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33. Karyology and molecular biology

Author

Angelici, M. C., Gramiccia, M., Gradoni, L., Angelici, M. C., Ponzi, M., Birago, C., Battaglia, P. A., Cremisi, F., Vignali, E., Rilji, F., Batistoni, E., Androhico, F., Barsacchi-Pilone, G., Capriglione, T., Olmo, E., Cau, A., Deiana, A. M., Salvadori, S., Laudani, U., Gallent, L., Canovai, R., Esposito, A., Stanyon, H., Gianguzza, M., Dolcemascolo, G., Lunadei, M., Marco, A. del, Valentino, F., Rocchi, A., Manicardi, G. C., Garagna, S., Redi, C. A., Bertolani, R., Zuccotti, M., Miceli, C., La Terza, A., Zhang, S., Orias, E., Motta, C. M., Filosa, S., Feola, S., Fiorentino, S., Anoreuccetti, P., Odierna, G., Cobror, O., Olmo, E., Morescalchi, A., Olmo, E., Odierna, G., Cobror, O., Capriglione, T., Pala, M., Vacca, R. A., Casu, S., Ragghianti, M., Bucci, S., Mancino, G., Lacroix, J. C., Rocchi, A., Lanza, V., Castro, M. di, Rubini, M., Goldoni, D., Lunghi, R., Fontana, F., Salvini, M., Barone, E., Giannessi, M., Nobili, R., Stingo, V., Castaldo, G., Improta, R., Stingo, V., Ciampa, C., and Rocco, L.

Published
1986
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34. Phosphorylation of p27BBP/eIF6 and its association with the cytoskeleton are developmentally regulated in Xenopus oogenesis.

Author

Carotenuto, R., De Marco, N., Biffo, S., Wilding, M., Vaccaro, M. C., Marchisio, P. C., Capriglione, T., Russo, G. L., and Campanella, C.

Subjects
PHOSPHORYLATION, XENOPUS, MEIOSIS, PROTEIN kinases, OOGENESIS
Abstract

p27BBP/eIF6 is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of ribosomal function. It is necessary for 60S biogenesis and impedes improper joining of 40S and 60S subunits, regulated by protein kinase C or Efl1p. No data on p27BBP/eIF6 during early development of Metazoa are available. We studied the distribution, post-translational changes and association with the cytoskeleton of p27BBP/ eIF6 during Xenopus oogenesis and early development. Results indicate that p27BBP/eIF6 is present throughout oogenesis, partly associated with 60S subunits, partly free and with little cytoskeleton bound. During prophase I, p27BBP/eIF6 is detected as a single band of 27-kDa. Upon maturation induced by progesterone or protein kinase C, a serine-phosphorylated 29 kDa isoform appears and is kept throughout development to the neurula stage. Confocal microscopy showed that the distribution of p27BBP/eIF6 and its association with the cytoskeleton varies according to oogenesis stages. Briefly, in stage 6 oocytes, p27BBP/eIF6 has a limited dot-like distribution, and does not co-localize with cytokeratin, whereas upon maturation it spreads throughout the cytoplasm. After fertilization, a large fraction coalesces around cytomembranes and a cytochalasin B-sensitive co-localization with cytokeratin occurs. RNAse removes p27BBP/eIF6 from the cytokeratin fibres. Developmental data suggest a role of p27BBP/eIF6 in controlling ribosomal availability or regulating cross-talk between ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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35. Evolutionary and biogeographical implications of the karyological variations in the oviparous and viviparous forms of the lizard Lacerta (Zootoca) vivipara.

Author

Odierna, G., Heulin, B., Guillaume, C-P., Vogrin, N., Aprea, G., Capriglione, T., Surget-Groba, Y., and Kupriyanova, L.

Subjects
KARYOTYPES, VIVIPAROUS lizard
Abstract

The lizard Lacerta (Zootoca) vivipara has two modes of reproduction and is variable karyologically. We describe its karyological variation from literature data and from new data on two viviparous populations from France, on two oviparous populations from the Pyrénées in south-western France and on three oviparous populations recently discovered in Slovenia. Males have 36 chromosomes, whereas females have only 35 chromosomes in all viviparous populations and in the Pyrenean oviparous populations. This karyotype has been interpreted to result from a fusion of an ancestral sexual W chromosome with an autosome from the Z1 or from the Z2 pair. The karyotype formula is 32 autosomes +Z1Z2W for the female and 32 autosomes+Z1Z1Z2Z2 for the male. The karyotype of the Slovenian oviparous populations, 34 autosomes +ZZ in the male and 34 autosomes +ZW in the female, represents an evolutionary stage that preceded the chromosomal fusion. There is minor karyological variation, mainly concerning the W and Z2 chromosomes, within the Pyrenean oviparous populations. This parallels the geographic variation of the W-linked alleles of the MPI enzyme and suggests that allopatric differentiation of these oviparous populations might have occurred in the vicinity of the Pyrénées during the Pleistocene. The viviparous populations from western Europe carry a metacentric W chromosome, whereas oviparous populations from south-western Europe and eastern viviparous populations both show an acrocentric, or a subtelocentric, W chromosome. This suggests that the acrocentric-subtelocentric W is a primitive character and that viviparity probably arose in an eastern lineage of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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43. Karyology and molecular biology

Author

Angelici, M. C., primary, Gramiccia, M., additional, Gradoni, L., additional, Angelici, M. C., additional, Ponzi, M., additional, Birago, C., additional, Battaglia, P. A., additional, Cremisi, F., additional, Vignali, E., additional, Rilji, F., additional, Batistoni, E., additional, Androhico, F., additional, Barsacchi‐Pilone, G., additional, Capriglione, T., additional, Olmo, E., additional, Cau, A., additional, Deiana, A. M., additional, Salvadori, S., additional, Laudani, U., additional, Gallent, L., additional, Canovai, R., additional, Esposito, A., additional, Stanyon, H., additional, Gianguzza, M., additional, Dolcemascolo, G., additional, Lunadei, M., additional, del Marco, A., additional, Valentino, F., additional, Rocchi, A., additional, Manicardi, G. C., additional, Garagna, S., additional, Redi, C. A., additional, Bertolani, R., additional, Zuccotti, M., additional, Miceli, C., additional, La Terza, A., additional, Zhang, S., additional, Orias, E., additional, Motta, C. M., additional, Filosa, S., additional, Feola, S., additional, Fiorentino, S., additional, Anoreuccetti, P., additional, Odierna, G., additional, Cobror, O., additional, Morescalchi, A., additional, Pala, M., additional, Vacca, R. A., additional, Casu, S., additional, Ragghianti, M., additional, Bucci, S., additional, Mancino, G., additional, Lacroix, J. C., additional, Lanza, V., additional, di Castro, M., additional, Rubini, M., additional, Goldoni, D., additional, Lunghi, R., additional, Fontana, F., additional, Salvini, M., additional, Barone, E., additional, Giannessi, M., additional, Nobili, R., additional, Stingo, V., additional, Castaldo, G., additional, Improta, R., additional, Ciampa, C., additional, and Rocco, L., additional

Published
1986
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47. Dynamic Characterization of the Biomechanical Behaviour of Bovine Ovarian Cortical Tissue and Its Short-Term Effect on Ovarian Tissue and Follicles

Author

Riccardo Talevi, Giulia Pascoletti, Gionata Fragomeni, Roberto Gualtieri, Vincenza Barbato, Gerardo Catapano, Maddalena Di Nardo, Elisabetta M. Zanetti, Teresa Capriglione, Pascoletti, G., Di Nardo, M., Fragomeni, G., Barbato, V., Capriglione, T., Gualtieri, R., Talevi, R., Catapano, G., and Zanetti, E. M.

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Ovarian Cortex, 0206 medical engineering, Biomechanic, elastic modulus, Ovary, 02 engineering and technology, Biology, lcsh:Technology, Article, creep, biomechanics, 03 medical and health sciences, Follicle, 0302 clinical medicine, viscous behavior, medicine, General Materials Science, lcsh:Microscopy, Cell damage, ovarian tissue, Fixation (histology), lcsh:QC120-168.85, Hippo signaling pathway, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, lcsh:QH201-278.5, lcsh:T, Biomechanics, tensile test, Histology, Creep, Elastic modulus, Ovarian tissue, Tensile test, Viscous behavior, medicine.disease, 020601 biomedical engineering, medicine.anatomical_structure, lcsh:TA1-2040, lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanics, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Elastic modulu, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), lcsh:TK1-9971
Abstract

The ovary is a dynamic mechanoresponsive organ. In vitro, tissue biomechanics was reported to affect follicle activation mainly through the Hippo pathway. Only recently, ovary responsiveness to mechanical signals was exploited for reproductive purposes. Unfortunately, poor characterization of ovarian cortex biomechanics and of the mechanical challenge hampers reproducible and effective treatments, and prevention of tissue damages. In this study the biomechanical response of ovarian cortical tissue from abattoir bovines was characterized for the first time. Ovarian cortical tissue fragments were subjected to uniaxial dynamic testing at frequencies up to 30 Hz, and at increasing average stresses. Tissue structure prior to and after testing was characterized by histology, with established fixation and staining protocols, to assess follicle quality and stage. Tissue properties largely varied with the donor. Bovine ovarian cortical tissue consistently exhibited a nonlinear viscoelastic behavior, with dominant elastic characteristics, in the low range of other reproductive tissues, and significant creep. Strain rate was independent of the applied stress. Histological analysis prior to and after mechanical tests showed that the short-term dynamic mechanical test used for the study did not cause significant tissue tear, nor follicle expulsion or cell damage.

Published
2020

49. Polypteridae (Actinopterygii: Cladistia) and DANA-SINEs insertions

Author

Teresa Capriglione, Maria Alessandra Morescalchi, Marco Barucca, Vincenzo Stingo, Morescalchi, M. A., Barucca, M, Stingo, Vincenzo, Capriglione, T., Maria Alessandra, Morescalchi, Marco, Barucca, Vincenzo, Stingo, and Capriglione, Teresa

Subjects
Retroelements, Karyotype, Molecular Sequence Data, Zoology, Aquatic Science, Chromosome, Polypterus delhezi, Species Specificity, Genus, Phylogenetics, Genetics, Animals, Cluster Analysis, Cloning, Molecular, Polypteridae, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Phylogeny, DNA Primers, Short Interspersed Nucleotide Elements, Lungfish, Protopterus, Likelihood Functions, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Base Sequence, Models, Genetic, Retroposon, Actinopterygii, Fishes, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, SINE, DNA Transposable Elements, Polypterus, Sequence Alignment
Abstract

SINE sequences are interspersed throughout virtually all eukaryotic genomes and greatly outnumber the other repetitive elements. These sequences are of increasing interest for phylogenetic studies because of their diagnostic power for establishing common ancestry among taxa, once properly characterized. We identified and characterized a peculiar family of composite tRNA-derived short interspersed SINEs, DANA-SINEs, associated with mutational activities in Danio rerio, in a group of species belonging to one of the most basal bony fish families, the Polypteridae, in order to investigate their own inner specific phylogenetic relationships. DANA sequences were identified, sequenced and then localized, by means of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), in six Polypteridae species (Polypterus delhezi, P. ornatipinnis, P. palmas, P. buettikoferi P. senegalus and Erpetoichthys calabaricus) After cloning, the sequences obtained were aligned for phylogenetic analysis, comparing them with three Dipnoan lungfish species (Protopterus annectens, P. aethiopicus, Lepidosiren paradoxa), and Lethenteron reissneri (Petromyzontidae)was used as outgroup. The obtained overlapping MP, ML and NJ tree clustered together the species belonging to the two taxonomically different Osteichthyans groups: the Polypteridae, by one side, and the Protopteridae by the other, with the monotypic genus Erpetoichthys more distantly related to the Polypterus genus comprising three distinct groups: P. palmas and P. buettikoferi, P. delhezi and P. ornatipinnis and P. senegalus. In situ hybridization with DANA probes marked along the whole chromosome arms in the metaphases of all the Polypteridae species examined. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.

Published
2009

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