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Summary Background Non-nutritive sucking habits likely may cause occlusal changes such as anterior open bite (AOB) if they persist over extended time. Objectives To assess if there is self-correction of AOB after cessation of non-nutritive sucking habits in children older than 4 years old, through a systematic review. Search methods Data sources included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS) databases, gray literature as Google Scholar, the database System for Information on Gray Literature in Europe (OpenGrey) and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database, also hand searches of the included studies references. Selection criteria Studies assessing occlusal changes in children aged 4–12 years with AOB traits and non-nutritive sucking habits after the discontinuation of the habit were included. Data collection and analysis Two authors independently assessed eligibility and extracted data. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist for quasi-experimental studies. The confidence in cumulative evidence was assessed using the GRADE criteria. Results Over 3100 studies, only 5 met the inclusion criteria. There is often self-correction of AOB after discontinuing the non-nutritive sucking habit, even in cases older than 4 years old. The improvement ranged between 50 and 100%. The overall quality of evidence was very low. Conclusions AOB self-correction after discontinuing a non-nutritive sucking habit is possible, even after 4 years old, although with very low certainty in the body of evidence. It is not clear after what age the removal from the habit is unlikely to facilitate AOB self-correction. Registration and conflict of interest International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews code: CRD42016052171. There was no conflicting interest from the review authors.

Introduction The purpose of this study was to evaluate palatal contours in nonextraction orthodontic treatment and long-term stability in patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusions. Methods Data were obtained from maxillary study models before treatment, after treatment, and at least 5 years postretention. Data were collected with a digital pantograph in the canine, second premolar, and first molar regions. Palatal width, base width, palatal height, and alveolar angle were evaluated. Results During treatment, the canine region was stable; in the premolar and molar regions, there were statistically significant increases in transverse (palatal and base widths) and palatal height measurements, whereas the alveolar angle decreased. In the postretention evaluation, the canine region showed the greatest modifications, except for alveolar angulation, which was stable. The premolar region showed stability, but, in the molar region, palatal width and alveolar angulation decreased. Conclusions In analyzing alterations in the geometry of palatal configuration, we concluded that a favorable transverse gain of the palatal base, from growth or orthodontics, was important for stability. The transverse gain of palatal base width during Class II treatment is important to compensate for the expected transverse loss in the cervical region and the decrease of alveolar angle in the long term.

OBJETIVO: o propósito deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar o efeito do jateamento com óxido de alumínio na adesão de braquetes ortodônticos e compará-lo à tradicional técnica de condicionamento ácido do esmalte. METODOLOGIA: foram utilizados 80 dentes bovinos distribuídos aleatoriamente entre quatro grupos, sendo que a superfície do esmalte foi tratada da seguinte maneira: grupo 1 (somente jateamento com óxido de alumínio), grupo 2 (profilaxia com pedra-pomes e condicionamento com ácido), grupo 3 (jateamento com óxido de alumínio e condicionamento ácido) e grupo 4 (somente condicionamento ácido). Após, foi aplicado sistema adesivo e o braquete colado com resina. Os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos ao teste de cisalhamento e análise do IAR. Aos resultados foram aplicados o teste de variância múltipla (ANOVA) e a comparação entre pares (Tukey). Para a análise do IAR foi aplicado o teste Qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: o grupo 1 apresentou a menor resistência ao cisalhamento (3,6MPa) e o 3 a maior (13,27MPa). A análise Qui-quadrado do IAR demonstrou que o tratamento da superfície do esmalte tem influência sobre a quantidade de remanescente de resina sobre o esmalte e os grupos 3 e 4 apresentaram a maior quantidade de resina aderida. CONCLUSÕES: o jateamento de óxido de alumínio não deve ser o único procedimento utilizado no preparo da superfície do esmalte na colagem de braquetes, porém, quando associado ao condicionamento ácido, mostrou-se eficaz no aumento da retenção entre esmalte e resina. Novos estudos são necessários visando menor dano do esmalte e adesão satisfatória.

OBJETIVO: o propósito deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar o efeito do jateamento com óxido de alumínio na adesão de braquetes ortodônticos e compará-lo à tradicional técnica de condicionamento ácido do esmalte. METODOLOGIA: foram utilizados 80 dentes bovinos distribuídos aleatoriamente entre quatro grupos, sendo que a superfície do esmalte foi tratada da seguinte maneira: grupo 1 (somente jateamento com óxido de alumínio), grupo 2 (profilaxia com pedra-pomes e condicionamento com ácido), grupo 3 (jateamento com óxido de alumínio e condicionamento ácido) e grupo 4 (somente condicionamento ácido). Após, foi aplicado sistema adesivo e o braquete colado com resina. Os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos ao teste de cisalhamento e análise do IAR. Aos resultados foram aplicados o teste de variância múltipla (ANOVA) e a comparação entre pares (Tukey). Para a análise do IAR foi aplicado o teste Qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: o grupo 1 apresentou a menor resistência ao cisalhamento (3,6MPa) e o 3 a maior (13,27MPa). A análise Qui-quadrado do IAR demonstrou que o tratamento da superfície do esmalte tem influência sobre a quantidade de remanescente de resina sobre o esmalte e os grupos 3 e 4 apresentaram a maior quantidade de resina aderida. CONCLUSÕES: o jateamento de óxido de alumínio não deve ser o único procedimento utilizado no preparo da superfície do esmalte na colagem de braquetes, porém, quando associado ao condicionamento ácido, mostrou-se eficaz no aumento da retenção entre esmalte e resina. Novos estudos são necessários visando menor dano do esmalte e adesão satisfatória.AIM: The purpose of this study in vitro was to evaluate the effect of the air abrasion with Al-oxide in the adhesion of orthodontic brackets and compare with traditional technique of acid conditioning of the enamel. METHODS: Eighty bovine teeth distributed randomly between four groups had been used and the surface of the enamel was prepared in the following way: group 1 (only air abrasion), group 2 (enamel pumiced and acid conditioning), group 3 (air abrasion and acid conditioning) and group 4 (only acid conditioning). After, adhesive system was applied and bracket was bonded with resin. Shear bond was assessed and analysis of the IAR was performed. Test of multiple variance (ANOVA) and the comparison between pairs had been applied (Tukey) on the results. For the analysis of the IAR the Qui-square test was applied. RESULTS: Group 1 presented the lowest shear strength (3,6MPa) and 3 the greater (13,27MPa). The Qui-square analysis of the IAR demonstrated that the treatment of the enamel surface has influence on the amount of resin remainder on the enamel and groups 3 and 4 had presented the biggest amount of adhered resin. CONCLUSIONS: The air abrasion doesn’t have to be the only procedure used in the preparation of the enamel surface in the brackets bonding, however, when associated to the acid conditioning it revealed efficient in adhesion increase. New studies are necessary aiming at lesser damage of the enamel and satisfactory adhesion.

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma nova classificação de mordida cruzada posterior, sendo esta mais didática e de fácil entendimento, diferindo das demais em sua nomenclatura, preservando, no entanto, os princípios fundamentais que regem a Ortodontia. Essa classificação torna o processo de diagnóstico da mordida cruzada posterior sistematizado, tornando-o mais preciso, auxiliando o clínico na elaboração de um plano de tratamento adequado e, como conseqüência, levando a um prognóstico mais favorável dessa má oclusão.The aim of this work is to present a new posterior crossbite classification, being this more didactic and of easy understanding, differing from the others in your nomenclature, preserving, however, the basic principles that govern the Orthodontics. This new classification makes the posterior crossbite diagnosis process systematized and accurate, assisting the clinician in the elaboration of a suitable treatment plan and as consequence, leading to more favorable prognostic of this malocclusion.

A extração de incisivos inferiores pode ser considerada como opção de tratamento em casos de má oclusão Classe I com apinhamento inferior, principalmente quando é observada desproporção dentária entre a arcada superior e inferior; o que pode ser demonstrado através da análise de Bolton. Essa desproporção dentária, pode ocorrer devido à diminuição da largura dos dentes superiores ou aumento na largura dos dentes inferiores. Neste caso clínico, o tratamento de escolha, com extração de um incisivo inferior, proporcionou terapia rápida, com o mínimo de efeitos colaterais indesejáveis.

A extração de incisivos inferiores pode ser considerada como opção de tratamento em casos de má oclusão Classe I com apinhamento inferior, principalmente quando é observada desproporção dentária entre a arcada superior e inferior; o que pode ser demonstrado através da análise de Bolton. Essa desproporção dentária, pode ocorrer devido à diminuição da largura dos dentes superiores ou aumento na largura dos dentes inferiores. Neste caso clínico, o tratamento de escolha, com extração de um incisivo inferior, proporcionou terapia rápida, com o mínimo de efeitos colaterais indesejáveis.Extraction of lower incisors can be considered a treatment option in cases of Class I malocclusions with mandibular crowding, specially when a tooth-size discrepancy is observed between lower and upper arch; that can be demonstrated through Bolton analysis. This dental discrepancy is normally due to upper teeth's decrease in width and lower teeth's increase in width. In this clinical case, the treatment with lower incisor extraction, provided a quick therapy, with minimum undesirable effects.

This case report describes the treatment and long-term follow-up care of a patient diagnosed with cleidocranial dysplasia who had multiple impacted permanent and supernumerary teeth. The aim of the treatment was to provide an adequate esthetic and functional reconstruction of the occlusion with good periodontal care. The patient was treated with a multidisciplinary therapeutic protocol including orthodontic and surgical procedures, and traction of 11 permanent teeth. The proposed objectives of good occlusion, normal function, healthy periodontium, and balanced profile were achieved, and the 3-year follow-up records showed stable results.

To assess the relationship between palatal height and width on plaster casts from 33 growing individuals with Class II Division 1 relationships who received orthodontic treatment without extraction.The palatal contours in the permanent canine and first molar regions were registered with a digital pantograph before treatment (T1), at the end of treatment (T2), and at least 5 years posttreatment (T3).The anterior palatal height did not change between T1 and T2, but a significant reduction was observed between T2 and T3. In the posterior palatal region, the height increased between T1 and T2 but not thereafter. No significant transverse changes were found in the canine region between T1 and T2. In the posterior region, however, the width increased significantly between T1 and T2.Palatal morphology in orthodontically treated Class II patients changed from an initially more triangular into a more square shape due to an increase in height and basal width, as well as a decrease in cervical width.

Solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome (SMMCIS) is a rare abnormality characterized by the presence of a central incisor positioned at the maxillary mid-axis. This morphologic defect also can be associated with other diseases. The purpose of this paper was to present a case report of a 4-year-old twin child with SMMCIS. The patient showed a symmetrical primary maxillary central incisor located at the midline, with an absence of labial frenulum, an indistinct philtrum, and an incisive papilla. Radiographic examination confirmed the presence of only a maxillary central incisor in both dentitions. The patient was referred for a genetic and otolaryngological assessment, however, no other abnormality than the ones reported were detected.

The objective of this article was to report a clinical case of a patient with solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome. He was treated with rapid maxillary expansion and evaluated with computed tomography. The boy, aged 6 years 7 months, had a single maxillary central incisor in the midline, posterior crossbite, prominent midpalatal ridge, indistinct philtrum, no incisive papilla, and no labial frenulum. No other systemic anomalies were found. Posteroanterior cephalometric radiography showed skeletal atresia of the maxilla that was corrected with rapid maxillary expansion. A Haas expander was used and activated twice per day (quarter turn per activation) for 15 days. The procedure was monitored with computed tomography to evaluate any effect on the intermaxillary suture and tooth. Although the crossbite was clinically corrected after the expansion, radiographs and tomographs showed no opening of the midpalatal suture. Rapid maxillary expansion resulted in neither midpalatal suture opening nor transverse increase of the maxillary skeletal base in this patient.

A girl (aged 8.5 years) with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome received orthodontic treatment that included rapid palatal expansion. The patient had early and complete intraoral dental eruption with a posterior crossbite and an expressive transverse atresic maxilla. No carious lesions were found, but hemangioma-like changes of the mucosa were observed. A Haas palatal expander was activated for 15 days and remained in the oral cavity for splinting purposes for 6 months; it was then replaced by a removable acrylic plate with a Hawley arch. Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome did not impede rapid maxillary expansion, and the treatment was successful.