biodegradation ,bioremediation ,ecotoxicity ,fungal endophytes ,organic agriculture ,Trichoderma ,Agriculture ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
The transition from conventional to organic agriculture is often challenged by the adaptation of biological control agents to environments heavily exposed to agrochemical pollutants. We studied Trichoderma species isolated from living leaf tissues of wild Rubiacaeae (coffee family) plants to determine their fungicide tolerance and potential for bioremoval. First, we assessed the in vitro tolerance to fungicides of four Trichoderma isolates (Trichoderma rifaii T1, T. aff. crassum T2, T. aff. atroviride T3, and T. aff. strigosellum T4) by placing mycelial plugs onto solid media supplemented with seven different systemic and non-systemic fungicides. After a week, most of the fungicides did not significantly inhibit the growth of the isolates, except in the case of cyproconazole, where the only isolate able to grow was T1; however, the colony morphology was affected by the presence of fungicides. Second, biological removal potential was established for selected isolates. For this experiment, the isolates T1, T2, and T4 were independently inoculated into liquid media with the fungicides azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, cyproconazole, and trifloxystrobin. After 14 days of incubation, a removal of up to 89% was achieved for chlorothalonil, 46.4% for cyproconazole, and 33.1% for trifloxystrobin using viable biomass. In the case of azoxystrobin, the highest removal (82.2%) occurred by adsorption to fungal biomass. Ecotoxicological tests in Daphnia magna revealed that T1 has the highest removal potential, achieving significant elimination of every fungicide, while simultaneously detoxifying the aqueous matrix (except in the case of cyproconazole). Isolate T4 also exhibited an intermediate efficiency, while isolate T2 was unable to detoxify the matrix in most cases. The removal and detoxification of cyproconazole failed with all the isolates. These findings suggest that endosphere of wild plants could be an attractive guild to find new Trichoderma species with promising bioremediation capabilities. In addition, the results demonstrate that attention should be placed when combining certain types of agrochemicals with antagonistic fungi in Integrated Pest and Disease Management strategies or when transitioning to organic agriculture.
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- 2022
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8. Análisis de la influencia del coeficiente de transferencia de calor en la caracterización de la transmitancia térmica de fachadas con el método termométrico
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David Bienvenido-Huertas, Manuel Jesús Carretero-Ayuso, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Jiménez, David Marín-García, and Juan Moyano
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transmitancia térmica ,fachadas ,método termométrico ,coeficiente de transferencia de calor ,ensayo ,Architecture ,NA1-9428 ,Building construction ,TH1-9745 - Abstract
Caracterizar la transmitancia térmica de fachadas es uno de los pasos más importantes en los trabajos de auditoría energética. Para ello, existe una amplia variedad de métodos experimentales. Uno de los métodos de mayor utilización es el método termométrico. Sin embargo, existe una brecha de conocimiento en relación con el planteamiento de análisis de datos. Por este motivo, en este estudio se analizó la viabilidad de utilizar diferentes planteamientos para el método termométrico. Para ello, se analizaron 20 fachadas y se plantearon 9 formulaciones diferentes utilizando aproximaciones para el coeficiente total de transferencia de calor existentes en la literatura científica. Asimismo, se evaluaron dos planteamientos de análisis de datos (media aritmética de las medidas instantáneas, y media del sumatorio del numerador y del denominador), así como el filtrado de datos necesario de aplicar. Los resultados permitieron determinar la configuración de análisis más adecuada para aplicar el método.
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- 2021
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9. Author Correction: Biocatalytic routes to stereo-divergent iridoids
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Néstor J. Hernández Lozada, Benke Hong, Joshua C. Wood, Lorenzo Caputi, Jérôme Basquin, Ling Chuang, Maritta Kunert, Carlos E. Rodríguez López, Chloe Langley, Dongyan Zhao, C. Robin Buell, Benjamin R. Lichman, and Sarah E. O’Connor
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Science - Published
- 2022
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10. Homogenización de barreras de arcilla para residuos nucleares
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Antonio Gens, Ramon B. de Vasconcelos, Carlos E. Rodríguez, Jean Vaunat, and María Victoria Villar
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Barreras de bentonita ,Residuos nucleares ,Homogenización ,Geology ,QE1-996.5 ,Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction ,TA703-712 - Abstract
Las funciones de seguridad de las barreras de bentonita para residuos nucleares dependen principalmente del valor de su densidad seca (o porosidad). La evolución de esta variable durante la fase transitoria de la barrera es compleja. El artículo presenta una formulación teórica para calcular, mediante análisis numéricos acoplados, los cambios de densidad seca debidos a la hidratación de la barrera, prestando una especial atención a los procesos de homogenización. Se ha adoptado un modelo constitutivo de doble estructura para representar de forma más realista el comportamiento mecánico (tensión-deformación) de la bentonita. Utilizando la formulación presentada, se han simulado satisfactoriamente dos ensayos de hidratación, con distintas condiciones de contorno, sobre muestras que exhibían un elevado grado de heterogeneidad inicial. Los análisis predicen correctamente la saturación final de la muestra, el valor de la presión final de hinchamiento y, sobre todo, el proceso de homogenización que se produce durante los ensayos. El modelo de doble estructura utilizado ha permitido examinar los fenómenos de hidratación y homogenización desde una perspectiva más amplia.
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- 2021
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11. Airway Remodeling Factors During Early-Life Rhinovirus Infection and the Effect of Premature Birth
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Xilei XuChen, Jered Weinstock, Maria Arroyo, Kyle Salka, Elizabeth Chorvinsky, Karima Abutaleb, Hector Aguilar, Ryan Kahanowitch, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Martínez, Geovanny F. Perez, Maria J. Gutierrez, and Gustavo Nino
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rhinovirus (RV) ,airway remodeling ,prematurity ,infancy ,growth factor ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background: Early rhinovirus (RV) infection is a strong risk factor for asthma development. Airway remodeling factors play a key role in the progression of the asthmatic condition. We hypothesized that RV infection in young children elicits the secretion of growth factors implicated in airway remodeling and asthma progression.Methods: We examined the nasal airway production of remodeling factors in children ( ≤ 2 years old) hospitalized due to PCR-confirmed RV infection. Airway remodeling proteins included: MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-10, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, EGF, Angiopoietin-2, G-CSF, BMP-9, Endoglin, Endothelin-1, Leptin, FGF-1, Follistatin, HGF, HB-EGF, PLGF, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, FGF-2, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, PDGF AA, PDGF BB, SPARC, Periostin, OPN, and TGF-α.Results: A total of 43 young children comprising RV cases (n = 26) and uninfected controls (n = 17) were included. Early RV infection was linked to (1) enhanced production of several remodeling factors (e.g., HGF, TGFα), (2) lower MMP-9/TIMP-2 and MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratios, and (3) increased MMP-10/TIMP-1 ratios. We also found that relative to term infants, severely premature children had reduced MMP-9/TIMP-2 ratios at baseline.Conclusion: RV infection in young children elicits the airway secretion of growth factors implicated in angiogenesis, fibrosis, and extracellular matrix deposition. Our results highlight the potential of investigating virus-induced airway remodeling growth factors during early infancy to monitor and potentially prevent chronic progression of respiratory disorders in all ages.
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- 2021
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12. The use of β2-adrenoreceptor agonists in viral bronchiolitis: scientific rationale beyond evidence-based guidelines
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Gustavo Nino, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Martínez, and Jose A. Castro-Rodriguez
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Medicine - Abstract
Despite scientific evidence proving that inhaled β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) agonists can reverse bronchoconstriction in all ages, current guidelines advocate against the use of β2-AR bronchodilators in infants with viral bronchiolitis because clinical trials have not demonstrated an overall clinical benefit. However, there are many different types of viral bronchiolitis, with variations occurring at an individual and viral level. To discard a potentially helpful treatment from all children regardless of their clinical features may be unwarranted. Unfortunately, the clinical criteria to identify the infants that may benefit from bronchodilators from those who do not are not clear. Thus, we summarised the current understanding of the individual factors that may help clinicians determine the highest probability of response to β2-AR bronchodilators during viral bronchiolitis, based on the individual immunobiology, viral pathogen, host factors and clinical presentation.
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- 2020
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13. Phenotypical Sub-setting of the First Episode of Severe Viral Respiratory Infection Based on Clinical Assessment and Underlying Airway Disease: A Pilot Study
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Maria Arroyo, Kyle Salka, Geovanny F. Perez, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Martínez, Jose A. Castro-Rodriguez, Maria J. Gutierrez, and Gustavo Nino
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wheezing ,cytokines ,respiratory viral ,airway immunity ,viral bronchiolitis phenotyping ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Introduction: Viral bronchiolitis is a term often used to group all infants with the first episode of severe viral respiratory infection. However, this term encompasses a collection of different clinical and biological processes. We hypothesized that the first episode of severe viral respiratory infection in infants can be subset into clinical phenotypes with distinct outcomes and underlying airway disease patterns.Methods: We included children (≤2 years old) hospitalized for the first time due to PCR-confirmed viral respiratory infection. All cases were categorized based on primary manifestations (wheezing, sub-costal retractions and hypoxemia) into mild, hypoxemia or wheezing phenotypes. We characterized these phenotypes using lung-X-rays, respiratory outcomes and nasal protein levels of antiviral and type 2 cytokines (IFNγ, IL-10, IL-4, IL-13, IL-1β, and TNFα).Results: A total of 50 young children comprising viral respiratory infection cases (n = 41) and uninfected controls (n = 9) were included. We found that 22% of viral respiratory infection cases were classified as mild (n = 9), 39% as hypoxemia phenotype (n = 16) and 39% as wheezing phenotype (n = 16). Individuals in the hypoxemia phenotype had more lung opacities, higher probability of PICU admission and prolonged hospitalizations. Subjects in the wheezing phenotype had higher probability of recurrent sick visits. Nasal cytokine profiles showed that individuals with recurrent sick visits in the wheezing phenotype had increased nasal airway levels of type 2 cytokines (IL-13/IL-4).Conclusion: Clinically-based classification of the first episode of severe viral respiratory infection into mild, hypoxemia or wheezing phenotypes provides critical information about respiratory outcomes, lung disease patterns and underlying airway immunobiology.
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- 2020
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14. Taxonomy of Defects in Auxiliary Elements of Facades and Its Relation with Lawsuits Filed by Property Owners
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Manuel J. Carretero-Ayuso, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Jiménez, Maria Teresa Pinheiro-Alves, and Enrique Fernández-Tapia
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forensic engineering ,exterior wainscots ,cornices ,external windowsills ,damages ,Building construction ,TH1-9745 - Abstract
While at first it can be thought that the auxiliary elements of facades are merely ornamental with little practical function, this study shows that these components of the building envelope have a high impact on the envelope’s functioning and performance. This is carried out through the analysis of all relevant lawsuits filed in Spain over a 10 year period, a data set in which a surprisingly high number of 1033 cases of defects was found to affect external windowsills, exterior wainscots or cornices (the three auxiliary elements considered) was found. Considering the total number of lawsuits, this is an objectively unprecedented study. An analysis is carried out regarding the interrelations between elements, defects, causes, and types of buildings, with the aim of obtaining a sorted classification of the data. This constitutes a useful tool to prevent future problems arising from either the design, execution, or maintenance of facades. These include various issues resulting from humidities, one of the most frequent envelope defects, which are found to significantly affect the auxiliary elements of facades.
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- 2022
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15. Educational intervention to improve pharmacist knowledge to provide care for transgender patients
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Jurynelliz Rosa Vega, Edgar Carlo, Andrés Rodríguez-Ochoa, Jonathan Hernández-Agosto, Darlene Santiago Quiñones, Damián Cabrera-Candelaria, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Díaz, and Kyle Melin
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pharmacists ,pharmaceutical services ,education pharmacy continuing ,transgender persons ,transsexualism ,sexual and gender minorities ,healthcare disparities ,cultural competency ,educational measurement ,controlled before-after studies ,puerto rico ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Background: Most pharmacists have not received formal training or education in the provision of care for transgender patients. Nonetheless, pharmacists have the potential to be valuable partners in the care of transgender patients, and a continuing education course might be valuable in addressing this knowledge gap. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of a three-hour continuing education course in improving the knowledge of pharmacists to provide pharmaceutical care for transgender patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental, one-group pre-test/post-test study design was used to measure the impact of a three-hour continuing pharmacy education course on the knowledge of pharmacists on transgender care. The course was divided into three units: (1) Transgender Patient Care Introduction, (2) General Health Issues of Transgender Patients, and (3) Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy. A total of 68 pharmacists participated in the study, of which 54 completed both the pre- and post-test. An ANOVA was used to compare differences in knowledge in the group before and after the educational intervention. Results: The majority of the participating pharmacists were cisgender, heterosexual women who had not received any formal training related to transgender care. Participants demonstrated the largest increase in execution score in the third unit, with a percent improvement of 25.22% (pre-test 45.06%, post-test 70.28%; p
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- 2020
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16. Community Pharmacy Response in the Aftermath of Natural Disasters: Time-Sensitive Opportunity for Research and Evaluation
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Kyle Melin and Carlos E. Rodríguez-Díaz
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
One year ago, Hurricane Maria passed over the archipelago of Puerto Rico, leaving widespread disruption of nearly all human services, including the health care sector. In the aftermath of the hurricane, limited access to medical care and prescription medications presented a serious challenge to maintaining control of preexisting chronic diseases. Many patients did not have access to refrigeration for heat-sensitive medications. Significant dietary changes due to the limited availability of shelf-stable foods further exacerbated chronic conditions such as heart failure and diabetes. The role of community pharmacists following a natural disaster has previously been documented, and may include the triage of evacuees, assessment of immunization needs, and provision of prescription medications under a collaborative practice agreement. However, our experience in Puerto Rico demonstrated a variety of barriers limited pharmacists’ ability to adequately respond to the magnitude of this disaster. These included medication shortages, extended loss of power, and limited telecommunications for contacting prescribers, disaster relief agencies, and third-party payers. Ultimately, the lack of preexisting emergency protocols made overcoming such barriers difficult. As the first and sometimes only accessible health care provider to many patients following a natural disaster, we must build a solid evidence base and better understanding of the individual, interpersonal, and environmental factors that contribute to the community pharmacist response. To date, however, a paucity of data exists on both the pharmacist and patient factors, which may contribute to an effective immediate response to patient needs at the community pharmacy following a natural disaster. Future research must focus on these multi-level factors to better inform public policy and effective disaster planning. Ultimately, such research and planning will lead to increased resiliency in our primary health care systems in the face of future disasters.
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- 2018
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17. Aspergilosis pulmonar invasiva: reporte de un caso
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Sonia M. Restrepo-Gualteros, Lina E. Jaramillo-Barberi, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Martínez, Germán Camacho-Moreno, and Gustavo Niño
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Medicine ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 - Abstract
El hongo Aspergillus spp. causa infecciones oportunistas en huéspedes inmunocomprometidos. Cursa con una variedad de síndromes clínicos en el pulmón, que incluyen aspergilosis invasiva, aspergilosis pulmonar necrótica crónica, aspergilosis broncopulmonar alérgica y aspergiloma, cuya manifestación depende del tipo de relación con el huésped. El aspergiloma resulta de lesiones colonizadas por Aspergillus spp. en el árbol bronquial, en tanto que las formas invasivas se caracterizan por la presencia de hifas por debajo de la membrana basal del árbol bronquial. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el caso de una paciente con aspergilosis pulmonar invasiva en su forma de traqueobronquitis seudomembranosa, considerando el curso clínico, el diagnóstico y el manejo paraclínico. Se trató de una paciente de cinco años de edad con antecedentes de anemia de Fanconi, que fue llevada a consulta con neutropenia febril y neumonía. Se inició el tratamiento antibiótico con cefepime, sin mejoría clínica. La tomografía computadorizada (TC) de tórax reveló opacidades parenquimatosas en ambas bases pulmonares. En una fibrobroncoscopia se encontró una lesión exofítica blanquecina en el bronquio principal derecho, que se sometió a biopsia, y se practicó un lavado broncoalveolar. En el examen de histopatología se hallaron hifas tabicadas a 45°, y el resultado del cultivo reveló la presencia del complejo Aspergillus flavi, por lo que se inició la administración de voriconazol. Se revisaron los reportes en la literatura científica sobre la infección pulmonar por Aspergillus spp. en niños, con énfasis en los síndromes clínicos, y en su manejo y tratamiento. Ante la presencia de síntomas respiratorios en pacientes pediátricos con enfermedades hematológicas que cursen con neutropenia febril, es indispensable considerar como agentes etiológicos los hongos, entre los cuales Aspergillus spp. se presenta frecuentemente causando diferentes síndromes clínicos.
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- 2015
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18. Creación del programa de especialización en psiquiatría de la Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud
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Carlos E. Rodríguez-Angarita
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Published
- 2017
19. Mantenimiento y conservación de la memoria en un grupo de ancianos
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Carlos E. Rodríguez-Angarita
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Deterioro cognoscitivo ,Anciano ,Estimulación cognoscitiva ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objetivo: Descripción clínica y sociodemográfica de un grupo de ancianos de la comunidad que asistieron a las actividades de Mantenimiento y Conservación de la Memoria. Materiales y métodos: Serie de 21 ancianos catalogados por su estado cognoscitivo según la prueba de NEUROPSI, presencia de síntomas somáticos, ansiedad, disfunción social y depresión mediante el Cuestionario General de Salud (GHQ-28), además de determinar el grado de satisfacción de acuerdo con la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida). Resultados: Veintiuna personas con edad promedio de 73,5 años (DE: 7,3 años), rango: 57-82; el 90,5% mujeres, sin relación de pareja vigente el 71,4%, con escolaridad de 1 a 5 años el 66,5%, asistieron asiduamente durante los últimos 6 años el 42,9%, sin deterioro cognoscitivo el 76,2%, sin síntomas somáticos el 90,5% ni ansiedad el 90,5%, sin disfunción social el 95,2% ni depresión el 95,2%, satisfechos con la vida el 76,1%. Conclusiones: La ausencia de deterioro cognoscitivo es semejante a la de la población general. No muestran trastornos depresivos, ansiedad ni quejas somáticas, tienen un buen nivel de funcionamiento e integración sociales y están satisfechos con la vida. A pesar de las limitaciones de la descripción de una muestra pequeña, los resultados nos animan a continuar este trabajo e implementar investigaciones más rigurosas.
- Published
- 2017
20. Validación inicial de una escala para medir el nivel de sobrecarga de padres o cuidadores de niños asmáticos
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Ángela M. Pedraza, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Martínez, and Ranniery Acuña
- Subjects
asthma, validation studies, workload, parents, children, family caregivers, pediatrics ,Medicine ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 - Abstract
Introducción. A pesar de la alta probabilidad de que los padres o cuidadores de niños asmáticos presenten sobrecarga, no se han validado instrumentos para medirla en el contexto del asma pediátrica. Objetivo. Iniciar la validación de una escala para medir la sobrecarga de los padres o cuidadores de niños asmáticos y determinar los factores asociados con esta sobrecarga. Materiales y métodos. Mediante un estudio analítico de corte transversal se midió el nivel de sobrecarga de los padres o cuidadores de niños asmáticos de 1 a 16 años, utilizando una versión abreviada de la escala de Zarit. Se hizo un análisis factorial exploratorio de los componentes principales de esta escala, y se evaluó su validez de constructo y su validez interna. Se ajustaron modelos de regresión logística para identificar los factores asociados con una sobrecarga intensa en los padres o cuidadores de los niños asmáticos. Resultados. La mediana (rango intercuartílico) de la edad de los 162 niños analizados fue de 6 años (rango, 4 a 9). Del total de padres o cuidadores, 37 (22,8 %) estaban experimentando sobrecarga intensa. El análisis factorial mostró una estructura probable de dos factores que, en conjunto, explican el 61,5 % de la varianza total de los resultados. La única variable que se asoció de forma independiente con una sobrecarga intensa en el análisis multivariado, fue el asma no controlada (OR=5,38; IC95 %:1,43-20,16; p=0,012). Conclusiones. La escala de Zarit utilizada tiene una aceptable validez interna y una adecuada validez de constructo para determinar el nivel de sobrecarga que experimentan los padres o cuidadores de niños asmáticos. El grado de control del asma del niño fue la única variable que se asoció de forma independiente con este nivel de sobrecarga. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i3.813
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- 2013
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21. Impact of the implementation of an evidence-based guideline on diagnostic testing, management, and clinical outcomes for infants with bronchiolitis
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Ricardo Henao-Villada, Monica P. Sossa-Briceño, and Carlos E. Rodríguez-Martínez
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Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Background: Although bronchiolitis poses a significant health problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), to the best of our knowledge, to date it has not been determined whether evidence-based bronchiolitis clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) complemented by standardized educational strategies reduce the use of unnecessary diagnostic tests and medications and improve clinically important outcomes in LMICs. Methods: In an uncontrolled before and after study, we assessed the impact of the implementation of an evidence-based bronchiolitis CPG on physician behavior and the care of infants with bronchiolitis by comparing pre-guideline (March to August 2014) and post-guideline (March to August 2015) use of diagnostic tests and medications through an electronic medical record review in a children’s hospital in Bogota, Colombia. We also sought to assess the impact of the implementation of the CPG on clinically important outcomes such as lengths of stay, hospital admissions, intensive care admissions, and hospital readmissions. Results: Data from 662 cases of bronchiolitis (pre-guideline period) were compared with the data from 703 cases (post-guideline period). On comparing the pre- and post-guideline periods, it was seen that there was a significant increase in the proportion of patients with an appropriate diagnosis and treatment of bronchiolitis (36.4% versus 44.5%, p = 0.003), and there were statistically significant decreases in the use of a hemogram (33.2% versus 26.6%, p=0.010), procalcitonin (3.9% versus 1.6%, p =0.018), nebulized beta-2 agonists (45.6% versus 3.4%, p < 0.001), nebulized anticholinergics (3.3% versus 1.4%, p= 0.029), and nebulized epinephrine (16.2% versus 7.8%, p < 0.001). Likewise, a significant increase in the use of nebulized hypertonic saline was seen (79.6% versus 91.7%, p < 0.001). However, implementation of the CPG for bronchiolitis was not associated with significant changes in clinically important outcomes. Conclusions: The development and implementation of a good quality bronchiolitis CPG is associated with a significant increase in the proportion of cases with an appropriate diagnosis and treatment of the disease in the context of a university-based hospital located in the capital of an LMIC. However, we could not demonstrate an improvement in clinically important outcomes such as any of the bronchiolitis severity parameters.
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- 2016
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22. Patents Analysis of Thermal Bridges in Slab Fronts and Their Effect on Energy Demand
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David Bienvenido-Huertas, Juan Antonio Fernández Quiñones, Juan Moyano, and Carlos E. Rodríguez-Jiménez
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patents ,thermal bridges ,slab fronts ,linear thermal transmittance ,energy demand ,Technology - Abstract
Nowadays, the building sector is one of the main sources emitting pollutant gases to the atmosphere due to its deficient energy behaviour. Among the elements of the envelope, the thermal bridges are where the heat losses and gains mainly occur, depending on the season of the year. To reduce the effect of the thermal bridges, there are different patented technologies which give provide solutions. In this paper, the thermal behaviour of five patented slab front (slab-façade) thermal bridges are analysed in a case study located in the south of Spain. Moreover, the influence of the thermal bridge on the energy demand from the building analysed was evaluated, both in the current scenario and future ones (2020, 2050 and 2080). The results reveal that the use of the patents in slab fronts can mean reductions by up to 95.74% in the linear thermal transmittance. Likewise, due to the improvement of the thermal bridge of slab fronts by using the patented designs which offered the best features, a savings in the global energy demand for heating higher than 18% as well as a savings in the global energy demand for cooling higher than 2.80% could be achieved in all the time scenarios considered.
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- 2018
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23. Improving the On-Line Extraction of Polar Compounds by IT-SPME with Silica Nanoparticles Modified Phases
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Pascual Serra-Mora, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Palma, Jorge Verdú-Andrés, Rosa Herráez-Hernández, and Pilar Campíns-Falcó
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in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) ,polar herbicides ,capillary liquid chromatography ,SiO2 nanoparticles ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In the present work the extraction efficiency of in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) for polar herbicides has been evaluated using extractive capillaries coated with different polymeric sorbents. For this purpose, aqueous solutions of herbicides with a wide range of polarities, including some highly polar compounds (log Kow < 1), have been directly processed by IT-SPME coupled on-line to capillary liquid chromatography with UV-diode array detection. For extraction, commercially available capillary columns coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyetilenglicol (PEG)-based phases have been used, and the results have been compared with those obtained with a synthesized tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)-trimethoxyethylsilane (MTEOS) polymer, as well as the same polymer reinforced with silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs). The SiO2 NPs functionalized TEOS-MTEOS coating provided the best results for most herbicides, especially for the most polar compounds. On the basis of the results obtained, conditions for the quantification of the herbicides tested are described using a SiO2 NPs reinforced TEOS-MTEOS coated capillary. The proposed method provided satisfactory linearity up to concentrations of 200 μg/L. The precision was also suitable, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) values ≤9% (n = 3), and the limits of detection (LODs) were within the 0.5–7.5 µg/L range. The method has been applied to different water samples and the extract obtained from an agricultural soil.
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- 2018
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24. Validación de la versión en español del Childhood Asthma Control Test (cACT) en una población de pacientes pediátricos asmáticos
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Carlos E. Rodríguez- Martínez, Julie Andrea Melo Rojas, Sonia Restrepo Gualteros, Gustavo Niño, and Mónica P. Sossa Briceño
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Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN A pesar de la importancia de la valoración periódica del control del asma, del adecuado control de la enfermedad como un objetivo terapéutico y de la alta prevalencia de asma pediátrica que tienen varios países de habla hispana, no hay suficientes estudios de validación de cuestionarios destinados a evaluar el control del asma en pacientes pediátricos asmáticos de habla hispana. OBJETIVO Validar la versión en español del Childhood Asthma Control Test (cACT) en una población de pacientes pediátricos asmáticos en la ciudad de Bogotá. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS En un estudio de cohorte prospectiva y de validación de escala, pacientes asmáticos con edades comprendidas entre 4 y 11 años, y sus padres, asistieron a una consulta basal y a una de seguimiento 2 a 6 semanas después. En estas consultas se recolectó la información necesaria para valorar la validez de criterio, la validez de constructo, la fiabilidad test-retest, la sensibilidad al cambio, la consistencia interna y la usabilidad del cACT. RESULTADOS Se incluyeron 143 pacientes con edad media de 7,9 ± 9,1 años. En la consulta basal, la mediana (rango intercuartílico) de la puntuación del cACT fue significativamente diferente entre los pacientes con asma bien controlada, parcialmente controlada y no controlada (24,0 [23,0-26,0]; 18,0 [18,0-22,0] y 17,5 [13,0-20,0], respectivamente, p < 0,001), y entre los pacientes a los que en esta consulta basal se les aumentó, se les mantuvo igual o se les disminuyó la terapia controladora (18,0 [15,0-21,0]; 24,0 [23,0- 24,0] y 26,0 [23,5-26,0], respectivamente, p < 0,001). El coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) de las mediciones de los pacientes sin cambio en su condición clínica fue de 0,755 (IC 95%: 0,503-1,00). La puntuación basal del cACT fue significativamente diferente de la puntuación medida en el seguimiento de los pacientes con mejoría en su condición clínica (19,0 [18,0-22,0] vs 24,5 [24,0-25,0], p < 0,001). El alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,8276 para la totalidad del cuestionario. CONCLUSIONES La versión en español del Childhood Asthma Control Test (cACT) tiene adecuadas validez de criterio, validez de constructo, fiabilidad test-retest, sensibilidad al cambio y consistencia interna, y una excelente usabilidad, cuando se utiliza en pacientes pediátricos asmáticos con edades comprendidas entre los 4 y los 11 años.
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- 2015
25. Análisis de costo-utilidad del uso de esteroides inhalados continuos vs. intermitentes para el tratamiento del asma leve persistente
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Carlos E. Rodríguez- Martínez, Gustavo Niño, and José A. Castro- Rodríguez
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Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN A pesar de los múltiples beneficios que se han demostrado con la administración continua de esteroides inhalados para el tratamiento del asma persistente, está surgiendo una nueva estrategia para dicho propósito, que consiste en utilizar los esteroides de manera intermitente o a necesidad, junto con beta-2 de acción corta, para aliviar los síntomas del asma. Sin embargo, no se han hecho evaluaciones económicas que comparen estas dos estrategias terapéuticas. OBJETIVO Hacer un estudio de costo-utilidad para comparar el uso diario con el intermitente de esteroides inhalados para el tratamiento de pacientes con asma leve persistente. MÉTODOS Se desarrolló un modelo de Markov para comparar los desenlaces y los costos de las dos estrategias en una cohorte simulada de pacientes pediátricos con asma persistente tratados por un período de 12 meses. Los parámetros de efectividad se obtuvieron de una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Los datos de costos se obtuvieron de bases de datos suministradas por el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. El desenlace principal fue la variable “años de vida ajustados por calidad” (AVAC o QALYs). RESULTADOS Para el análisis del caso base, el modelo mostró que comparado con el uso intermitente de esteroides inhalados, su uso continuo se asoció con menores costos ($807.612,96 vs. $1.081.135,44 y $1.302.137,76 vs. $1.385.648,88 promedio por paciente, en escolares y en preescolares respectivamente), y con una mayor ganancia en AVAC (0,9629 vs. 0,9392 AVAC y 0,9238 vs. 0,9130 AVAC, en escolares y preescolares respectivamente), por lo que se consideró la terapia continua como la estrategia dominante. CONCLUSIONES El presente análisis muestra que, comparada con la terapia intermitente, la terapia diaria con esteroides inhalados para tratar pacientes pediátricos con asma leve persistente es una estrategia dominante (más costo-efectiva), debido a que se asocia con una mayor ganancia de AVAC con menores costos totales de tratamiento.
- Published
- 2015
26. Caracterización de la infección pulmonar por citomegalovirus en niños sin virus de inmunodeficiencia humana
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Sonia M. Restrepo- Gualteros, Lina E. Jaramillo- Barberi, Mónica González- Santos, Carlos E. Rodríguez- Martínez, Geovanny F. Pérez, María J. Gutiérrez, and Gustavo Niño
- Subjects
Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN El citomegalovirus (CMV) es un patógeno frecuente en los hospederos inmunocomprometidos, en los que puede causar neumonía grave. Existen pocas descripciones de la neumonía por CMV en pacientes inmunocomprometidos y aún menos en inmunocompetentes tanto adultos como niños. Dada la importancia que reviste establecer las pautas diagnósticas tempranas, por su gravedad, se hace necesario documentar el comportamiento clínico, paraclínico y radiológico, y los antecedentes de los pacientes pediátricos con este diagnóstico. OBJETIVOS Describir las características clínicas, paraclínicas y radiológicas de una serie de pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de neumonía por CMV atendidos en el Hospital de la Misericordia en el período comprendido entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2013. MÉTODOS Se revisaron los registros clínicos, radiológicos y de laboratorio de los niños con neumonía por CMV. RESULTADOS En esta serie de casos pediátricos caracterizamos la infección pulmonar por CMV en 15 niños no infectados por el VIH (mediana de edad de 3 años), con el uso de modalidades de diagnóstico molecular y de imagen, en combinación con los signos y síntomas respiratorios. Los hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio más importantes incluyeron tos (100%), hipoxemia (100%), estertores (100%) y aumento del esfuerzo respiratorio (93%). Todos los pacientes tenían imágenes anormales del parenquima pulmonar; en 80% de los casos estas correspondían a opacidad en vidrio esmerilado/consolidación. Se detectó CMV en el pulmón, por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en el lavado broncoalveolar o por histología/ inmunohistoquímica en biopsias de pulmón. El CMV causó insuficiencia respiratoria en 47% de los niños infectados y la tasa de mortalidad global fue del 13,3%. CONCLUSIÓN La neumonía por CMV es una enfermedad potencialmente fatal en los niños no infectados por el VIH por lo que se requiere un alto índice de sospecha. Patrones clínicos y radiológicos comunes como la hipoxemia, los estertores y las opacidades pulmonares en vidrio esmerilado podrían permitir la identificación temprana de la infección pulmonar por CMV en la población pediátrica, lo que puede conducir a la pronta iniciación de la terapia antiviral y a mejores resultados clínicos.
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- 2015
27. Relación entre las condiciones meteorológicas y el virus respiratorio sincitial en un país tropical
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Carlos E. Rodríguez- Martínez, Mónica P. Sossa- Briceño, and Ranniery Acuña- Cordero
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bronquiolitis ,humedad ,lluvia ,virus sincitial respiratorio ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN El virus respiratorio sincitial (VRS) es una de las principales causas de infección respiratoria aguda baja (IRAB) en lactantes y niños pequeños. Aunque existe evidencia que sugiere asociación entre ciertos parámetros meteorológicos y la actividad del VRS en la comunidad, para el caso de países tropicales de ingresos bajos y medios (PIBM) solamente existe una cantidad limitada de información acerca de esta asociación. MÉTODOS Estudio de corte transversal con componente analítico en el que se examinaron las asociaciones entre el número mensual de infecciones por VRS y variables meteorológicas (temperatura, humedad relativa, precipitación, velocidad del viento y radiación solar) en una población de niños hospitalizados menores de 36 meses con infección respiratoria aguda por VRS. RESULTADOS Del total de 1.548 niños incluidos (edad promedio: 9,2 ± 8,5 meses), 1.194 (77,1%) presentaron infección por VRS durante el período comprendido entre enero y abril de 2010, periodo que corresponde a la primera temporada anual de lluvias en la ciudad. En el análisis multivariado, tras controlar por la velocidad del viento, la humedad relativa y la radiación solar, la temperatura (IRR 3,14; IC 95%: 1,56-6,30; p = 0,001) y la precipitación (IRR 1,008; IC 95% 1,00-1,01; p = 0,048) se asociaron de forma independiente con el número mensual de infecciones por VRS. CONCLUSIONES En Bogotá, una ciudad tropical latinoamericana, el VRS es una causa importante de la IRAB en lactantes y niños pequeños, especialmente durante el período de 3 meses, desde marzo a mayo, la primera temporada anual de lluvias en la ciudad. El promedio de temperatura y la precipitación fueron las variables meteorológicas más fuertemente asociadas con el aislamiento de VRS en niños hospitalizados con IRAB de la ciudad.
- Published
- 2015
28. Validación de la versión en español del Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK) en una población de preescolares con síntomas sugestivos de asma
- Author
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Carlos E. Rodríguez- Martínez, Gustavo Niño, and José A. Castro- Rodríguez
- Subjects
Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN Aunque las principales guías de manejo del asma resaltan la importancia de lograr el control de la enfermedad como objetivo terapéutico, y recomiendan evaluar periódicamente el grado de control logrado para guiar la terapia escalonada de la enfermedad, y de que la magnitud de la carga de enfermedad generada por el asma entre los pacientes pediátricos es especialmente significativa en menores de 5 años, hasta la fecha no se ha validado ningún cuestionario para evaluar el grado de control del asma en pacientes de habla hispana menores de 5 años. OBJETIVO Validar la versión en español del Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK) en una población de preescolares con síntomas sugestivos de asma en la ciudad de Bogotá. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS En un estudio de cohorte prospectiva y de validación de escala los padres y/o cuidadores de pacientes menores de 5 años con síntomas sugestivos de asma asistieron a una consulta basal y a una consulta de seguimiento 2 a 6 semanas después. En estas consultas se recolectó la información necesaria para evaluar la validez de criterio, la validez de constructo, la fiabilidad test-retest, la sensibilidad al cambio, la consistencia interna y la usabilidad del TRACK. RESULTADOS Se incluyeron 240 pacientes con edad media de 40,02 ± 10,9 meses. La mediana (RIC) de la puntuación del TRACK fue significativamente diferente entre los pacientes con asma bien controlada, asma parcialmente controlada y asma no controlada (90,0 [75,0-95,0], 75,0 [55,0-85,0] y 35,0 [25,0-55,0], respectivamente, p < 0,001). La puntuación del TRACK fue significativamente diferente entre los pacientes clasificados como sintomáticos actuales y como sintomáticos en el pasado reciente (42,5 [25,0-55,0] vs. 85,0 [75,0-90,0], p < 0,001). El coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) de las mediciones fue de 0,755 (IC 95%: 0,503-1,00). Todos los pacientes que presentaron mejoría en su condición clínica tuvieron un incremento de 10 o más puntos entre la medición basal y la de seguimiento del TRACK. El alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,77 para la totalidad del cuestionario. CONCLUSIONES La versión en español del Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK) tiene adecuadas validez de criterio, validez de constructo, fiabilidad test-retest, sensibilidad al cambio y usabilidad, y una moderada consistencia interna, cuando se utiliza en menores de 5 años con síntomas sugestivos de asma para determinar el control de su enfermedad.
- Published
- 2015
29. Health Care Practices and Associated Service Needs in a Sample of HIV-Positive Incarcerated Men in Puerto Rico
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Carlos E. Rodríguez-Díaz PhD, MPHE, MCHES, Rosa M. Rivera-Negrón MS, Michael C. Clatts PhD, and Janet J. Myers PhD
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Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Objective: This report describes the HIV-related health care practices and associated support service needs of a sample of HIV-positive incarcerated men in Puerto Rico. Methods: Data are derived from a random sample of HIV-positive incarcerated men (n = 37) in Puerto Rico who completed a brief survey. Analysis included descriptive statistics to examine lifetime prevalence of substance use, selected health care practices, receipt of services, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Results: Most men (97.3%) reported history of alcohol or drug use, prior incarceration, and drug use as the main risk factors for HIV infection (73.0%). In all, 83.8% of the men reported having had their first HIV screening test in a correctional facility, 55.6% reported intermittent HIV therapy, and most (83.8%) had also been diagnosed with HCV. Conclusions: Correctional facilities can be important settings for engaging high-risk populations in health care, capturing and enrolling unidentified HIV/HCV infections for clinical care, and engaging in substance abuse treatment. In order for these public health outcomes to be achieved, it is important to consider strategies to optimize care inside prison and in the community.
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- 2014
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30. CARACTERIZACIÓN DE REDES DE APOYO SOCIAL PARA ADULTOS MAYORES DE UN GRUPO BÁSICO DE TRABAJO
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Chavely Villavicencio Galván, Carlos E. Rodríguez García, Edgar F. Romero Monteagudo, Vivian Fernández Arboláez, and Mayra Fleites Machado
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
La investigación se orientó a caracterizar las redes de apoyo social en adultos mayores pertenecientes al Grupo Básico de Trabajo # 3 del policlínico “Capitán Roberto Fleites”, en la ciudad de Santa Clara. Se realizó un estudio con diseño descriptivo, y la muestra quedó constituida por 305 ancianos, escogidos mediante un muestreo estratificado bietápico, que constituyen el 13,14 % de la población del grupo Básico de Trabajo. Se aplicó una entrevista estructurada a diferentes fuentes: ancianos, miembros de la red, médicos y enfermeros de la familia, triangulando la información obtenida. Los datos fueron almacenados en un fichero mediante el programa computacional SPSS versión 9.0. Se aplicó la prueba de Chi cuadrado para comparar los por cientos correspondientes a las diferentes categorías de una variable. Las redes de apoyo social se caracterizaron por tener una baja diversidad en la composición, y se centró en los hijos el cuidado de los ancianos, con una funcionabilidad deficiente y una conducta de apoyo que no satisface las necesidades específicas de los adultos mayores, por lo que el grado de efectividad de las redes de apoyo social es insuficiente.
- Published
- 2011
31. Psicología, arte y ciencia
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Carlos E. Rodríguez
- Subjects
Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Published
- 2008
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32. La identificación del talento en la formación profesional. Diseño y resultado de una estrategia
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Dalgys Pérez Luján, Ibis M. Álvarez Valdivia, and Carlos E. Rodríguez García
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Talento ,Formación profesional ,Identificación ,Universidad ,Estrategia ,Education ,Education (General) ,L7-991 - Abstract
A partir del análisis crítico de las vías utilizadas en la Universidad Central “Martha Abreu” de Las Villas para la identificación del talento en la formación profesional, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo el diseño e implementación de una estrategia psicopedagógica que permite superar las deficiencias encontradas en este proceso. Como referente teórico se asume el enfoque Histórico-Cultural. Las implicaciones metodológicas derivadas de esta posición avalan la novedad de la propuesta al concebir la identificación del talento como una evaluación de las necesidades educativas del alumno centrada en la formación profesional. La efectividad de la propuesta se evalúa a través de un estudio de casos múltiples lo que permite desde una perspectiva cualitativa analizar las regularidades y particularidades del funcionamiento talentoso abriendo las posibilidades para la creación de contextos educativos desarrolladores del talento.
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- 2008
33. Biosynthesis of strychnine
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Hong, Benke, Grzech, Dagny, Caputi, Lorenzo, Sonawane, Prashant, López, Carlos E. Rodríguez, Kamileen, Mohamed Omar, Hernández Lozada, Néstor J., Grabe, Veit, and O’Connor, Sarah E.
- Published
- 2022
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34. Publisher Correction: Biosynthesis of strychnine
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Hong, Benke, Grzech, Dagny, Caputi, Lorenzo, Sonawane, Prashant, López, Carlos E. Rodríguez, Kamileen, Mohamed Omar, Hernández Lozada, Néstor J., Grabe, Veit, and O’Connor, Sarah E.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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35. Ecotoxicity of pesticide formulations and their mixtures: the case of potato crops in Costa Rica
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Michael Méndez-Rivera, Didier Ramírez-Morales, José R. Montiel-Mora, and Carlos E. Rodríguez-Rodríguez
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Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,General Medicine ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Toxicology - Published
- 2023
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36. Seguimiento por Whatsapp durante un año a pacientes con intento suicida atendidos en el Servicio de Urgencias de un hospital universitario privado
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Carlos E. Rodríguez-Angarita, Nandy Rodríguez V., Julián Mateo Benítez M., Lina Gómez R., Rafael Muñoz H., and Viviana Peñaranda L.
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Embryology ,Cell Biology ,Anatomy ,Developmental Biology - Published
- 2022
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37. COVID-19 Clinical Footprint to Infer About Mortality
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Carlos E. Rodríguez and Ramsés H. Mena
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Methodology (stat.ME) ,FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Statistics and Probability ,Economics and Econometrics ,Applications (stat.AP) ,Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty ,Statistics - Applications ,Statistics - Methodology ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Information of 1.6 million patients identified as SARS-CoV-2 positive in Mexico is used to understand the relationship between comorbidities, symptoms, hospitalizations and deaths due to the COVID-19 disease. Using the presence or absence of these latter variables a clinical footprint for each patient is created. The risk, expected mortality and the prediction of death outcomes, among other relevant quantities, are obtained and analyzed by means of a multivariate Bernoulli distribution. The proposal considers all possible footprint combinations resulting in a robust model suitable for Bayesian inference., 23 pages and 6 figures
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- 2022
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38. A Bayesian mixture model for clustering circular data.
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Carlos E. Rodríguez, Gabriel Núñez-Antonio, and Gabriel Escarela
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- 2020
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39. Factors associated with individual and couple participation in online sexual health research with Latinx sexual minority men
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Gabriel Robles, Trey V. Dellucci, Beverlin Rosario-Williams, Ruben H. Jimenez, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Díaz, and Tyrel J. Starks
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Latinx sexual minority men (LSMM) have higher rates of HIV incidence than most other ethnic and racial groups. Given that transmission risk is higher among primary partners, it is critical to identify factors that would facilitate partner recruitment into couples-based sexual health research studies. The present study utilizes a sample of index participants (Los hombres latinx de minorías sexuales (LSMM) tienen tasas más altas de incidencia del VIH que la mayoría de los otros grupos étnicos. Dado que el riesgo de transmisión es mayor entre las parejas principales, es fundamental identificar los factores que facilitarían el reclutamiento de la pareja en los estudios de investigación sobre salud sexual centrados en las parejas. El estudio actual utiliza una muestra “
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- 2022
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40. Reactions to Testing HIV Negative: An Assessment of Measurement Invariance and Associations with Condomless Anal Sex among English and Spanish-speaking Latinx Sexual Minority Men in the United States
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Gabriel Robles, Jane J. Lee, Addam Reynolds, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Díaz, and H. Jonathon Rendina
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Infectious Diseases ,Social Psychology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health - Published
- 2023
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41. Molecular mechanisms of Eda-mediated adaptation to freshwater in threespine stickleback
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Carlos E. Rodríguez‐Ramírez, Melanie Hiltbrunner, Verena Saladin, Stephanie Walker, Araxi Urrutia, and Catherine L. Peichel
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Genetics ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,570 Biowissenschaften ,Biologie - Abstract
A main goal of evolutionary biology is to understand the genetic basis of adaptive evolution. Although the genes that underlie some adaptive phenotypes are now known, the molecular pathways and regulatory mechanisms mediating the phenotypic effects of those genes often remain a black box. Unveiling this black box is necessary to fully understand the genetic basis of adaptive phenotypes, and to understand why particular genes might be used during phenotypic evolution. Here, we investigated which genes and regulatory mechanisms are mediating the phenotypic effects of the Eda haplotype, a locus responsible for the loss of lateral plates and changes in the sensory lateral line of freshwater threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) populations. Using a combination of RNAseq and a cross design that isolated the Eda haplotype on a fixed genomic background, we found that the Eda haplotype affects both gene expression and alternative splicing of genes related to bone development, neuronal development and immunity. These include genes in conserved pathways, like the BMP, netrin and bradykinin signalling pathways, known to play a role in these biological processes. Furthermore, we found that differentially expressed and differentially spliced genes had different levels of connectivity and expression, suggesting that these factors might influence which regulatory mechanisms are used during phenotypic evolution. Taken together, these results provide a better understanding of the mechanisms mediating the effects of an important adaptive locus in stickleback and suggest that alternative splicing could be an important regulatory mechanism mediating adaptive phenotypes.
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- 2023
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42. Biosynthesis of strychnine
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Benke Hong, Dagny Grzech, Lorenzo Caputi, Prashant Sonawane, Carlos E. Rodríguez López, Mohamed Omar Kamileen, Néstor J. Hernández Lozada, Veit Grabe, and Sarah E. O’Connor
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Multidisciplinary ,Metabolic Engineering ,Tobacco ,Strychnine ,Biosynthetic Pathways - Abstract
Strychnine is a natural product that, through isolation, structural elucidation and synthetic efforts, shaped the field of organic chemistry. Currently, strychnine is used as a pesticide to control rodents1 because of its potent neurotoxicity2,3. The polycyclic architecture of strychnine has inspired chemists to develop new synthetic transformations and strategies to access this molecular scaffold4, yet it is still unknown how plants create this complex structure. Here we report the biosynthetic pathway of strychnine, along with the related molecules brucine and diaboline. Moreover, we successfully recapitulate strychnine, brucine and diaboline biosynthesis in Nicotiana benthamiana from an upstream intermediate, thus demonstrating that this complex, pharmacologically active class of compounds can now be harnessed through metabolic engineering approaches.
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- 2022
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43. As-Needed Use of Short-Acting β2-Agonists Alone Versus As-Needed Use of Short-Acting β2-Agonists Plus Inhaled Corticosteroids in Pediatric Patients With Mild Intermittent (Step 1) Asthma: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
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Carlos E. Rodríguez-Martínez, Monica P. Sossa-Briceño, and Jefferson Antonio Buendia
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Immunology and Allergy - Published
- 2022
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44. Copula Particle Filters.
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Carlos E. Rodríguez and Stephen G. Walker
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- 2021
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45. Disease burden and vaccination priorities in Colombia
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Lina María, Quitián, Carlos E, Rodríguez-Martinez, Mónica P, Sossa-Briceño, and Jorge Alberto, Cortés
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General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Vaccination ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,HIV Infections ,Colombia ,Middle Aged ,Infectious Diseases ,Cost of Illness ,Humans ,Molecular Medicine ,Pandemics ,Aged - Abstract
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination is considered a potentially effective strategy for controlling the disease. The objective of this study is to estimate the number of people with a high risk of morbidity and those who should be prioritized in immunization planning in Colombia.The population at risk by age was identified from the national census data of 2018. Various sources were identified to obtain information on the number of patients with different comorbidities, including heart failure, diabetes, chronic kidney failure, cancers, HIV infection, and obesity. Sources were also identified to estimate the number of health workers, teachers and military and police force personnel.By 2021, Colombia is estimated to have a total of 51,049,498 inhabitants, of whom 14% will be people over 60 years of age. Additionally, of the people with comorbidities younger than 60 years old, 5,233,241 inhabitants are expected to be obese, 592,726 are expected to have diabetes mellitus, 216,389 are expected to have chronic kidney disease, and 521,263 are expected to have heart failure, totaling 15,055,697 individuals. Combining the high-priority groups and health workers, a projected 20 million people will have mortality risk factors.For Colombia's vaccination strategy to have an impact on reducing mortality, population groups with risk factors, corresponding to approximately 15 million inhabitants, as well as essential workers should be prioritized.
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- 2022
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46. The use of a Spanish-translated PrEP Stigma Scale among the Latino sample of the UNITE cohort study
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Gabriel Robles, Jonathan López-Matos, Jorge Cienfuegos-Szalay, Carlos E. Rodríguez-Díaz, and H. Jonathon Rendina
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Social Psychology ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health - Published
- 2023
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47. Contributors
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Manuel A. Acuña-Zegarra, Alma Y. Alanis, Francisco Aleman, Guillermo de Anda-Jáuregui, Sofia Bernal-Silva, Pablo Castañeda, Gerardo Chowell, Alexandre Colato, Andreu Comas-García, Ruth Corona-Moreno, Agustina D’Jorge, Liliana Durán-Polanco, Philip J. Gerrish, Alejandro H. González, Abba B. Gumel, Shuai Han, Mauricio Hernández-Ávila, Enrique Hernández-Lemus, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas, Yin Jiang, Gabriel Martinez-Soltero, Ramsés H. Mena, Rafael Meza, Calistus N. Ngonghala, Mayra Núñez-López, T.Y. Okosun, Ryosuke Omori, Gamaliel A. Palomo-Briones, Nancy F. Ramirez, Daniel Ríos-Rivera, Carlos E. Rodríguez, Erika E. Rodriguez Torres, Fernando Saldaña, Ignacio J. Sánchez, Mario Santana-Cibrian, Mario Siller, Sarah Skolnick, Anuj Srivastava, Horst Stoecker, Mayra R. Tocto-Erazo, Angélica Torres-Díaz, Jorge X. Velasco-Hernández, Lingxiao Wang, Rodrigo Zepeda-Tello, and Kai Zhou
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- 2023
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48. Modelling a hydration and heating column test on unsaturated bentonite using a double-porosity approach
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Ramon Vasconcelos, Antonio Gens, Jean Vaunat, Carlos E. Rodríguez, Maria V. Villar, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Enginyeria del Terreny, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GGMM - Grup de Geotècnia i Mecànica de Materials
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Bentonite ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Bentonita ,Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
A controlled re-saturation of a heated 50 cm long column made of MX-80 bentonite pellets in the CIEMAT laboratory facilities (Madrid, Spain) has been running for 10 years (2011-2021). The experimental data on the saturation state and the swelling response of the bentonite material at high temperatures provided useful information for the verification of a double-porosity approach that considers the hydro-mechanical coupling between the micro- and macro-pore levels and the definition of retention curves for each structural domain. The numerical modelling with this double-porosity model has shown to be able to reproduce the main behaviour features observed in the lab test.
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- 2023
49. Statistical modeling to understand the COVID-19 pandemic
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Carlos E. Rodríguez and Ramsés H. Mena
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- 2023
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50. Homogenization of unsaturated bentonite during hydration
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Antonio Gens, Ramon Vasconcelos, Carlos E. Rodríguez, Jean Vaunat, María Victoria Villar, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Enginyeria del Terreny, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GGMM - Grup de Geotècnia i Mecànica de Materials
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Bentonite ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Bentonita ,Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Bentonite barriers are a key component in may designs of deep geological repositories for high level nuclear waste. During the hydration stage, the bentonite undergoes non-uniform changes in dry density that may persist even after reaching a fully saturated state. Since dry density controls the properties of the bentonite that ensure the functions of safety of the barrier, the potential of bentonite for homogenization or otherwise is a matter of high relevance. The paper presents the results and the analyses of two hydration tests on initially heterogenous samples, especially designed to explore the phenomena and processes underlying the homogenisation of bentonite materials. The formulation and constitutive model used in the analyses are briefly presented followed by a description of the tests. Subsequently, the experimental dataobtained from the tests are discussed together with the results of the hydromechanical analyses performed. Particular attention is given to the degree of homogenization of the specimens achieved at the end of the tests. The simulations have resulted in a very satisfactory agreement with test observations, especially egarding the final state of the samples, thus enhancing the confidence in the numerical tool employed. The work presented has been developed in the framework of the Bentonite Mechanical Evolution Project (BEACON). The project receives funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 under grant agreement No 745942. The support of Conacyt (Id. no. 710153) to the third author is also gratefully acknowledged.
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- 2023
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