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1. Grandiose narcissism, unfounded beliefs, and behavioral reactions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Magdalena Żemojtel-Piotrowska, Artur Sawicki, Jarosław Piotrowski, Uri Lifshin, Mabelle Kretchner, John J. Skowronski, Constantine Sedikides, Peter K. Jonason, Mladen Adamovic, Oli Ahmed, Kokou A. Atitsogbe, Laith Al-Shawaf, Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah, Rahkman Ardi, Uzma Azam, Zana Hasan Babakr, Einar Baldvin Baldursson, Sergiu Bălțătescu, Konstantin Bochaver, Aidos Bolatov, Mario Bonato, Harshalini Y. Bundhoo, Trawin Chaleeraktrakoon, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Richard G. Cowden, Victor Counted, Gisela de Clunie, Sonya Dragova-Koleva, Carla Sofia Esteves, Valdiney V. Gouveia, Katherine Gundolf, Salima Hamouda, Carmen Haretche, Evelyn Hye Kyung Jeong, Dzintra Iliško, Najma Iqbal Malik, John Jamir Benzon Aruta, Fanli Jia, Veljko Jovanović, Tomislav Jukić, Doroteja Pavan Jukić, Shanmukh V. Kamble, Narine Khachatryan, Martina Klicperova-Baker, Christoph Kogler, Emil Knezović, Metodi Koralov, Monika Kovacs, Walaa Labib M. Eldesoki, Aitor Larzabal Fernandez, Kadi Liik, Sadia Malik, John Maltby, Karine Malysheva, Agim Mamuti, Jasmina Mangafic, Chanki Moon, Taciano L. Milfont, Stephan Muehlbacher, Reza Najafi, Emrah Özsoy, Joonha Park, Pablo Pérez de León, Iva Polackova Solcova, Jano Ramos-Diaz, Goran Ridic, Ognjen Riđić, Adil Samekin, Andrea Spoto, Andrej Starc, Delia Stefenel, Kiều Thị Thanh Trà, Habib Tiliouine, Robert Tomšik, Jorge Torres-Marín, Charles S. Umeh, Eduardo Wills-Herrera, Anna Wlodarczyk, Zahir Vally, Christin‐Melanie Vauclair, Illia Yahiiaiev, and Somayeh Zand

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract A theoretical perspective on grandiose narcissism suggests four forms of it (sanctity, admiration, heroism, rivalry) and states that these forms conduce to different ways of thinking and acting. Guided by this perspective, we examined in a multinational and multicultural study (61 countries; N = 15,039) how narcissism forms are linked to cognitions and behaviors prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As expected, differences in cognitions and behaviors across narcissism forms emerged. For example, higher narcissistic rivalry predicted lower likelihood of enactment of COVID-19 prevention behaviors, but higher narcissistic sanctity predicted higher likelihood of enactment of COVID-19 prevention behaviors. Further, whereas the heroism, admiration, and rivalry narcissism forms acted in a typically antisocial manner, with high narcissism predicting greater endorsement of unfounded health beliefs, the sanctity form acted in a prosocial manner, with higher narcissism being linked to lower endorsement of unfounded COVID-19 health beliefs. Thus, the findings (a) support the idea of four narcissism forms acting differently, and (b) show that these differences reflect a double-edged sword, sometimes linking to an anti-social orientation, and sometimes linking to a pro-social orientation.

Published
2024
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2. Love and affectionate touch toward romantic partners all over the world

Author

Agnieszka Sorokowska, Marta Kowal, Supreet Saluja, Toivo Aavik, Charlotte Alm, Afifa Anjum, Kelly Asao, Carlota Batres, Aicha Bensafia, Boris Bizumic, Mahmoud Boussena, David M. Buss, Marina Butovskaya, Seda Can, Antonin Carrier, Hakan Cetinkaya, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Rosa María Cueto, Marcin Czub, Seda Dural, Agustín Espinosa, Carla Sofia Esteves, Tomasz Frackowiak, Jorge Contreras-Garduño, Farida Guemaz, Ivana Hromatko, Herak Iskra, Feng Jiang, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Tina Kavcic, Nicolas Kervyn, Nils C. Köbis, Aleksandra Kostić, András Láng, Torun Lindholm, Zoi Manesi, Norbert Meskó, Girishwar Misra, Conal Monaghan, Jean Carlos Natividade, George Nizharadze, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Miriam Parise, Marija Pejičić, Annette Pisanski, Kasia Pisanski, Camelia Popa, Pavol Prokop, Ruta Sargautyte, Shivantika Sharad, Franco Simonetti, Piotr Sorokowski, Michal Mikolaj Stefanczyk, Anna Szagdaj, Meri Tadinac, Karina Ugalde González, Olga Uhryn, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Gyesook Yoo, Maja Zupančič, and Ilona Croy

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Touch is the primary way people communicate intimacy in romantic relationships, and affectionate touch behaviors such as stroking, hugging and kissing are universally observed in partnerships all over the world. Here, we explored the association of love and affectionate touch behaviors in romantic partnerships in two studies comprising 7880 participants. In the first study, we used a cross-cultural survey conducted in 37 countries to test whether love was universally associated with affectionate touch behaviors. In the second study, using a more fine-tuned touch behavior scale, we tested whether the frequency of affectionate touch behaviors was related to love in romantic partnerships. As hypothesized, love was significantly and positively associated with affectionate touch behaviors in both studies and this result was replicated regardless of the inclusion of potentially relevant factors as controls. Altogether, our data strongly suggest that affectionate touch is a relatively stable characteristic of human romantic relationships that is robustly and reliably related to the degree of reported love between partners.

Published
2023
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3. Modernization, collectivism, and gender equality predict love experiences in 45 countries

Author

Piotr Sorokowski, Marta Kowal, Robert J. Sternberg, Toivo Aavik, Grace Akello, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Charlotte Alm, Naumana Amjad, Afifa Anjum, Kelly Asao, Chiemezie S. Atama, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Richard Ayebare, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Mons Bendixen, Aicha Bensafia, Boris Bizumic, Mahmoud Boussena, David M. Buss, Marina Butovskaya, Seda Can, Antonin Carrier, Hakan Cetinkaya, Ilona Croy, Rosa María Cueto, Marcin Czub, Daria Dronova, Seda Dural, Izzet Duyar, Berna Ertugrul, Agustín Espinosa, Ignacio Estevan, Carla Sofia Esteves, Tomasz Frackowiak, Jorge Contreras Garduño, Karina Ugalde González, Farida Guemaz, Mária Halamová, Iskra Herak, Marina Horvat, Ivana Hromatko, Chin-Ming Hui, Jas Laile Jaafar, Feng Jiang, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Tina Kavčič, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Nicolas Kervyn, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Imran Ahmed Khilji, Nils C. Köbis, Aleksandra Kostic, Hoang Moc Lan, András Láng, Georgina R. Lennard, Ernesto León, Torun Lindholm, Trinh Thi Linh, Giulia Lopez, Nguyen Van Luot, Alvaro Mailhos, Zoi Manesi, Rocio Martinez, Sarah L. McKerchar, Norbert Meskó, Marija Pejičić, Girishwar Misra, Conal Monaghan, Emanuel C. Mora, Alba Moya-Garófano, Bojan Musil, Jean Carlos Natividade, George Nizharadze, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Ike E. Onyishi, Baris Özener, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Miriam Parise, Farid Pazhoohi, Annette Pisanski, Katarzyna Pisanski, Edna Ponciano, Camelia Popa, Pavol Prokop, Muhammad Rizwan, Mario Sainz, Svjetlana Salkičević, Ruta Sargautyte, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Susanne Schmehl, Anam Shahid, Shivantika Sharad, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Franco Simonetti, Meri Tadinac, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Luis Diego Vega, Kathryn V. Walter, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Gyesook Yoo, Marta Zaťková, Maja Zupančič, and Agnieszka Sorokowska

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Recent cross-cultural and neuro-hormonal investigations have suggested that love is a near universal phenomenon that has a biological background. Therefore, the remaining important question is not whether love exists worldwide but which cultural, social, or environmental factors influence experiences and expressions of love. In the present study, we explored whether countries’ modernization indexes are related to love experiences measured by three subscales (passion, intimacy, commitment) of the Triangular Love Scale. Analyzing data from 9474 individuals from 45 countries, we tested for relationships with country-level predictors, namely, modernization proxies (i.e., Human Development Index, World Modernization Index, Gender Inequality Index), collectivism, and average annual temperatures. We found that mean levels of love (especially intimacy) were higher in countries with higher modernization proxies, collectivism, and average annual temperatures. In conclusion, our results grant some support to the hypothesis that modernization processes might influence love experiences.

Published
2023
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4. Family first

Author

Kuba Krys, June Chun Yeung, Brian W. Haas, Yvette van Osch, Aleksandra Kosiarczyk, Agata Kocimska-Zych, Claudio Torres, Heyla A. Selim, John M. Zelenski, Michael Harris Bond, Joonha Park, Vivian Miu-Chi Lun, Fridanna Maricchiolo, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Iva Poláčková Šolcová, David Sirlopú, Cai Xing, Vivian L. Vignoles, Wijnand A. P. van Tilburg, Julien Teyssier, Chien-Ru Sun, Ursula Serdarevich, Beate Schwarz, Ruta Sargautyte, Espen Røysamb, Vladyslav Romashov, Muhammad Rizwan, Zoran Pavlović, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Ayu Okvitawanli, Azar Nadi, Martin Nader, Nur Fariza Mustaffa, Elke Murdock, Oriana Mosca, Tamara Mohorić, Pablo Eduardo Barrientos Marroquin, Arina Malyonova, Xinhui Liu, J. Hannah Lee, Anna Kwiatkowska, Nicole Kronberger, Lucie Klůzová Kráčmarová, Natalia Kascakova, İdil Işık, Eric R. Igou, David O. Igbokwe, Diana Hanke-Boer, Alin Gavreliuc, Ragna B. Garðarsdóttir, Márta Fülöp, Vladimer Gamsakhurdia, Carla Sofia Esteves, Alejandra Domínguez-Espinosa, Patrick Denoux, Salome Charkviani, Arno Baltin, Douglas Arevalo, Lily Appoh, Charity Akotia, Mladen Adamovic, Yukiko Uchida, Krys, Kuba, Chun Yeung, June, Haas, Brian W., van Osch, Yvette, Kosiarczyk, Aleksandra, Kocimska-Zych, Agata, Torres, Claudio, Selim, Heyla A., Zelenski, John M., Bond, Michael Harri, Park, Joonha, Lun, Vivian Miu-Chi, Maricchiolo, Fridanna, Vauclair, Christin-Melanie, Poláčková Šolcová, Iva, Sirlopú, David, Xing, Cai, Vignoles, Vivian L., van Tilburg, Wijnand A. P., Teyssier, Julien, Sun, Chien-Ru, Serdarevich, Ursula, Schwarz, Beate, Sargautyte, Ruta, Røysamb, Espen, Romashov, Vladyslav, Rizwan, Muhammad, Pavlović, Zoran, Pavlopoulos, Vassili, Okvitawanli, Ayu, Nadi, Azar, Nader, Martin, Mustaffa, Nur Fariza, Murdock, Elke, Mosca, Oriana, Mohorić, Tamara, Barrientos Marroquin, Pablo Eduardo, Malyonova, Arina, Liu, Xinhui, Lee, J. Hannah, Kwiatkowska, Anna, Kronberger, Nicole, Klůzová Kráčmarová, Lucie, Kascakova, Natalia, Işık, İdil, Igou, Eric R., Igbokwe, David O., Hanke-Boer, Diana, Gavreliuc, Alin, Garðarsdóttir, Ragna B., Fülöp, Márta, Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer, Esteves, Carla Sofia, Domínguez-Espinosa, Alejandra, Denoux, Patrick, Charkviani, Salome, Baltin, Arno, Arevalo, Dougla, Appoh, Lily, Akotia, Charity, Adamovic, Mladen, and Uchida, Yukiko

Subjects
Cultural Studies, family, Social Psychology, relational mobility, Culture, Happiness, Interdependent happiness, Well-being, Relational mobility, family, happiness, well-being, interdependent happiness, life satisfaction, culture, relational mobility, culture, well-being, interdependent happiness, Anthropology, happiness, Family, Life satisfaction, life satisfaction
Abstract

People care about their own well-being, but also about the well-being of their families. It is currently however unknown how much people tend to value their own and their family’s wellbeing. A recent study documented that people value family happiness over personal happiness across four cultures. In this study, we sought to replicate this finding across a larger sample size (N = 12,819) and a greater number of countries (N = 49), We found that the strength of the idealization of family over personal happiness preference was small (average Cohen’s ds = .20 with country levels varying from -.02 to almost .48), but ubiquitous, i.e., direction presented in 98% of the studied countries, 73-75% with statistical significance and < 2% variance across countries. We also found that the size of this effect did vary somewhat across cultural contexts. In Latin American cultures highest on relational mobility, the idealization of family over personal happiness was very small (average Cohen’s ds for Latin America = .15 and .18), while in Confucian Asia cultures lowest on relational mobility, this effect was closer to medium (ds > .40 and .30). Importantly, we did not find strong support for traditional theories in cross-cultural psychology that associate collectivism with greater prioritization of the family versus the individual; country level individualism-collectivism was not associated with variation in the idealization of family versus individual happiness. Our findings indicate that no matter how much various populists abuse the argument of “protecting family life” to disrupt emancipation, family happiness seems to be a pan-culturally phenomenon. Family well-being is a key ingredient of social fabric across the world, and should be acknowledged by psychology and well-being researchers, and by progressive movements too.

Published
2023

5. Unpackaging the link between economic inequality and self-construal

Author

Ángel Sánchez-Rodríguez, Ayse K. Uskul, Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón, Guillermo B. Willis, Vivian L. Vignoles, Kuba Krys, Mladen Adamovic, Charity S. Akotia, Isabelle Albert, Lily Appoh, Arno Baltin, Pablo Eduardo Barrientos, Michael Harris Bond, Patrick Denoux, Alejandra Domínguez-Espinosa, Carla Sofia Esteves, Márta Fülöp, Vladimer Gamsakhurdia, Ragna B. Garðarsdóttir, Alin Gavreliuc, Diana Hanke-Boer, Brian W. Haas, David O. Igbokwe, İdil Işık, Natalia Kascakova, Lucie Klůzová Kračmárová, Agata Kocimska-Zych, Aleksandra Kosiarczyk, Olga Kostoula, Nicole Kronberger, Anna Kwiatkowska, J. Hannah Lee, Xinhui Liu, Magdalena Łużniak-Piecha, Arina Malyonova, Fridanna Maricchiolo, Arévalo Mira, Tamara Mohorić, Oriana Mosca, Elke Murdock, Nur Fariza Mustaffa, Vivian Miu-Chi Lun, Martin Nader, Azar Nadi, Ayu Okvitawanli, Yvette van Osch, Joonha Park, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Zoran Pavlović, Iva Poláčková Šolcová, Eric Raymond Igou, Muhammad Rizwan, Vladyslav Romashov, Espen Røysamb, Ruta Sargautyte, Beate Schwarz, Heyla A. Selim, Ursula Serdarevich, David Sirlopú, Maria Stogianni, Stanislava Stoyanova, Chien-Ru Sun, Julien Teyssier, Wijnand A. P. van Tilburg, Claudio Torres, Yukiko Uchida, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Cai Xing, John M. Zelenski, Sánchez-Rodríguez, Ángel, Uskul, Ayse K., Rodríguez-Bailón, Rosa, Willis, Guillermo B., Vignoles, Vivian L., Krys, Kuba, Adamovic, Mladen, Akotia, Charity S., Albert, Isabelle, Appoh, Lily, Baltin, Arno, Barrientos, Pablo Eduardo, Bond, Michael Harri, Denoux, Patrick, Domínguez-Espinosa, Alejandra, Esteves, Carla Sofia, Fülöp, Márta, Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer, Garðarsdóttir, Ragna B., Gavreliuc, Alin, Hanke-Boer, Diana, Haas, Brian W., Igbokwe, David O., Işık, İdil, Kascakova, Natalia, Klůzová Kračmárová, Lucie, Kocimska-Zych, Agata, Kosiarczyk, Aleksandra, Kostoula, Olga, Kronberger, Nicole, Kwiatkowska, Anna, Lee, J. Hannah, Liu, Xinhui, Łużniak-Piecha, Magdalena, Malyonova, Arina, Maricchiolo, Fridanna, Mira, Arévalo, Mohorić, Tamara, Mosca, Oriana, Murdock, Elke, Mustaffa, Nur Fariza, Lun, Vivian Miu-Chi, Nader, Martin, Nadi, Azar, Okvitawanli, Ayu, van Osch, Yvette, Park, Joonha, Pavlopoulos, Vassili, Pavlović, Zoran, Poláčková Šolcová, Iva, Igou, Eric Raymond, Rizwan, Muhammad, Romashov, Vladyslav, Røysamb, Espen, Sargautyte, Ruta, Schwarz, Beate, Selim, Heyla A., Serdarevich, Ursula, Sirlopú, David, Stogianni, Maria, Stoyanova, Stanislava, Sun, Chien-Ru, Teyssier, Julien, van Tilburg, Wijnand A. P., Torres, Claudio, Uchida, Yukiko, Vauclair, Christin-Melanie, Xing, Cai, Zelenski, John M., Department of Social Psychology, and Rapid Social and Cultural Transformation: Online & Offline

Subjects
multidimensional self-construal, Economic inequality, Interdependence, independence, Multidimensional self-construal, Independence, interdependence, General Psychology
Abstract

Past research has shown that economic inequality shapes individuals’ self-construals. However, it has been unclear which dimensions of self-construal are associated with and affected by economic inequality. A correlational (Study 1: N = 264) and an experimental study (Study 2: N = 532) provided converging evidence linking perceived economic inequality with two forms of independent (vs. interdependent) self-construal: Difference from Others and Self- Reliance. In Study 3 (N = 12,634) societal differences in objective economic inequality across 48 nations predicted feelings of Difference from Others, but not Self-Reliance. Importantly, we found no significant associations of economic inequality with the other six dimensions of self-construal. Our findings help extend previous results linking economic inequality to forms of “social distance.”

Published
2023

6. Self-construals predict personal life satisfaction with different strengths across societal contexts differing in national wealth and religious heritage

Author

Ángel Sánchez-Rodríguez, Vivian L. Vignoles, Michael Harris Bond, Mladen Adamovic, Charity S. Akotia, Isabelle Albert, Lily Appoh, Arno Baltin, Pablo Eduardo Barrientos, Patrick Denoux, Alejandra Domínguez-Espinosa, Carla Sofia Esteves, Márta Fülöp, Vladimer Gamsakhurdia, Ragna B. Garðarsdóttir, Alin Gavreliuc, Diana Hanke-Boer, Brian W. Haas, David O. Igbokwe, İ̇dil Işık, Natalia Kascakova, Lucie Klůzová Kračmárová, Agata Kocimska-Zych, Aleksandra Kosiarczyk, Olga Kostoula, Nicole Kronberger, Kuba Krys, Anna Kwiatkowska, J. Hannah Lee, Xinhui Liu, Magdalena Łużniak-Piecha, Arina Malyonova, Fridanna Maricchiolo, Arévalo Mira, Tamara Mohorić, Oriana Mosca, Elke Murdock, Nur Fariza Mustaffa, Vivian Miu-Chi Lun, Martin Nader, Azar Nadi, Ayu Okvitawanli, Yvette van Osch, Joonha Park, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Zoran Pavlović, Iva Poláčková Šolcová, Eric Raymond Igou, Muhammad Rizwan, Vladyslav Romashov, Espen Røysamb, Ruta Sargautyte, Beate Schwarz, Heyla A. Selim, Ursula Serdarevich, David Sirlopú, Maria Stogianni, Stanislava Stoyanova, Chien-Ru Sun, Julien Teyssier, Wijnand A. P. van Tilburg, Claudio Torres, Yukiko Uchida, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Cai Xing, John M. Zelenski, Department of Social Psychology, Rapid Social and Cultural Transformation: Online & Offline, Sánchez-Rodríguez, Ángel, Vignoles, Vivian L., Bond, Michael Harri, Adamovic, Mladen, Akotia, Charity S., Albert, Isabelle, Appoh, Lily, Baltin, Arno, Barrientos, Pablo Eduardo, Denoux, Patrick, Domínguez-Espinosa, Alejandra, Esteves, Carla Sofia, Fülöp, Márta, Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer, Garðarsdóttir, Ragna B., Gavreliuc, Alin, Hanke-Boer, Diana, Haas, Brian W., Igbokwe, David O., Işık, İ̇dil, Kascakova, Natalia, Klůzová Kračmárová, Lucie, Kocimska-Zych, Agata, Kosiarczyk, Aleksandra, Kostoula, Olga, Kronberger, Nicole, Krys, Kuba, Kwiatkowska, Anna, Lee, J. Hannah, Liu, Xinhui, Łużniak-Piecha, Magdalena, Malyonova, Arina, Maricchiolo, Fridanna, Mira, Arévalo, Mohorić, Tamara, Mosca, Oriana, Murdock, Elke, Mustaffa, Nur Fariza, Lun, Vivian Miu-Chi, Nader, Martin, Nadi, Azar, Okvitawanli, Ayu, van Osch, Yvette, Park, Joonha, Pavlopoulos, Vassili, Pavlović, Zoran, Poláčková Šolcová, Iva, Igou, Eric Raymond, Rizwan, Muhammad, Romashov, Vladyslav, Røysamb, Espen, Sargautyte, Ruta, Schwarz, Beate, Selim, Heyla A., Serdarevich, Ursula, Sirlopú, David, Stogianni, Maria, Stoyanova, Stanislava, Sun, Chien-Ru, Teyssier, Julien, van Tilburg, Wijnand A. P., Torres, Claudio, Uchida, Yukiko, Vauclair, Christin-Melanie, Xing, Cai, and Zelenski, John M.

Subjects
Multicomponentself-construal, Economic inequality, Religious heritage, Multicomponent self-construal, National wealth, Personal life satisfaction, General Psychology
Abstract

We explore to what extent previously observed pan-cultural association between dimensions of self-construal and personal life satisfaction (PLS) may be moderated by three national-contextual variables: national wealth, economic inequality, and religious heritage. The results showed that MSelf-reliance (vs. dependence on others) predicted PLSpositively in poorer countries but negatively in richer countries. Connectedness to others (vs. self-containment) predicted PLS more strongly in Protestant-heritage countries. Self-expression (vs. harmony) predicted PLS more weakly (and non-significantly) in Muslim-heritage countries. In contrast, previously reported associations of self-direction (vs. reception-to-influence), consistency (vs. variability), and decontextualized (vs. contextualized) self-understanding with personal life satisfaction were not significantly moderated by these aspects of societal context. These results show the importance of considering the impact of national religious and economic context.

Published
2023

7. Introduction to a Culturally Sensitive Measure of Well-Being: Combining Life Satisfaction and Interdependent Happiness Across 49 Different Cultures

Author

Kuba Krys, Brian W. Haas, Eric Raymond Igou, Aleksandra Kosiarczyk, Agata Kocimska-Bortnowska, Anna Kwiatkowska, Vivian Miu-Chi Lun, Fridanna Maricchiolo, Joonha Park, Iva Poláčková Šolcová, David Sirlopú, Yukiko Uchida, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Vivian L. Vignoles, John M. Zelenski, Mladen Adamovic, Charity S. Akotia, Isabelle Albert, Lily Appoh, D. M. Arévalo Mira, Arno Baltin, Patrick Denoux, Alejandra Domínguez-Espinosa, Carla Sofia Esteves, Vladimer Gamsakhurdia, Márta Fülöp, Ragna B. Garðarsdóttir, Alin Gavreliuc, Diana Boer, David O. Igbokwe, İdil Işık, Natalia Kascakova, Lucie Klůzová Kráčmarová, Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Olga Kostoula, Nicole Kronberger, J. Hannah Lee, Xinhui Liu, Magdalena Łużniak-Piecha, Arina Malyonova, Pablo Eduardo Barrientos, Tamara Mohorić, Oriana Mosca, Elke Murdock, Nur Fariza Mustaffa, Martin Nader, Azar Nadi, Ayu Okvitawanli, Yvette van Osch, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Zoran Pavlović, Muhammad Rizwan, Vladyslav Romashov, Espen Røysamb, Ruta Sargautyte, Beate Schwarz, Heyla A. Selim, Ursula Serdarevich, Maria Stogianni, Chien-Ru Sun, Julien Teyssier, Wijnand A. P. van Tilburg, Claudio Torres, Cai Xing, Michael Harris Bond, Department of Social Psychology, Department of Culture Studies, Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Krys, Kuba, Haas, Brian W., Igou, Eric Raymond, Kosiarczyk, Aleksandra, Kocimska-Bortnowska, Agata, Kwiatkowska, Anna, Lun, Vivian Miu-Chi, Maricchiolo, Fridanna, Park, Joonha, Šolcová, Iva Poláčková, Sirlopú, David, Uchida, Yukiko, Vauclair, Christin-Melanie, Vignoles, Vivian L., Zelenski, John M., Adamovic, Mladen, Akotia, Charity S., Albert, Isabelle, Appoh, Lily, Mira, D. M. Arévalo, Baltin, Arno, Denoux, Patrick, Domínguez-Espinosa, Alejandra, Esteves, Carla Sofia, Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer, Fülöp, Márta, Garðarsdóttir, Ragna B., Gavreliuc, Alin, Boer, Diana, Igbokwe, David O., Işık, İdil, Kascakova, Natalia, Klůzová Kráčmarová, Lucie, Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza, Kostoula, Olga, Kronberger, Nicole, Lee, J. Hannah, Liu, Xinhui, Łużniak-Piecha, Magdalena, Malyonova, Arina, Barrientos, Pablo Eduardo, Mohorić, Tamara, Mosca, Oriana, Murdock, Elke, Mustaffa, Nur Fariza, Nader, Martin, Nadi, Azar, Okvitawanli, Ayu, van Osch, Yvette, Pavlopoulos, Vassili, Pavlović, Zoran, Rizwan, Muhammad, Romashov, Vladyslav, Røysamb, Espen, Sargautyte, Ruta, Schwarz, Beate, Selim, Heyla A., Serdarevich, Ursula, Stogianni, Maria, Sun, Chien-Ru, Teyssier, Julien, van Tilburg, Wijnand A. P., Torres, Claudio, Xing, Cai, and Bond, Michael Harris

Subjects
cultural sensitivity, culture, happiness, interdependent happiness, life satisfaction, self-construals, selfhoods, well-being, Selfhoods, Culture, Happiness, Interdependent happiness, Well-being, Cultural sensitivity, Life satisfaction, Culture · Happiness, Well-being, Interdependent happiness, Life satisfaction, Cultural sensitivity, Selfhoods, Self-construals, Ciências Sociais::Outras Ciências Sociais [Domínio/Área Científica], Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Self-construals, Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract

How can one conclude that well-being is higher in country A than country B, when well-being is being measured according to the way people in country A think about well-being? We address this issue by proposing a new culturally sensitive method to comparing societal levels of well-being. We support our reasoning with data on life satisfaction and interdependent happiness focusing on individual and family, collected mostly from students, across forty-nine countries. We demonstrate that the relative idealization of the two types of well-being varies across cultural contexts and are associated with culturally different models of selfhood. Furthermore, we show that rankings of societal well-being based on life satisfaction tend to underestimate the contribution from interdependent happiness. We introduce a new culturally sensitive method for calculating societal well-being, and examine its construct validity by testing for associations with the experience of emotions and with individualism-collectivism. This new culturally sensitive approach represents a slight, yet important improvement in measuring well-being.

Published
2022

8. Affective Interpersonal Touch in Close Relationships: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

Author

Iskra Herak, Chiemezie S. Atama, Berna Ertuğrul, Supreet Saluja, Carlota Batres, Maciej Karwowski, Olga Uhryn, Richard Ayebare, Afifa Anjum, Sarah L. McKerchar, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Kelly Asao, Karina Ugalde González, Charlotte Alm, Grace Akello, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Gyesook Yoo, Rizwana Shaikh, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Mons Bendixen, Zainab F. Zadeh, Meri Tadinac, Annette Pisanski, Camelia Popa, Muhammad Rizwan, Giulia Lopez, Daria Dronova, Svjetlana Salkičević, Anam Shahid, Antonin Carrier, Pavol Prokop, Nils C. Köbis, Katarzyna Cantarero, Katarzyna Pisanski, Marina Butovskaya, Aleksandra Kostic, Agustín Espinosa, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Feng Jiang, Ivana Hromatko, András Láng, Ernesto León, Mahmoud Boussena, Ilona Croy, Luis Diego Vega Araya, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Nicolas Kervyn, Ike E. Onyishi, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Marta Zaťková, Imran Ahmed Khilji, Chin Ming Hui, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Rocio Martinez, Norbert Meskó, Miriam Parise, Mária Haľamová, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Girishwar Misra, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Rosa María Cueto, Bojan Musil, Tomasz Frąckowiak, İzzet Duyar, Mario Sainz, Nejc Plohl, Jorge Contreras-Graduño, Piotr Sorokowski, Susanne Schmehl, Zoi Manesi, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Georgina R. Lennard, Dominika Chabin, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Toivo Aavik, George Nizharadze, Torun Lindholm, Farid Pazhoohi, Emanuel C. Mora, Maja Zupančič, Seda Can, Tina Kavčič, Jean Carlos Natividade, Barış Özener, Shivantika Sharad, Alba Moya-Garófano, Hakan Cetinkaya, David M. Buss, Farida Guemaz, Marija Pejičić, Ruta Sargautyte, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Naumana Amjad, Carla Sofia Esteves, Boris Bizumic, UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, and Social & Organizational Psychology

Subjects
Cross-Cultural Comparison, affective touch, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, BF, 050109 social psychology, Interpersonal communication, Conservatism, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], 050105 experimental psychology, Religiosity, Cross-cultural psychology, Stress (linguistics), Humans, Cross-cultural, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Child, media_common, interpersonal behaviors, 05 social sciences, Collectivism, touch behaviors, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, cross-cultural psychology, Religion, Touch, HD28, Female, Psychology, touch behaviors, affective touch, interpersonal behaviors, cross-cultural psychology, Social psychology, Diversity (politics)
Abstract

Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Published
2021

9. Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries

Author

Luis Diego Vega, Muhammad Rizwan, Iskra Herak, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Sarah L. McKerchar, Marina Butovskaya, Bogdan Wojciszke, Mohd Sofian Omar Fauzee, Chin Ming Hui, Aleksandra Kostic, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Truong Quang Lam, Richard Ayebare, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Robert J. Sternberg, Rocio Martinez, Annette Pisanski, Farida Guemaz, Tomasz Frackowiak, Piotr Sorokowski, Miriam Parise, Marija Pejičić, Ruta Sargautyte, Karina Ugalde González, Antonin Carrier, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Ike E. Onyishi, Farid Pazhoohi, Boris Bizumic, David M. Buss, Maja Zupančič, Charlotte Alm, Chiemezie S. Atama, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Berna Ertuğrul, Alvaro Mailhos, Naumana Amjad, Ilona Croy, Norbert Meskó, Afifa Anjum, Agata Groyecka, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Daria Dronova, Ivana Hromatko, Carla Sofia Esteves, Svjetlana Salkičević, Aneta Przepiorka, Nils C. Köbis, Tran Ha Thu, Mahmoud Boussena, Bogusław Pawłowski, Ernesto León, Susanne Schmehl, Marina Horvat, Jean Carlos Natividade, Marta Zaťková, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Mons Bendixen, Georgina R. Lennard, Toivo Aavik, András Láng, İzzet Duyar, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Dominika Chabin, Barış Özener, Agustín Espinosa, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Girishwar Misra, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Pavol Prokop, Carlota Batres, Anam Shahid, Nejc Plohl, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Maciej Karwowski, Seda Can, Mario Sainz Martinez, Torun Lindholm, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Shivantika Sharad, Kelly Asao, Hakan Cetinkaya, Alba Moya-Garófano, Gyesook Yoo, Katarzyna Pisanski, Jorge Contreras Graduño, Meri Tadinac, Gulia Lopez, Bojan Musil, Zoi Manesi, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Tina Kavčič, Anna Krasnodębska, Nicolas Kervyn, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, George Nizharadze, Zainab F. Zadeh, Joanna Różycka-Tran, Rizwana Shaikh, Camelia Popa, Rosa María Cueto, Grace Akello, Katarzyna Cantarero, Feng Jiang, Mária Haľamová, Social & Organizational Psychology, and UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations

Subjects
Cross-Cultural Comparison, Ciências Sociais::Sociologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Sociology and Political Science, Scale (ratio), Psychometrics, Humanidades::Outras Humanidades [Domínio/Área Científica], Evolutionary psychology, Ciências Sociais::Outras Ciências Sociais [Domínio/Área Científica], Empirical Research, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Romantic love, Commitment device, Gender Studies, Quality of alternatives, Empirical research, History and Philosophy of Science, The Triangular Theory of Love, cross-cultural, Humans, Triangular theory of love, Statistical physics, Cross-cultural study, Adaptation (computer science), General Psychology, Mathematics, Triangular Love Scale, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Básica [Domínio/Área Científica], 05 social sciences, SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities, Love, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Universality (dynamical systems), Close relationships, Psychometric Properties, 050903 gender studies, Homogeneous, 0509 other social sciences
Abstract

The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale – STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love. This article will not be available due to copyright restrictions © 2020 by The Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality

Published
2021

10. Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios

Author

Ernesto León, Trinh Thi Linh, Ike E. Onyishi, Tomasz Frackowiak, Piotr Sorokowski, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Hakan Cetinkaya, Stanislava Stoyanova, Richard Ayebare, Rosa María Cueto, Annette Pisanski, Berna Ertuğrul, Alvaro Mailhos, Luis Diego Vega, Boris Bizumic, Imran Ahmed Khilji, Afifa Anjum, Mario Sainz, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Petra Gyuris, Svjetlana Salkičević, Carla Sofia Esteves, Marina Butovskaya, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Katarzyna Pisanski, Carlota Batres, Ivana Hromatko, Kelly Asao, Bojan Musil, Kathryn V. Walter, Nicolas Kervyn, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Zoi Manesi, András Láng, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Naumana Amjad, Luxi Fang, Gyesook Yoo, Marta Zaťková, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Sarah L. McKerchar, Maja Zupančič, George Nizharadze, Antonin Carrier, Farid Pazhoohi, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Ilona Croy, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Seda Can, Agustín Espinosa, Torun Lindholm, Hoang Moc Lan, Grace Akello, Mons Bendixen, Farida Guemaz, Ruta Sargautyte, Katarzyna Cantarero, Toivo Aavik, Tina Kavčič, Feng Jiang, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Girishwar Misra, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Marina Horvat, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Meri Tadinac, Jorge Contreras Garduño, Giulia Lopez, İzzet Duyar, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Muhammad Rizwan, Daria Dronova, Nils C. Köbis, Mahmoud Boussena, Camelia Popa, Norbert Meskó, Susanne Schmehl, Agnieszka Niemczyk, Karina Ugalde González, Chin Ming Hui, Charlotte Alm, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Rocio Martinez, Miriam Parise, Iskra Herak, Georgina R. Lennard, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Chiemezie S. Atama, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Nguyen Van Luot, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Jean Carlos Natividade, Pavol Prokop, Barış Özener, David M. Buss, Mária Halamová, Shivantika Sharad, Alba Moya-Garófano, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Camelia Popa, Luis Vega, Jas Laile Jaafar, Tina Kavcic, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Berna Ertugrul Ozener, Antonin Carrier, Kathryn Walter, Carla Sofia Esteves, David Buss, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Pavol Prokop, Rosa Maria Cueto, Ilona Croy, Gyesook Yoo, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Nicolas Kervyn, Boris Bizumic, Agustín Espinosa, Barış Özener, Katarzyna Cantarero, JAS LAILE SUZANA JAAFAR, Stanislava Stoyanova, Seda Dural, Ivana Hromatko, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Ignacio Estevan, Hakan Çetinkaya, C. Sofia Esteves, Norbert Meskó, Ariela F. Pagani, Jean Natividade, Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, Social & Organizational Psychology, and IBBA

Subjects
cognition, sex differences, Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Relative power, Choice Behavior, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, cross-cultural, Marriage, 10. No inequality, Research Articles, Ciências Agrárias::Outras Ciências Agrárias [Domínio/Área Científica], General Environmental Science, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Básica [Domínio/Área Científica], 0303 health sciences, Sex Characteristics, SDG 5 - Gender Equality, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Clínica [Domínio/Área Científica], 4. Education, Reproduction, General Medicine, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Sexual Partners, mate preferences, Female, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Sex ratio, Sex characteristics, Attractiveness, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, evolution, Animals, Humans, Behaviour, Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas [Domínio/Área Científica], mating market, Human mating strategies, 030304 developmental biology, General Immunology and Microbiology, behaviour mate preferences, mate preferences, sex ratio, sex differences, cross-cultural, mating market, sex ratio, Ciências Médicas::Outras Ciências Médicas [Domínio/Área Científica], Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Domínio/Área Científica], Sex differences, sex ratios, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography
Abstract

This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no. 1845586. The work of T.T.K.H. was supported by grant no. 501.01-2016.02 from the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED). A.O. was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant no. 626/STYP/12/2017). A.S. and P.S. were supported by National Science Center-Poland (grant no. 2014/13/B/HS6/02644). Marina Butovskaya and D.D. were supported by State assignment project No. 01201370995 of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Moscow, Russia. P.G., A.L. and N.M. were supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund-(OTKA; grant no. K125437). F.J. was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (grant no. 71971225). G.A. was supported by UKRI/GCRF Gender, Justice, Security Grant (grant no. AH/S004025/1)., A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio’s relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries (n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences., National Science Foundation (NSF) 1845586, National Foundation for Science & Technology Development (NAFOSTED) 501.01-2016.02, Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland, European Commission 626/STYP/12/2017, National Science Centre, Poland 2014/13/B/HS6/02644, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Moscow, Russia 01201370995, Orszagos Tudomanyos Kutatasi Alapprogramok (OTKA) K125437, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 71971225, UKRI/GCRF Gender, Justice, Security Grant AH/S004025/1

Published
2021

11. Gendered self-views across 62 countries : A test of competing models

Author

Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Jennifer K. Bosson, Paweł Jurek, Tomasz Besta, Michał Olech, Joseph A. Vandello, Michael Bender, Justine Dandy, Vera Hoorens, Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti, Eric Mankowski, Satu Venäläinen, Sami Abuhamdeh, Collins Badu Agyemang, Gülçin Akbaş, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Soline Ammirati, Joel Anderson, Gulnaz Anjum, Amarina Ariyanto, John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, Mujeeba Ashraf, Aistė Bakaitytė, Maja Becker, Chiara Bertolli, Dashamir Bërxulli, Deborah L. Best, Chongzeng Bi, Katharina Block, Mandy Boehnke, Renata Bongiorno, Janine Bosak, Annalisa Casini, Qingwei Chen, Peilian Chi, Vera Cubela Adoric, Serena Daalmans, Soledad de Lemus, Sandesh Dhakal, Nikolay Dvorianchikov, Sonoko Egami, Edgardo Etchezahar, Carla Sofia Esteves, Laura Froehlich, Efrain Garcia-Sanchez, Alin Gavreliuc, Dana Gavreliuc, Ángel Gomez, Francesca Guizzo, Sylvie Graf, Hedy Greijdanus, Ani Grigoryan, Joanna Grzymała-Moszczyńska, Keltouma Guerch, Marie Gustafsson Sendén, Miriam-Linnea Hale, Hannah Hämer, Mika Hirai, Lam Hoang Duc, Martina Hřebíčková, Paul B. Hutchings, Dorthe Høj Jensen, Serdar Karabati, Kaltrina Kelmendi, Gabriella Kengyel, Narine Khachatryan, Rawan Ghazzawi, Mary Kinahan, Teri A. Kirby, Monika Kovacs, Desiree Kozlowski, Vladislav Krivoshchekov, Kuba Kryś, Clara Kulich, Tai Kurosawa, Nhan Thi Lac An, Javier Labarthe-Carrara, Mary Anne Lauri, Ioana Latu, Abiodun Musbau Lawal, Junyi Li, Jana Lindner, Anna Lindqvist, Angela T. Maitner, Elena Makarova, Ana Makashvili, Shera Malayeri, Sadia Malik, Tiziana Mancini, Claudia Manzi, Silvia Mari, Sarah E. Martiny, Claude-Hélène Mayer, Vladimir Mihić, Jasna MiloševićĐorđević, Eva Moreno-Bella, Silvia Moscatelli, Andrew Bryan Moynihan, Dominique Muller, Erita Narhetali, Félix Neto, Kimberly A. Noels, Boglárka Nyúl, Emma C. O’Connor, Danielle P. Ochoa, Sachiko Ohno, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo, Randall Osborne, Maria Giuseppina Pacilli, Jorge Palacio, Snigdha Patnaik, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Pablo Pérez de León, Ivana Piterová, Juliana Barreiros Porto, Angelica Puzio, Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Erico Rentería Pérez, Emma Renström, Tiphaine Rousseaux, Michelle K. Ryan, Saba Safdar, Mario Sainz, Marco Salvati, Adil Samekin, Simon Schindler, A. Timur Sevincer, Masoumeh Seydi, Debra Shepherd, Sara Sherbaji, Toni Schmader, Cláudia Simão, Rosita Sobhie, Jurand Sobiecki, Lucille De Souza, Emma Sarter, Dijana Sulejmanović, Katie E. Sullivan, Mariko Tatsumi, Lucy Tavitian-Elmadjian, Suparna Jain Thakur, Quang Thi Mong Chi, Beatriz Torre, Ana Torres, Claudio V. Torres, Beril Türkoğlu, Joaquín Ungaretti, Timothy Valshtein, Colette Van Laar, Jolanda van der Noll, Vadym Vasiutynskyi, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Neharika Vohra, Marta Walentynowicz, Colleen Ward, Anna Włodarczyk, Yaping Yang, Vincent Yzerbyt, Valeska Zanello, Antonella Ludmila Zapata-Calvente, Magdalena Zawisza, Rita Žukauskienė, Magdalena Żadkowska, Kosakowska-Berezecka, N, Bosson, J, Jurek, P, Besta, T, Olech, M, Vandello, J, Bender, M, Dandy, J, Hoorens, V, Jasinskaja-Lahti, I, Mankowski, E, Venäläinen, S, Abuhamdeh, S, Agyemang, C, Akbaş, G, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Ammirati, S, Anderson, J, Anjum, G, Ariyanto, A, Aruta, J, Ashraf, M, Bakaitytė, A, Becker, M, Bertolli, C, Bërxulli, D, Best, D, Bi, C, Block, K, Boehnke, M, Bongiorno, R, Bosak, J, Casini, A, Chen, Q, Chi, P, Cubela Adoric, V, Daalmans, S, de Lemus, S, Dhakal, S, Dvorianchikov, N, Egami, S, Etchezahar, E, Esteves, C, Froehlich, L, Garcia-Sanchez, E, Gavreliuc, A, Gavreliuc, D, Gomez, Á, Guizzo, F, Graf, S, Greijdanus, H, Grigoryan, A, Grzymała-Moszczyńska, J, Guerch, K, Gustafsson Sendén, M, Hale, M, Hämer, H, Hirai, M, Hoang Duc, L, Hřebíčková, M, Hutchings, P, Jensen, D, Karabati, S, Kelmendi, K, Kengyel, G, Khachatryan, N, Ghazzawi, R, Kinahan, M, Kirby, T, Kovacs, M, Kozlowski, D, Krivoshchekov, V, Kryś, K, Kulich, C, Kurosawa, T, Lac An, N, Labarthe-Carrara, J, Lauri, M, Latu, I, Lawal, A, Li, J, Lindner, J, Lindqvist, A, Maitner, A, Makarova, E, Makashvili, A, Malayeri, S, Malik, S, Mancini, T, Manzi, C, Mari, S, Martiny, S, Mayer, C, Mihić, V, Miloševićđorđević, J, Moreno-Bella, E, Moscatelli, S, Moynihan, A, Muller, D, Narhetali, E, Neto, F, Noels, K, Nyúl, B, O’Connor, E, Ochoa, D, Ohno, S, Olanrewaju Adebayo, S, Osborne, R, Pacilli, M, Palacio, J, Patnaik, S, Pavlopoulos, V, de León, P, Piterová, I, Porto, J, Puzio, A, Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J, Rentería Pérez, E, Renström, E, Rousseaux, T, Ryan, M, Safdar, S, Sainz, M, Salvati, M, Samekin, A, Schindler, S, Sevincer, A, Seydi, M, Shepherd, D, Sherbaji, S, Schmader, T, Simão, C, Sobhie, R, Sobiecki, J, De Souza, L, Sarter, E, Sulejmanović, D, Sullivan, K, Tatsumi, M, Tavitian-Elmadjian, L, Thakur, S, Thi Mong Chi, Q, Torre, B, Torres, A, Torres, C, Türkoğlu, B, Ungaretti, J, Valshtein, T, Van Laar, C, van der Noll, J, Vasiutynskyi, V, Vauclair, C, Vohra, N, Walentynowicz, M, Ward, C, Włodarczyk, A, Yang, Y, Yzerbyt, V, Zanello, V, Zapata-Calvente, A, Zawisza, M, Žukauskienė, R, Żadkowska, M, and Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa

Subjects
Binary sex differences, Social Psychology, binary sex difference, 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology, Self-views, communality, agency, self-views, binary sex differences, egalitarianism, gender equality, Communication and Media, communality, Gender equality, Communality, Clinical Psychology, Egalitarianism, Agency, self-view, agency, egalitarianism, binary sex differences, self-views, 150 Psychology, gender equality, M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE
Abstract

Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries’ more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction processes present in these countries. Using data from 62 countries (N = 28,640), we examine binary gender gaps in agentic and communal self-views as a function of country-level objective gender equality (the Global Gender Gap Index) and subjective distributions of social power (the Power Distance Index). Findings show that in more egalitarian countries, gender gaps in agency are smaller and gender gaps in communality are larger. These patterns are driven primarily by cross-country differences in men’s self-views and by the Power Distance Index (PDI) more robustly than the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI). We consider possible causes and implications of these findings., National Science Centre, Poland 2017/26/M/HS6/00360, United States Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA, NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) RL5GM118963, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain RTI2018-093550-B-I00, Grant Agency of the Czech Republic 20-01214S, Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences RVO: 68081740, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) ES/S00274X/1 MCIN/AEI PID2019-111549GB-I00, European Research Council (ERC) European Commission ERC-2016-COG 725128, Swedish Research Council Swedish Research Council for Health Working Life & Welfare (Forte) 2017-00414, University of Brasilia 04/2019

Published
2022

12. Exploring the social representations of vulnerable populations being helped

Author

Lisa Bignone, Carla Sofia Esteves, Miriam Rosa, and Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa

Subjects
Recipients’ perceptions of help, Intergroup helping relations, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Social representations
Abstract

Resorting to Social Representation Theory, the aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of help recipients about Help, namely in terms of the shared representations about Helping Institutions, the self-perceptions of aid recipients and the potential Social Status Distance with regard to their helpers. Twenty-five members of vulnerable groups that benefited from help programs offered by Non-Profit Institutions/Organizations, aged between 18 and 70-years-old, responded to semi-structured interviews. Following the theoretical-methodological orientation of the structural approach of Social Representation Theory (Abric, 1984), the 800 free evocations and 149 words produced during the interviews, underwent a prototypical analysis with open-EVOC software (2000). In addition to contributing to Social Representation Theory by considering the theme of helping relations, the results of the present study showed – in contrast to the literature on orientations toward help (Nadler, 1997; 1998; 2002; 2015) – the importance, at different levels, of both autonomy and dependency orientations (and not just the latter). This study showed the importance, for the recipients of help, of being protagonists, active and autonomous in the process of improving their psychological and material situation; together with the importance of enjoying material goods, even if it means depending on an institution. Results are discussed as a potential contribution to designing help programs that might provide greater benefits and well-being to help recipients. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2021

13. Personal life satisfaction as a measure of societal happiness is an individualistic presumption: evidence from fifty countries

Author

Heyla A. Selim, Alin Gavreliuc, Azar Nadi, Vladyslav Romashov, Diana Hanke-Boer, Michael Harris Bond, Julien Teyssier, Vladimer Lado Gamsakhurdia, Nicole Kronberger, Cláudio Vaz Torres, Pablo Barrientos, Lucie Klůzová Kračmárová, Brian W. Haas, John M. Zelenski, Arno Baltin, Fridanna Maricchiolo, Ragna B. Garðarsdóttir, Beate Schwarz, Patrick Denoux, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Mladen Adamovic, Carla Sofia Esteves, Zoran Pavlović, Márta Fülöp, Xinhui Liu, Aleksandra Kosiarczyk, Iva Poláčková Šolcová, Tamara Mohorić, Joonha Park, İdil Işık, Espen Røysamb, Martín Nader, Salome Charkviani, D.O. Igbokwe, Yukiko Uchida, Ursula Serdarevich, Natália Kaščáková, Cai Xing, Agnieszka Wojtczuk-Turek, Kuba Krys, Mustaffa Nur Fariza, Stanislava Stoyanova, Ruta Sargautyte, Muhammad Rizwan, Wijnand A.P. van Tilburg, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Vivian Miu-Chi Lun, Lily Appoh, Isabelle Albert, David Sirlopú, Eric Raymond Igou, Agata Kocimska-Zych, Oriana Mosca, Ayu Okvitawanli, Anna Kwiatkowska, Arina Malyonova, Yvette van Osch, Vivian L. Vignoles, Alejandra Domínguez-Espinosa, J. Hannah Lee, Colin A. Capaldi, Arévalo D. M. Mira, Chien-Ru Sun, Charity S. Akotia, Krys, K., Park, J., Kocimska-Zych, A., Kosiarczyk, A., Selim, H. A., Wojtczuk-Turek, A., Haas, B. W., Uchida, Y., Torres, C., Capaldi, C. A., Bond, M. H., Zelenski, J. M., Lun, V. M. -C., Maricchiolo, F., Vauclair, C. -M., Polackova Solcova, I., Sirlopu, D., Xing, C., Vignoles, V. L., van Tilburg, W. A. P., Teyssier, J., Sun, C. -R., Stoyanova, S., Serdarevich, U., Schwarz, B., Sargautyte, R., Roysamb, E., Romashov, V., Rizwan, M., Pavlovic, Z., Pavlopoulos, V., van Osch, Y., Okvitawanli, A., Nadi, A., Nader, M., Nur Fariza, M., Mosca, O., Mohoric, T., Barrientos, P. E., Malyonova, A., Liu, X., Lee, J. H., Kwiatkowska, A., Kronberger, N., Kluzova Kracmarova, L., Kascakova, N., Isik, I., Igou, E. R., Igbokwe, D. O., Hanke-Boer, D., Gavreliuc, A., Gardarsdottir, R. B., Fulop, M., Gamsakhurdia, V., Esteves, C. S., Dominguez-Espinosa, A., Denoux, P., Charkviani, S., Baltin, A., Mira, A. D. M., Appoh, L., Albert, I., Akotia, C. S., Adamovic, M., Polish National Science Centre, Japan Society, Department of Social Psychology, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Iva Poláčková Šolcová, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Eric R. Igou, Isabelle Albert, Yukiko Uchida, J. Hannah Lee, Alin I. Gavreliuc, Ayu Okvitawanli, Ragna B Gardarsdottir, David Sirlopu, Aleksandra Kosiarczyk, Vivian Lun, Joonha Park, Kuba Krys, Espen Roysamb, C. Sofia Esteves, Beate Schwarz, David Sirlopú, Colin Capaldi, Anna Kwiatkowska, Арина Юрьевна Маленова, Cai Xing, Tamara Mohoric, Oriana Mosca, Lucie Kluzova Kracmarova, Vivian Vignoles, Nicole Kronberger, Heyla Selim, Zoran Pavlović, and Stanislava Stoyanova

Subjects
Family happine, Collectivism, Culture, Family happiness, Individualism, Interdependent happiness, Life satisfaction, Self-construals, Well-being, media_common.quotation_subject, Happiness, Personal life, 050109 social psychology, Ciências Sociais::Outras Ciências Sociais [Domínio/Área Científica], 158: Angewandte Psychologie, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], 050105 experimental psychology, CULTURE, PSYCHOLOGY, Selfconstruals, Interdependent happine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Cross-cultural comparison, media_common, 05 social sciences, Cross-cultural studies, SELF, EMOTIONS, Positive psychology, Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Psykologi: 260 [VDP], Self-construal, Psychology, Social psychology, Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Erworben im Rahmen der Schweizer Nationallizenzen (http://www.nationallizenzen.ch), Numerous studies document that societal happiness is correlated with individualism, but the nature of this phenomenon remains understudied. In the current paper, we address this gap and test the reasoning that individualism correlates with societal happiness because the most common measure of societal happiness (i.e., country-level aggregates of personal life satisfaction) is individualism-themed. With the data collected from 13,009 participants across fifty countries, we compare associations of four types of happiness (out of which three are more collectivism-themed than personal life satisfaction) with two different measures of individualism. We replicated previous findings by demonstrating that societal happiness measured as country-level aggregate of personal life satisfaction is correlated with individualism. Importantly though, we also found that the country-level aggregates of the collectivism-themed measures of happiness do not tend to be significantly correlated with individualism. Implications for happiness studies and for policy makers are signaled.

Published
2021

14. Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations

Author

John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, Dashamir Bërxulli, Tomasz Besta, Soline Ammirati, Ana Makashvili, Sandesh Dhakal, Mandy Boehnke, Emma C. O’Connor, Jennifer K. Bosson, Hedy Greijdanus, Janine Bosak, Serdar Karabati, Monika Kovacs, Emma A. Renström, Martina Hřebíčková, Neharika Vohra, Valeska Zanello, Ani Grigoryan, Vincent Yzerbyt, Marco Salvati, Eric S. Mankowski, Jorge Palacio, Joaquín Ungaretti, Collins Badu Agyemang, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Sylvie Graf, Vadym Vasiutynskyi, Masoumeh Seydi, Dominique Muller, Junyi Li, Alin Gavreliuc, Adil Samekin, Antonella Ludmila Zapata-Calvente, Carla Sofia Esteves, Soledad de Lemus, Amarina Ariyanto, Nikolay Dvorianchikov, Angela T. Maitner, A. Timur Sevincer, Maja Becker, Justine Dandy, Tiphaine Rousseaux, Simon Schindler, Tiziana Mancini, Sachiko Ohno, Serena Daalmans, Desirée Kozlowski, Francesca Guizzo, Rosita Sobhie, Nhan Thi Lac An, Claudia Manzi, Sami Abuhamdeh, Chongzeng Bi, Mary Anne Lauri, Juliana Barreiros Porto, Erico Rentería Pérez, Sonoko Egami, Gabriella Kengyel, Hannah Hämer, Vladimir Mihić, Rawan Ghazzawi, Jasna Milošević Đorđević, Katie E. Sullivan, Mariko Tatsumi, Sadia Malik, Quang Thi Mong Chi, Sarah E. Martiny, Sara Sherbaji, Michael Bender, Narine Khachatryan, Lucy R. Tavitian-Elmadjian, Katharina Block, Miriam-Linnea Hale, Deborah L. Best, Andrew B. Moynihan, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Mika Hirai, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo, Abiodun Musbau Lawal, Qingwei Chen, Marta Walentynowicz, Annalisa Casini, Dorthe Høj Jensen, Cláudio Vaz Torres, Aistė Bakaitytė, Edgardo Etchezahar, Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Mujeeba Ashraf, Magdalena Zawisza, Paweł Jurek, Anna Lindqvist, Silvia Mari, Joanna Grzymała-Moszczyńska, Shera Malayeri, Peilian Chi, Toni Schmader, Danielle P. Ochoa, Michał Olech, Pablo Perez de Leon, Teri A. Kirby, Ana Raquel Rosas Torres, Lucille De Souza, Kimberly A. Noels, Erita Narhetali, Saba Safdar, Chiara Bertolli, Vera Cubela Adoric, Emma Sarter, Mary Kinahan, Angelica Puzio, Beril Türkoğlu, Laura Froehlich, Clara Kulich, Jolanda van der Noll, Dijana Sulejmanović, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Jana Lindner, Timothy Jacob Valshtein, Mario Sainz, Randall E. Osborne, Colleen Ward, Tai Kurosawa, Snigdha Patnaik, Rita Žukauskienė, Paul B. Hutchings, Suparna Jain Thakur, Javier Labarthe, Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti, Anna Wlodarczyk, Boglárka Nyúl, Kaltrina Kelmendi, Claude-Hélène Mayer, Colette van Laar, Michelle K. Ryan, Beatriz Torre, Debra Shepherd, Yaping Yang, Félix Neto, Keltouma Guerch, Maria Giuseppina Pacilli, Gulnaz Anjum, Neto Felix, Vladislav Krivoshchekov, Marie Gustafsson Sendén, Efraín García-Sánchez, Joel Anderson, Lam Hoang Duc, Satu Venäläinen, Elena Makarova, Cláudia Simão, Joseph A. Vandello, Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Dana Gavreliuc, Ioana M Latu, Silvia Moscatelli, Gülçin Akbaş, Magdalena Żadkowska, Renata Bongiorno, Eva Moreno-Bella, Vera Hoorens, Ángel Gómez, Ivana Piterová, Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE-LTC), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bosson, J, Jurek, P, Vandello, J, Kosakowska-Berezecka, N, Olech, M, Besta, T, Bender, M, Hoorens, V, Becker, M, Timur Sevincer, A, Best, D, Safdar, S, Wlodarczyk, A, Zawisza, M, Zadkowska, M, Abuhamdeh, S, Badu Agyemang, C, Akbas, G, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Ammirati, S, Anderson, J, Anjum, G, Ariyanto, A, Jamir Benzon, R, Ashraf, M, Bakaityte, A, Bertolli, C, Berxulli, D, Bi, C, Block, K, Boehnke, M, Bongiorno, R, Bosak, J, Casini, A, Chen, Q, Chi, P, Cubela Adoric, V, Daalmans, S, Dandy, J, Lemus, S, Dhakal, S, Dvorianchikov, N, Egami, S, Etchezahar, E, Sofia Esteves, C, Felix, N, Froehlich, L, Garcia-Sanchez, E, Gavreliuc, A, Gavreliuc, D, Gomez, A, Guizzo, F, Graf, S, Greijdanus, H, Grigoryan, A, Grzymala-Moszczynska, J, Guerch, K, Gustafsson Senden, M, Hale, M, Hamer, H, Hirai, M, Hoang Duc, L, Hrebickova, M, Hutchings, P, Hoj Jensen, D, Jasinskaja-Lahti, I, Karabati, S, Kelmendi, K, Kengyel, G, Khachatryan, N, Ghazzawi, R, Kinahan, M, Kirby, T, Kovacs, M, Kozlowski, D, Krivoshchekov, V, Kulich, C, Kurosawa, T, Thi Lac An, N, Labarthe, J, Latu, I, Anne Lauri, M, Mankowski, E, Musbau Lawal, A, Li, J, Lindner, J, Lindqvist, A, Maitner, A, Makarova, E, Makashvili, A, Malayeri, S, Malik, S, Mancini, T, Manzi, C, Mari, S, Martiny, S, Mayer, C, Mihic, V, Milosevic Dordevic, J, Moreno-Bella, E, Moscatelli, S, Bryan Moynihan, A, Muller, D, Narhetali, E, Neto, F, Noels, K, Nyul, B, O'Connor, E, Ochoa, D, Ohno, S, Olanrewaju Adebayo, S, Osborne, R, Giuseppina Pacilli, M, Palacio, J, Patnaik, S, Pavlopoulos, V, Perez de Leon, P, Piterova, I, Barreiros Porto, J, Puzio, A, Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J, Renteria Perez, E, Renstrom, E, Rousseaux, T, Ryan, M, Sainz, M, Salvati, M, Samekin, A, Schindler, S, Seydi, M, Shepherd, D, Sherbaji, S, Schmader, T, Simao, C, Sobhie, R, Souza, L, Sarter, E, Sulejmanovic, D, Sullivan, K, Tatsumi, M, Tavitian-Elmadjian, L, Jain Thakur, S, Thi Mong Chi, Q, Torre, B, Torres, A, Torres, C, Turkoglu, B, Ungaretti, J, Valshtein, T, Van Laar, C, van der Noll, J, Vasiutynskyi, V, Vauclair, C, Venalainen, S, Vohra, N, Walentynowicz, M, Ward, C, Yang, Y, Yzerbyt, V, Zanello, V, Ludmila Zapata-Calvente, A, Zukauskiene, R, UCL - SSH/IPSY - Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Social Psychology, Research programme OB, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Bosson J.K., Jurek P., Vandello J.A., Kosakowska-Berezecka N., Olech M., Besta T., Bender M., Hoorens V., Becker M., Timur Sevincer A., Best D.L., Safdar S., Wlodarczyk A., Zawisza M., Zadkowska M., Abuhamdeh S., Badu Agyemang C., Akbas G., Albayrak-Aydemir N., Ammirati S., Anderson J., Anjum G., Ariyanto A., Jamir Benzon R. Aruta J., Ashraf M., Bakaityte A., Bertolli C., Berxulli D., Bi C., Block K., Boehnke M., Bongiorno R., Bosak J., Casini A., Chen Q., Chi P., Cubela Adoric V., Daalmans S., Dandy J., Lemus S.D., Dhakal S., Dvorianchikov N., Egami S., Etchezahar E., Sofia Esteves C., Felix N., Froehlich L., Garcia-Sanchez E., Gavreliuc A., Gavreliuc D., Gomez A., Guizzo F., Graf S., Greijdanus H., Grigoryan A., Grzymala-Moszczynska J., Guerch K., Gustafsson Senden M., Hale M.-L., Hamer H., Hirai M., Hoang Duc L., Hrebickova M., Hutchings P.B., Hoj Jensen D., Jasinskaja-Lahti I., Karabati S., Kelmendi K., Kengyel G., Khachatryan N., Ghazzawi R., Kinahan M., Kirby T.A., Kovacs M., Kozlowski D., Krivoshchekov V., Kulich C., Kurosawa T., Thi Lac An N., Labarthe J., Latu I., Anne Lauri M., Mankowski E., Musbau Lawal A., Li J., Lindner J., Lindqvist A., Maitner A.T., Makarova E., Makashvili A., Malayeri S., Malik S., Mancini T., Manzi C., Mari S., Martiny S.E., Mayer C.-H., Mihic V., Milosevic Dordevic J., Moreno-Bella E., Moscatelli S., Bryan Moynihan A., Muller D., Narhetali E., Neto F., Noels K.A., Nyul B., O'Connor E.C., Ochoa D.P., Ohno S., Olanrewaju Adebayo S., Osborne R., Giuseppina Pacilli M., Palacio J., Patnaik S., Pavlopoulos V., Perez de Leon P., Piterova I., Barreiros Porto J., Puzio A., Pyrkosz-Pacyna J., Renteria Perez E., Renstrom E., Rousseaux T., Ryan M.K., Sainz M., Salvati M., Samekin A., Schindler S., Seydi M., Shepherd D., Sherbaji S., Schmader T., Simao C., Sobhie R., Souza L.D., Sarter E., Sulejmanovic D., Sullivan K.E., Tatsumi M., Tavitian-Elmadjian L., Jain Thakur S., Thi Mong Chi Q., Torre B., Torres A., Torres C.V., Turkoglu B., Ungaretti J., Valshtein T., Van Laar C., van der Noll J., Vasiutynskyi V., Vauclair C.-M., Venalainen S., Vohra N., Walentynowicz M., Ward C., Yang Y., Yzerbyt V., Zanello V., Ludmila Zapata-Calvente A., Zukauskiene R., and Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa

Subjects
Cultural Studies, Ciências Sociais::Sociologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology, Social Sciences, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 050109 social psychology, Ambivalence, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Psychology, Social, Precarious manhood beliefs, 050105 experimental psychology, ddc:150, Psychometric isomorphism, precarious manhood beliefs, ambivalent sexism, ambivalence toward men, Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Meaning (existential), media_common, Isomorphism (sociology), Ciências Sociais::Antropologia [Domínio/Área Científica], precarious manhood belief, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, psychometric isomorphism, precarious manhood beliefs, ambivalent sexism, ambivalence toward men, 16. Peace & justice, Ambivalence toward men, Human development (humanity), Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, 3. Good health, Communication and Media, Ambivalent sexism, Scale (social sciences), Anthropology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Ideology, 150 Psychology, Social psychology, Social status
Abstract

The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by a Grant from the National Science Centre in Poland (Grant Number: 2017/26/M/HS6/00360) awarded to Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka. Data collection by the following researchers was supported by Grants as follows: Emma C. O'Connor (Grant RL5GM118963 from National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health; Angel Gomez (Grant RTI2018-093550-B-I00 from the Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain); Sylvie Graf and Martina Hrebickova (Grant 20-01214S from the Czech Science Foundation, and Grant RVO: 68081740 from the Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences); Teri A. Kirby (Grant ES/S00274X/1 from the Economic and Social Research Council); Soledad de Lemus (Grant PSI2016-79971-P from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the excellence); Michelle K. Ryan and Renata Bongiorno (Grant ERC-2016-COG 725128 from the European Research Council awarded to Michelle K. Ryan); Marie Gustafsson Senden, Anna Lindqvist and Emma Renstrom (Grant 2017-00414 from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare); Claudio V. Torres (Grant DPI/DIRPE n. 04/2019 from the University of Brasilia)., This study was preregistered in Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/u9xfg/., Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Whereas qualitative and ethnographic data suggest that many cultures conceptualize manhood as precarious, quantitative research has yet to demonstrate the cross-cultural consistency of precarious manhood beliefs. Here, we examined the psychometric isomorphism, or measurement invariance, of a brief precarious manhood beliefs scale (the PMB). Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N=33,417), we examined: (1) the isomorphism of the PMB across individual and country levels; (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies (e.g., ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; Glick & Fiske, 1996, 1999); and (3) associations of the PMB with country-level indices of gender equality (the GGGI; World Economic Forum, 2019) and human development (the HDI; United Nations Development Programme, 2019). Findings indicate that the PMB is a psychometrically valid and isomorphic index of beliefs about the male gender role that accounts for unique variance in country-level gender equality and human development., National Science Center, Poland 2017/26/M/HS6/00360, United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) RL5GM118963, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain RTI2018-093550-B-I00, Grant Agency of the Czech Republic 20-01214S, Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences RVO: 68081740, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) ES/S00274X/1, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness PSI2016-79971-P, European Research Council (ERC) European Commission ERC-2016-COG 725128, Swedish Research Council Swedish Research Council for Health Working Life & Welfare (Forte) 2017-00414, University of Brasilia 04/2019

Published
2021
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15. Belief in a zero-sum game and subjective well-being across 35 countries

Author

Vivian Miu-Chi Lun, Magdalena Żemojtel-Piotrowska, Marija Nikolic, Anna Z. Czarna, Paweł Jurek, Valdiney Veloso Gouveia, Bogomaz Sa, Murnizam Halik, Iva Poláčková Šolcová, Wahab Shahbaz, Evgeny Osin, Jan Cieciuch, Narine Kachatryan, Eduardo Wills-Herrera, Anna Kawula, Anna Wlodarczyk, Jarosław Piotrowski, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Arbinda Lal Bhomi, Sergiu Bălțătescu, Habib Tiliouine, Byron G. Adams, Aituar Kospakov, Elena Paspalanova, Alain Van Hiel, Martina Klicperova-Baker, Joanna Różycka-Tran, A.A. Pankratova, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Eva Letovancova, Győző Pék, Illia Yahiiaiev, Sara Malo Cerrato, Stephan Muehlbacher, Amanda Clinton, Shanmukh V. Kamble, Carla Sofia Esteves, Joonha Park, John Maltby, Rahkman Ardi, Gisela T. de Clunie, Pablo Perez de Leon, Department of Social Psychology, and Arbeids- en Organisatie Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG)

Subjects
Social psychology (sociology), PERSONALITY, Psicologia social, media_common.quotation_subject, Perspective (graphical), Well-being, MML, Social Sciences, Life satisfaction, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], SWLS, Social psychology, Social relation, LIFE, Subjective well-being, Scale (social sciences), Personality, Benestar, Psychology, General Psychology, media_common, Belief in a zero-sum game
Abstract

This article presents a short research report on the relationship between perceived antagonism in social relations measured using the Belief in a Zero-Sum Game (BZSG) scale, life satisfaction, and positive and negative affect. Given that individuals who believe that life is like a zero-sum game are likely to perceive their daily interactions with others as unfair, we expected that individuals with high BZSG experience more negative affect and fewer positive one, resulting in a lower satisfaction with life. In addition, we examined whether country-level BZSG may play a moderating role in these associations. Data were collected from student samples (N = 7146) in 35 countries. Multilevel modelling revealed that perceived social antagonism in social relations is negatively associated with satisfaction with life and that this relationship is mediated by both positive and negative affect at the individual level. The relation of individual BZSG and negative affect on satisfaction with life were weaker in societies with higher country-level BZSG, suggesting that the effects of BZSG may be less detrimental in these countries. These findings extend previous knowledge about predictors of life satisfaction and suggest that social beliefs might also be an important factor that influences subjective well-being. The contribution of the study is that the separate treatment of life satisfaction and positive and negative affect may be helpful in many research situations, particularly from a cross-cultural perspective.

Published
2021

16. Country-level correlates of the Dark Triad traits in 49 countries

Author

Jarosław Piotrowski, Martina Klicperova-Baker, Magdalena Żemojtel-Piotrowska, Evgeny Osin, Emanuel Jauk, Chin Wei Ong, Mladen Adamovic, W. Keith Campbell, Joonha Park, Peter K. Jonason, Jano Ramos-Diaz, Habib Tiliouine, Agim Mamuti, Carlos Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera, Emil Knezovic, Abdul Qadir, Kees van den Bos, Osman Uslu, Jochen E. Gebauer, Illia Yahiiaev, Snežana Bilić, Boban Petrović, Alain Van Hiel, Walaa Labib M. Eldesoki, Taciano L. Milfont, Artur Sawicki, Robert Tomsik, Monika Kovacs, Anna Wlodarczyk, Kokou A. Atitsogbe, Xuejun Lei, Byron G. Adams, Alejandra Del Carmen Dominguez, John Maltby, Joel Gruneau Brulin, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Sonya Dragova-Koleva, Narine Khachatryan, Goran Ridic, Katherine Gundolf, Harshalini Y. Bundhoo, Kadi Liik, Sofián El-Astal, Valdiney Veloso Gouveia, Adil Samekin, Sergiu Bălțătescu, Dzintra Iliško, Carla Sofia Esteves, Charles S. Umeh, Constantine Sedikides, Anissa Lestari Kadiyono, Shanmukh V. Kamble, and Department of Social Psychology

Subjects
Male, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychopathy, Population, Social Sciences, psychopathy, PSYCHOLOGY, MACHIAVELLIANISM, cross-cultural, Taverne, cultural values, medicine, Narcissism, Personality, SIDE, Humans, Machiavellianism, Big Five personality traits, education, media_common, education.field_of_study, PERSONALITY, Dark triad, VALUES, Antisocial Personality Disorder, medicine.disease, Social relation, NARCISSISM, Dark Triad, Affect, narcissism, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Social psychology, BEHAVIOR, DIRTY DOZEN
Abstract

Objectives: The Dark Triad traits (i.e., narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism) capture individual differences in aversive personality to complement work on other taxonomies, such as the Big Five traits. However, the literature on the Dark Triad traits relies mostly on samples from English-speaking (i.e., Westernized) countries. We broadened the scope of this literature by sampling from a wider array of countries. Method: We drew on data from 49 countries (N = 11,723; 65.8% female; Age Mean = 21.53) to examine how an extensive net of country-level variables in economic status (e.g., Human Development Index), social relations (e.g., gender equality), political orientations (e.g., democracy), and cultural values (e.g., embeddedness) relate to country-level rates of the Dark Triad traits, as well as variance in the magnitude of sex differences in them. Results: Narcissism was especially sensitive to country-level variables. Countries with more embedded and hierarchical cultural systems were more narcissistic. Also, sex differences in narcissism were larger in more developed societies: Women were less likely to be narcissistic in developed (vs. less developed) countries. Conclusions: We discuss the results based on evolutionary and social role models of personality and sex differences. That higher country-level narcissism was more common in less developed countries, whereas sex differences in narcissism were larger in more developed countries, is more consistent with evolutionary than social role models.

Published
2020

17. Reasons for Facebook Usage: Data From 46 Countries

Author

Konstantinos Kafetsios, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Marina Butovskaya, Ike E. Onyishi, Mons Bendixen, Antonin Carrier, Zainab F. Zadeh, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Luis Diego Vega, Alba Moya Garófano, Alvaro Mailhos, Piotr Sorokowski, Farida Guemaz, Katarzyna Pisanski, Ruta Sargautyte, Seda Can, Muhammad Rizwan, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Chin Ming Hui, Stanislava Stoyanova, Richard Ayebare, Norbert Meskó, Rosa María Cueto, İzzet Duyar, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Rocio Martinez, Susanne Schmehl, Annette Pisanski, Miriam Parise, Mario Sainz, Carla Sofia Esteves, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Jorge Contreras-Graduño, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Farid Pazhoohi, Tina Kavčič, Sarah L. McKerchar, Girishwar Misra, Oksana Senyk, Pavol Prokop, Chiemezie S. Atama, Rizwana Shaikh, Nejc Plohl, George Nizharadze, Mohd Sofian Omar Fauzee, Grace Akello, Svjetlana Salkičević, Camelia Popa, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Georgina R. Lennard, Marta Kowal, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Ivana Hromatko, Meri Tadinac, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Nicolas Kervyn, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Katarzyna Cantarero, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Kelly Asao, Małgorzata Dobrowolska, Feng Jiang, Toivo Aavik, Giulia Lopez, András Láng, Karina Ugalde González, Berna Ertuğrul, Ernesto León, Trinh Thi Linh, Charlotte Alm, Gyesook Yoo, Tomasz Frackowiak, Torun Lindholm, Hoang Moc Lan, Afifa Anjum, Daria Dronova, Boris Bizumic, Nils C. Köbis, Mahmoud Boussena, Bojan Musil, Nguyen Van Luot, Zoi Manesi, Iskra Herak, Agustín Espinosa, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Hakan Cetinkaya, Mariia Perun, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Naumana Amjad, Maja Zupančič, Shivantika Sharad, David M. Buss, Jean Carlos Natividade, Barış Özener, Camelia Popa, derya atamtürk, Luis Vega, Luot Van Nguyen, Marta Kowal, Charlotte Alm, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Oksana Senyk, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Mohammad Alhabahba, Rosa Maria Cueto, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Jas Laile Jaafar, Marcin Czub, Tina Kavcic, Seda Dural, Andras Lang, Tomasz Frackowiak, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Nejc Plohl, Antonin Carrier, mohd sofian omar-fauzee, Conal Monaghan, Nils Kobis, David Buss, Nicolas Kervyn, Ariela F. Pagani, Katarzyna Pisanski, Agustín Espinosa, Ivana Hromatko, Norbert Meskó, Katarzyna Cantarero, izzet duyar, Pavol Prokop, Boris Bizumic, Hakan Çetinkaya, JAS LAILE SUZANA JAAFAR, Berna Ertuğrul Özener, Ignacio Estevan, İzzet Duyar, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Alba Moya-Garófano, Jean Natividade, Rocío Martínez, Stanislava Stoyanova, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Ike Onyishi, Gyesook Yoo, Barış Özener, C. Sofia Esteves, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Chin Ming Hui, and UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations

Subjects
sex differences, Facebook, Higher education, media_common.quotation_subject, lcsh:BF1-990, MEDLINE, Age Differences, age differences, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Usage data, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, cross-cultural, State (polity), motives, Sex differences, Data Report, Psychology, Cross-cultural, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Social science, General Psychology, media_common, Receipt, online social network, Age differences, Online Social Network, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Facebook, cross-cultural, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, lcsh:Psychology, Motives, Online social network, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Seventy-nine percent of internet users use Facebook, and on average they access Facebook eight times a day (Greenwood et al., 2016). To put these numbers into perspective, according to Clement (2019), around 30% of the world’s population uses this Online Social Network (OSN) site. Despite the constantly growing body of academic research on Facebook (Chou et al., 2009 ; Back et al., 2010 ; Kaplan and Haenlein, 2010 ; McAndrew and Jeong, 2012 ; Wilson et al., 2012 ; Krasnova et al., 2017), there remains limited research regarding the motivation behind Facebook use across different cultures. Our main goal was to collect data from a large cross-cultural sample of Facebook users to examine the roles of sex, age, and, most importantly, cultural differences underlying Facebook use.

Published
2020

18. Sex differences in mate preferences across 45 countries: a large-scale replication

Author

Seda Can, Svjetlana Salkičević, Pavol Prokop, Alvaro Mailhos, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Kelly Asao, Gyesook Yoo, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Luis Diego Vega, İzzet Duyar, Nicolas Kervyn, Tina Kavčič, Jorge Contreras Garduño, Farida Guemaz, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Ruta Sargautyte, Camelia Popa, András Láng, Grace Akello, Annette Pisanski, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Carlota Batres, Naumana Amjad, Muhammad Rizwan, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Chin Ming Hui, Norbert Meskó, Susanne Schmehl, Katarzyna Cantarero, Stanislava Stoyanova, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Agnieszka Niemczyk, Farid Pazhoohi, Karina Ugalde González, Feng Jiang, Tomasz Frackowiak, Rocio Martinez, Miriam Parise, Marta Zat’ková, Agustín Espinosa, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Boris Bizumic, Maja Zupančič, Antonin Carrier, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Meri Tadinac, Berna Ertuğrul, Ilona Croy, Torun Lindholm, Afifa Anjum, Hoang Moc Lan, Marina Horvat, Carla Sofia Esteves, Kathryn V. Walter, Ivana Hromatko, Giulia Lopez, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Girishwar Misra, Mahmoud Boussena, Hakan Cetinkaya, Daria Dronova, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Rosa María Cueto, Bojan Musil, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Nils C. Köbis, Mario Sainz, Iskra Herak, George Nizharadze, Marina Butovskaya, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Mons Bendixen, Petra Gyuris, Georgina R. Lennard, Piotr Sorokowski, Zoi Manesi, Toivo Aavik, Richard Ayebare, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Luxi Fang, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Nguyen Van Luot, Katarzyna Pisanski, Shivantika Sharad, Alba Moya-Garófano, David M. Buss, Mária Halamová, Jean Carlos Natividade, Barış Özener, Ike E. Onyishi, Imran Ahmed Khilji, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Ernesto León, Trinh Thi Linh, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Sarah L. McKerchar, Chiemezie S. Atama, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Charlotte Alm, UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, and Social & Organizational Psychology

Subjects
Attractiveness, sex differences, biosocial role theory, SDG 5 - Gender Equality, Perspective (graphical), Physical attractiveness, open data, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Evolutionary psychology, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Biosocial theory, preregistered, Open data, Cross-cultural psychology, mate preferences, sex differences, cross-cultural studies, evolutionary psychology, biosocial role theory, open data, preregistered, mate preferences, Cross-cultural, cross-cultural studies, evolutionary psychology, Psychology, General Psychology, Demography
Abstract

Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives-an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective-offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Published
2020

19. The mental health continuum-short form

Author

Valdiney Veloso Gouveia, Adil Samekin, Elena Paspalanova, Alain Van Hiel, Illia Yahiiaev, Eva Letovancova, Eduardo Wills Herrera, Jan Cieciuch, Pablo Perez de Leon, Jarosław M. Michałowski, Evgeny Osin, Ashraf Hosseini, Joonha Park, Vivian Miu-Chi Lun, Győző Pék, Marija Nikolic, Anna Wlodarczyk, Joanna Różycka-Tran, Anna Kawula, Habib Tiliouine, Alison Marganski, Jarosław Piotrowski, Rahkman Ardi, Sara Malo Cerrato, Natalia G. Malysheva, Gisela T. de Clunie, Amanda Clinton, Dzintra Iliško, Shanmukh V. Kamble, Murnizam Halik, Martina Klicperova-Baker, Byron G. Adams, Carla Sofia Esteves, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Narine Khachatryan, John Maltby, Anna Z. Czarna, Magdalena Żemojtel-Piotrowska, Bogomaz Sa, Wahab Shahbaz, Arbinda Lal Bhomi, Sergiu Bălţătescu, Melanie Vauclair, Kadi Liik, University of Zurich, Żemojtel-Piotrowska, Magdalena, and Department of Social Psychology

Subjects
Male, Psychometrics, Social Sciences, 050109 social psychology, Personal Satisfaction, Global Health, Developmental psychology, 10004 Department of Business Administration, 0504 sociology, MHC-SF, BIFACTOR, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Básica [Domínio/Área Científica], 3203 Clinical Psychology, 05 social sciences, Middle Aged, Explained variation, Confirmatory factor analysis, 330 Economics, PREVALENCE, measurement invariance, Clinical Psychology, Mental Health, 1201 Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Scale (social sciences), cross-cultural study, UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS, Female, Psychology, Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Mental Health Continuum-Short Form, medicine.medical_specialty, OF-FIT INDEXES, Adolescent, MODELS, UFSP13-1 Social Networks, Structural equation modeling, Young Adult, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Measurement invariance, Psychiatry, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Continuum-Short Form, 050401 social sciences methods, Cross-cultural studies, Mental health, LIFE
Abstract

ObjectiveThe Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) is a brief scale measuring positive human functioning. The study aimed to examine the factor structure and to explore the cross-cultural utility of the MHC-SF using bifactor models and exploratory structural equation modelling.MethodUsing multigroup confirmatory analysis (MGCFA) we examined the measurement invariance of the MHC-SF in 38 countries (university students, N=8,066; 61.73% women, mean age 21.55 years).ResultsMGCFA supported the cross-cultural replicability of a bifactor structure and a metric level of invariance between student samples. The average proportion of variance explained by the general factor was high (ECV=.66), suggesting that the three aspects of mental health (emotional, social, and psychological well-being) can be treated as a single dimension of well-being.ConclusionThe metric level of invariance offers the possibility of comparing correlates and predictors of positive mental functioning across countries; however, the comparison of the levels of mental health across countries is not possible due to lack of scalar invariance. Our study has preliminary character and could serve as an initial assessment of the structure of the MHC-SF across different cultural settings. Further studies on general populations are required for extending our findings.

Published
2018

20. Doddering but dear … even in the eyes of young children? Age stereotyping and prejudice in childhood and adolescence

Author

Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Sibila Marques, Ricardo Borges Rodrigues, Carla Sofia Esteves, Filomena Gerardo, and Filipa Cunha

Subjects
4. Education, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, 050109 social psychology, Cognition, General Medicine, Ambivalence, Stereotype content model, 050105 experimental psychology, Cognitive bias, language.human_language, European Social Survey, Developmental psychology, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Feeling, Social representation, language, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Portuguese, 10. No inequality, Psychology, General Psychology, media_common
Abstract

This study aims to explore age prejudice, and to examine age stereotyping in children and adolescents by adopting the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) as a theoretical framework. It was hypothesised that children are socialised into adopting an ambivalent representation of old age (socialisation hypothesis) and that this cognitive bias becomes weaker in adolescence due to greater cognitive maturity (developmental hypothesis). By analysing representative data from Portugal (European Social Survey; N = 2367), it was ascertained that the ambivalent age stereotype (higher evaluations of warmth than competence for older people) is indeed a shared social representation of older people in Portuguese society. A total of 103 Portuguese children (6–10 year olds) and adolescents (11–15 year olds) were then sampled from a local school and responded to age-appropriate measures assessing age prejudice as well as age stereotypes. Contrary to previous studies, the findings do not provide evidence for the existence of age prejudice because both children and adolescents reported positive feelings towards older people. However, the socialisation hypothesis was corroborated by showing that the ambivalent old age stereotype was already present in childhood. Contrary to the stipulated developmental hypothesis, the magnitude of this cognitive bias was very similar in adolescence.

Published
2017

21. Measurement invariance of Personal Well-Being Index (PWI-8) across 26 countries

Author

Arbinda Lal Bhomi, Joonha Park, Anna Wlodarczyk, Eva Letovancova, Jarosław Piotrowski, Hooria Seyedhosseini Ghaheh, Kadi Liik, Jan Cieciuch, John Maltby, Magdalena Żemojtel-Piotrowska, Evgeny Osin, Narine Khachatryan, Byron G. Adams, Anna Kawula, Ashraf Hosseini, Elena Paspalanova, Takashi Tsubakita, Ha Truong Thi Khanh, Gisela T. de Clunie, Sofya Nartova-Bochaver, Shanmukh V. Kamble, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Rahkman Ardi, Joanna Różycka-Tran, Marija Nikolic, Valdiney Veloso Gouveia, Carles Alsinet Mora, Carla Sofia Esteves, Sergiu Bălţătescu, Győző Pék, Sara Malo Cerrato, Amanda Clinton, and Department of Social Psychology

Subjects
Index (economics), Well-being, 050109 social psychology, Ciências Sociais::Outras Ciências Sociais [Domínio/Área Científica], Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Social psychology, Cross-cultural studies, 0502 economics and business, Statistics, Raw score, Cross-cultural, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Measurement invariance, 050207 economics, Personal well-being index, Equivalence (measure theory), Pencil (mathematics), Psicologia social, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, Life satisfaction, Metric (unit), Benestar, Psychology, Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract

This report examines the measurement invariance of the Personal Well-being Index with 8 items (PWI-8). University students (N = 5731) from 26 countries completed the measure either through paper and pencil or electronic mode. We examined uni-dimensional structure of PWI and performed a Multi-group CFA to assess the measurement invariance across the 26 countries, using conventional approach and the alignment procedure. The findings provide evidence of configural and partial metric invariance, as well as partial scalar invariance across samples. The findings suggest that PWI-8 can be used to examine correlates of life satisfaction across all included countries, however it is impossible to compare raw scores across countries. The work of Jarosław P. Piotrowski was supported by research Grant rewarded by University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznan Faculty. The work of Jan Cieciuch was supported by grants 2014/14/M/HS6/00919 from the National Science Centre, Poland.

Published
2017

22. Assortative mating and the evolution of desirability covariation

Author

Pavol Prokop, Chiemezie S. Atama, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Sarah L. McKerchar, Iskra Herak, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Ike E. Onyishi, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Jean Carlos Natividade, Girishwar Misra, Nguyen Van Luot, Barış Özener, Farida Guemaz, Ruta Sargautyte, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Imran Ahmed Khilji, James R. Roney, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Tomasz Frackowiak, Berna Ertuğrul, Mons Bendixen, Luis Diego Vega, Rosa María Cueto, Petra Gyuris, Boris Bizumic, Afifa Anjum, Shivantika Sharad, Susanne Schmehl, Mahmoud Boussena, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Katarzyna Pisanski, Mario Sainz, Silvio Donato, Muhammad Rizwan, Alba Moya-Garófano, Torun Lindholm, Karina Ugalde González, Agnieszka Niemczyk, Bojan Musil, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Svjetlana Salkičević, Daria Dronova, Chin Ming Hui, Charlotte Alm, Ernesto León, Nils C. Köbis, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Trinh Thi Linh, Alvaro Mailhos, Zoi Manesi, Richard Ayebare, Anna Marta Maria Bertoni, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Raffaella Iafrate, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Annette Pisanski, Kelly Asao, Rocio Martinez, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Miriam Parise, Gyesook Yoo, Aaron W. Lukaszewski, Grace Akello, Luxi Fang, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Agustín Espinosa, Marina Horvat, Carla Sofia Esteves, András Láng, Maja Zupančič, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, İzzet Duyar, Hakan Cetinkaya, Seda Can, Jorge Contreras Garduño, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Ivana Hromatko, Carlota Batres, Farid Pazhoohi, Katarzyna Cantarero, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Hoang Moc Lan, Feng Jiang, Tina Kavčič, Marina Butovskaya, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Naumana Amjad, Camelia Popa, Piotr Sorokowski, Meri Tadinac, Giulia Lopez, Toivo Aavik, Norbert Meskó, George Nizharadze, Stanislava Stoyanova, Georgina R. Lennard, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Nicolas Kervyn, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Marta Zaťková, Antonin Carrier, Ilona Croy, David M. Buss, Mária Halamová, Conroy-Beam, D., Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara 93106, United States -- Roney, J.R., Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara 93106, United States -- Lukaszewski, A.W., Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton 92831, United States -- Buss, D.M., Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, United States -- Asao, K., Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, United States -- Sorokowska, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland, Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, 1069, Germany -- Sorokowski, P., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Aavik, T., Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50090, Estonia -- Akello, G., Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu 0, Uganda -- Alhabahba, M.M., English Language Department, Middle East University, Amman, 11181, Jordan -- Alm, C., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden -- Amjad, N., Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan -- Anjum, A., Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan -- Atama, C.S., Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410002, Nigeria -- Atamtürk Duyar, D., Deparment of Anthropology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34452, Turkey -- Ayebare, R., North Star Alliance, NA, Kampala 0, Uganda -- Batres, C., Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, 17603, United States -- Bendixen, M., Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway -- Bensafia, A., EFORT, Department of Sociology, University of Algiers 2, Algiers, 16000, Algeria -- Bertoni, A., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Bizumic, B., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- Boussena, M., EFORT, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Algiers 2, Algiers, 16000, Algeria -- Butovskaya, M., Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation -- Can, S., Department of Psychology, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, 35300, Turkey -- Cantarero, K., Faculty in Sopot, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, 03-815, Poland -- Carrier, A., Psychology Faculty (CECOS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium -- Cetinkaya, H., Department of Psychology, Ankara University, Ankara, 6560, Turkey -- Croy, I., Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, 1069, Germany -- Cueto, R.M., Grupo de Psicología Política y Social (GPPS), Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, 15088, Peru -- Czub, M., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Donato, S., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Dronova, D., Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation -- Dural, S., Department of Psychology, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, 35300, Turkey -- Duyar, I., Deparment of Anthropology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34452, Turkey -- Ertugrul, B., Deparment of Anthropology, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkey -- Espinosa, A., Grupo de Psicología Política y Social (GPPS), Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, 15088, Peru -- Estevan, I., Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Motevideo, 11200, Uruguay -- Esteves, C.S., Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL, Lisboa, 1649-026, Portugal -- Fang, L., Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong -- Frackowiak, T., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Contreras Garduño, J., Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia UNAM, Morelia, 58190, Mexico -- González, K.U., Psychology Department, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, 11501, Costa Rica -- Guemaz, F., EFORT, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Setif 2, Setif, 16000, Algeria -- Gyuris, P., Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary -- Halamová, M., Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Department of Psychological Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, 94974, Slovakia -- Herak, I., Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organisations (LOURiM), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium -- Horvat, M., Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia -- Hromatko, I., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia -- Hui, C.-M., Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong -- Iafrate, R., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Jaafar, J.L., Dept of Educational Psychology and Counseling, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia -- Jiang, F., Organization and Human Resource Management, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, 102202, China -- Kafetsios, K., Psychology Department, University of Crete, Rethymno, 70013, Greece -- Kav?i?, T., Faculty of Education, University of Primorska, Koper, 6000, Slovenia -- Kennair, L.E.O., Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway -- Kervyn, N., Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organisations (LOURiM), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium -- Ha, T.T.K., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Khilji, I.A., Department of Psychology, F.G. College for Men, F-j/d, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan -- Köbis, N.C., Center for Research in Experimental Economics and Political Decision Mating, Department of Economics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081, Netherlands -- Lan, H.M., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Láng, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary -- Lennard, G.R., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- León, E., Grupo de Psicología Política y Social (GPPS), Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, 15088, Peru -- Lindholm, T., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden -- Linh, T.T., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Lopez, G., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Van Luot, N., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Mailhos, A., Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Motevideo, 11200, Uruguay -- Manesi, Z., Department of Experimental & Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081, Netherlands -- Martinez, R., Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Grenada, 18010, Spain -- McKerchar, S.L., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- Meskó, N., Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary -- Misra, G., Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021, India -- Monaghan, C., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- Mora, E.C., Department of Animal and Human Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana 0, Cuba -- Moya-Garófano, A., Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Grenada, 18010, Spain -- Musil, B., Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia -- Natividade, J.C., Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22451-000, Brazil -- Niemczyk, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Nizharadze, G., Department of Social Sciences, Free Unviersity of Tbilisi, Tbilisi 2, Georgia -- Oberzaucher, E., Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria -- Oleszkiewicz, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland, Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, 1069, Germany -- Omar-Fauzee, M.S., School of Education, Universiti Uteara Malaysia, Sintok, 6010, Malaysia -- Onyishi, I.E., Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410002, Nigeria -- Özener, B., Deparment of Anthropology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34452, Turkey -- Pagani, A.F., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Pakalniskiene, V., Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 1513, Lithuania -- Parise, M., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Pazhoohi, F., Department of Basic Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal -- Pisanski, A., Department of Animal and Human Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana 0, Cuba -- Pisanski, K., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland, Mammal Vocal Communication & Cognition Research Group, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH, United Kingdom -- Ponciano, E., Institute of Psychology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil -- Popa, C., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, UNATC-CINETIc, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, 30167, Romania -- Prokop, P., Department of Environmental Ecology, Comenius University, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovakia, Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, 845 06, Slovakia -- Rizwan, M., The Delve Pvt Ltd, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan -- Sainz, M., Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Grenada, 18010, Spain -- Salki?evi?, S., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia -- Sargautyte, R., Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 1513, Lithuania -- Sarmány-Schuller, I., Center for Social and Psychological Sciences, Institute of Experimental Psychology SAS, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia -- Schmehl, S., Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1010, Austria -- Sharad, S., Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021, India -- Siddiqui, R.S., Department of Management Sciences, DHA Suffa University, Karachi, 75500, Pakistan -- Simonetti, F., School of Psychology, P. Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, 8331150, Chile -- Stoyanova, S.Y., Department of Psychology, South-West University 'Neofit Rilski', Blagoevgrad, 2700, Bulgaria -- Tadinac, M., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia -- Varella, M.A.C., Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 03178-200, Brazil -- Vauclair, C.-M., Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL, Lisboa, 1649-026, Portugal -- Vega, L.D., Psychology Department, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, 11501, Costa Rica -- Widarini, D.A., Department of Communication, University Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama), Jakarta, 10270, Indonesia -- Yoo, G., Dept. of Child & Family Studies, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 024-47, South Korea -- Za?ková, M., Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Department of Psychological Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, 94974, Slovakia -- Zupan?i?, M., Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia, Microeconomics (ASE, FEB), Experimental and Political Economics / CREED (ASE, FEB), Faculteit Economie en Bedrijfskunde, and UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations

Subjects
05 social sciences, Assortative mating, 050109 social psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Biology, 050105 experimental psychology, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Trait covariation, Agent-based modeling, Cross-cultural studies, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Mate choice, Evolutionary biology, Trait, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Mate choice lies close to differential reproduction, the engine of evolution. Patterns of mate choice consequently have power to direct the course of evolution. Here we provide evidence suggesting one pattern of human mate choice—the tendency for mates to be similar in overall desirability—caused the evolution of a structure of correlations that we call the d factor. We use agent-based models to demonstrate that assortative mating causes the evolution of a positive manifold of desirability, d, such that an individual who is desirable as a mate along any one dimension tends to be desirable across all other dimensions. Further, we use a large cross-cultural sample with n = 14,478 from 45 countries around the world to show that this d-factor emerges in human samples, is a cross-cultural universal, and is patterned in a way consistent with an evolutionary history of assortative mating. Our results suggest that assortative mating can explain the evolution of a broad structure of human trait covariation. © 2019, National Foundation for Science and Technology Development START, Global Change System for Analysis, Research, and Training Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej National Foundation for Science and Technology Development, We thank everyone who participated in this study as well as the research assistants who assisted in translating forms, recruiting participants, and inputting data. The work of Truong Thi Khanh Ha was supported by grants 501.01-2016.02 from the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED). Anna Oleszkiewicz was supported by the Foundation for Polish Science (START scholarship). This study was conducted in line with project NIR ? 01201370995 “Cross-cultural and interdisciplinary researches. Biosocial and cross-cultural analysis of models of tolerance and basic values of culture in modern society” (Marina Butovskaya and Daria Dronova). Appendix A

Published
2019

23. What is needed in future drug treatment research? A systematic approach to identify gaps on effectiveness of drug treatment from the EMCDDA

Author

Carla Sofia Esteves, Alessandra Bo, Laura Amato, Marica Ferri, Sandy Oliver, Matthew Hickman, Lucas Wiessing, Inês Correia Guedes, and Marina Davoli

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), business.industry, Addiction, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychological intervention, Alternative medicine, Stakeholder, Medicine (miscellaneous), Public relations, medicine.disease, Action (philosophy), medicine, Quality (business), Addictive behavior, Set (psychology), business, media_common
Abstract

There is a perceived global need to bridge the existing gap between researchers and other stakeholders to make research more helpful and to realign “the mismatch between what clinical researchers do and what patients need”. The EMCDDA carried out a pilot analysis to explore the gaps in research on treatment for drug dependence as indicated by systematic reviewers of studies on effectiveness of interventions together with a stakeholder’s consultation to ensure a broader participation in the definition of research needs. The rough comparisons of the gaps identified by the researchers in the reviews and those suggested by the stakeholders reflect their different perception of research. The reviewers focus on the quality of studies and on how this may impair reaching conclusive evidence, while the stakeholders are more concerned by the management of effective interventions and by the needs of specific patients. With this exercise, the EMCDDA wants to contribute to the broader debate on how to translate evidence into action and it offers a possible way to support decision makers to set the health research agenda.

Published
2014

24. Doddering but dear … even in the eyes of young children? Age stereotyping and prejudice in childhood and adolescence

Author

Christin-Melanie, Vauclair, Ricardo, Borges Rodrigues, Sibila, Marques, Carla Sofia, Esteves, Filipa, Cunha, and Filomena, Gerardo

Subjects
Male, Stereotyping, Age Factors, Humans, Female, Child
Abstract

This study aims to explore age prejudice, and to examine age stereotyping in children and adolescents by adopting the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) as a theoretical framework. It was hypothesised that children are socialised into adopting an ambivalent representation of old age (socialisation hypothesis) and that this cognitive bias becomes weaker in adolescence due to greater cognitive maturity (developmental hypothesis). By analysing representative data from Portugal (European Social Survey; N = 2367), it was ascertained that the ambivalent age stereotype (higher evaluations of warmth than competence for older people) is indeed a shared social representation of older people in Portuguese society. A total of 103 Portuguese children (6-10 year olds) and adolescents (11-15 year olds) were then sampled from a local school and responded to age-appropriate measures assessing age prejudice as well as age stereotypes. Contrary to previous studies, the findings do not provide evidence for the existence of age prejudice because both children and adolescents reported positive feelings towards older people. However, the socialisation hypothesis was corroborated by showing that the ambivalent old age stereotype was already present in childhood. Contrary to the stipulated developmental hypothesis, the magnitude of this cognitive bias was very similar in adolescence.

Published
2016

25. A Agência Lusa como fonte na imprensa escrita generalista portuguesa

Author

Jorge, Carla Sofia Esteves

Subjects
Fontes de informação, Internet, Multimédia, Imprensa generalista, Agências noticiosas
Abstract

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estudos dos Media e Jornalismo Partindo de uma viagem pela história das agências noticiosas, esta dissertação analisa o percurso e a atividade das cinco agências portuguesas – Lusitânia, Agência de Notícias e Informação (ANI), Agência Noticiosa Portuguesa (ANOP), Notícias de Portugal (NP) e Agência Lusa –, focando-se nesta última e avaliando o seu papel de fonte na imprensa generalista portuguesa. Tendo por base uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa dos cinco jornais generalistas portugueses com maior quota de mercado – Correio da Manhã (CM), Diário de Notícias (DN), i, Jornal de Notícias (JN) e Público –, aferimos a presença e o peso da Agência Lusa nestes títulos, a par e em comparação com as suas congéneres internacionais. Para tal, analisámos, durante sete semanas, os cinco jornais generalistas e selecionámos todas as unidades de redação que citaram agências noticiosas, constituindo a amostra do estudo. Foram criadas categorias de análise para perceber quais os jornais que mais recorreram às informações divulgadas pelas agências, quais as mais citadas como fonte pela imprensa generalista portuguesa e de que forma foram referenciadas. Ao mesmo tempo, foi possível identificar os jornais que mais citaram a Lusa e de que forma esta agência foi usada pelos cinco diários.

Published
2013

26. Um caso de estudo

Author

Verdasca, Carla Sofia Esteves and Peres, Isabel

Subjects
Água, Saúde humana, Cerâmica, Metais pesados, Qualidade, Vidro
Abstract

O objectivo deste estudo consistiu na investigação da existência de um potencial risco para a saúde humana, associado ao impacte ambiental dos efluentes líquidos de indústrias cerâmicas e de vidro, nas águas superficais e subterrâneas, respectivamente. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido sobre um caso de estudo: na localidade de Casal da Areia, localizada no concelho de Alcobaça, onde existia um conhecimento prévio da ocorrência de descargas e consequente degradação da qualidade da água. O estudo foi realizado em duas zonas da localidade. A primeira situada próxima da fábrica de vidro e a segunda zona próxima da zona industrial, onde se localizam as indústrias de cerâmica. Nestas duas áreas de estudo foram inventariados um total de três pontos de água com vista a analisar as alterações químicas em relação a concentrações de referência. Os dados foram recolhidos numa campanha de monitorização com 2 fases: a 1ª no mês de Abril e a 2ª no mês de Junho de 2007. Os parâmetros analisados foram o pH, sólidos suspensos totais, oxigénio dissolvido, carência bioquímica de oxigénio, oxidabilidade, fósforo total, ortofosfatos, metais (Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Si, Ti, V e Zn) e aniões (F-, Cl-, Br-, NO3 -, PO4 2- e SO4 2-). Constatou-se a existência de degradação química da água subterrânea, possivelmente relacionada com descargas provenientes da fábrica de vidro e cristal. Os dados relativos à água superficial não permitiram relacionar a degradação química verificada com a presença de efluentes da indústria cerâmica, dadas as características heterogéneas apresentadas por este efluente. As águas analisadas apresentaram, contudo, valores elevados de alguns parâmetros teoricamente presentes em efluentes cerâmicos. Na água subterrânea foram identificados alguns elementos que podem constituir potencial risco para a saúde humana e ecossistemas, como o potássio, alumínio, manganês, níquel, chumbo e zinco, fluoretos e sulfatos. No caso da água superficial, esta não terá constituido um perigo para a saúde já que não era utilizada para consumo humano e apenas os parâmetros cloretos e alumínio excediam o V.M.R. imposto para águas de rega.

Published
2008

28. Saúde comunitária e educação para a sexualidade na escola: Um contributo

Author

Calado, Carla Sofia Esteves

Subjects
Poder, Sexual education, Educação sexual, Gender, Desenvolvimento comunitário, Health education, Sexualidade, Community psychology, Power, Community development, Psicologia comunitária, Género, Educação para a saúde, Sexuality
Abstract

Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia Comunitária O presente trabalho pretende contribuir para uma reflexão consistente sobre a lógica das leis sexuais dominantes na sociedade contemporânea, em particular na sociedade ocidental. Estas leis encontram-se reflectidas na breve resenha histórica apresentada, baseando-se em preconceitos e estereótipos cultural e socialmente determinados sobre o sexo e o papel dos diferentes géneros na Sexualidade. Pretendemos ainda reflectir sobre a influência dessas mesmas leis na Educação Sexual dos mais jovens (seja ela formal ou informal) às quais se tem dado grande importância no contexto actual. Neste relatório apresentamos uma análise sobre o que tem vindo a ser feito em matéria de Educação Sexual e Promoção da Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva em Portugal nos últimos anos, de forma a enquadrar o estudo exploratório que efectuámos numa comunidade de uma escola profissional de Lisboa. Seguidamente, apresentamos os resultados do referido estudo, cujo objectivo é o de fazer uma análise exploratória no que diz respeito à pertinência e viabilidade da implementação de um projecto de Educação para a Sexualidade no contexto escolar, testando a premissa de que este deve obedecer a uma lógica participativa. Apresentamos a discussão e conclusões deste estudo exploratório, que, embora não pretendam nem possam representar todas a complexidade da comunidade no seu todo, parecem apontar para a pertinência da implementação de um projecto colaborativo nesta área, quer pela sua necessidade (os alunos revelam carências importantes através dos seus conhecimentos, práticas e atitudes), quer pelas atitudes positivas e motivação de todos os stakeholders (pais, professores e alunos), quer pela disponibilidade evidenciada por todas estas partes para colaborar activamente na Educação para a Sexualidade.

Published
2007

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