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The threat and destructiveness of landslide disasters caused by extreme rainfall are increasing. Rainfall intensity is a key factor in the mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides. However, under natural conditions, rainfall intensity is highly variable. This study focuses on the Fanling landslide and investigates the effects of varying rainfall intensity amplitudes, rainfall durations, and total rainfall amounts on landslide behavior. Three experimental groups were established, and ten rainfall conditions were simulated numerically to analyze the seepage field response of the landslide under fluctuating rainfall conditions. The results indicate that (1) there are positive correlations between the final pore pressure and both the amplitude and duration of rainfall intensity; (2) the pore water pressure response in the upper slope changes significantly, initiating deformation; and (3) the total rainfall amount is the most direct factor affecting the pore pressure response and landslide deformation. Compared to long-term stable rainfall, short-term fluctuating rainstorms are more likely to trigger landslides. These findings enhance our understanding of landslide mechanisms under fluctuating rainfall, providing valuable insights for disaster prevention and mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, an environmentally friendly and efficient amidation method of imines by Oxone and CuO has been developed. This facile method shows excellent selectivity without affecting other functional groups such as phenyls, halogens, cyans, esters or heterocycles. This method features a broad substrate scope, mild conditions and high yields (≤90 %), and the yield in the gram scale experiment also reaches up to 81 %. Flonicamid, moclobemide and bupivacaine are also successfully synthesized to demonstrate its potential utilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The avulsion fracture of tibial insertion of anterior cruciate ligament needs to be operated and fixed as early as possible. At present, the open reduction (absorbable screw, hollow scnew, steel wire, and titanium cable) is commonly used in the clinical treatment plan for internal fixation, which is more traumatic and has many postoperative complications. Arthroscopic reduction and elastic (suture) internal fixation of anterior cruciate ligament fracture has the advantages of minimally invasive, clear surgical field, high fixation accuracy, few complications, good fracture reduction and healing, meeting the biomechanical requirements, and allowing rapid recovery of joint function, but also has the disadvantages of insufficient strength, and osteotomy. OBJECTIVE: To compare the treatment efficacy of arthroscopic technique with Fiber Tape circular fixation and open reduction and fixation for the avulsion fracture of tibial insertion of anterior cruciate ligament. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with tibial eminence fracture at Department of Orthopedics of Shanghai China Metallurgical Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled. All patients signed the informed consents and the study was approved by the Ethics Committee. The patients were divided into two groups based on surgical methods: minimally invasive group (n=17, arthroscopic reduction and Fiber Tape circular fixation) and open group (n=15, open reduction and hollow tension screw fixation). The operation time, blood loss, and postoperative complications were recorded. The range of motion of knee joint, Lysholm score, and International Knee Documenting Committee score before operation, 1 and 6 months after surgery were recorded. X-ray film was used to evaluate fracture healing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed up for 6-13 months. (2) There were no significant differences in age composition, fracture type, cause of injury or preoperative score between two groups. (3) X-ray film showed satisfactory fracture reduction after operation. There were no neurological, vascular injury or fracture displacement after surgery. The fractures healed well after 6 months. (4) There was no significant difference in the operation time and postoperative complications between two groups. The blood loss showed significant difference between two groups (P=0.036). (5) The range of motion of knee joint at postoperative 1 month in both groups was significantly larger than that at baseline (P < 0.05). The range of motion of knee joint at postoperative 6 months was significantly larger than that at postoperative 1 month (P < 0.05). The range of motion of knee joint at postoperative 1 and 6 months in the minimally invasive group was significantly larger than that in the open group (P < 0.05). (6) The Lysholm and International Knee Documenting Committee scores at postoperative 1 month in both groups were significantly higher than those at baseline (P < 0.05). The scores at postoperative 6 months were significantly higher than those at postoperative 1 month (P < 0.05). The scores at postoperative 1 and 6 months in the minimally invasive group were significantly higher than those in the open group (P < 0.05). (7) These findings suggest that the patients in both groups after undergoing surgical methods had restored motion of range with time going. Compared with open fixation, arthroscopic reduction and Fiber Tape circular fixation for treating tibial eminence fracture has less blood loss, less trauma, shorter recovery time and higher functional recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global prevalence of obesity is rising year by year, which has become a public health problem worldwide. Many animal and clinical studies have shown that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is considered an ideal probiotic and potential supplement for the treatment of obesity. In this study, we aimed to complete the genome sequence of L. plantarum HOM2217, which was isolated from human milk, and study its physiological characteristics and anti-obesity effects in 3T3-L1 cells and rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to determine its potential as a starter for functional food products. Whole-genome analysis demonstrated that HOM2217 contained a single circular chromosome of 3,267,529 bp with a GC content of 44.5% and one plasmid (62,350 bp) with a GC content of 38.5%. Compared to the reference strains, HOM2217 demonstrated superior tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions, higher adhesion to intestinal epithelial cell lines, potent antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 13047, and effective cholesterol removal ability in vitro . Treatment with heat-killed HOM2217 significantly reduced lipid accumulation and intracellular triglyceride production in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Daily treatment of HFD-fed rats with HOM2217 for 7 weeks decreased body weight, body weight gain, and body fat without changes in food intake. HOM2217 also significantly increased the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, decreased the serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) (formic acid, acetic acid, and butyric acid) levels in the cecum. Thus, HOM2217 could potentially prevent obesity in rats by inhibiting inflammatory responses and regulating lipid metabolism and SCFAs expression. Therefore, HOM2217 has potential as an alternative treatment for obesity., Competing Interests: TW, XZ, LF, YZ, ZZ, and ZC were employed by Beijing Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. YX, SL, CL, and SZ were employed by Coree Beijing Co., Ltd., (Copyright © 2024 Wang, Zhang, Fan, Zhao, Zhang, Cao, Xu, Lee, Lim and Zhang.)

Objective: To investigate the influence of intraoperative implantation of radioactive (125)I seeds on healing of surgical anastomosis., Methods: The jejunum was cut, and end-to-end anastomosis was made in 12 healthy dogs. In the experimental group (n = 8), the (125)I seeds were implanted into the two sides of the anastomosis. The total radiation dosage at the anastomosis was 116 Gy. The other 4 dogs were in the included control group. At the 7th, 14th postoperative day, specimens were obtained from 4 dogs in the experimental group and 2 dogs in the control group respectively. The healing of the anastomosis was observed grossly; hydroxyproline content, as well as histopathological and ultrastructural changes of the anastomotic tissue were studied., Results: Gross observation showed healing of the anastomosis of the experimental animals. The hydroxyproline contents were 0.578 +/- 0.020 microg/mg proteins in the experimental group and 0.631 +/- 0.012 microg/mg proteins in the control group (P > 0.05). Histopathological and ultrastructural changes of the anastomotic tissue were not significant in healing as compared to the control group. One of 29 patients had anastomotic leakage., Conclusions: Intraoperative implantation of (125)I has no adverse effect on healing of surgical anastomosis; it is safe and feasible in clinical practice.