Search

Blood and fecal samples of chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar), albino pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera), rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri) and turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) were analyzed to check parasitic prevalence. To record parasites these five avian species were placed kept in separate cages at Avian Conservation and Research Center, Department of Wildlife an Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. 100 fecal and 100 blood samples for each bird species were inspected to analyze internal parasites. During present study, 17 species of endoparasites 14 from fecal samples and three from blood were examined. Two species of ectoparasites i.e. mite Dermanyssus gallinae 42% and fowl ticks Args persicus 41%were studied. Blood parasites included Plasmodium juxtanucleare 50%, Leucoctoyzoon simond having parasitic prevalence 40%, and Aegyptinella pullorum having parasitic prevalence of 40%. Parasitic species recorded from fecal samples included 6 species of nematodes viz. Allodpa suctoria 2%. Syngamus trachea with parasitic prevalence of 60%, Capillaria annulata 37.5%, Ascardia galli 24%, Capillaria anatis 40% and Heterakis gallinarum 28.3%. Similarly, two species of trematodes viz. Prosthogonimus ovatus having parasitic prevalence of 50% and Prosthogonimus macrorchis 21% were also documented from fecal avian samples . Single cestode species Raillietina echinobothrida having parasitic prevalence of 72% and 3 protozoan species i.e. Eimeria maxima having parasitic prevalence of 21%, Giardia lamblia 41% and Histomonas meleagridis 18% were documented during corpological analysis. In our recommendation, proper sanitation, medication and vaccination of bird’s enclousres are suggested to avoid parasites. RESUMO Amostras de sangue e fezes de perdiz chukar (Alectoris chukar), faisão-albino (Phasianus colchicus), faisão-prateado (Lophura nycthemera), periquito-de-rosa (Psittacula krameri) e perus (Meleagris gallopavo) foram analisadas para verificar a prevalência de parasitas. Para registrar os parasitas, essas cinco espécies de aves foram colocadas em gaiolas separadas no Centro de Conservação e Pesquisa de Aves, Departamento de Vida Selvagem e Ecologia, Universidade de Veterinária e Ciências Animais, Lahore, Paquistão. Cem amostras fecais e 100 amostras de sangue para cada espécie de ave foram inspecionadas para analisar os parasitas internos. Durante o presente estudo, foram examinadas 17 espécies de endoparasitas, 14 de amostras fecais e 3 de sangue. Foram estudadas duas espécies de ectoparasitas, ou seja, o ácaro Dermanyssus gallinae 42% e o carrapato aviário Args persicus 41%. Os parasitas sanguíneos incluíram Plasmodium juxtanucleare 50%, Leucoctoyzoon simond com prevalência parasitária de 40% e Aegyptinella pullorum com prevalência parasitária de 40%. As espécies parasitas registradas em amostras fecais incluíram 6 espécies de nematoides viz. Allodpa suctoria 2%, Syngamus traqueia com prevalência parasitária de 60%, Capillaria annulata 37,5%, Ascardia galli 24%, Capillaria anatis 40% e Heterakis gallinarum 28,3%. Da mesma forma, duas espécies de trematódeos viz. Prosthogonimus ovatus com prevalência parasitária de 50% e Prosthogonimus macrorchis 21% também foram documentados em amostras fecais de aves. Espécies de cestoide único Raillietina echinobothrida com prevalência parasitária de 72% e 3 espécies de protozoários, isto é, Eimeria maxima com prevalência parasitária de 21%, Giardia lamblia 41% e Histomonas meleagridis 18% foram documentadas durante a análise corpológica. Em nossa recomendação, o saneamento adequado, medicação e vacinação de invólucros de pássaros são sugeridos para evitar parasitas.

Parasitoses caused by helminths of the family Capillaridae (Neuve-Lemaire 1936) take an important place within the parasitic fauna of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus L). The investigations were carried out on a pheasant farm in Romania during the period 1999-2001. The necroscopic examination revealed the presence of Capillaria sp. in 38.09% (48/84) of the adult pheasants and 43.85% (79/114) of the young pheasants. During our examination we identified 7 species of the family Capillaridae: Capillaria annulata C.bursata, C.columbae, C.contorta, C.gallinae, C.phasianina and Thominx cyanopicae. This was the first recorded occurrence of Thominx cyanopicae (Lopez-Neyra,1947) infection in pheasants.

OBJECTIVE This study was performed at the Gelemen Pheasant Procreation Farm affiliated to the General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks, Ministry of Forest and Water Affairs. METHODS A total of 203 faecal samples and 17 necropsies were examined. RESULTS In the faecal examination, Capillaria spp. accounted for 28.6% and Heterakis spp. for 17.2% of eggs; in necropsy, Capillaria annulata (17.6%), C. bursata (35.3%), C. caudinflata (23.5%), C. contorta (64.7%), C. obsignata (5.9%) and Heterakis gallinarum (58.8%) were detected. DISCUSSION Syngamus trachea, often reported in helminths in pheasant, could be found neither upon faecal examination nor on necropsy. CONCLUSION This study is the first extensive research to identify helminths of pheasants in Turkey. Capillaria bursata, C. caudinflata, C. contorta, C. obsignata and H. gallinarum are the first reports from pheasants in Turkey.

IN SPITE of the great richness of the nematode fauna of Indian birds and the extremely varied nature of host-parasite relationship exhibited by a large number of species, information about infections in wild birds particularly in respect of the latter aspect remains comparatively meagre. Pathogenic effects exerted by some of the important forms known to parasitize domestic poultry have, however, been studied, but mostly from abroad. Coppini (1938) dealt with Acuaria hamulosa infection in chickens and described the lesions in the gizzard. Subsequently Emmel (1939) studied Capillaria contorta infection which causes heavy mortality in turkeys and described the microscopic lesions. The same year, Wehr observed the development of Capillaria columbae in pigeons in which it brings about a great destruction of mucosa resulting in sloughing of the mucous membrane. Pallaske (1944), from Poland, dealt with the pathogenicity of Capillaria annulata in fowls and turkeys and that of Tetrameres fissipina and …

CAPILLARIA ANNULATA AND HETERAKIS GALLINARUM INFECTIONS IN GUINEA FOWL IN PUERTO RICO-A CASE REPORT

Capillariasis caused by Capillaria annulata was associated with dilated crops, emaciation and mortality of 23 juvenile wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) in a captive flock. Gross lesions in the crops ranged from slithtly-thickened lining folds to a thick necrotic diphtheritic membrane covering the entire inside surface. The parasites were in the squamous epithelium. Hygromycin controlled the outbreak.