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92 results on '"Cantarella, L."'

6. Acetonitrile Biotransformation into Less Toxic Compounds by a Bioprocess Based on the Nitrile Hydratase/Amidase Sequential Enzymatic Reactions

Author

Chuchat, MISS NATCHARI, Pasquarelli, Fabrizia, Spera, Agata, Cantarella, L., and Cantarella, M.

Subjects
nitrile hydratase/amidase, biotransformation of acetonitrile streams, in-situ sequential enzymes, biocatalysts, lcsh:Computer engineering. Computer hardware, batch reactor, acetonitrile biotransformation, batch reactor, UF-membrane reactor, nitrile hydratase/amidase, lcsh:TP155-156, in-situ sequential enzymes, lcsh:TK7885-7895, UF-membrane reactor, lcsh:Chemical engineering, acetonitrile biotransformation, biotransformation of acetonitrile streams, biocatalysts
Abstract

The nitrile hydratase/amidase in-situ sequential enzymes of Microbacterium imperiale CBS 498-74 were used, as biocatalysts, for the biotransformation of acetonitrile streams into less toxic compounds: the corresponding acetamide and acetic acid. This preliminary study aimed to investigate the possible use of resting cells of this strain for pollutant removal. The kinetic parameters, KM and Vmax, evaluated in batch reactor, at 20 °C, and in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, at pH 5.0 and 7.0, were at pH 5.0, 60.4 mM (or at pH 7.0, 74.96 mM) and 0.44 µmol min-1 mgDCW-1 (or at pH 7.0, 0.46 µmol min-1 mgDCW-1), respectively. The reactions were unaffected in the whole range of pH, 3.5 till 8.5. Acetonitrile biotransformation, up to 300 mM, into the corresponding acetamide and acetic acid was driven to completeness, at steady state, in Continuous Stirred UF-Membrane Reactor (CSMR). The importance of stirring was also assessed.

Published
2016

8. The Impact of Lignocellulose Degradation Compounds on the Activity and Stability of Cellulase during CMC-Hydrolysis Performed in Continuous UF-Membrane Reactors

Author

Mucciante, Claudia, Cantarella, L., Spera, A., and Cantarella, Maria

Subjects
continuous reactor, inhibitors, enzymatic hydrolysis, Biomass, cellulose, steam explosion
Abstract

Recently, great emphasis has been placed on 2nd-generation biofuels produced from lignocellulosic feedstocks to elude the ethical problems that may arise from the use of food crops. The biochemical route has focused much research, presenting potentially a greater cost reduction than the thermochemical route. During steam-explosion (SE) pretreatment, mandatory for cellulose accessibility, lignocellulosic biomasses release, among the others, phenolic compounds that inhibit or inactivate to some extent the biocatalysts involved in the hydrolysis or fermentation step. This study focusses on the effect that selected phenolics causes on the stability and activity of cellulase. To this end continuous stirred UF-membrane reactors have been used to follow enzyme activity in long term-runs that lasted at least 100 h. The inhibiting and/or inactivating effects of components released during SE were studied at different concentrations in the enzymatic hydrolysis of commercial cellulose. p-Hydroxybenzoic acid and syringaldehyde (2 g L-1) appears to be the extreme limits in the inactivating effect being the half-lives 12.6 and 82.5 h, respectively., Proceedings of the 21st European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 3-7 June 2013, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 1552-1554

Published
2013
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