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Copyright of Revista de Psicología Aplicada al Deporte & al Ejercicio Físico is the property of Colegio Oficial de Psicologos de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Psicología Aplicada al Deporte & al Ejercicio Físico is the property of Colegio Oficial de Psicologos de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is a close link between moral education and sports activities. A well-organized sport can be an excellent means of transferring positive values to children and adolescents, which can influence motivation and group processes. This study aimed to analyse (a) the relationships between social, personal and individualistic values, motivational orientation and team cohesion amongst young soccer players and (b) compare differences in these variables between players competing in different age categories. Our participant sample comprised 401 male soccer players of Spanish teams (mean age = 14.64 years) competing in official competitive leagues, of five age categories, Under-10 years to Under-19. All participants responded to three instruments: the Values Scale for Positive Adolescent Development, the Perception of Success Questionnaire and the Group Environment Questionnaire. Correlation and regression, and analysis of differences between categories were performed. The results confirm that personal values are mainly related to task orientation, and individualistic values to ego orientation. The values of responsibility, integrity and honesty were the best predictors of task orientation, and social recognition and hedonism predict ego orientation. Honesty and responsibility were the main predictors of both task and social cohesion. Younger players showed a higher level of social values, task orientation and social cohesion, while older players show higher individualistic values and ego orientation. Implications for research or practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biofeedback is an effective strategy to decrease levels of activation and anxiety. The purpose of this study is to determine the degree to which amateur athletes are able to learn to control their autonomic responses through biofeedback. The hypothesis of this study is that amateur athletes with biofeedback intervention will significantly decrease their level of psychophysiological activation compared to those without the intervention. Sixteen amateur marathon athletes participated, from the city of Andria de la Puglia, Italy. They were randomly assigned to two groups, one control and one experimental (i.e., biofeedback condition, which used peripheral temperature, skin conductance, and heart rate techniques). During the intervention period, there were six 15-minute individual sessions over two weeks. Anxiety was evaluated using the STAI survey, which is a subjective scale of activation and a psychophysiological profile. The statistical analysis used in this study is analysis of variance of repeated measurements was used with a significance level of .05. For the Post Hoc or a posteriori comparison, the Sidak and the Bonferroni procedure were conducted. A significant interaction was found between the evaluation conditions, timepoints, group, including peripheral temperature and in the skin conductance. The experimental group has significant lower activation compared to the control group, higher increase of the peripheral temperature and lower conductance. There is no difference in anxiety measured with the STAI. In conclusion, the biofeedback group has learned to control their autonomic responses, as indicated by a significant decrease in the level of psychophysiological activation, compared to the group without intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in 20% of breast carcinomas. Prior to the development of targeted therapies, HER2-positive breast cancer was associated with more aggressive disease and poor prognosis. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is an antibody-drug conjugate that results from the combination of trastuzumab and DM1, a derivative of the antimicrotubule agent maytansine. This molecule has the ability to enhance cytotoxic drug delivery to specifically targeted cells that overexpress HER2, therefore, maximizing efficacy while sparing toxicity. In recent years, T-DM1 has shown to improve outcomes in metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer that is resistant to trastuzumab. In addition, T-DM1 is currently being tested in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings to identify patients who may benefit from this therapy. This review focuses on the mechanism of action, early and late-phase clinical trials, and ongoing studies of T-DM1 in HER2-positive breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to develop a psychosocial profile of the SW practitioners and contribute to the knowledge of this activity. A descriptive-correlational single-measure design was used, which included 216 participants aged 18-36 years old. 92.6% of the sample was formed by men and 21.3% by immigrants. We evaluate practice motivation, psychological well-being, and differences depending on the migratory situation and the practice of additional sports. We obtained sociodemographic data (sex, age, socio-labor situation and country of origin) and data related to the activity (seniority in practice, training time and approach mode). The results showed that SW is practiced mainly by the young male (X= 18.01), students (77.8%). The main modes of approach by acquaintances and social networks. The 57.4% of the participants practice SW exclusively. The most relevant reasons for practice were enjoyment, competence and fitness; also, the participants obtained high scores in psychological well-being. These data make us think of the SW as a useful tool for the promotion of physical activity and values of integration, especially remarkable for its low economic cost and accessibility to the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The psychological variables have a special relevance in the coronary affectations. The aim of the present work was to study the evolution of different psychological variables, of quality of life and of adjustment psychosocial, in patients who have suffered an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and attended a cardiac rehabilitation program, which included, among other, a module of physical activity. The measurements were made when the ACS debuted and 3 months after the cardiac event in a total of 146 men (57.86 years of age (dt = 9.45)) who had undergone a diagnostic catheterization with therapeutic intent within 3 days. The study design was of the quasi-experimental, prospective and longitudinal type. The results at 3 months after suffering the cardiac event show lower levels of anxiety (Cohen's d = .61; p < .01), depression (Cohen's d = .33; p < .05), psychological distress (Cohen's d =. 72; p < .01) and anger (Cohen's d = .34; p < .01), and higher personal strength scores (Cohen's d = .37; p < .01) or life appreciation (Cohen's d =. 35, p < .01). In the ACS, knowing the psychosocial evolution of the patient is considered fundamental next to the usual medical control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is to study the effect of a coaching program on the perception of general and emotional health (measured by the GHQ-12; Sánchez-López and Dresch, 2008) and the psychological well-being (measured using the EBP; Diaz et al, 2006) in a group of young elite athletes. The results indicate that the experimental group (n = 38), after completion of the coaching program (with an average of 4-6 sessions, and 45-60 minutes per session), improved their perception of well-being and psychological health. These changes are not observed in the control group (n = 41). We conclude that when a coaching intervention makes improvements in the life of the person is possible that the psychological well-being and the perception of his/her health are also enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 20-25% of all breast cancers are diagnosed in patients younger than 50 years of age, most of whom are still premenopausal. Currently, tamoxifen is considered the standard of care for adjuvant treatment in these cases. However, in postmenopausal women, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are a better choice. Given the superiority of AIs over tamoxifen in postmenopausal women, multiple investigators explored the potential role of AIs in premenopausal patients receiving ovarian suppression. Until very recently, available data derived from the ABCSG-12 clinical trial argued against the combination of AIs and ovarian suppression. This idea, however, may have changed with the release of the combined analysis of two clinical trials: SOFT and TEXT which evaluated the use of ovarian suppression in combination therapy. Clinicians will soon reconsider the possibility of using this strategy for premenopausal patients. Given the availability of this new data this review will analyze the consequences derived from this study, contextualize this new information within the vast available literature of anti-hormonal therapy, and discuss potential arguments in favor of and against the use of this approach.

Breast cancer continues to be a major health problem. Both patients and clinicians demand faster access to drugs that could result in better outcomes. In part motivated by this necessity, there has been a change in the dominant paradigm regarding how drugs become approved. Complete pathological response (pCR), understood as the absence of remanent and viable tumor after a neoadjuvant treatment, is now considered by a large proportion of the medical community as a valid surrogate. The presumption is that patients achieving pCR are less likely to develop tumor recurrence. Consequently, if a drug can improve the number of patients achieving pCR it could then obtain approval by the regulatory agencies. Pertuzumab, an anti-HER- 2 monoclonal antibody, was granted accelerated approval based on this principle. The unprecedented approval of this drug is now an example that can help us to understand the advantages but also the potential risks associated with this new approach. In this review, we will discuss the results of the two clinical trials leading to the FDA-approval of pertuzumab in the neo-adjuvant setting. We will also analyze the outcomes from long term follow up of two important neoadjuvant clinical trials, the NeoALTTO and the NOAH studies. These last ones had provided further insights regarding the magnitude, the quality as well as some limitations of the relationship between pCR and harder endpoints such as event-free or overall survival. It seems evident that the acknowledgement of pCR as a potential surrogate endpoint represents an important step in the right direction. However, it still remains controversial whether this is applicable to all subtypes of breast cancers. Additional investigations may be necessary to safely generalize this concept.

During the last decade we have witnessed an unprecedented outburst of new treatment approaches for the management of metastatic colon cancer. Anti-angiogenic drugs, epidermal growth factor receptor blockers and multi-kinase inhibitors have all resulted in small but consistent improvement in clinical outcomes. However, this progress has paradoxically leaded us into new challenges. In many cases the clinical development was done in parallel and the lack of head-to-head comparison evolved into circumstances where several valid new "standards of care" are available. Even though desirable in essence, the availability of many options as well as different possible combinations frequently leaves the busy clinician in the difficult situation of having to choose between one or the other, sometimes without solid evidence to support each decision. In addition, progress never stops and new agents are continuously tested. For these reason this review will try to summarize all the clinical trials that constitute the theoretical framework that support our daily practice but will also procure the reader with rational answers to common clinical dilemmas by critically appraising the current literature. Lastly, we will provide with a compilation of promising new agents that may soon become our next line of defense against this deadly disease.