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1. The Robotic Multi-Object Focal Plane System of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI)

Author

Silber, Joseph Harry, Fagrelius, Parker, Fanning, Kevin, Schubnell, Michael, Aguilar, Jessica Nicole, Ahlen, Steven, Ameel, Jon, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Bebek, Chris, Beard, Dominic Benton, Besuner, Robert, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco Javier, Claybaugh, Todd, Dobson, Carl, Duan, Yutong, Dunlop, Patrick, Edelstein, Jerry, Emmet, William T., Elliott, Ann, Evatt, Matthew, Gershkovich, Irena, Guy, Julien, Harris, Stu, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Honscheid, Klaus, Illa, Jose Maria, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jelinsky, Sharon R., Jimenez, Jorge, Karcher, Armin, Kent, Stephen, Kirkby, David, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Mike, Leitner, Daniela, Levi, Michael, McCauley, Jeremy, Meisner, Aaron, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Mundet, Juliá, Poppett, Claire, Rabinowitz, David, Reil, Kevin, Roman, David, Schlegel, David, Serrano, Santiago, Van Shourt, William, Sprayberry, David, Tarlé, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Weaverdyck, Curtis, Zhang, Kai, Azzaro, Marco, Bailey, Stephen, Becerril, Santiago, Blackwell, Tami, Bouri, Mohamed, Brooks, David, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Castro, Jose Peñate, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Doel, Peter, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Fahim, Nasib, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztañaga, Enrique, Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A, Gutierrez, Gaston, Hörler, Philipp, Kehoe, Robert, Kisner, Theodore, Kremin, Anthony, Kronig, Luzius, Landriau, Martin, Guillou, Laurent Le, Martini, Paul, Moustakas, John, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will, Prada, Francisco, Prieto, Carlos Allende, de Rivera, Guillermo Gonzalez, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Justo, Sharples, Ray, Soares-Santos, Marcelle, Schlafly, Edward, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, and Zou, Hu

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

A system of 5,020 robotic fiber positioners was installed in 2019 on the Mayall Telescope, at Kitt Peak National Observatory. The robots automatically re-target their optical fibers every 10 - 20 minutes, each to a precision of several microns, with a reconfiguration time less than 2 minutes. Over the next five years, they will enable the newly-constructed Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) to measure the spectra of 35 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will produce the largest 3D map of the universe to date and measure the expansion history of the cosmos. In addition to the 5,020 robotic positioners and optical fibers, DESI's Focal Plane System includes 6 guide cameras, 4 wavefront cameras, 123 fiducial point sources, and a metrology camera mounted at the primary mirror. The system also includes associated structural, thermal, and electrical systems. In all, it contains over 675,000 individual parts. We discuss the design, construction, quality control, and integration of all these components. We include a summary of the key requirements, the review and acceptance process, on-sky validations of requirements, and lessons learned for future multi-object, fiber-fed spectrographs., Comment: 51 pages, 41 figures

Published
2022
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2. The Physics of the Accelerating Universe Camera

Author

Padilla, Cristobal, Castander, Francisco J., Alarcon, Alex, Aleksic, Jelena, Ballester, Otger, Cabayol, Laura, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carretero, Jorge, Casas, Ricard, Castilla, Javier, Crocce, Martin, Delfino, Manuel, Diaz, Carlos, Eriksen, Martin, Fernandez, Enrique, Fosalba, Pablo, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Gaweda, Javier, Granena, Ferran, Illa, Jose Maria, Jimenez, Jorge, Lopez, Luis, Marti, Pol, Miquel, Ramon, Neissner, Christian, Pio, Cristobal, Sanchez, Eusebio, Serrano, Santiago, Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio, Tallada, Pau, Tonello, Nadia, and de Vicente, Juan

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The PAU (Physics of the Accelerating Universe) Survey goal is to obtain photometric redshifts (photo-z) and Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of astronomical objects with a resolution roughly one order of magnitude better than current broad band photometric surveys. To accomplish this, a new large field of view camera (PAUCam) has been designed, built, commissioned and is now operated at the William Herschel Telescope (WHT). With the current WHT Prime Focus corrector, the camera covers ~1-degree diameter Field of View (FoV), of which, only the inner ~40 arcmin diameter are unvignetted. The focal plane consists of a mosaic of 18 2k$x4k Hamamatsu fully depleted CCDs, with high quantum efficiency up to 1 micrometers in wavelength. To maximize the detector coverage within the FoV, filters are placed in front of the CCDs inside the camera cryostat (made out of carbon fiber) using a challenging movable tray system. The camera uses a set of 40 narrow band filters ranging from ~4500 to ~8500 Angstroms complemented with six standard broad-band filters, ugrizY. The PAU Survey aims to cover roughly 100 square degrees over fields with existing deep photometry and galaxy shapes to obtain accurate photometric redshifts for galaxies down to i_AB~22.5, detecting also galaxies down to i_AB~24 with less precision in redshift. With this data set we will be able to measure intrinsic alignments, galaxy clustering and perform galaxy evolution studies in a new range of densities and redshifts. Here, we describe the PAU camera, its first commissioning results and performance., Comment: 34 pages, 55 figures

Published
2019
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3. The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design

Author

DESI Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Prieto, Carlos Allende, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C., Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., de la Macorra, Axel, De Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Fusillo, Nicola Pietro Gentile, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Laguna, Joseph Maria Illa, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Goff, Jean-Marc Le, Guillou, Laurent Le, Van Suu, Auguste Le, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L'Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, MacCrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, McCauley, Jeremy, McDonald, Patrick, McGreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, da Costa, Luiz Nicolati, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Norberg, Peder, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O'Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Pâris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Regal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarle, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, and Zu, Ying

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. To trace the underlying dark matter distribution, spectroscopic targets will be selected in four classes from imaging data. We will measure luminous red galaxies up to $z=1.0$. To probe the Universe out to even higher redshift, DESI will target bright [O II] emission line galaxies up to $z=1.7$. Quasars will be targeted both as direct tracers of the underlying dark matter distribution and, at higher redshifts ($ 2.1 < z < 3.5$), for the Ly-$\alpha$ forest absorption features in their spectra, which will be used to trace the distribution of neutral hydrogen. When moonlight prevents efficient observations of the faint targets of the baseline survey, DESI will conduct a magnitude-limited Bright Galaxy Survey comprising approximately 10 million galaxies with a median $z\approx 0.2$. In total, more than 30 million galaxy and quasar redshifts will be obtained to measure the BAO feature and determine the matter power spectrum, including redshift space distortions.

Published
2016

4. The DESI Experiment Part II: Instrument Design

Author

DESI Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Prieto, Carlos Allende, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C., Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., de la Macorra, Axel, De Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Fusillo, Nicola Pietro Gentile, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Laguna, Joseph Maria Illa, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Goff, Jean-Marc Le, Guillou, Laurent Le, Van Suu, Auguste Le, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L'Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, MacCrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, McCauley, Jeremy, McDonald, Patrick, McGreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, da Costa, Luiz Nicolati, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Norberg, Peder, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O'Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Pâris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Regal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarle, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, and Zu, Ying

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectropic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. The DESI instrument is a robotically-actuated, fiber-fed spectrograph capable of taking up to 5,000 simultaneous spectra over a wavelength range from 360 nm to 980 nm. The fibers feed ten three-arm spectrographs with resolution $R= \lambda/\Delta\lambda$ between 2000 and 5500, depending on wavelength. The DESI instrument will be used to conduct a five-year survey designed to cover 14,000 deg$^2$. This powerful instrument will be installed at prime focus on the 4-m Mayall telescope in Kitt Peak, Arizona, along with a new optical corrector, which will provide a three-degree diameter field of view. The DESI collaboration will also deliver a spectroscopic pipeline and data management system to reduce and archive all data for eventual public use.

Published
2016

5. Design and Performance of a Low-Energy Gamma-Ray Trigger System for HERD.

Author

Fariña, Luis, Lathika, Keerthana, Lucchetta, Giulio, Yu, Monong, Boix, Joan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Blanch, Oscar, Martinez, Manel, and Rico, Javier

Subjects
PASTORAL systems, GAMMA rays, SPACE stations, THREE-dimensional imaging, DARK matter, COSMIC rays
Abstract

The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility has been proposed as one of the main experiments on board the Chinese space station. HERD is scheduled to be installed around 2027 and to operate for at least 10 years. Its main scientific goals are the study of the cosmic ray spectrum and composition up to the PeV energy range, indirect dark matter detection, and all-sky gamma-ray observation above 100 MeV. HERD features a novel design in order to optimize its acceptance per weight, with a central 3D imaging calorimeter surrounded on top and on its four lateral sides by complementary subdetectors. A dedicated trigger, dubbed the ultra-low-energy gamma-ray (ULEG) trigger, is required to enable the detection of gamma rays down to ~100 MeV. The ULEG trigger design is based upon the search for energy deposition patterns on the tracker and the anticoincidence shield, compatible with the conversion of a gamma ray within the tracker volume and resulting in enough tracker hits to allow for a good-quality gamma-ray direction reconstruction. We describe the current status of the design of the ULEG trigger system. We also characterize its performance in detecting gamma rays as inferred from Monte Carlo studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design

Author

Collaboration, DESI, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C, Bell, Eric F, Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S, Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G, Cahn, Robert N, Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G, Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J, Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L, Claybaugh, Todd M, Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T, Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P, Cousinou, M-C, Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P, Davis, Tamara M, Dawson, Kyle S, Macorra, Axel de la, Vicente, Juan De, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T, Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J, Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R, Finkbeiner, Douglas P, Fitzpatrick, Michael J, Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E, Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S, Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T, Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Fusillo, Nicola Pietro Gentile, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, and Guy, Julien

Subjects
astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.CO
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based darkenergy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and thegrowth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxyand quasar redshift survey. To trace the underlying dark matter distribution,spectroscopic targets will be selected in four classes from imaging data. Wewill measure luminous red galaxies up to $z=1.0$. To probe the Universe out toeven higher redshift, DESI will target bright [O II] emission line galaxies upto $z=1.7$. Quasars will be targeted both as direct tracers of the underlyingdark matter distribution and, at higher redshifts ($ 2.1 < z < 3.5$), for theLy-$\alpha$ forest absorption features in their spectra, which will be used totrace the distribution of neutral hydrogen. When moonlight prevents efficientobservations of the faint targets of the baseline survey, DESI will conduct amagnitude-limited Bright Galaxy Survey comprising approximately 10 milliongalaxies with a median $z\approx 0.2$. In total, more than 30 million galaxyand quasar redshifts will be obtained to measure the BAO feature and determinethe matter power spectrum, including redshift space distortions.

Published
2016

7. The DESI Experiment Part II: Instrument Design

Author

Collaboration, DESI, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C, Bell, Eric F, Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S, Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G, Cahn, Robert N, Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G, Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J, Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L, Claybaugh, Todd M, Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T, Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P, Cousinou, M-C, Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P, Davis, Tamara M, Dawson, Kyle S, Macorra, Axel de la, Vicente, Juan De, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T, Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J, Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R, Finkbeiner, Douglas P, Fitzpatrick, Michael J, Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E, Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S, Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T, Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Fusillo, Nicola Pietro Gentile, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, and Guy, Julien

Subjects
astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.CO
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectropic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based darkenergy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations and the growthof structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy andquasar redshift survey. The DESI instrument is a robotically-actuated,fiber-fed spectrograph capable of taking up to 5,000 simultaneous spectra overa wavelength range from 360 nm to 980 nm. The fibers feed ten three-armspectrographs with resolution $R= \lambda/\Delta\lambda$ between 2000 and 5500,depending on wavelength. The DESI instrument will be used to conduct afive-year survey designed to cover 14,000 deg$^2$. This powerful instrumentwill be installed at prime focus on the 4-m Mayall telescope in Kitt Peak,Arizona, along with a new optical corrector, which will provide a three-degreediameter field of view. The DESI collaboration will also deliver aspectroscopic pipeline and data management system to reduce and archive alldata for eventual public use.

Published
2016

8. The Robotic Multiobject Focal Plane System of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI)

Author

Silber, Joseph Harry, primary, Fagrelius, Parker, additional, Fanning, Kevin, additional, Schubnell, Michael, additional, Aguilar, Jessica Nicole, additional, Ahlen, Steven, additional, Ameel, Jon, additional, Ballester, Otger, additional, Baltay, Charles, additional, Bebek, Chris, additional, Beard, Dominic Benton, additional, Besuner, Robert, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Casas, Ricard, additional, Castander, Francisco Javier, additional, Claybaugh, Todd, additional, Dobson, Carl, additional, Duan, Yutong, additional, Dunlop, Patrick, additional, Edelstein, Jerry, additional, Emmet, William T., additional, Elliott, Ann, additional, Evatt, Matthew, additional, Gershkovich, Irena, additional, Guy, Julien, additional, Harris, Stu, additional, Heetderks, Henry, additional, Heetderks, Ian, additional, Honscheid, Klaus, additional, Illa, Jose Maria, additional, Jelinsky, Patrick, additional, Jelinsky, Sharon R., additional, Jimenez, Jorge, additional, Karcher, Armin, additional, Kent, Stephen, additional, Kirkby, David, additional, Kneib, Jean-Paul, additional, Lambert, Andrew, additional, Lampton, Mike, additional, Leitner, Daniela, additional, Levi, Michael, additional, McCauley, Jeremy, additional, Meisner, Aaron, additional, Miller, Timothy N., additional, Miquel, Ramon, additional, Mundet, Juliá, additional, Poppett, Claire, additional, Rabinowitz, David, additional, Reil, Kevin, additional, Roman, David, additional, Schlegel, David, additional, Serrano, Santiago, additional, Van Shourt, William, additional, Sprayberry, David, additional, Tarlé, Gregory, additional, Tie, Suk Sien, additional, Weaverdyck, Curtis, additional, Zhang, Kai, additional, Azzaro, Marco, additional, Bailey, Stephen, additional, Becerril, Santiago, additional, Blackwell, Tami, additional, Bouri, Mohamed, additional, Brooks, David, additional, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, additional, Castro, Jose Peñate, additional, Derwent, Mark, additional, Dey, Arjun, additional, Dhungana, Govinda, additional, Doel, Peter, additional, Eisenstein, Daniel J., additional, Fahim, Nasib, additional, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, additional, Gaztañaga, Enrique, additional, A Gontcho, Satya Gontcho, additional, Gutierrez, Gaston, additional, Hörler, Philipp, additional, Kehoe, Robert, additional, Kisner, Theodore, additional, Kremin, Anthony, additional, Kronig, Luzius, additional, Landriau, Martin, additional, Le Guillou, Laurent, additional, Martini, Paul, additional, Moustakas, John, additional, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, additional, Peng, Xiyan, additional, Percival, Will, additional, Prada, Francisco, additional, Prieto, Carlos Allende, additional, de Rivera, Guillermo Gonzalez, additional, Sanchez, Eusebio, additional, Sanchez, Justo, additional, Sharples, Ray, additional, Soares-Santos, Marcelle, additional, Schlafly, Edward, additional, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, additional, Zhou, Zhimin, additional, Zhu, Yaling, additional, and Zou, Hu, additional

Published
2022
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9. The Physics of the Accelerating Universe Camera

Author

Padilla, Cristóbal, primary, Castander, Francisco J., additional, Alarcón, Alex, additional, Aleksic, Jelena, additional, Ballester, Otger, additional, Cabayol, Laura, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Carretero, Jorge, additional, Casas, Ricard, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, Crocce, Martin, additional, Delfino, Manuel, additional, Díaz, Carlos, additional, Eriksen, Martin, additional, Fernández, Enrique, additional, Fosalba, Pablo, additional, García-Bellido, Juan, additional, Gaztañaga, Enrique, additional, Gaweda, Javier, additional, Grañena, Ferran, additional, María Ílla, José, additional, Jiménez, Jorge, additional, López, Luis, additional, Martí, Pol, additional, Miquel, Ramon, additional, Neissner, Christian, additional, Pío, Cristóbal, additional, Sánchez, Eusebio, additional, Serrano, Santiago, additional, Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio, additional, Tallada, Pau, additional, Tonello, Nadia, additional, and de Vicente, Juan, additional

Published
2019
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10. Overview of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author

Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Heising Simons Foundation, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Martini, Paul, Bailey, Stephen, Besuner, Robert W., Brooks, David, Doel, Peter, Edelstein, Jerry, Eisenstein, Daniel, Flaugher, Brenna, Gutierrez, Gaston, Harris, Stewart E., Honscheid, Klaus, Jelinsky, Patrick, Joyce, Richard, Kent, Stephen, Levi, Michael, Prada, Francisco, Poppett, Claire, Rabinowitz, David, Rockosi, Constance, Cardiel Sas, Laia, Schlegel, David J., Schubnell, Michael, Sharples, Ray, Silber, Joseph H., Sprayberry, David, Wechsler, Risa, Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Heising Simons Foundation, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Martini, Paul, Bailey, Stephen, Besuner, Robert W., Brooks, David, Doel, Peter, Edelstein, Jerry, Eisenstein, Daniel, Flaugher, Brenna, Gutierrez, Gaston, Harris, Stewart E., Honscheid, Klaus, Jelinsky, Patrick, Joyce, Richard, Kent, Stephen, Levi, Michael, Prada, Francisco, Poppett, Claire, Rabinowitz, David, Rockosi, Constance, Cardiel Sas, Laia, Schlegel, David J., Schubnell, Michael, Sharples, Ray, Silber, Joseph H., Sprayberry, David, and Wechsler, Risa

Abstract

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is under construction to measure the expansion history of the Universe using the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation technique. The spectra of 35 million galaxies and quasars over 14000 square degrees will be measured during the life of the experiment. A new prime focus corrector for the KPNO Mayall telescope will deliver light to 5000 fiber optic positioners. The fibers in turn feed ten broad-band spectrographs. We present an overview of the instrumentation, the main technical requirements and challenges, and the current status of the project. © 2018 SPIE.

Published
2018

11. Overview of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author

Jelinsky, Patrick, primary, Wechsler, Risa, primary, Sharples, Ray, primary, Schubnell, Michael, primary, Rabinowitz, David, primary, Brooks, David, primary, Martini, Paul, primary, Besuner, Robert W., primary, Flaugher, Brenna, primary, Levi, Michael E., primary, Rockosi, Constance, primary, Schlegel, David J., primary, Sprayberry, David, primary, Bailey, Stephen, primary, Doel, Peter, primary, Edelstein, Jerry, primary, Honscheid, Klaus, primary, Eisenstein, Daniel, primary, Gutierrez, Gaston, primary, Harris, Stewart, primary, Poppett, Claire, primary, Silber, Joseph H., primary, Joyce, Richard, primary, Cardiel Sas, Laia, primary, Prada, Francisco, primary, and Kent, Stephen, primary

Published
2018
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12. The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design

Author

Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Prieto, Carlos Allende, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolás G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C., Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., de La Macorra, Axel, de Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stephanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Fusillo, Nicola Pietro Gentile, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-De-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Laguna, Joseph Maria Illa, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Goff, Jean-Marc Le, Guillou, Laurent Le, van Suu, Auguste Le, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L'Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, Maccrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, Mccauley, Jeremy, Mcdonald, Patrick, Mcgreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, da Costa, Luiz Nicolati, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Norberg, Peder, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O'Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Paris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Régal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarlè, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magaña, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, Zu, Ying, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), Okayama University, University of California [Berkeley], University of California, National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Yale University [New Haven], Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), The University of Notre Dame [Sydney], Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California-University of California, University of Portsmouth, University of British Columbia (UBC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), University of Edinburgh, Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics [University of Toronto], University of Toronto, Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Carreterra Mexico-Toluca, Department of Physics [Durham University], Durham University, Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Departamento de FisicaTeorica e IFT-UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Institute for Computational Cosmology (ICC), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Department of Applied Physics, Departamento de Fisica Aplicada [Granada], Universidad de Granada (UGR)-Universidad de Granada (UGR), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Wyoming (UW), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Departamento de Fisica Teorica, Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation [Portsmouth], Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] (CMU), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Department of Physics, University of California, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Institute of Astronomy [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, Dennis Sciama Building, University of Portsmouth, Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Center for Cosmology & AstroParticle Physics, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Pittsburgh], University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Institute for Astronomy [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), School of Physics and Astronomy [Nottingham], University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Department of Physics [Durham], University of New Hampshire (UNH), University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Department of Astronomy and Space Science [Sejong University], Sejong University, Department of Physics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), Department of Physics [Ann Arbor], University of St Andrews [Scotland], University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Minneapolis], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), National University of Defense Technology [China], DESI Collaboration, University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR)-Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of Oxford, and Escoffier, Stephanie

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.IM] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. To trace the underlying dark matter distribution, spectroscopic targets will be selected in four classes from imaging data. We will measure luminous red galaxies up to $z=1.0$. To probe the Universe out to even higher redshift, DESI will target bright [O II] emission line galaxies up to $z=1.7$. Quasars will be targeted both as direct tracers of the underlying dark matter distribution and, at higher redshifts ($ 2.1 < z < 3.5$), for the Ly-$\alpha$ forest absorption features in their spectra, which will be used to trace the distribution of neutral hydrogen. When moonlight prevents efficient observations of the faint targets of the baseline survey, DESI will conduct a magnitude-limited Bright Galaxy Survey comprising approximately 10 million galaxies with a median $z\approx 0.2$. In total, more than 30 million galaxy and quasar redshifts will be obtained to measure the BAO feature and determine the matter power spectrum, including redshift space distortions.

Published
2016

14. The PAUCam readout electronics system

Author

Jiménez, Jorge, additional, Illa, José M., additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, de Vicente, Juan, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, and Casas, Ricard, additional

Published
2016
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15. The PAU camera at the WHT

Author

Padilla, Cristóbal, additional, Ballester, Otger, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Carretero, Jorge, additional, Casas, Ricard, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, Croce, Martin, additional, Delfino, Manuel, additional, Eriksen, Martin, additional, Fernández, Enrique, additional, Fosalba, Pablo, additional, García-Bellido, Juan, additional, Gaztañaga, Enrique, additional, Grañena, Ferràn, additional, Hernández, Cales, additional, Jiménez, Jorge, additional, Lopez, Luis, additional, Martí, Pol, additional, Miquel, Ramon, additional, Niessner, Christian, additional, Pío, Cristóbal, additional, Ponce, Rafael, additional, Sánchez, Eusebio, additional, Serrano, Santiago, additional, Sevilla, Ignacio, additional, Tonello, Nadia, additional, and de Vicente, Juan, additional

Published
2016
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16. Testing fully depleted CCD

Author

Casas, Ricard, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Castander, Francisco J., additional, Jiménez, Jorge, additional, and de Vicente, Juan, additional

Published
2014
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18. Overview of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Simard, Luc, Takami, Hideki, Martini, Paul, Bailey, Stephen, Besuner, Robert W., Brooks, David, Doel, Peter, Edelstein, Jerry, Eisenstein, Daniel, Flaugher, Brenna, Gutierrez, Gaston, Harris, Stewart E., Honscheid, Klaus, Jelinsky, Patrick, Joyce, Richard, Kent, Stephen, Levi, Michael, Prada, Francisco, Poppett, Claire, Rabinowitz, David, Rockosi, Constance, Cardiel Sas, Laia, Schlegel, David J., Schubnell, Michael, Sharples, Ray, Silber, Joseph H., Sprayberry, David, and Wechsler, Risa

Published
2018
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19. The Dark Energy Camera readout system

Author

Shaw, Theresa, primary, Ballester, Otger, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, Chappa, Steve, additional, de Vicente, Juan, additional, Holm, Scott, additional, Huffman, Dave, additional, Kozlovsky, Mark, additional, Martínez, Gustavo, additional, Moore, Todd, additional, Olsen, Jamieson, additional, Simaitis, Vaidas, additional, and Stuermer, Walter, additional

Published
2012
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21. PAU camera: detectors characterization

Author

Casas, Ricard, primary, Ballester, Otger, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, Jiménez, Jorge, additional, Maiorino, Marino, additional, Pío, Cristóbal, additional, Sevilla, Ignacio, additional, and de Vicente, Juan, additional

Published
2012
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22. Status of the Dark Energy Survey Camera (DECam) project

Author

Flaugher, Brenna L., primary, Abbott, Timothy M. C., additional, Angstadt, Robert, additional, Annis, Jim, additional, Antonik, Michelle L., additional, Bailey, Jim, additional, Ballester, Otger, additional, Bernstein, Joseph P., additional, Bernstein, Rebecca A., additional, Bonati, Marco, additional, Bremer, Gale, additional, Briones, Jorge, additional, Brooks, David, additional, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth J., additional, Campa, Juila, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Castander, Francisco, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, Cease, Herman, additional, Chappa, Steve, additional, Chi, Edward C., additional, da Costa, Luis, additional, DePoy, Darren L., additional, Derylo, Gregory, additional, de Vincente, Juan, additional, Diehl, H. Thomas, additional, Doel, Peter, additional, Estrada, Juan, additional, Eiting, Jacob, additional, Elliott, Anne E., additional, Finley, David A., additional, Flores, Rolando, additional, Frieman, Josh, additional, Gaztanaga, Enrique, additional, Gerdes, David, additional, Gladders, Mike, additional, Guarino, V., additional, Gutierrez, G., additional, Grudzinski, Jim, additional, Hanlon, Bill, additional, Hao, Jiangang, additional, Holland, Steve, additional, Honscheid, Klaus, additional, Huffman, Dave, additional, Jackson, Cheryl, additional, Jonas, Michelle, additional, Karliner, Inga, additional, Kau, Daekwang, additional, Kent, Steve, additional, Kozlovsky, Mark, additional, Krempetz, Kurt, additional, Krider, John, additional, Kubik, Donna, additional, Kuehn, Kyler, additional, Kuhlmann, Steve E., additional, Kuk, Kevin, additional, Lahav, Ofer, additional, Langellier, Nick, additional, Lathrop, Andrew, additional, Lewis, Peter M., additional, Lin, Huan, additional, Lorenzon, Wolfgang, additional, Martinez, Gustavo, additional, McKay, Timothy, additional, Merritt, Wyatt, additional, Meyer, Mark, additional, Miquel, Ramon, additional, Morgan, Jim, additional, Moore, Peter, additional, Moore, Todd, additional, Neilsen, Eric, additional, Nord, Brian, additional, Ogando, Ricardo, additional, Olson, Jamieson, additional, Patton, Kenneth, additional, Peoples, John, additional, Plazas, Andres, additional, Qian, Tao, additional, Roe, Natalie, additional, Roodman, Aaron, additional, Rossetto, B., additional, Sanchez, E., additional, Soares-Santos, Marcelle, additional, Scarpine, Vic, additional, Schalk, Terry, additional, Schindler, Rafe, additional, Schmidt, Ricardo, additional, Schmitt, Richard, additional, Schubnell, Mike, additional, Schultz, Kenneth, additional, Selen, M., additional, Serrano, Santiago, additional, Shaw, Terri, additional, Simaitis, Vaidas, additional, Slaughter, Jean, additional, Smith, R. Christopher, additional, Spinka, Hal, additional, Stefanik, Andy, additional, Stuermer, Walter, additional, Sypniewski, Adam, additional, Talaga, R., additional, Tarle, Greg, additional, Thaler, Jon, additional, Tucker, Doug, additional, Walker, Alistair R., additional, Weaverdyck, Curtis, additional, Wester, William, additional, Woods, Robert J., additional, Worswick, Sue, additional, and Zhao, Allen, additional

Published
2012
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24. The PAU camera and the PAU survey at the William Herschel Telescope

Author

Castander, Francisco J., primary, Ballester, Otger, additional, Bauer, Anne, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Carretero, Jorge, additional, Casas, Ricard, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, Crocce, Martin, additional, Delfino, Manuel, additional, Eriksen, Martin, additional, Fernández, Enrique, additional, Fosalba, Pablo, additional, García-Bellido, Juan, additional, Gaztañaga, Enrique, additional, Grañena, Ferran, additional, Hernández, Carles, additional, Jiménez, Jorge, additional, López, Luis, additional, Martí, Pol, additional, Miquel, Ramon, additional, Neissner, Christian, additional, Padilla, Cristobal, additional, Pío, Cristobal, additional, Ponce, Rafael, additional, Sanchez, Eusebio, additional, Serrano, Santiago, additional, Sevilla, Ignacio, additional, Tonello, Nadia, additional, and de Vicente, Juan, additional

Published
2012
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25. Status of the dark energy survey camera (DECam) project

Author

Flaugher, Brenna L., primary, Abbott, Timothy M. C., additional, Annis, Jim, additional, Antonik, Michelle L., additional, Bailey, Jim, additional, Ballester, Otger, additional, Bernstein, Joseph P., additional, Bernstein, Rebecca, additional, Bonati, Marco, additional, Bremer, Gale, additional, Briones, Jorge, additional, Brooks, David, additional, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth J., additional, Campa, Julia, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Castander, Francisco, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, Cease, Herman, additional, Chappa, Steve, additional, Chi, Edward C., additional, da Costa, Luis, additional, DePoy, Darren L., additional, Derylo, Gregory, additional, De Vicente, Juan, additional, Diehl, H. Thomas, additional, Doel, Peter, additional, Estrada, Juan, additional, Eiting, Jacob, additional, Elliott, Anne, additional, Finley, David, additional, Frieman, Josh, additional, Gaztanaga, Enrique, additional, Gerdes, David, additional, Gladders, Mike, additional, Guarino, V., additional, Gutierrez, G., additional, Grudzinski, Jim, additional, Hanlon, Bill, additional, Hao, Jiangang, additional, Holland, Steve, additional, Honscheid, Klaus, additional, Huffman, Dave, additional, Jackson, Cheryl, additional, Karliner, Inga, additional, Kau, Daekwang, additional, Kent, Steve, additional, Krempetz, Kurt, additional, Krider, John, additional, Kozlovsky, Mark, additional, Kubik, Donna, additional, Kuehn, Kyler W., additional, Kuhlmann, Stephen E., additional, Kuk, Kevin, additional, Lahav, Ofer, additional, Lewis, Peter, additional, Lin, Huan, additional, Lorenzon, Wolfgang, additional, Marshall, Stuart, additional, Martínez, Gustavo, additional, McKay, Timothy, additional, Merritt, Wyatt, additional, Meyer, Mark, additional, Miquel, Ramon, additional, Morgan, Jim, additional, Moore, Peter, additional, Moore, Todd, additional, Nord, Brian, additional, Ogando, R., additional, Olsen, Jamieson, additional, Peoples, John, additional, Plazas, Andreas, additional, Roe, Natalie, additional, Roodman, Aaron, additional, Rossetto, B., additional, Sanchez, E., additional, Scarpine, Vic, additional, Schalk, Terry, additional, Schindler, Rafe, additional, Schmidt, Ricardo, additional, Schmitt, Richard, additional, Schubnell, Mike, additional, Schultz, Kenneth, additional, Selen, M., additional, Serrano, S., additional, Shaw, Terri, additional, Simaitis, Vaidis, additional, Slaughter, Jean, additional, Smith, R. Christopher, additional, Spinka, Hal, additional, Stefanik, Andy, additional, Stuermer, Walter, additional, Sypniewski, Adam, additional, Talaga, Rick, additional, Tarle, Greg, additional, Thaler, Jon, additional, Tucker, Doug, additional, Walker, Alistair R., additional, Weaverdyck, Curtis, additional, Wester, William, additional, Woods, Robert J., additional, Worswick, Sue, additional, and Zhao, Allen, additional

Published
2010
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26. System architecture of the Dark Energy Survey Camera readout electronics

Author

Shaw, Theresa, primary, Ballester, Otger, additional, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, Chappa, Steve, additional, de Vicente, Juan, additional, Holm, Scott, additional, Huffman, David, additional, Kozlovsky, Mark, additional, Martínez, Gustavo, additional, Moore, Todd, additional, Olsen, Jamieson, additional, Simaitis, Vaidotas, additional, and Stuermer, Walter, additional

Published
2010
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27. Front-end electronics for the Dark Energy Camera (DECam)

Author

Cardiel-Sas, Laia, primary, Barceló, Miquel, additional, Castilla, Javier, additional, DeVicente, Juan, additional, Huffman, Dave, additional, Kozlovsky, Mark, additional, Martinez, Gustavo, additional, Moore, Peter, additional, Olsen, Jamienson, additional, Schmidt, Ricardo, additional, Shaw, Terri, additional, and Stuermer, Walter, additional

Published
2008
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31. The PAU camera at the WHT

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Simard, Luc, Takami, Hideki, Padilla, Cristóbal, Ballester, Otger, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carretero, Jorge, Casas, Ricard, Castilla, Javier, Croce, Martin, Delfino, Manuel, Eriksen, Martin, Fernández, Enrique, Fosalba, Pablo, García-Bellido, Juan, Gaztañaga, Enrique, Grañena, Ferràn, Hernández, Cales, Jiménez, Jorge, Lopez, Luis, Martí, Pol, Miquel, Ramon, Niessner, Christian, Pío, Cristóbal, Ponce, Rafael, Sánchez, Eusebio, Serrano, Santiago, Sevilla, Ignacio, Tonello, Nadia, and de Vicente, Juan

Published
2016
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33. Testing fully depleted CCD

Author

Ramsay, Suzanne K., McLean, Ian S., Takami, Hideki, Casas, Ricard, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Castander, Francisco J., Jiménez, Jorge, and de Vicente, Juan

Published
2014
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34. The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design

Author

Desi, Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Allende Prieto, Carlos, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C, Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., La Macorra, Axel, Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Pietro Gentile Fusillo, Nicola, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-De-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Illa Laguna, Joseph Maria, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Le Goff, Jean-Marc, Le Guillou, Laurent, Le Suu, Auguste, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, Maccrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, Mccauley, Jeremy, Mcdonald, Patrick, Mcgreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, Nicolati Da Costa, Luiz, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Norberg, Peder, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Pâris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Regal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarle, Gregory, Sien Tie, Suk, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, and Ying Zu

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.CO, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. To trace the underlying dark matter distribution, spectroscopic targets will be selected in four classes from imaging data. We will measure luminous red galaxies up to $z=1.0$. To probe the Universe out to even higher redshift, DESI will target bright [O II] emission line galaxies up to $z=1.7$. Quasars will be targeted both as direct tracers of the underlying dark matter distribution and, at higher redshifts ($ 2.1 < z < 3.5$), for the Ly-$��$ forest absorption features in their spectra, which will be used to trace the distribution of neutral hydrogen. When moonlight prevents efficient observations of the faint targets of the baseline survey, DESI will conduct a magnitude-limited Bright Galaxy Survey comprising approximately 10 million galaxies with a median $z\approx 0.2$. In total, more than 30 million galaxy and quasar redshifts will be obtained to measure the BAO feature and determine the matter power spectrum, including redshift space distortions.

35. The DESI Experiment Part II: Instrument Design

Author

Desi, Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Allende Prieto, Carlos, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C, Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., La Macorra, Axel, Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Pietro Gentile Fusillo, Nicola, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-De-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Illa Laguna, Joseph Maria, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Le Goff, Jean-Marc, Le Guillou, Laurent, Le Suu, Auguste, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, Maccrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, Mccauley, Jeremy, Mcdonald, Patrick, Mcgreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, Nicolati Da Costa, Luiz, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Peder Norberg, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Pâris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Regal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarle, Gregory, Sien Tie, Suk, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, Zu, Ying, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] (CMU), University of Edinburgh, National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Yale University [New Haven], Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), The University of Notre Dame [Sydney], Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Portsmouth, Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology (Hawthorn campus), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Utah, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, University College of London [London] (UCL), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics [University of Toronto], University of Toronto, Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Carreterra Mexico-Toluca, Department of Physics [Durham University], Durham University, Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Institute for Computational Cosmology (ICC), Instituto de Fisica Teorica C-XVI (IFT-UAM/CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Department of Applied Physics, Departamento de Fisica Aplicada [Granada], Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR)-Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), University of Wyoming (UW), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Physics, University of California, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Department of Physics [Durham], University of New Hampshire (UNH), Departamento de Fisica Teorica, Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), Institute of Astronomy [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, Dennis Sciama Building, University of Portsmouth, Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Center for Cosmology & AstroParticle Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Pittsburgh], University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Institute for Astronomy [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), School of Physics and Astronomy [Nottingham], University of Nottingham, UK (UON), School of Physics, University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Astronomy and Space Science [Sejong University], Sejong University, Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton, NY] (BNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), Department of Physics [Ann Arbor], University of St Andrews [Scotland], University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Minneapolis], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Shandong University, National University of Defense Technology [China], Avidea Technologies, Inc, DESI Collaboration, Okayama University, University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of California-University of California, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Universidad de Granada (UGR)-Universidad de Granada (UGR), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), and Escoffier, Stephanie

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.IM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), astro-ph.IM, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectropic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. The DESI instrument is a robotically-actuated, fiber-fed spectrograph capable of taking up to 5,000 simultaneous spectra over a wavelength range from 360 nm to 980 nm. The fibers feed ten three-arm spectrographs with resolution $R= \lambda/\Delta\lambda$ between 2000 and 5500, depending on wavelength. The DESI instrument will be used to conduct a five-year survey designed to cover 14,000 deg$^2$. This powerful instrument will be installed at prime focus on the 4-m Mayall telescope in Kitt Peak, Arizona, along with a new optical corrector, which will provide a three-degree diameter field of view. The DESI collaboration will also deliver a spectroscopic pipeline and data management system to reduce and archive all data for eventual public use.

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