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Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La presente investigación pretende determinar el nivel de capacidad de adaptación y grado de estrés académico, así como los estresores mayormente presentes en los alumnos de posgrado de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional del Estado de Chihuahua, de igual manera busca conocer la relación que existe entre ambas variables. Se utilizó el cuestionario para la recopilación de información, el instrumento de adaptación obtuvo un alfa de 0.915 y el de estrés académico 0.829. Los resultados indicaron que los alumnos de posgrado poseen un alto nivel de capacidad de adaptación y un nivel severo de estrés académico, el estresor mayormente presente fue la sobrecarga de tareas, los síntomas principales fueron cansancio permanente, ansiedad y problemas de concentración, se contó con los elementos necesarios para determinar que existe una asociación con una fuerza de concordancia pobre entre ambas variables, proporcional inversa, es decir que, a mayor capacidad de adaptación, menor estrés académico, con valor predictivo del 1.6% de la población y un valor de significancia de 0.04. Dentro de las implicaciones más importantes se encuentran que los alumnos logran adaptarse, aceptan los cambios y muestran resiliencia ante ellos, sin embargo, no pueden dominar el estrés académico y sus efectos, pues este ha llegado ya al nivel severo, que indica la existencia de consecuencias negativas para su vida, por lo que se observa la necesidad de generar planes de acción que brinden conocimiento de la situación mencionada, y además ayuden a sobrellevarla.

Objective: To explore the relationship between dynamic capabilities and innovation performance in technology-based startups. Methodology: We measured the constructs of Absorptive Capacity, Adaptive Capacity, Innovative Capacity, and Innovation Performance. We collected data from 15 startups and used the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) methodology for data analysis. Results: The results showed that dynamic capabilities play a relevant role in the innovation performance of technology-based startups. Different combinations of these capabilities were associated with positive innovation performance. Theoretical implications: The results of this research contribute to the advancement of theoretical knowledge in the field of study, providing a deeper understanding of the causal relationships and regularities present in the phenomenon investigated. Social implications: Analyzing dynamic capabilities and their impact on innovation performance is expected to provide insights into developing effective innovation strategies and the sustainable growth of technology-based startups. Originality: Although studies have explored organizational dynamic capabilities in different contexts, there are still theoretical-empirical gaps in understanding the relationship between dynamic capabilities and innovation performance in technology-based startups. Therefore, this study contributes to the literature by providing a more individualized view of the configurations of dynamic capabilities in technology-based startups and their relationship with innovation performance. We adopted the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), which combines qualitative and quantitative approaches to examine the analytical coherence of a set of cases regarding the relevant causal conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alcance is the property of Universidade do Vale do Itajai and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La reducción del riesgo de sequía y sus impactos directos e indirectos ha cobrado relevancia mundial durante las últimas décadas. En este trabajo se presenta una revisión de las herramientas conceptuales y metodológicas básicas para analizar el riesgo por sequía en un sistema determinado. Se describen los componentes fundamentales del riesgo, concebido principalmente como una función de la amenaza (o peligro específico, que en este caso es el fenómeno de la sequía); la exposición (personas, propiedades, medios de vida y sistemas que están sujetos a daños y pérdidas potenciales debido al peligro), y la vulnerabilidad (representada por las condiciones socioeconómicas y ambientales del sistema que lo hacen susceptible de sufrir daños). Se explican los conceptos y definiciones asociados con estos componentes, y se presentan los métodos y modelos matemáticos más usuales para calcularlos. Se concluye que, dada la gran diversidad de enfoques, conceptos y métodos para determinar el riesgo por sequía, queda a criterio del investigador o evaluador la selección del más apropiado en función del enfoque adoptado, la información disponible, y el contexto u objetivo de la investigación.

Informing prioritization For SANParks, it may be important to prioritize adaptation efforts considering not only the relative vulnerability of PAs to climate change but also their relative contribution to biodiversity conservation and revenue generation within the PA network. Keywords: adaptive capacity; biodiversity; infrastructure; potential impacts; tourism; biodiversidad; capacidad de adaptación; impactos potenciales; infraestructura; turismo; ; ; ; EN adaptive capacity biodiversity infrastructure potential impacts tourism biodiversidad capacidad de adaptación impactos potenciales infraestructura turismo 1 14 14 10/04/22 20221001 NES 221001 INTRODUCTION The nature and extent to which climate change will challenge the effectiveness of protected areas (PAs) is one of the most important conservation questions today (Beale et al., 2013; Hannah et al., 2005). From vulnerability assessment to conservation action Tingley et al. (2013) argue that assigning too much weight to climate change in conservation priorities should be avoided due to uncertainties in climate change projections and how ecological systems may respond. [Extracted from the article]

The aim of this article is to objectify several variables involved in the growth of the social resilience. To do this, it has been made a conceptual approximation of the term that includes the capacity of a community for, overcoming difficulties, adapting, and transforming itself. After analysing the most relevant studies and explaining the difficulties for modelling, we have grouped the relationships that potentially improve the social resilience. We conclude that, through a process of social intelligence, it is possible to guide the development of our economies into spaces of innovation and transformability that will improve the social resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communication processes might be completely free of any kind of bias, including non-verbal communication, in efforts to eliminate inequalities. The laws on equality between men and women are bringing about the desired situation. Right now, other groups, such as LGBTIQ+, are also asking for their equal rights. The laws recognise these rights for all as equal individuals in law. Sometimes, sexism and hate of any kind is avoided when speaking verbally. But non-verbal communication shows the other side of the coin. Discrimination still happens, and is shown through gestures, tone of voice, postures... this is what informs non-verbal communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigación Administrativa is the property of ESCA Santo Tomas - IPN and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El siglo XXI se ha caracterizado por la tendencia a observar la realidad desde un enfoque integral y humanista, como parte de la propia evolución del hombre en su relación con el entorno, incluyendo en esa observación el ámbito organizacional. Considerando este escenario, se desarrolló una investigación que permitiera revelar el significado de la universidad autónoma venezolana como organización social desde la perspectiva de su gerencia (autoridades rectorales), la cual fue enmarcada en el paradigma interpretativo, siguiendo los pasos del enfoque cualitativo, el método hermenéutico y el análisis de contenido como técnica de trabajo. Para obtener la información requerida se consideraron referentes teóricos vinculantes y se ubicaron documentos institucionales de acceso público relacionados directamente con siete representantes de las universidades autónomas nacionales, quienes conformaron las unidades de análisis, emergiendo las categorías autonomía, compromiso, comunidad, deber, poder de la unidad, universidad y valores, basando la fiabilidad del estudio en una triangulación de datos y de teoría. Los hallazgos permitieron concluir que la universidad autónoma venezolana, a pesar de su complicada situación actual, puede definirse como una organización social trascendente, democrática y autónoma, siendo considerada gerencialmente como la cuna histórica del pensamiento libre y plural, con capacidad para adaptarse a los cambios.

El objetivo de la investigación es determinar si la capacidad de adaptación es factor de competitividad en microempresas comerciales. El método utilizado consistió en la aplicación de una encuesta sobre una muestra de 350 empresas mexicanas. Los resultados indican que la capacidad de adaptación es factor de competitividad en un rango regular. Se concluye que las empresas estudiadas deben incrementar el uso de nuevas tecnologías y la planificación de la empresa para mejorar su competitividad.

The aim of this article is to objectify several variables involved in the growth of the social resilience. To do this, it has been made a conceptual approximation of the term that includes the capacity of a community for, overcoming difficulties, adapting, and transforming itself. After analysing the most relevant studies and explaining the difficulties for modelling, we have grouped the relationships that potentially improve the social resilience. We conclude that, through a process of social intelligence, it is possible to guide the development of our economies into spaces of innovation and transformability that will improve the social resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the level of the adaptive capacity and degree of academic stress, as well as the stressors that are mostly present in graduate students of the National Pedagogical University of the State of Chihuahua, it aims to identify the relationship between both variables. The questionnaire was used for the collection of information, the adaptation instrument obtained an alpha of 0.915 and the academic stress instrument an alpha of 0.829. The results indicate that graduate students have a high level of adaptive capacity and a severe level of academic stress, the most present stressor was task overload, while the main symptoms were permanent tiredness, anxiety and concentration problems. Necessary elements were available to determine that there is an association with a poor concordance strength between both variables, inverse proportional, that is: the higher the adaptive capacity, the lower the academic stress, with a predictive value of 1.6% of the population and a significance value of 0.04. Among the most important implications are that students are able to adapt, accept changes and show resilience towards them, however, they cannot master academic stress and its effects, which indicates the existence of negative consequences for their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water issues in Mexico City have been severe during the last years due to population increase, forcing external water sources to meet water demands. This research aims to evaluate the evolution of water vulnerability in the sixteen municipalities of Mexico City in the years 2005, 2010, and 2015. This vulnerability has increased in the last decades due to the combination of several problems such as lack of maintenance in the water infrastructure (eg. water leaks), aquifer overexploitation, uncontrolled city growth, rainwater and wastewater expelled from the basin without the intention of using it. For the vulnerability assessment we used a combination of indicators that respond to its three dimensions: 1). Exposure (urbanization, population, and economic units), 2). Sensitivity (reports of leaks, shortages, and poor water quality) and 3). Adaptive capacity (wastewater treatment, water availability, and GDP). The municipalities identified with very high vulnerability in the three years of study (2005, 2010, and 2015) were Iztapalapa, Gustavo A. Madero, and Tlalpan joined these during 2015. In contrast, those with the lowest vulnerability were Milpa Alta, Magdalena Contreras, and Cuajimalpa; the latter stepped down from having Low to Very Low vulnerability between 2005 and 2010-2015. Between these two classifications, we have the Municipalities that reveal high, moderate, and low vulnerability. The results highlight that all municipalities must prevent water leaks to achieve increasingly sustainable management of the liquid, especially Gustavo A. Madero, Iztapalapa, and Tlalpan. Suggesting that harmonized action among all of them will help accelerate goal achievement. Still, citizen action will play a leading role in maintaining care and water usage levels when promoted and encouraged adequately. At the end of the lecture, the reader would be able to discuss if a series of social elements (like the indicators proposed in this work) construct water vulnerability or depend on the quantity of water the cities receive. Also, they will understand their role in water management and have factors to evaluate vulnerability in other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: diagnosticar las dimensiones de la capacidad de adaptación en empresas del sector calzado, ubicadas en el Municipio Cúcuta, Departamento Norte de Santander, Colombia. Método: Estudio de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, no experimental. Se empleó un muestreo no probabilístico intencional. La población fue (58) empresas afiliadas a ACICAM (Norte de Santander), lográndose aplicar una encuesta semi-estructurada a (16) propietarios o empleados (uno por cada empresa) que representó 27,6% de la población. Fueron consideradas (11) dimensiones de la capacidad de adaptación encontradas en la literatura. Resultados: Los hallazgos reflejan la preferencia de las empresas por enfocarse en la rentabilidad, (meta empresarial de corto plazo) y descuidan la generación de valor que sí pudiera permitirles perseverar en el mercado a mediano y largo plazo. Discusiones: Esto es resultado de un modo conservador en la gerencia y la resistencia a los cambios de estas empresas, evidenciándose estilos gerenciales autoritarios que ignoran la opinión de sus colaboradores, quienes podrían hacer aportes valiosos para mejorar los tiempos de producción y diseños. Conclusiones: Es indispensable que consideren la calidad de los productos y la innovación en los diseños del producto; pues esto es lo que valora la demanda, pero también lo que investiga la competencia.

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Mercados y Negocios is the property of Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Economico Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ZARCH: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Architecture & Urbanism is the property of Universidad de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper provides evidence for the racialization of urban neighborhoods in Kansas City Missouri, USA and the ways in which voluntary associations of citizens work to resist and reduce conditions of urban vulnerability. The paper presents data from historical patterns of raciallybiased real estate practices, including redlining, and demonstrates how these patterns continue to shape the politics of vulnerability in the region today. Three neighborhood profiles provide evidence of the ways in which local neighborhood associations are organized to respond to both social and spatial conditions of vulnerability. In contrast to the estimates of low community resilience in these neighborhoods, the author demonstrates that neighborhood empowerment is an important counterpoint to concentrated vulnerabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Peronism as a political party, has undergone myriad of critical circumstances who forced him to operate adaptive strategies in order to maintain resources, power, influence or ensure his own political survival. The shift to the neoliberal paradigm, under the government of Carlos Menem, and the return to the track of economic heterodoxy, during the first years of Néstor Kirchner administration, have been two of the most drastic adaptive mutations implemented. The first one was addressed by Flavia Burgess and Steven Levitsky through a theoretical model of two levels. The objective of this work is to recover the categories of that conceptual apparatus in order to unravel the determinants of the second.

La importancia de las micro-empresas para el éxito económico y social de cualquier comunidad es innegable a tenor de los datos ofrecidos por distintos observatorios económicos como el Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Sin embargo, este observatorio también pone de manifiesto las elevadas tasas de fracaso empresarial relacionadas con este tipo particular de emprendimiento. Este trabajo considera que, al igual que otros tipos de emprendimiento, el éxito de los micro-emprendimientos está vinculado a la capacidad del empresario para generar capacidades dinámicas de adaptación en sus iniciativas empresariales. Estas capacidades tienen su origen en los procesos que desarrolla el futuro emprendedor previos a la creación de su micro-empresa, otorgando a los procesos de formación en emprendimiento un papel fundamental para el éxito de las micro-empresas. En este artículo se argumenta la importancia no solamente de la formación en emprendimiento, sino de la metodología didáctica utilizada siempre y cuando contribuya al desarrollo de la habilidad de reevaluación del emprendedor. De hecho, es la habilidad de reevaluación la que tiene una influencia significativa en el desarrollo de la capacidad dinámica de adaptación. En este sentido, se argumenta como las metodologías didácticas basadas en la experimentación de procesos que permitan diseñar, validar, medir y aprender del mercado facilitan en los emprendedores el desarrollo de la habilidad de reevaluación. Al mismo tiempo, este artículo presenta el caso de la Escuela para Emprender como un buen ejemplo de aplicación de una metodología didáctica basada en los principios señalados. En la Escuela para Emprender se ha diseñado una metodología didáctica específica y adaptada a las necesidades de los micro-emprendedores que les ayuda a concretar la oportunidad de negocio en la que basan su micro-emprendimiento y la mejor estrategia para trasladar dicha oportunidad al mercado. Finalmente, en este artículo se presentan los principales resultados obtenidos de la puesta en marcha de la Escuela para Emprender en sus dos primeras ediciones. De estos resultados puede deducirse que la metodología didáctica en la que está inspirada la Escuela para Emprender no solamente contribuye al desarrollo de la habilidad de reevaluación de los emprendedores sino también a su intención de crear la empresa. Estos resultados refuerzan la importancia de la educación en emprendimiento especialmente cuando ésta contribuye al desarrollo de la habilidad de reevaluación del emprendedor. En este sentido, estos resultados permiten desarrollar la literatura en educación emprendedora principalmente centrada en analizar su influencia en la intención para emprender y menos en el desarrollo de habilidades transversales como la habilidad de reevaluación.

This article studies the contributions to the theory of dynamic capabilities with emphasis on the adaptation capacity, contemplates the forms of learning and continuous adjustments to manage the complexity of the processes. Searching in scientific articles, the investigator carried out literature review through electronic databases, using the following descriptors: "dynamic capabilities", "adaptability", "international markets", and "competitiveness"; then, the systematization of the reading was made, and finally, the structuring of the sections. Main findings were the coincidence of the authors, stating that the ability of companies to adapt and improve knowledge acquired to be maintained over time and It is an inimitable feature of each organization. It was concluded that the capability of adaptation provides tools to the organization, in order to achieve changes in its business strategy, in agreement with changing market needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Desarrollo Gerencial is the property of Universidad Simon Bolivar (USB) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atlantic Review of Economics / Revista Atlántica de Economía is the property of Colegio de Economistas de La Coruna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Colección is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A la hora de afrontar los potenciales impactos del cambio climático, las administraciones encargadas de la toma de decisiones a cualquier escala territorial deben disponer de herramientas de evaluación que permitan el diseño de políticas relevantes. Los últimos avances científicos han permitido el desarrollo de mejores proyecciones climáticas, pero aún está por ver si éstas se acaban traduciendo en estrategias de adaptación efectivas. En el presente trabajo se utilizan bases de datos existentes sobre impactos climáticos en la agricultura europea y se combinan con una evaluación de la capacidad de adaptación para desarrollar un enfoque interdisciplinar para la priorización de políticas. Asimismo, se propone una metodología para la identificación de políticas relevantes para diferentes países de la Unión Europea representativos de distintas zonas agroclimáticas. Nuestro análisis presenta un marco que permite hacer uso de los conocimientos actuales acerca de los futuros impactos del cambio climático teniendo en consideración los factores socio-económicos, agrícolas, y medioambientales subyacentes que determinan la capacidad de una región de adaptarse al cambio climático.

El tema de Cambio Climático (CC) es aún debatible, pero la evaluación de vulnerabilidad a eventos extremos es indispensable para un uso estratégico de los recursos públicos. Ejemplo reciente son los impactos de los ciclones “Ingrid” y “Manuel” que se hubieran aminorado si años atrás se hubiera evaluado la vulnerabilidad de la zona y distribuido recursos en concordancia. Este trabajo evaluó la vulnerabilidad a CC de una franja del centro del país hacia Golfo de México, alineada a la dirección que frecuentemente siguen los ciclones. Adaptado el modelo de Malone y Brenkert (2008), se emplearon como indicadores de vulnerabilidad variables socioeconómicas, biofísicas y climáticas. Los subcriterios más importante para vulnerabilidad al CC son el tamaño de la población, marginación, tecnología para la producción, degradación de los recursos naturales y capacidad económica. La evaluación de vulnerabilidad también se realizó dando peso diferenciado a las variables de acuerdo a la opinión de expertos, con resultados similares. La evaluación de la vulnerabilidad a CC mediante el modelo empleado es una herramienta de valiosa para detectar las áreas prioritarias para el uso de recursos y minimizar los impactos de eventos climáticos extremos.

The tropical Andes have been declared one of the most vulnerable regions in the world to climate change. Processes of glacial decline, including their altogether disappearance, as well as notable changes in rainfall patterns presently affect the region. This research took place in two distinct ecological zones of the northern highlands of Ecuador: premontaine dry forest and montaine wet forest. The authors collected and analyzed data on perceptions of men and women small-scale farmers with regard to the experiences with changes in climate variables. Subsequently, findings were contrasted with available official weather change data. In addition, the authors studied perceptions with regard to perceived causes of climate change and the level of risk, and the research explored different individual and collective coping and adaptation measures. The research identified that perceptions of climate change variables concurred with available meteorological data. Nevertheless, farmers from both zones had great difficulty predicting climate change and thought that they must not only be prepared to react to adverse events. The research also underlines local organizational capacity, necessary for the construction of adaptive strategies. In this work we manifest the importance of understanding local context with the end of designing intervention programs of small-scale agriculture in the Ecuadorian Andes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dimensión Empresarial is the property of Universidad Autonoma del Caribe, Departamento del Atlantico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Metropolitan regions are vulnerable to climate change from several perspectives. Their rural territories support many strategic roles essential for the quality of life in these regions, including their contribution to food security. The survival of metropolitan agriculture requires not only protecting agricultural resources. It also requires that the value of the multi-functionality of these agricultural territories be truly appreciated for its contribution to the quality of life in these regions. Finally, farmers also need to further develop their adaptive capacity to different stressors, including climate change and variability, in order to survive and prosper, so that they can continue to play and support these strategic roles in metropolitan regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en el estrés y la capacidad de adaptación que experimentan las familias con niños con necesidades educativas especiales, en especial con familias con niños con dificultades específicas de aprendizaje. Se presentan un conjunto de factores que afectan a las familias con niños con NEE y se explica la importancia de poner una atención especial a la capacidad de adaptación. Puesto que las dificultades de aprendizaje están entre las desviaciones con serios efectos capacidad de adaptación, la atención especial se pone en las familias con niños de estas características. Se ha realizado un análisis de la literatura existente con el fin de identificar los elementos claves relacionados con esas familias.

This study assessed the spatial distribution of vulnerability to extreme heat in 1990 and 2000 within metropolitan Phoenix based on an index of seven equally weighted measures of physical exposure and adaptive capacity. These measures were derived from spatially interpolated climate, normalized differential vegetation index, and U.S. Census data. From resulting vulnerability maps, we also analyzed population groups living in areas of high heat vulnerability. Results revealed that landscapes of heat vulnerability changed substantially in response to variations in physical and socioeconomic factors, with significant alterations to spatial distribution of vulnerability especially between eastern and western sectors of Phoenix. These changes worked to the detriment of Phoenix's Hispanic population and the elderly concentrated in urban-fringe retirement communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Centroamericanos is the property of Universidad Centroamericana Jose Simeon Canas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)