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Abstract High temperature stress influences plant growth, seed yield, and fatty acid contents by causing oxidative damage. This study investigated the potential of thiourea (TU) to mitigate oxidative stress and restoring seed oil content and quality in canola. The study thoroughly examined three main factors: (i) growth conditions—control and high temperature stress (35 °C); (ii) TU supplementation (1000 mg/L)—including variations like having no TU, water application at the seedling stage, TU application at seedling stage (BBCH Scale-39), water spray at anthesis stage, and TU application at anthesis stage (BBCH Scale-60); (iii) and two canola genotypes, 45S42 and Hiola-401, were studied separately. High temperature stress reduced growth and tissue water content, as plant height and relative water contents were decreased by 26 and 36% in 45S42 and 27 and 42% Hiola-401, respectively, resulting in a substantial decrease in seed yield per plant by 36 and 38% in 45S42 and Hiola-401. Seed oil content and quality parameters were also negatively affected by high temperature stress as seed oil content was reduced by 32 and 35% in 45S42 and Hiola-401. High-temperature stress increased the plant stress indicators like malondialdehyde, H2O2 content, and electrolyte leakage; these indicators were increased in both canola genotypes as compared to control. Interestingly, TU supplementation restored plant performance, enhancing height, relative water content, foliar chlorophyll (SPAD value), and seed yield per plant by 21, 15, 30, and 28% in 45S42; 19, 13, 26, and 21% in Hiola-401, respectively, under high temperature stress as compared to control. In addition, seed quality, seed oil content, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid were improved by 16, 14, and 22% in 45S42, and 16, 11, and 23% in Hiola-401, as compared to control. The most significant improvements in canola seed yield per plant were observed when TU was applied at the anthesis stage. Additionally, the research highlighted that canola genotype 45S42 responded better to TU applications and exhibited greater resilience against high temperature stress compared to genotype Hiola-401. This interesting study revealed that TU supplementation, particularly at the anthesis stage, improved high temperature stress tolerance, seed oil content, and fatty acid profile in two canola genotypes.

High temperature stress influences plant growth, seed yield, and fatty acid contents by causing oxidative damage. This study investigated the potential of thiourea (TU) to mitigate oxidative stress and restoring seed oil content and quality in canola. The study thoroughly examined three main factors: (i) growth conditions—control and high temperature stress (35 °C); (ii) TU supplementation (1000 mg/L)—including variations like having no TU, water application at the seedling stage, TU application at seedling stage (BBCH Scale-39), water spray at anthesis stage, and TU application at anthesis stage (BBCH Scale-60); (iii) and two canola genotypes, 45S42 and Hiola-401, were studied separately. High temperature stress reduced growth and tissue water content, as plant height and relative water contents were decreased by 26 and 36% in 45S42 and 27 and 42% Hiola-401, respectively, resulting in a substantial decrease in seed yield per plant by 36 and 38% in 45S42 and Hiola-401. Seed oil content and quality parameters were also negatively affected by high temperature stress as seed oil content was reduced by 32 and 35% in 45S42 and Hiola-401. High-temperature stress increased the plant stress indicators like malondialdehyde, H2O2 content, and electrolyte leakage; these indicators were increased in both canola genotypes as compared to control. Interestingly, TU supplementation restored plant performance, enhancing height, relative water content, foliar chlorophyll (SPAD value), and seed yield per plant by 21, 15, 30, and 28% in 45S42; 19, 13, 26, and 21% in Hiola-401, respectively, under high temperature stress as compared to control. In addition, seed quality, seed oil content, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid were improved by 16, 14, and 22% in 45S42, and 16, 11, and 23% in Hiola-401, as compared to control. The most significant improvements in canola seed yield per plant were observed when TU was applied at the anthesis stage. Additionally, the research highlighted that canola genotype 45S42 responded better to TU applications and exhibited greater resilience against high temperature stress compared to genotype Hiola-401. This interesting study revealed that TU supplementation, particularly at the anthesis stage, improved high temperature stress tolerance, seed oil content, and fatty acid profile in two canola genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the resistance of selected canola genotypes to the mustard aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) was investigated. Molecular characterization of plant resistance was conducted, and genetic variability was observed between the resistant (KS-75) and susceptible (Abaseen) genotypes of brassica. Three RAPD markers were identified that were associated with the resistance. This study was conducted to compare the genetic data between two genotypes (KS-75 resistant and Abaseen susceptible), with an average of 4.3 bands per primer. The amplification bands per primer ranged from 9 to polymorphic fragments of 8, with fragment sizes ranging from 450 to 1700 base pairs to 9 kilo base pairs (kbps). Amplification of the largest fragment in 9 kbps using four primers (A 1–12, B 1–12, K 1–12 and L 1–12) resulted in a mean 92 percent identity index between the first two resistant and susceptible genotypes. KS-75 resistant had the highest mean genetic diversity of 92 percent, while Abaseen susceptible had the lowest mean genetic diversity of 8 percent. Out of the three markers tested, two were found to be positively associated with aphid resistance, while one was negatively correlated. These markers can be used to help develop a pre-emptive strategy for aphid resistance in brassica species, without having to simultaneously select for yield and quality related traits.

In this study, the resistance of selected canola genotypes to the mustard aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) was investigated. Molecular characterization of plant resistance was conducted, and genetic variability was observed between the resistant (KS-75) and susceptible (Abaseen) genotypes of brassica. Three RAPD markers were identified that were associated with the resistance. This study was conducted to compare the genetic data between two genotypes (KS-75 resistant and Abaseen susceptible), with an average of 4.3 bands per primer. The amplification bands per primer ranged from 9 to polymorphic fragments of 8, with fragment sizes ranging from 450 to 1700 base pairs to 9 kilo base pairs (kbps). Amplification of the largest fragment in 9 kbps using four primers (A 1–12, B 1–12, K 1–12 and L 1–12) resulted in a mean 92 percent identity index between the first two resistant and susceptible genotypes. KS-75 resistant had the highest mean genetic diversity of 92 percent, while Abaseen susceptible had the lowest mean genetic diversity of 8 percent. Out of the three markers tested, two were found to be positively associated with aphid resistance, while one was negatively correlated. These markers can be used to help develop a pre-emptive strategy for aphid resistance in brassica species, without having to simultaneously select for yield and quality related traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study on categories of resistance in selected canola genotypes against mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) was conducted under glasshouse conditions, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during growing seasons of 2018-2019. During this study, a total of two different experiments were carried out where, antixenosis experiment, comprised three levels; seedling, flowering and pod stage. In all the three stages, only genotype 'KS-75' proved as antixenosis resistant against the aphid compared to susceptible genotype Abaseen. The second experiment was performed to test antibiosis resistance against L. erysimi among the selected genotypes. During the antibiosis experiment different life table parameters of aphids; developmental period, reproductive period, longevity and fecundity were studied. Based on the calculations, only 'KS-75' proved antibiosis resistant against L. erysimi among the selected genotypes. Thus, during our current studies, genotype KS-75 proved antixenosis and antibiosis characteristics based on less number of aphids attracted/sustained and low number of progenies produced as compared to the tested genotypes Abaseen, Omega and Zahoor showed strong vigor against mustard aphid and symptoms of attack/damages were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]