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Designing in an ecologically responsible manner requires a fundamentally different perspective on our relationships and our position in the natural environment; it is necessary to start from the limits of current sciences and the social, political and economical context that implicitly acknowledge human activities as dominant over an essentially independent nature. The awareness of the complexity of projects and the intricacy of the construction systems available nowadays, in combination with the functional and formal relationships established between spaces and components, dealing with the updating and innovation of techniques, with the needs of comfort, usability and security, is fully expressed through the issues of environmental sustainability. Architecture can make this truth obvious and it can allow us to express it at a deeper level (Van der Ryn, 2005). Through the analysis of the architectural elements, construction techniques and landscape integration, while underlining the importance of green in accordance with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for Agenda 2030 (United Nations, 2015), the paper brings out new perspectives and strategies useful to support new lifestyles that aim at improving the quality of the environment and reducing the impact on resource consumption, focusing not only on green intended as vegetation, but also on a more complex significance of sustainability, since ecological design requires attention and understanding of the environment as a functioning natural system. It is compulsory to apprehend the relation between natural and artificial, between people and technologies, in order to evolve and reveal the possibilities that the present world offers with respect to the environment. New tools of ecological design need to be defined in order to configure self-adaptive organisms that can be applied at various scales, from the urban one until that of architectural components.

La ricerca dottorale in design ha avuto un forte impulso negli ultimi anni, stando alle peculiarità della disciplina di porsi come catalizzatore dello sviluppo di processi di innovazione eterogenei in sintonia con la complessità degli ambiti della ricerca e della formazione. Per esplorare e individuare gli strumenti e i metodi per “fare ricerca [dottorale] in design” la sessione tematica, dedicata agli “approcci”, ha rappresentato un momento di discussione e confronto sulle differenti orientazioni metodologiche. Così da avviare stimolanti riflessioni per “ridelineare” gli ambiti della disciplina con lo scopo di esplorarne i confini, tracciare le linee evolutive e documentare esperienze accademiche e di ricerca. Il contributo restituisce, attraverso l’unione e la “mescolanza” di diverse “voci interpretative”, una lettura complessiva di approcci, ambiti e percorsi di ricerca, come occasione di contaminazione di linguaggi, di concetti, di terminologie utili a ri-definire un nuovo territorio “semantico”, dal carattere “pluriverso” da cogliere e da attraversare.

From the current reconnaissance of the conditions of fruition and accessibility, it is evident that until nowadays also the objects of use are designed and made irresponsibly. The major problem is that scientific and technological progress has a power of attraction and those who design forget a major aspect: move towards other people. The European Community with the 2000-2020 program-strategic lines has also confirmed the adoption of regulatory measures to ensure the integration of the principle of accessibility and the «design for all» in the education and training programs for the interested professions to promote the development of the EU assistive technology market. The contribution illustrates the experimentation work in progress, regarding to the configuration of a new multisensory system, designed to restore the formal and figurative perception of images, through aptic sensations that can enhance the educational experience of children with visual-sensory special needs. In order to optimize, innovate and strengthen the design process, the research activities concerned the deepening of knowledge and the identification of design principles and methods of social inclusion - tangible and intangible - in a connection route and integration between different disciplinary languages. In this path through the discipline of the Industrial Design and from the methodological experience and the design experiments, it has been possible to implement an action of communication, interaction and connection between the different disciplinary areas through a dynamic and inclusive vision.

[EN] This contribution introduces an innovative model of assessment and validity of the formaldimensional-functional structure for passenger seats in economy class in the Aerospace industry. In fact in this field, the design, ergonomics and engineering determine unpublished cooperation scenarios where roles are inverted, merge and recur repeatedly, in order to establish progress in the different planning and subject areas, having a synergistic and proactive perspective. The research activities have been developed within the framework of the research project “IMM_Interiors with Multifunctional Materials_DAC_Distretto Aerospaziale Campania” (Campania Aerospace District), in which experts from different branches of knowledge such as designers, innovative materials engineers, mechanical engineers, biologists and technical physicists from the Second University of Naples were involved. The use of new methodological dimensions resulted in the identification of common activity protocols, which were used as foundations in the planning stage, interdisciplinary and shared. The aim was to obtain a passenger seat configuration suitable to meet the demands and needs of the greatest number of individuals, according to their specifications and through the integration of innovative technologies and materials. The impact of different cultural factors, the mixture of roles and subjects, the layering of competences and heterogeneous and contradictory operational references have contributed towards a shared narrative where knowledge and experience have established the key principles in the course of evaluation and validity (methodological-designing inclusive). This route has allowed the acquisition of interdisciplinary skills and expertise qualified to obtain tangible results from the identification of methodological and design issues useful to optimize, innovate and strengthen the design process. The goal was to make the acquisition of user needs systematic, through investigation and evaluation methods aimed at translating them into a structured format noted on the design process according to the principles of good design. In particular studies and research of prior art patents and thorough investigation literature regarding the state of the art of existing seat configurations and structures were carried out. Feasibility, comfort and reliability of the existing solutions in order to analyse and evaluate each component of ergonomics, human factors (physical ergonomics), user centred design and new human factors (pleasantness of use), where characteristics and specific meanings of quality, understood as a user-seat interaction quality are preferred.

The essay proposes the definition of “inclusive pathways” starting with the principles that encourage the creation, management and implementation of design processes that can promote the product and create the necessary convergence of various disciplines such as ergonomics, multisensory aspects, the social and economic sciences, and other fields. In a world where everything has become rapid and complex, it is important to construct a real condition of well-being in which each one can feel included and essential, like a true active part of the community through the creation and development of products that can be accessed, enjoyed and used by the greatest possible number of people. Using an “inclusive” method as a starting point it has been possible to identify new inclusive design pathways that are centred on the human being as a physical, psychological, social and emotional entity in relation to environmental, instrumental and organisational conditions, working through the synergy of various types of signals and languages of identification that are also supported by sensations. These “inclusive pathways” have led to the design experimentation of an inclusive control system_rotational contact peripheral [repositionable] developed by a multidisciplinary research team at IDEAS. The system was designed to meet the needs of as many individuals as possible in their specificity, starting with the conscious use of an analysis of human needs and aspirations.

Technological research proposes stimulating challenges starting from the new scenarios arising since XX century, the environmental imperative imposes new responsibilities, the industrial production, requires the rethinking of the concept of "material culture" as well as new information technologies lead to new models of theoretical and conceptual elaboration. We live a new condition, defined by Augé «surmodernitè», where history fades into actuality, space turns into images and individuals from being actors become spectators. The industrial design moves from tackling "traditional culture" of the project to the "culture of innovation" for which the "know-how", which allows the transition from theory to practice, is replaced by the "can-do" that is the design of a technological solution allowing to model artifacts in a new way and, as a consequence, introducing a different interaction between users and the context. The contribution illustrates the design experimentation of the industrial invention “inclusive control system device [repositionable]”.

A 92-year old woman was admitted to our internal medicine ward for dyspnea and asthenia. Oxygen saturation (SpO2) was 82%, blood pressure was 100/60 mm Hg, heart rate was 78 bpm and body temperature was 36.1 °C. Lung examination showed diffuse rales while heart auscultation bared amild systolic murmur at the apex. Pastmedical history revealed only permanent atrial fibrillation treated with digoxin 0.125 mg q.d. and warfarin with a target I.N.R. range of 2.0–3.0. She never smoked and used EtOH or drugs. She was a housewife. The dyspnea-onset was dated the month before and characterized by slow