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Abstract Background Sleep disorders are often complained by cancer patients and can last years after the end of therapies, leading to different negative consequences. Non‐pharmacological strategies such as exercise interventions may be considered to counteract this phenomenon. The literature supports the beneficial effects of aerobic training (AT), while evidence on resistance training (RT) is scarce. Accordingly, our systematic review aims to investigate the potential novel effect of RT on sleep outcomes in cancer survivors. Methods The literature search was conducted on MEDLINE (Pubmed), Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, including only randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The screening procedure was conducted using the web‐based software COVIDENCE. Sleep outcomes assessed through self‐reported questionnaires or objective sleep measurements were extracted from RCTs recruiting cancer survivors of any age and gender, on or off treatment. The risk of bias (RoB) for each study was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool for RCTs. Meta‐analytic syntheses were performed on sleep quality and insomnia. Results A total of 21 studies were included in the review. Considering the mean percentage differences of all studies combined, promising positive results were found after combined aerobic and resistance exercise program (COMB) for sleep quality (−19%) and sleep disturbance (−17.3%). The meta‐analysis results showed significant improvement for both sleep quality and insomnia (d = 0.28, SE: 0.11, Z = 2.51, p

Abstract Background The al-Andalus physical activity intervention study is a randomised control trial to investigate the effectiveness of a land- and water-based exercise intervention for reducing the overall impact of fibromyalgia (primary outcome), and for improving tenderness and pain-related measures, body composition, functional capacity, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, fatigue, sleep quality, health-related quality of life, and cognitive function (secondary outcomes) in women with fibromyalgia. Methods/Design One hundred eighty women with fibromyalgia (age range: 35-65 years) will be recruited from local associations of fibromyalgia patients in Andalucía (Southern Spain). Patients will be randomly assigned to a usual care (control) group (n = 60), a water-based exercise intervention group (n = 60) or a land-based exercise intervention group (n = 60). Participants in the usual care group will receive general physical activity guidelines and participants allocated in the intervention groups will attend three non-consecutive training sessions (60 min each) per week during 24 weeks. Both exercise interventions will consist of aerobic, muscular strength and flexibility exercises. We will also study the effect of a detraining period (i.e., 12 weeks with no exercise intervention) on the studied variables. Discussion Our study attempts to reduce the impact of fibromyalgia and improve patients' health status by implementing two types of exercise interventions. Results from this study will help to assess the efficacy of exercise interventions for the treatment of fibromyalgia. If the interventions would be effective, this study will provide low-cost and feasible alternatives for health professionals in the management of fibromyalgia. Results from the al-Andalus physical activity intervention will help to better understand the potential of regular physical activity for improving the well-being of women with fibromyalgia. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01490281

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic ability of GDLAM and SPPB batteries to classify people with sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP19). Study design: This cross-sectional study recruited 584 participants (240 men, 65.33 ± 8.68 years old). The diagnostic criteria of the EWGSOP19 for probable, confirmed and severe sarcopenia were used as the standard. Then, the Latin American Group for Maturity battery-GDLAM- and the short physical performance battery-SPPB- were measured. The ability as screening methods of these two batteries were determined by specific indicators including sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the ROC curves (AUC). Main outcome measures: Anthropometric variables (Body mass, height, triceps, thigh and calf skinfolds and relaxed arm, middle-thigh and calf girths), handgrip strength (HG), chair stand, 4 m walk, and timed-up-and-go-tests (TUG) as well as the Latin American Group for Maturity battery (GDLAM) and the short physical performance battery (SPPB) were performed. Results: The GDLAM battery shows a sensitivity from moderate to high (60.1–72.2 %), and specificity from moderate (57.6 %) to very high (90.7 %) to identify sarcopenia categories (probable, confirmed and severe). However, the SPPB battery shows a lack of classification ability for probable sarcopenia (AUC = 0.436; p = 0.123), confirmed sarcopenia (AUC = 0.499; p = 0.959) and severe sarcopenia (AUC = 0.484; p = 0.532). Those participants classified as probable sarcopenia or confirmed sarcopenia measured by GDLAM battery according to the cut-off points obtained in the ROC curve showed a higher probability to be in the probable sarcopenia (OR = 2.8; p = 0.001) or confirmed sarcopenia categories (OR = 10; p = 0.002), respectively, based on EWGSOP19 criteria. Conclusions: The GDLAM screening battery showed improved properties in terms of distinguishing individuals at risk for sarcopenia from those who were not.

Resumen El envejecimiento produce una involución de las capacidades físicas que origina un deterioro del estado físico y una reducción de la funcionalidad personal. Conforme avanza la edad se produce una pérdida de fuerza, un descenso de la capacidad aeróbica y una reducción progresiva no lineal y específica por articulación y movimiento articular de la flexibilidad. Además, los desórdenes de equilibrio son frecuentes en las personas mayores, por lo que el trabajo de flexibilidad y equilibrio, secundario en personas adultas, cobra especial protagonismo en las personas mayores. Asociada a la edad se producen modificaciones sustanciales de la composición corporal, con una disminución de la masa libre de grasa, que condiciona un descenso del gasto metabólico basal y un incremento de la masa grasa. La práctica de actividad física ha demostrado ser una herramienta eficaz para atenuar o retardar el envejecimiento, pero sólo si dicho ejercicio es practicado de forma regular y con la intensidad adecuada, contribuirá a mejorar la capacidad funcional global del organismo. Las diferentes recomendaciones de actividad física para personas mayores publicadas hasta la fecha, determinan dichos criterios mínimos de volumen e intensidad, por lo que se deben tener presentes a la hora de realizar una prescripción de ejercicio físico a una persona mayor.AbstractAging process is associated with progressive declines in physical fitness and functionality. Across age, there is a lost of strength, aerobic capacity (Vo2max) and a progressive but not linear decreasing of specific joint mobility. Furthermore, balance disorders are common in older people. In addition, the flexibility and balance training, which is secondary in adult people, it is of special relevance in old people. Age-related changes occur in body composition: fat free mass decreases and it determines lower energy expenditure and consequent increase in fat mass. Physical activity has showed to be an useful tool for decelerating the aging process; however, benefits only occur when the physical activity is practiced at the appropriate volume and intensity. Different recommendations for frequency, intensity and duration of physical exercise have been published. The current recommendations for elderly people, determine the minimal criteria for volume and intensity, and they must be taken into consideration when prescribing physical exercise in old people.

Objective: To analyze changes over time and the predictive value of baseline and changes of sedentary time (ST) and physical activity (PA) on pain, disease impact, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) at 2‐ and 5‐year follow‐up in women with fibromyalgia. Methods: This is a longitudinal and exploratory study with three time points. A total of 427 women with fibromyalgia (51.4 ± 7.6 years) were followed after 2 (n = 172) and 5 years (n = 185). ST and PA (light and moderate‐to‐vigorous [MVPA]) were assessed using triaxial accelerometers. Pain, disease impact, and HRQoL were measured using: pressure pain threshold, the pain subscale of the revised fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQR), the bodily pain subscale of the 36‐item short‐form health survey (SF‐36), a visual analog scale (VAS), the FIQR, and the SF‐36 physical and mental components. Results: Over 5 years, pressure pain threshold, ST, light PA, and MVPA variables were worsened, while FIQR and SF‐36 variables were improved (Cohen's d < 0.1–0.3). Baseline ST or light PA were not associated with future outcomes, whereas greater MVPA at baseline was associated with better SF‐36 bodily pain at 5‐year follow‐up (β = 0.13). Reducing ST and increasing light PA were associated with better bodily pain (β = −0.16 and 0.17, respectively) and SF‐36 physical component (β = −0.20 and 0.17, respectively) at 5‐year follow‐up. Increasing MVPA was associated with less pain (pressure pain threshold, VAS, and FIQR‐pain) and better SF‐36 physical component at 2‐ and 5‐year follow‐up (β's from −0.20 to 0.21). Conclusions: Objectively measured variables slightly worsened over years, while for self‐reported outcomes there was a trend for improvement. Reductions in ST and increases in light PA and MVPA were associated with better HRQoL at 5‐year follow‐up, and increases in MVPA were additionally associated with better pain and HRQoL at 2‐year follow‐up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]