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Objective To assess efficacy and safety of a treatment regimen based on rectal administration of Boswellia resin extract and propolis derived polyphenols in patients with type IIIa/IIIb chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). Methods Patients with IIIa/IIIb CP/CPPS received one rectal suppository a day for 15 days per month for 3 consecutive months. Participants were evaluated with National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH–CPSI), the International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), four-glass test, uroflowmetry, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assessments at baseline and at weeks 4, and 12. Primary endpoints were improvement in pain domain of NIH–CPSI and improvement of NIH–CPSI total score. Secondary outcomes included improvement of micturition and quality of life (QoL) domains of NIH–CPSI questionnaire. Results A total of 61 males have been enrolled. No adverse events have been reported. Significant improvements from baseline to Day 30 have been reported for NIH–CPSI total score (mean difference: −9.2; p Conclusion Rectal administration of Boswellia resin extract and propolis derived polyphenols is well tolerated and delivers a significant symptomatic improvement in most patients with IIIa/IIIb CP/CPPS.

To study the benefits of a single, early, intravesical instillation of mitomycin C(MMC) after transurethral bladder resection (TURB) in patients with low-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). In this prospective randomised single-centre trial, 211 patients with primary and low-risk tumours were enrolled between 2000 and 2009. Patients were randomly allocated to receive MMC intravesically within 24 h of TUR or no further treatment. The primary end point was recurrence rate reduction. A total of 202 patients (97 in the MMC group and 105 in the control group) remained for analysis after exclusions. Median age was 61 years (IQR 42–78), and median follow-up was 90 months (IQR 3–112). No significant differences for patients’ characteristics were observed between the two groups. During the study period, 10% (10/97) of the patients in the MMC group and 43% (46/105) in the control group experienced a recurrence (P = 0.0001). Four patients in the MMC group and 11 (P = 0.008) in the control group experienced an early recurrence (within 2 years). One patient in the control group presented a tumour progression (T2G3). MMC treatment was associated with a 31% absolute risk reduction of recurrence and a 3.26 numbers needed to treat to prevent one recurrence. In this single-centre, long-term follow-up, experience a single, early instillation of MMC after TUR for low-risk NMIBC is associated with a significant reduction in risk of early and late recurrences.

To evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and prostate cancer diagnosis and grade in patients undergoing prostate biopsy.From 2009 onwards, a consecutive series of patients undergoing 12-core prostate biopsy for PSA value ≥4 ng/ml and/or positive digital rectal examination (DRE) were prospectively enrolled. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences, and blood pressure were measured before the biopsy. Blood samples were tested for: PSA, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol HDL. MS presence was defined according to Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.One hundred ninety five patients were enrolled with a median age and PSA of 69 years and 5.6 ng/ml respectively. Median BMI was 27.6 kg/m(2) with 64 patients (33%) being classified as obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2) ). Eighty-six patients (44%) had MS. Eighty-three patients (43%) had cancer on biopsy; 37 (45%) with MS and 46 (55%) without (P = 0.48). PSA was independently associated with higher risk of cancer (OR 1.12/1 U PSA, P = 0.01). Out of 83 patients with prostate cancer, 42 (51%) had Gleason score 6 (12 (28.5%) presented a MS) and 41 (49%) a Gleason score ≥7 (25 (61%) presented a MS). The presence of MS was not associated with an increased risk prostate cancer (OR: 0.97, P = 0.94) but with an increased risk of Gleason ≥7 (OR: 3.82; P = 0.013).In our single center study, MS is associated with an increased risk of high grade Gleason score when prostate cancer is diagnosed on biopsy. However, these results should be confirmed in a larger multicenter study. .