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14. Expert considerations and consensus for using dogs to detect human SARS-CoV-2-infections

Author

Meller, Sebastian, primary, Al Khatri, Maryam Sultan Ali, additional, Alhammadi, Hamad Khatir, additional, Álvarez, Guadalupe, additional, Alvergnat, Guillaume, additional, Alves, Lêucio Câmara, additional, Callewaert, Chris, additional, Caraguel, Charles G. B., additional, Carancci, Paula, additional, Chaber, Anne-Lise, additional, Charalambous, Marios, additional, Desquilbet, Loïc, additional, Ebbers, Hans, additional, Ebbers, Janek, additional, Grandjean, Dominique, additional, Guest, Claire, additional, Guyot, Hugues, additional, Hielm-Björkman, Anna, additional, Hopkins, Amy, additional, Kreienbrock, Lothar, additional, Logan, James G., additional, Lorenzo, Hector, additional, Maia, Rita de Cassia Carvalho, additional, Mancilla-Tapia, Juan M., additional, Mardones, Fernando O., additional, Mutesa, Leon, additional, Nsanzimana, Sabin, additional, Otto, Cynthia M., additional, Salgado-Caxito, Marília, additional, de los Santos, Florencia, additional, da Silva, Jeine Emanuele Santos, additional, Schalke, Esther, additional, Schoneberg, Clara, additional, Soares, Anísio Francisco, additional, Twele, Friederike, additional, Vidal-Martínez, Victor Manuel, additional, Zapata, Ariel, additional, Zimin-Veselkoff, Natalia, additional, and Volk, Holger A., additional

Published
2022
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15. Expert considerations and consensus for using dogs to detect human SARS-CoV-2-infections

Author

Meller, Sebastian, Al Khatri, Maryam Sultan Ali, Alhammadi, Hamad Khatir, Álvarez, Guadalupe, Alvergnat, Guillaume, Alves, Lêucio Câmara, Callewaert, Chris, Caraguel, Charles G.B., Carancci, Paula, Chaber, Anne Lise, Charalambous, Marios, Desquilbet, Loïc, Ebbers, Hans, Ebbers, Janek, Grandjean, Dominique, Guest, Claire, Guyot, Hugues, Hielm-Björkman, Anna, Hopkins, Amy, Kreienbrock, Lothar, Logan, James G., Lorenzo, Hector, Maia, Rita de Cassia Carvalho, Mancilla-Tapia, Juan M., Mardones, Fernando O., Mutesa, Leon, Nsanzimana, Sabin, Otto, Cynthia M., Salgado-Caxito, Marília, de los Santos, Florencia, da Silva, Jeine Emanuele Santos, Schalke, Esther, Schoneberg, Clara, Soares, Anísio Francisco, Twele, Friederike, Vidal-Martínez, Victor Manuel, Zapata, Ariel, Zimin-Veselkoff, Natalia, Volk, Holger A., University of Helsinki, Departments of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Helsinki One Health (HOH), Petbone – ortopedia, fysioterapia, kivunlievitys, and Research Centre for Animal Welfare

Subjects
pandemic control, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, canine detection, test system, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health
Abstract

Funding Information: This Open Access publication was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – 491094227 “Open Access Publication Funding” and the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation.

Published
2022

33. Variation in Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence: effects of site, sex, species and behaviour between insular and mainland macropods

Author

Taggart, Patrick L., Fancourt, Bronwyn A., Peacock, David, Caraguel, Charles G. B., McAllister, Milton M., Taggart, Patrick L., Fancourt, Bronwyn A., Peacock, David, Caraguel, Charles G. B., and McAllister, Milton M.

Abstract

Context: Feral cats threaten wildlife conservation through a range of direct and indirect effects. However, most studies that have evaluated the impacts of feral cats on species of conservation significance have focussed on direct impacts such as predation; few studies have considered the indirect impacts of cat-borne disease. Toxoplasma gondii, a cat-borne parasite, causes both acute and latent disease in a range of wildlife species, and macropods are particularly susceptible. Kangaroo Island is Australia’s third largest island and supports a high density of feral cats and high seroprevalence of T. gondii in multiple species, relative to the mainland. This suggests that Kangaroo Island has a high environmental contamination with the parasite and a high risk of infection for other species.Aims: We aimed to describe T. gondii seroprevalence in culled and road-killed macropods, so as to assess the effects of island versus mainland location, sex, species and behaviour.Methods: Macropod sera were tested for T. gondii IgG antibodies using a commercially available modified agglutination test.Key results: The seroprevalence of T. gondii in culled western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) was significantly higher on the island (20%, 11/54 positive) than on the mainland (0%, 0/61 positive). There was no difference in T. gondii seroprevalence between culled and road-killed (21%, 21/102 positive) kangaroos from the island. The seroprevalence of T. gondii was significantly higher in female (32%, 12/38 positive) than in male (13%, 8/60 positive) kangaroos, but we observed no sex effect in tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii), and no effect of species.Conclusions: The higher T. gondii seroprevalence in insular macropods supports previous reports of higher T. gondii exposure in other Kangaroo Island fauna. The lack of difference in T. gondii seroprevalence between culled and road-killed kangaroos suggests that T. gondii-positive animals are not more vulnerable to road mortality

Published
2020

37. Serological evidence of exposure to a coronavirus antigenically related to severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS‐CoV‐1) in the Grey‐headed flying fox ( Pteropus poliocephalus )

Author

Boardman, Wayne S. J., primary, Baker, Michelle L., additional, Boyd, Victoria, additional, Crameri, Gary, additional, Peck, Grantley R., additional, Reardon, Terry, additional, Smith, Ian G., additional, Caraguel, Charles G. B., additional, and Prowse, Thomas A. A., additional

Published
2020
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38. Seroprevalence of three paramyxoviruses; Hendra virus, Tioman virus, Cedar virus and a rhabdovirus, Australian bat lyssavirus, in a range expanding fruit bat, the Grey-headed flying fox (Pteropus poliocephalus)

Author

Boardman, Wayne S. J., primary, Baker, Michelle L., additional, Boyd, Victoria, additional, Crameri, Gary, additional, Peck, Grantley R., additional, Reardon, Terry, additional, Smith, Ian G., additional, Caraguel, Charles G. B., additional, and Prowse, Thomas A. A., additional

Published
2020
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42. Evaluation of a telemetric gastrointestinal pill for continuous monitoring of gastrointestinal temperature in horses at rest and during exercise

Author

Verdegaal, Elisabeth Lidwien J.M.M., Delesalle, Catherine, Caraguel, Charles G.B., Folwell, Louise E., McWhorter, Todd J., Howarth, Gordon S., Franklin, Samantha H., LS Equine Internal Medicine, and LS Equine Internal Medicine

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Thermometers, 040301 veterinary sciences, Rectum, Body Temperature, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical Conditioning, Animal, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Telemetry, Horses, General Veterinary, business.industry, Continuous monitoring, Rectal temperature, social sciences, 030229 sport sciences, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Thermoregulation, Rectal probe, Surgery, Gastrointestinal Tract, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pill, Anesthesia, population characteristics, Female, business, human activities, Water baths, geographic locations
Abstract

OBJECTIVE To evaluate use of a telemetric gastrointestinal (GI) pill to continuously monitor GI temperature in horses at rest and during exercise and to compare time profiles of GI temperature and rectal temperature. ANIMALS 8 Standardbred horses. PROCEDURES Accuracy and precision of the GI pill and a rectal probe were determined in vitro by comparing temperature measurements with values obtained by a certified resistance temperature detector (RTD) in water baths at various temperatures (37°, 39°, and 41°C). Subsequently, both GI and rectal temperature were recorded in vivo in 8 horses over 3 consecutive days. The GI temperature was recorded continuously, and rectal temperature was recorded for 3.5 hours daily. Comparisons were made between GI temperature and rectal temperature for horses at rest, during exercise, and after exercise. RESULTS Water bath evaluation revealed good agreement between the rectal probe and RTD. However, the GI pill systematically underestimated temperature by 0.14°C. In vivo, GI temperature data were captured with minimal difficulties. Most data loss occurred during the first 16 hours, after which the mean ± SD data loss was 8.6 ± 3.7%. The GI temperature was consistently and significantly higher than rectal temperature with an overall mean temperature difference across time of 0.27°C (range, 0.22° to 0.32°C). Mean measurement cessation point for the GI pill was 5.1 ± 1.0 days after administration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study revealed that the telemetric GI pill was a reliable and practical method for real-time monitoring of GI temperature in horses.

Published
2017

43. Evidence of significantly higher island feral cat abundance compared with the adjacent mainland

Author

Taggart, Patrick L., Fancourt, Bronwyn A., Bengsen, Andrew J., Peacock, David E., Hodgens, Patrick, Read, John L., McAllister, Milton M., Caraguel, Charles G. B., Taggart, Patrick L., Fancourt, Bronwyn A., Bengsen, Andrew J., Peacock, David E., Hodgens, Patrick, Read, John L., McAllister, Milton M., and Caraguel, Charles G. B.

Abstract

Context: Feral cats (Felis catus) impact the health and welfare of wildlife, livestock and humans worldwide. They are particularly damaging where they have been introduced into island countries such as Australia and New Zealand, where native prey species evolved without feline predators. Kangaroo Island, in South Australia, is Australia’s third largest island and supports several threatened and endemic species. Cat densities on Kangaroo Island are thought to be greater than those on the adjacent South Australian mainland, based on one cat density estimate on the island that is higher than most estimates from the mainland. The prevalence of cat-borne disease in cats and sheep is also higher on Kangaroo Island than the mainland, suggesting higher cat densities. A recent continental-scale spatial model of cat density predicted that cat density on Kangaroo Island should be about double that of the adjacent mainland. However, although cats are believed to have severe impacts on some native species on the island, other species that are generally considered vulnerable to cat predation have relatively secure populations on the island compared with the mainland.Aims: The present study aimed to compare feral cat abundance between Kangaroo Island and the adjacent South Australian mainland using simultaneous standardised methods. Based on previous findings, we predicted that the relative abundance of feral cats on Kangaroo Island would be approximately double that on the South Australian mainland.Methods: Standardised camera trap surveys were used to simultaneously estimate the relative abundance of feral cats on Kangaroo Island and the adjacent South Australian mainland. Survey data were analysed using the Royle–Nichols abundance-induced heterogeneity model to estimate feral cat relative abundance at each site.Key results: Cat abundance on the island was estimated to be over 10 times greater than that on the adjacent mainland.Conclusions: Consistent with predictions, cat abund

Published
2019

44. Serological evidence of exposure to a coronavirus antigenically related to severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS‐CoV‐1) in the Grey‐headed flying fox (Pteropus poliocephalus).

Author

Boardman, Wayne S. J., Baker, Michelle L., Boyd, Victoria, Crameri, Gary, Peck, Grantley R., Reardon, Terry, Smith, Ian G., Caraguel, Charles G. B., and Prowse, Thomas A. A.

Subjects
SARS virus, CORONAVIRUSES, COVID-19, BINDING site assay
Abstract

Many infectious pathogens can be transmitted by highly mobile species, like bats that can act as reservoir hosts for viruses such as henipaviruses, lyssaviruses and coronaviruses. In this study, we investigated the seroepidemiology of protein antigens to Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS‐CoV‐1) and Middle eastern respiratory syndrome virus (MERS‐CoV) in Grey‐headed flying foxes (Pteropus poliocephalus) in Adelaide, Australia sampled between September 2015 and February 2018. A total of 301 serum samples were collected and evaluated using a multiplex Luminex binding assay, and median fluorescence intensity thresholds were determined using finite‐mixture modelling. We found evidence of antibodies reactive to SARS‐CoV‐1 or a related antigen with 42.5% (CI: 34.3%–51.2%) seroprevalence but insufficient evidence of reactivity to MERS‐CoV antigen. This study provides evidence that the Grey‐headed flying foxes sampled in Adelaide have been exposed to a SARS‐like coronavirus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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46. Diagnostic accuracy of phenotypic assays for determining antimicrobial resistance status in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from canine clinical cases

Author

Badger, Skye, primary, Abraham, Sam, additional, O’Dea, Mark, additional, Saputra, Sugiyono, additional, Abraham, Rebecca J., additional, Worthing, Kate A., additional, Norris, Jacqueline M., additional, Trott, Darren J., additional, Jordan, David, additional, and Caraguel, Charles G.B., additional

Published
2019
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50. SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY OF FREE-RANGING SOUTHERN HAIRY-NOSED WOMBATS (LASIORHINUS LATIFRONS).

Author

Woolford, Lucy, Caraguel, Charles G.B., Taggart, David A., Lethbridge, Mark, Strauss, Jessica, Andrews, Lindell, Sycamnias, Mark, and Boardman, Wayne S.J.

Abstract

Listed as near-threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the southern hairy-nosed wombat (SHNW, Lasiorhinus latifrons) faces threats such as drought, habitat degradation and loss, disease, and persecution because of competition with agriculture. To assist with evaluation of wombat health, this study reports serum biochemical reference intervals (RIs) for wild-caught SHNW from South Australia established from 126 apparently healthy SHNW using a Beckman Coulter AU480® Automated Chemistry Analyzer using RefVal Advisor. Partitioning of RIs for male and female wombats and for the two methods of sampling was performed as appropriate, and additional significant differences (P < 0.05) in biochemical profiles were identified across age class and season examined. A number of differences were observed between male and female wombats, most notably higher creatinine, urea, and sodium in females. Subadult and juvenile wombats had significantly lower total protein, globulin, and ALT activity, and significantly higher ALP activity than adults. Wombats sampled in winter and spring had significantly higher total protein, albumin, potassium, bicarbonate, and enzyme activities (ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, GLDH, lipase), and significantly lower glucose and creatinine when compared to individuals sampled in summer and autumn. Differences in CK activity and anion gap observed between the two methods of sampling likely reflect delay and handling of animals between capture and blood collection. The serum biochemical RIs documented here are considered representative of a population of healthy SHNW, providing a tool for health assessment and monitoring of SHNW health in South Australia and elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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