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The research was conducted during the 2018/19 hunting year at three hunting grounds: "Barajevska reka" - "Takovo" and "Jadar". The average density of Roe deer in hunting grounds varied from 48.67 to 74 individuals per 1,000 ha of hunting-productive area. However, when observing the number of individuals per 1,000 ha of total hunting area, the density varies from 16.07 individuals to 34.72 individuals. The determined gender ratio at the hunting ground "Jadar" was (M: F = 1: 0.93). At the hunting ground "Takovo", the gender ratio was (M: F = 1: 1.22), while at the hunting ground "Barajevska reka" the ratio was (M: F = 1: 1.59). The average fertility of Roe deer was 1.67 embryos per individual, or 1.75 embryos per pregnant female. Depending on the study area, the real growth varied from 0.54 to 0.73 fawns per female. Loss in Roe deer are caused mostly by biotic factors. The determined average age of shot individuals varied depending on the hunting ground from 3.53 to 5.24 years. The current state of Roe deer populations in Serbia varies between analyzed hunting grounds, but the overall situation is quite unsatisfactory, especially in terms of density, gender ratio and age structure of culled individuals. RESUMO A pesquisa foi realizada durante o ano de caça de 2018/19 nos três locais de caça: "Barajevska reka" - "Takovo" e "Jadar". A densidade média de cabrito-montês em áreas de caça variou de 48,67 a 74 indivíduos por 1.000 ha de área produtiva de caça. Entretanto, ao observar o número de indivíduos por 1.000 ha de área total de caça, a densidade varia de 16,07 indivíduos a 34,72 indivíduos. A razão de gênero determinada no terreno de caça "Jadar" foi (M: F = 1: 0,93). No terreno de caça "Takovo", a proporção de gêneros era (M: F = 1: 1,22), enquanto no terreno de caça "Barajevska reka" (M: F = 1: 1,59). A fertilidade média do cervo Roe era de 1,67 embriões por indivíduo, ou 1,75 embriões por fêmea grávida. Dependendo da área de estudo, o crescimento real variou de 0,54 a 0,73 fulvos por fêmea. As perdas em cabrito-montês são causadas principalmente por fatores bióticos. A idade média determinada dos indivíduos abatidos variou de 3,53 a 5,24 anos, dependendo do terreno de caça. O estado atual das populações de cabrito-montês na Sérvia varia entre os locais de caça analisados, mas a situação geral é bastante insatisfatória, especialmente em termos de densidade, proporção de gênero e estrutura etária dos indivíduos abatidos.

Pričujoča raziskava je usmerjena v preučevanje prostorske razširjenosti, strukture in dinamike populacije srnjadi, in sicer na Tolminskem gozdnogospodarskem območju. Populacijo srnjadi v GGO smo proučevali na osnovi odvzema. Baza podatkov obsega 26 853 nizov o odvzeti srnjadi za obdobje 8 let. Za obdobje od leta 2001 do leta 2004 smo podatke o spolu, ocenjeni starosti, telesni masi, masi rogovja in datumu ter kraju uplenitve pridobili izključno iz zapisnikov komisije, za obdobje od leta 2005 do leta 2008 pa iz datoteke lov_ev.dbf. Srnjad smo na podlagi obrabe zobovja razdelili v naslednje starostne kategorije: (1) do enega leta starosti (mladiči) (0,5) (2) enoletni (1,5) (3) dve- in večletni (2,5). Kategorijo dve- in večletnih pa smo razdelili na naslednje starostne razrede: prereproduktivni (3,5), reproduktivni (5,5) in postreproduktivni (8,5) del. Gostoto populacije smo prikazali s fiksno Kernelsko metodo in ugotovili, da srnjad poseljuje skoraj vse območje SZ Slovenije, vendar njene gostote znatno variirajo, saj najraje poseljuje habitate na nižjih nadmorskih višinah. Osebki dosegajo največje telesne mase prav v območju največjih gostot, iz česar lahko sklepamo, da njene gostote niso blizu gornji meji nosilnosti okolja. Večje telesne mase dosegajo moški osebki in to v vseh starostnih kategorijah. Iz upadanja telesnih mas po dveh proučevanih obdobjih pa sklepamo, da je populacija v porastu. This research studies the spatial distribution, structure and population dynamics of roe deer in the forest management area (FMA) of Tolmin. The FMA%s deer population was analyzed using a database containing 26853 records on deer harvested throughout a period of 8 years. Data on sex, estimated age, body weight, antler weight as well as the date and location of harvest for the 2001-2004 period were obtained exclusively from the committee's notes, while the lov_ev.dbf file was used for the 2005-2008 period. According to tooth replacement and wear, deer were divided into the following age categories: (1) up to one year of age (fawns) (0.5) (2) yearlings (1.5) (3) two-and-a-halfyear- old animals and adults (2.5). The latter category was further divided into the following age classes: pre-reproductive (3.5), reproductive (5.5) and post-reproductive (8.5). Population density was calculated using a fixed kernel method. We determined that deer inhabit almost the entire geographic area of northwestern Slovenia however, densities vary considerably, since they tend to occupy lower-lying habitats. Individuals with the largest body weight were found in the area with the highest densities, leading to the conclusion that its densities are below the upper limit of the environment's carrying capacity. In each age category, male individuals have heavier body weight. A decrease in body weight over the two periods under examination indicates that the population is growing.

The aim of this study was to determine the change in the value of morpho-metric parameters of antlers and the total trophy score in relation to the age of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.). The study was conducted on 228 roe deer trophies from the "Barajevska reka" hunting ground in Serbia, aged one to seven years. From the second to the fourth year, the growth of antlers was the most intense, and the differences compared to one year old animals were significant (P lt 0.001). The highest average length of the branches was monitored in six years old animals (22.4 ± 2.05 cm), with significant differences (P lt 0.001) compared to younger animals, except for the three years old animals (P>0.05). From the second to the fifth year, a gradual increase in antler weight (from 192.2 ± 30.41 g to 221.9 ± 61.86 g) and antler volume (from 74 cm3 to 90 cm3 ) was observed, with the highest values of antler weight (291.8 ± 58.43 g and 319.1 ± 98.89 g, respectively) and antler volume (123.8 cm3 and 121.2 cm3) in six and seven year old animals. Overall trophy scores increased from year one to year seven (42.6 ± 7.86 vs 97.4 ± 27.40), with differences in trophy scores for animals aged six and seven years significantly greater than for animals aged one to five years (P lt 0.001). The highest quality antlers have six and seven year olds, at which time their hunting should be conducted. Cilj rada je bio da se utvrdi promena vrednosti mernih elemenata ocene parogova i ukupne ocene trofeja u odnosu na uzrast srndaća (Capreolus capreolus L.). Istraživanje je obavljeno na 228 trofeja srndaća iz lovišta "Barajevska reka" u Srbiji, uzrasta od jedne do sedam godina. Od druge do četvrte godine rast rogovlja je bio najintenzivniji, a utvrđene razlike su bile signifikantne (P lt 0,001) u odnosu na jednogodišnje jedinke. Najveća prosečna dužina grana parogova je zabeležena u periodu oko šeste godine (22,4±2,05 cm), pri čemu su utvrđene razlike bile signifikantne (P lt 0,001) u odnosu na mlađe jedinke, osim u odnosu na jedinke u starosti od tri godine (P>0,05). Od druge do pete godine uočen je postepeni porast mase rogovlja (od 192,2±30,41 g do 221,9±61,86 g) i zapremine rogovlja (od 74 cm3 do 90 cm3 ), dok su vrednosti mase rogovlja (291,8±58,43 g i 319,1±98,89 g) i zapremine rogovlja (123,8 cm3 i 121,2 cm3 ) kulminirale kod jedinki u starosti šest i sedam godina. Ukupne ocene trofeja su rasle od prve do sedme godine (42,6±7,86 prema 97,4±27,40), pri čemu su razlike u ocenama trofeja kod jedinki uzrasta šest i sedam godina bile signifikantno više u odnosu na jedinke starosti od jedne do pet godina (P lt 0,001). Najkvalitetnije rogovlje imaju jedinke uzrasta šest i sedam godina, kada bi trebalo i vršiti odstrel.

Srna (Capreolus capreolus L.) je krupna divljač iz porodice jelena, koja je rasprostranjena na većini područja Europe i jednom dijelu Azije. U Republici Hrvatskoj je najrasprostranjenija krupna divljač. Živi u nizinskom, gorskom i visoko gorskom pojasu, možemo ju naći u dolinama kraj potoka, pored mladih šuma i općenito u šumama s bogatim niskim raslinjem. Od osjetila srna ima dobro razvijen okus, sluh i njuh, ali vid je slabo razvijen. Srna ima vitko, lagano i vrlo pokretno tijelo. Dužina tijela iznosi 130-140 cm, a visina oko 75 cm. Masa mužjaka kreće se od 20 do 30 kg, a kod ženki 17 do 25 kg. Srne se pare u drugoj polovici srpnja i prvoj polovici kolovoza. Srna ne dozvoljava srnjaku parenje prvih nekoliko dana već naoko bježi od njega u velikim krugovima. Srna donosi na svijet pretežno jedno, a kasnije dva laneta. Prema odredbama Zakona o lovstvu, srna obična u Republici Hrvatskoj ima status krupne divljači, zaštićene lovostajom., Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) is a big game from a family of deer, which is widespread in most areas of Europe and part of Asia. In Croatia it is the most common big game. It lives in the lowland, mountainous and high mountainous area, we can find it in the valleys by the stream, in addition to young forests and generally in forests with rich low vegetation. Roe deer avoids life in larger social formations. From the senses red deer has a well-developed taste, hearing and smell, but the vision is poorly developed. Doe has a slender, light and very moving body. The body length is 130-140 cm and height of about 75 cm. The weight of buck is from 20 to 30 kg, while in doe is 17 to 25 kg. Roe deer mating in the second half of July and early August. A doe does not allow to buck mating in the first few days but apparently run away from it in large circles. After pregnancy, doe delivers the one and later two fawns. Under the provisions of the Hunting Act, roe deer in Croatia has the status of large animals, protected by closed season.

Srna (Capreolus capreolus L.) je krupna divljač iz porodice jelena, koja je rasprostranjena na većini područja Europe i jednom dijelu Azije. U Republici Hrvatskoj je najrasprostranjenija krupna divljač. Živi u nizinskom, gorskom i visoko gorskom pojasu, možemo ju naći u dolinama kraj potoka, pored mladih šuma i općenito u šumama s bogatim niskim raslinjem. Od osjetila srna ima dobro razvijen okus, sluh i njuh, ali vid je slabo razvijen. Srna ima vitko, lagano i vrlo pokretno tijelo. Dužina tijela iznosi 130-140 cm, a visina oko 75 cm. Masa mužjaka kreće se od 20 do 30 kg, a kod ženki 17 do 25 kg. Srne se pare u drugoj polovici srpnja i prvoj polovici kolovoza. Srna ne dozvoljava srnjaku parenje prvih nekoliko dana već naoko bježi od njega u velikim krugovima. Srna donosi na svijet pretežno jedno, a kasnije dva laneta. Prema odredbama Zakona o lovstvu, srna obična u Republici Hrvatskoj ima status krupne divljači, zaštićene lovostajom.

Analysis of the rumen content was carried out on a total of 43 samples taken from deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) shot on the hunting grounds of 'Barajevska Reka' (Serbia). All animals were males and were hunted in the early morning. The experiment was set as a randomized trial with four treatments (spring, summer, autumn and winter) and an uneven distribution of animals per treatment. Organoleptic examination of the stomach content revealed that cereals were the most abundant feed ingested (present in 25% of summer samples and 62.5% autumn samples). Results of chemical analysis confirmed a significant seasonal influence on total nitrogen and protein content, fats, cellulose, ash, phosphorus, pH and ammonia nitrogen within the content of the rumen. Contrary to this, calcium within the dry matter and total mineral content varied regardless of the season. A significantly high protein (360.84 g/kg DM) and low cellulose content (170.30 g/kg) was present during the spring season. A high negative correlation (r=-0.7398) between protein and cellulose content was present throughout the year. The quantity of extracted non nitrogenous substances was lowest during the winter period (152.10 g/kg). The highest pH value (6.33) was recorded during the winter season and in during the rest of the year it showed limited oscillations (5.52 - 5.62). The quantity of ammonia nitrogen was 1% of total nitrogen throughout the year. Considering the results of this study, and compared to the published literature data, it can be concluded that the high feeding selectivity of deer and the good quality of offered feedstuffs on the hunting grounds in Serbia are responsible for the high protein content in the rumen throughout all seasons. Ispitivanje hemijskog sastava buražnog sadržaja srne (Capreolus capreolus L.) obavljeno je u lovištu 'Barajevska Reka' (Srbija) na uzorcima koji su uzeti od 43 odstreljena grla u periodu od maja 2006. do januara 2007. godine. Sva odstreljena grla su bila muškog pola a odstrel je vršen u jutarnjim satima. Eksperiment je postavljen po modelu slučajnog plana, sa četiri tretmana (godišnja doba: proleće, leto, jesen i zima) i nejednakom distribucijom životinja po tretmanima. Organoleptički pregled uzoraka buražnog sadržaja ukazuje na značajnu ulogu cerealija u ishrani srna (prisutne u 25% uzoraka iz letnjeg i 62,5% iz jesenjeg perioda), kao i hrastovog žira (prisutan u 12,5% uzoraka iz jesenjeg perioda). Rezultati hemijske analize potvrđuju signifikantan uticaj godišnjeg doba na količinu ukupnog azota i sirovih proteina, masti, sirove celuloze, pepela, fosfora, pH vrednosti i amonijačnog azota u buražnom sadržaju. Nasuprot tome, sadržaj kalcijuma u suvoj materiji i ukupnim mineralnim materijama buražnog sadržaja je slobodno varirao. Signifikantno najveći sadržaj proteina (360,84 g/kg SM) i najmanji sadržaj celuloze (170,30 g/kg SM) imali su uzorci iz prolećnog perioda. Utvrđena je visoka negativna korelacija između sadržaja proteina i celuloze u toku godine (r = - 0,7398). Količina bezazotnih ekstraktivnih materija je bila najmanja u uzorcima iz zimskog perioda ishrane (152,10 g/kg SM). Za isto godišnje doba detektovana je najveća pH vrednost u uzorcima (6,33), dok je u ostalom periodu godine pH bila značajno niža i relativno ujednačena (5,52-5,62). Količina amonijačnog azota je iznosila oko 1% od ukupnog azota tokom cele godine. S obzirom na rezultate iz ovog eksperimenta kao i na brojne literaturne podatke, može se zaključiti da je visoka selektivnost srne pri ishrani, kao i kvalitetnija krmna baza u lovištima Srbije, objašnjenje za visok nivo proteina u buražnom sadržaju srne tokom cele godine.

To analyze influence of variability of estimated elements on the total trophy value of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L), data on the trophies of 801 roebucks from two regions in Serbia (Backa and Banat) were used. The length of the antlers, weight and volume accounted for 12,15%, 35,17% and 44,66% respectively, in the total estimate of trophy value. Taking into account all three elements, their participation in the total estimate of trophy value comes to 87,98%. Uticaj dužine, mase i zapremine paragova na ukupnu trofejnu vrednost ispitanje na trofejima srndaća koji potiču iz regiona Bačke i Banata, utvrđeno je da u ukupnoj oce-ni trofeja dužina parogova učestvuje sa 12,15%, masa rogovlja 35,17%, dok zapremina parogova učestvuje sa 40,66%. Učešće sva tri elementa u ukupnoj oceni trofeja je 87,98%.