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Cannabinoids are emerging as promising treatments for inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis. Specifically, cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptors, which are upregulated during inflammation, have been distinctively linked to anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. HU308, a synthetic cannabinoid developed to activate CB2 receptors selectively, aims to minimize unwanted off-target side effects. This study evaluated the effectiveness of both cannabidiol (CBD) and HU308 in mouse models of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis, which mimic the acute and chronic phases of ulcerative colitis. Mice were treated with DSS in drinking water (four percent for the acute model and one to two percent for the chronic model) to induce colitis, as indicated by increased disease activity index (DAI) scores and inflammatory markers. Treatment with 60 mg/kg of CBD, but not lower doses, significantly reduced colitis symptoms, such as inflammation, cytokine levels, and MPO activity, while also normalizing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels. HU308 showed comparable efficacy to high-dose CBD (60 mg/kg) but at a much lower dose (2.5 mg/kg), without observable toxicity. HU308 effectively normalized DAI scores, colon inflammation, ammonia levels, and GLP-1 expression in both colitis models. These results suggest that both CBD and HU308 are promising treatments for ulcerative colitis. However, HU308 demonstrates enhanced therapeutic potential by achieving similar outcomes at a fraction of the dose required for CBD, reducing the risk of off-target side effects. The ability of HU308 to modulate GLP-1, a biomarker of gut endocrine function, further underscores its promise as a novel treatment option.

Recent clinical successes have intensified interest in using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors for therapeutic gene delivery. The liver is a key clinical target, given its critical physiological functions and involvement in a wide range of genetic diseases. In the present study, we first investigated the validity of a liver xenograft mouse model repopulated with primary hepatocytes using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (sn-RNA-seq) by studying the transcriptomic profile of human hepatocytes pre- and post-engraftment. Complementary immunofluorescence analyses performed in highly engrafted animals confirmed that the human hepatocytes organize and present appropriate patterns of zone-dependent enzyme expression in this model. Next, we tested a set of rationally designed HSPG de-targeted AAV-LK03 variants for relative transduction performance in human hepatocytes. We used immunofluorescence, next-generation sequencing, and single-nucleus transcriptomics data from highly engrafted FRG mice to demonstrate that the optimally HSPG de-targeted AAV-LK03 displayed a significantly improved lobular transduction profile in this model.

Nesta entrevista, Maria José Martins de Souza fala sobre o percurso de construção da Política Estadual de Plantas Medicinais e Aromáticas, e sobre vivências do passado como uma forma de imaginar outros futuros possíveis para a saúde pública no Estado paulista.

Nesta entrevista, Andresa Baja apresenta o caminho percorrido pela cidade de Promissão/SP na implementação do programa farmácia viva.

Nesta entrevista, Lúcia Helena Terenciani Rodrigues Pereira apresenta o itinerário seguido por Ribeirão Preto/SP ao implementar a oferta de fitoterápicos no município.

Abstract Background To verify the use of pain drawing to assess multisite pain in with primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and to assess its divergent validity, test–retest reliability, intra- and inter-rater reliability and measurement errors. Methods Cross-sectional study. Adult women with self-reported PD three months prior to the study. Women answered the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and the pain drawing during two consecutive menstruations. The pain drawings were digitalized and assessed for the calculation of total pain area (%). Intra- and inter-rater reliability and the test–retest reliability between the first and the second menstruations were assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Measurement errors were calculated with the standard error of measurement (SEM), smallest detectable change (SDC) and the Bland–Altman plot. Spearman correlation (rho) was used to check the correlation between the total pain area and pain intensity of the two menstruations. Results Fifty-six women (24.1 ± 3.1 years old) participated of the study. Their average pain was 6.2 points and they presented pain in the abdomen (100%), low back (78.6%), head (55.4%) and lower limbs (50%). All reliability measures were considered excellent (ICC > 0.75) for the total pain area; test–retest SEM and SDC were 5.7% and 15.7%, respectively. Inter-rater SEM and SDC were 8% and 22.1%, respectively. Correlation between total pain area and pain intensity was moderate in the first (rho = 0.30; p = 0.021) and in the second menstruations (rho = 0.40; p = 0.002). Conclusion Women with PD presented multisite pain, which could be assessed with the pain drawing, considered a reliable measurement.

The aim of this study was to characterize the network structure of grief-related functional impairment symptoms as measured by The Grief Impairment Scale (GIS) in 520 Peruvian individuals who have experienced the death of a family member or loved one. A psychological network model was applied to evaluate the estimation, stability, and accuracy of the network during the analysis sequence. The results indicated that the inability to perform activities at work, school, or home was the most central symptom in the entire network. However, the presence of high instability in the centrality indices indicates that the central node may differ in other cultural contexts. The networks were invariant according to sex. The most influential node in the women's group was their inability to perform activities at work, school, or home. In men, the most central node was the presence of health problems due to bereavement. The results would help to better understand functional impairment due to bereavement [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cannabinoids are emerging as promising treatments for inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis. Specifically, cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptors, which are upregulated during inflammation, have been distinctively linked to anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. HU308, a synthetic cannabinoid developed to activate CB2 receptors selectively, aims to minimize unwanted off-target side effects. This study evaluated the effectiveness of both cannabidiol (CBD) and HU308 in mouse models of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis, which mimic the acute and chronic phases of ulcerative colitis. Mice were treated with DSS in drinking water (four percent for the acute model and one to two percent for the chronic model) to induce colitis, as indicated by increased disease activity index (DAI) scores and inflammatory markers. Treatment with 60 mg/kg of CBD, but not lower doses, significantly reduced colitis symptoms, such as inflammation, cytokine levels, and MPO activity, while also normalizing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels. HU308 showed comparable efficacy to high-dose CBD (60 mg/kg) but at a much lower dose (2.5 mg/kg), without observable toxicity. HU308 effectively normalized DAI scores, colon inflammation, ammonia levels, and GLP-1 expression in both colitis models. These results suggest that both CBD and HU308 are promising treatments for ulcerative colitis. However, HU308 demonstrates enhanced therapeutic potential by achieving similar outcomes at a fraction of the dose required for CBD, reducing the risk of off-target side effects. The ability of HU308 to modulate GLP-1, a biomarker of gut endocrine function, further underscores its promise as a novel treatment option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) afecta al sistema cardiovascular, ya sea mediante la agresión directa viral o indirectamente por medio de la inflamación sistémica y afectación multiorgánica. Las troponinas son ampliamente utilizadas para determinar lesión cardiaca. La finalidad de este estudio es evaluar la prevalencia de afectación cardiaca (ACARD) en una población recuperada de COVID-19, derivada a resonancia magnética cardiaca (RMC), sin elevación de troponinas al momento del estudio. Métodos: Ciento cincuenta y seis pacientes que se recuperaron de COVID-19 y que no presentaron elevación de troponinas fueron derivados a RMC. Se consideró ACARD a la presencia de: realce tardío de gadolinio (RTG), edema, miocarditis, pericarditis, deterioro de la función sistólica del ventrículo izquierdo (DFSVI) y/o depresión de la función sistólica del ventrículo derecho (DFSVD). Resultados: La prevalencia de ACARD fue del 28.8%, siendo más frecuente en hombres (p = 0.002), en pacientes que requirieron hospitalización (p = 0.04) y en aquellos que cursaron cuadro no leve de infección (p = 0.007). La DFSVD (17.9%) y la DFSVI (13.4%) fueron las hallazgos más frecuentes. La frecuencia de miocarditis fue del 0.6%. El RTG se manifestó en el 7.1% de los pacientes y se relacionó con menor fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) (p = 0.0001) y derecho (FEVD) (p = 0.04). Conclusión: La prevalencia de ACARD fue del 28.8%. Esta es más frecuente en hombres, en pacientes que requirieron internación y que cursaron cuadros de infección no leve. La miocarditis presentó una prevalencia muy baja. Los pacientes que presentaron RTG tuvieron menor FEVI y FSVD.

Abstract Iodine deficiency represents a public health problem worldwide. To increase the amount of iodine in the diet, biofortification strategies of plants have been tried. They rely on the exogenous administration of iodine to increase its absorption and accumulation. However, iodine is not stable in plants and can be volatilized as methyl iodide through the action of specific methyltransferases encoded by the HARMLESS TO OZONE LAYER (HOL) genes. The release of methyl iodide in the atmosphere represents a threat for the environment due to its ozone depletion potential. Rice paddies are among the strongest producers of methyl iodide. Thus, the agronomic approach of iodine biofortification is not appropriate for this crop, leading to further increases of iodine emissions. In this work, we used the genome editing CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knockout the rice HOL genes and investigate their function. OsHOL1 resulted a major player in methyl iodide production, since its knockout abolished the process. Moreover, its overexpression reinforced it. Conversely, knockout of OsHOL2 did not produce effects. Our experiments helped elucidating the function of the rice HOL genes, providing tools to develop new rice varieties with reduced iodine emissions and thus more suitable for biofortification programs without further impacting on the environment.

Introduction: The COVID-19 quarantine has greatly affected university students in Peru, generating a series of physical, psychological and behavioral effects. Objective: To determine the factors associated with anxiety, depression, somatization and experiential avoidance in peruvian university students quarantined by COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out. The sample was made up of 1264 university students from various departments of Peru, anxiety, depression, somatization and experiential avoidance were taken as dependent variables, which were evaluated with the questionnaire "The Inventory of unadjusted psychosocial behavior, in the presence of COVID-19 in the Peruvian population” and the AAQ II, for the statistical analysis the chi square was used Results: More than half of the university students in Peru present between 3 and 6 of the 6 anxiety indicators, and this same number of depression indicators is presented by 45% of the sample. 30% of the sample has between 3 and 6 indicators of somatization and 40.3% of the sample is located in the middle upwards on the experiential avoidance scale. Conclusions: There are differences in the levels of anxiety, somatization and experiential avoidance between men and women, it was also found that older students had lower levels of anxiety, depression and experiential avoidance, but not in somatization.

Introduction: Willingness to learn is an important study variable for any educational institution, since it isconsistent with institutional policy of improving quality to the provided educational services.Objective:The main objective is to identify and compare the different levels of Willingness to Learn, consideringthe gender and different academic programs or careers, among the students of a private university.Methods:Descriptive and comparative study, through the administration of the Willingness to LearnScale, in a sample of 762 male and female university students of Medical School, Psychology, Law, CivilEngineering, Administration and Management School (IVth, Vth and VIth academic semester).Results:Wefound significant differences considering gender; women show better or higher levels of Willingness toLearn, compared to men. Students of Engineering program showed a lower level of Willingness to Learn.Conclusion:We found significant differences among levels of Willingness to Learn, considering genderand academic program or career