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113 results on '"Cannone, N"'

4. Molecular analyses support revision of species diversity of the moss genus Bryum in Antarctica

Author

Cannone, N., Vanetti, I., Convey, P., Sancho, L.G., Zaccara, S., Cannone, N., Vanetti, I., Convey, P., Sancho, L.G., and Zaccara, S.

Abstract

Bryum is a moss genus that is widely distributed across the planet. Many of its species are characterized by large phenotypic and morphological plasticity, generating uncertainty in species identification exclusively based on morphological characteristics. In Antarctica, the extreme and harsh environmental conditions are further likely to promote intra-specific morphological variation, leading to complexity in the taxonomic attribution of Bryum species. In this study, we apply molecular phylogenetic analyses to assist in developing accurate species identification of B. pseudotriquetrum and two other relatively abundant Bryum species (B. archangelicum and B. pallescens) currently reported as Antarctic species.[...]

Published
2024

9. Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Author

Pedersen, Å.Ø., Convey, P., Newsham, K.K., Mosbacher, J.B., Fuglei, E., Ravolainen, V., Hansen, B.B., Jensen, T.C., Augusti, A., Biersma, E.M., Cooper, E.J., Coulson, S.J., Gabrielsen, G.W., Gallet, J.C., Karsten, U., Kristiansen, S.M., Svenning, M.M., Tveit, A.T., Uchida, M., Baneschi, I., Calizza, E., Cannone, N., de Goede, E.M., Doveri, M., Elster, J., Giamberini, M.S., Hayashi, K., Lang, S.I., Lee, Y.K., Nakatsubo, T., Pasquali, V., Paulsen, I.M.G., Pedersen, C., Peng, F., Provenzale, A., Pushkareva, E., Sandström, C.A.M., Sklet, V., Stach, A., Tojo, M., Tytgat, B., Tømmervik, H., Velazquez, D., Verleyen, E., Welker, J.M., Yao, Y.-F., Loonen, M.J.J.E., Pedersen, Å.Ø., Convey, P., Newsham, K.K., Mosbacher, J.B., Fuglei, E., Ravolainen, V., Hansen, B.B., Jensen, T.C., Augusti, A., Biersma, E.M., Cooper, E.J., Coulson, S.J., Gabrielsen, G.W., Gallet, J.C., Karsten, U., Kristiansen, S.M., Svenning, M.M., Tveit, A.T., Uchida, M., Baneschi, I., Calizza, E., Cannone, N., de Goede, E.M., Doveri, M., Elster, J., Giamberini, M.S., Hayashi, K., Lang, S.I., Lee, Y.K., Nakatsubo, T., Pasquali, V., Paulsen, I.M.G., Pedersen, C., Peng, F., Provenzale, A., Pushkareva, E., Sandström, C.A.M., Sklet, V., Stach, A., Tojo, M., Tytgat, B., Tømmervik, H., Velazquez, D., Verleyen, E., Welker, J.M., Yao, Y.-F., and Loonen, M.J.J.E.

Abstract

For more than five decades, research has been conducted at Ny-Ålesund, in Svalbard, Norway, to understand the structure and functioning of High-Arctic ecosystems and the profound impacts on them of environmental change. Terrestrial, freshwater, glacial and marine ecosystems are accessible year-round from Ny-Ålesund, providing unique opportunities for interdisciplinary observational and experimental studies along physical, chemical, hydrological and climatic gradients. Here, we synthesize terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund and review current knowledge of biodiversity patterns, species population dynamics and interactions, ecosystem processes, biogeochemical cycles and anthropogenic impacts. There is now strong evidence of past and ongoing biotic changes caused by climate change, including negative effects on populations of many taxa and impacts of rain-on-snow events across multiple trophic levels. While species-level characteristics and responses are well understood for macro-organisms, major knowledge gaps exist for microbes, invertebrates and ecosystem-level processes. In order to fill current knowledge gaps, we recommend (1) maintaining monitoring efforts, while establishing a long-term ecosystem-based monitoring programme; (2) gaining a mechanistic understanding of environmental change impacts on processes and linkages in food webs; (3) identifying trophic interactions and cascades across ecosystems; and (4) integrating long-term data on microbial, invertebrate and freshwater communities, along with measurements of carbon and nutrient fluxes among soils, atmosphere, freshwaters and the marine environment. The synthesis here shows that the Ny-Ålesund study system has the characteristics needed to fill these gaps in knowledge, thereby enhancing our understanding of High-Arctic ecosystems and their responses to environmental variability and change.

Published
2022

10. Small-scale spatial-temporal variability in snow cover and relationships with vegetation and climate in maritime Antarctica

Author

Tarca, G., Guglielmin, M., Convey, P., Worland, M.R., Cannone, N., Tarca, G., Guglielmin, M., Convey, P., Worland, M.R., and Cannone, N.

Abstract

Snow cover changes can have important effects on ecosystems, especially where spatial variability in cover is high, influencing the biogeochemical conditions of the underlying soil as well as the vegetation. In this study, snow thickness and areal distribution were monitored using a time lapse camera over a grid of 15 x 20 m between 2009 and 2017 at Signy Island (60 degrees S, South Orkney Islands, maritime Antarctica). The data obtained confirmed high spatial and temporal variability in snow cover. Over the study period, the mean annual snow depth ranged between 5.6 cm (2017) and 11.1 cm (2012) while the maximum of the mean daily snow depth across the entire grid ranged between 17.1 cm (2017) and 50.1 cm (2015). No temporal trend was apparent but there was a strong correlation with mean annual air temperature, suggesting that possible future warming could decrease snow depth in the area. A negative correlation was identified between the winter Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and mean annual snow depth, indicating an influence of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on snow cover in this part of Antarctica. There was considerable small-scale spatial variability in snow depth at each individual stake, with mean values between 3.9 and 25.3 cm and maximum values between 27 and 85 cm. Snow depth variability was influenced primarily by microtopography and wind direction, but also by the land cover type (vegetation). Our data highlight that spatial monitoring of snow accumulation is required at small physical scale to predict future effects of climatic changes on these sensitive maritime Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems.

Published
2022

11. The tundra phenology database:more than two decades of tundra phenology responses to climate change

Author

Prevéy, J. S. (Janet S.), Elmendorf, S. C. (Sarah Claire), Bjorkman, A. (Anne), Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.), Ashton, I. (Isabel), Assmann, J. J. (Jakob J.), Björk, R. G. (Robert G.), Björkman, M. P. (Mats P.), Cannone, N. (Nicoletta), Carbognani, M. (Michele), Chisholm, C. (Chelsea), Clark, K. (Karin), Collins, C. G. (Courtney G.), Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.), Elberling, B. (Bo), Frei, E. R. (Esther R.), Henry, G. R. (Gregory R.H.), Hollister, R. D. (Robert D.), Høye, T. T. (Toke Thomas), Jónsdóttir, I. S. (Ingibjörg Svala), Kerby, J. T. (Jeffrey T.), Klanderud, K. (Kari), Kopp, C. (Christopher), Levesque, E. (Esther), Mauritz, M. (Marguerite), Molau, U. (Ulf), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Natali, S. M. (Susan M.), Oberbauer, S. F. (Steven F.), Panchen, Z. (Zoe), Petraglia, A. (Alessandro), Post, E. (Eric), Rixen, C. (Christian), Rodenhizer, H. (Heidi), Rumpf, S. B. (Sabine B.), Schmidt, N. M. (Niels Martin), Schuur, T. (Ted), Semenchuk, P. (Philipp), Smith, J. G. (Jane Griffin), Suding, K. (Katharine), Totland, Ø. (Ørjan), Troxler, T. (Tiffany), Wahren, H. (Henrik), Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.), Wipf, S. (Sonja), Yang, Y. (Yue), Prevéy, J. S. (Janet S.), Elmendorf, S. C. (Sarah Claire), Bjorkman, A. (Anne), Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.), Ashton, I. (Isabel), Assmann, J. J. (Jakob J.), Björk, R. G. (Robert G.), Björkman, M. P. (Mats P.), Cannone, N. (Nicoletta), Carbognani, M. (Michele), Chisholm, C. (Chelsea), Clark, K. (Karin), Collins, C. G. (Courtney G.), Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.), Elberling, B. (Bo), Frei, E. R. (Esther R.), Henry, G. R. (Gregory R.H.), Hollister, R. D. (Robert D.), Høye, T. T. (Toke Thomas), Jónsdóttir, I. S. (Ingibjörg Svala), Kerby, J. T. (Jeffrey T.), Klanderud, K. (Kari), Kopp, C. (Christopher), Levesque, E. (Esther), Mauritz, M. (Marguerite), Molau, U. (Ulf), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Natali, S. M. (Susan M.), Oberbauer, S. F. (Steven F.), Panchen, Z. (Zoe), Petraglia, A. (Alessandro), Post, E. (Eric), Rixen, C. (Christian), Rodenhizer, H. (Heidi), Rumpf, S. B. (Sabine B.), Schmidt, N. M. (Niels Martin), Schuur, T. (Ted), Semenchuk, P. (Philipp), Smith, J. G. (Jane Griffin), Suding, K. (Katharine), Totland, Ø. (Ørjan), Troxler, T. (Tiffany), Wahren, H. (Henrik), Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.), Wipf, S. (Sonja), and Yang, Y. (Yue)

Abstract

Observations of changes in phenology have provided some of the strongest signals of the effects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. The International Tundra Experiment (ITEX), initiated in the early 1990s, established a common protocol to measure plant phenology in tundra study areas across the globe. Today, this valuable collection of phenology measurements depicts the responses of plants at the colder extremes of our planet to experimental and ambient changes in temperature over the past decades. The database contains 150 434 phenology observations of 278 plant species taken at 28 study areas for periods of 1–26 years. Here we describe the full data set to increase the visibility and use of these data in global analyses and to invite phenology data contributions from underrepresented tundra locations. Portions of this tundra phenology database have been used in three recent syntheses, some data sets are expanded, others are from entirely new study areas, and the entirety of these data are now available at the Polar Data Catalogue (https://doi.org/10.21963/13215).

Published
2022

12. Global maps of soil temperature

Author

Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.), van den Hoogen, J. (Johan), Aalto, J. (Juha), Ashcroft, M. B. (Michael B.), De Frenne, P. (Pieter), Kemppinen, J. (Julia), Kopecky, M. (Martin), Luoto, M. (Miska), Maclean, I. M. (Ilya M. D.), Crowther, T. W. (Thomas W.), Bailey, J. J. (Joseph J.), Haesen, S. (Stef), Klinges, D. H. (David H.), Niittynen, P. (Pekka), Scheffers, B. R. (Brett R.), Van Meerbeek, K. (Koenraad), Aartsma, P. (Peter), Abdalaze, O. (Otar), Abedi, M. (Mehdi), Aerts, R. (Rien), Ahmadian, N. (Negar), Ahrends, A. (Antje), Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.), Alexander, J. M. (Jake M.), Allonsius, C. N. (Camille Nina), Altman, J. (Jan), Ammann, C. (Christof), Andres, C. (Christian), Andrews, C. (Christopher), Ardo, J. (Jonas), Arriga, N. (Nicola), Arzac, A. (Alberto), Aschero, V. (Valeria), Assis, R. L. (Rafael L.), Assmann, J. J. (Jakob Johann), Bader, M. Y. (Maaike Y.), Bahalkeh, K. (Khadijeh), Barancok, P. (Peter), Barrio, I. C. (Isabel C.), Barros, A. (Agustina), Barthel, M. (Matti), Basham, E. W. (Edmund W.), Bauters, M. (Marijn), Bazzichetto, M. (Manuele), Marchesini, L. B. (Luca Belelli), Bell, M. C. (Michael C.), Benavides, J. C. (Juan C.), Benito Alonso, J. L. (Jose Luis), Berauer, B. J. (Bernd J.), Bjerke, J. W. (Jarle W.), Bjork, R. G. (Robert G.), Bjorkman, M. P. (Mats P.), Bjornsdottir, K. (Katrin), Blonder, B. (Benjamin), Boeckx, P. (Pascal), Boike, J. (Julia), Bokhorst, S. (Stef), Brum, B. N. (Barbara N. S.), Bruna, J. (Josef), Buchmann, N. (Nina), Buysse, P. (Pauline), Camargo, J. L. (Jose Luis), Campoe, O. C. (Otavio C.), Candan, O. (Onur), Canessa, R. (Rafaella), Cannone, N. (Nicoletta), Carbognani, M. (Michele), Carnicer, J. (Jofre), Casanova-Katny, A. (Angelica), Cesarz, S. (Simone), Chojnicki, B. (Bogdan), Choler, P. (Philippe), Chown, S. L. (Steven L.), Cifuentes, E. F. (Edgar F.), Ciliak, M. (Marek), Contador, T. (Tamara), Convey, P. (Peter), Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.), Cremonese, E. (Edoardo), Curasi, S. R. (Salvatore R.), Curtis, R. (Robin), Cutini, M. (Maurizio), Dahlberg, C. J. (C. Johan), Daskalova, G. N. (Gergana N.), Angel de Pablo, M. (Miguel), Della Chiesa, S. (Stefano), Dengler, J. (Juergen), Deronde, B. (Bart), Descombes, P. (Patrice), Di Cecco, V. (Valter), Di Musciano, M. (Michele), Dick, J. (Jan), Dimarco, R. D. (Romina D.), Dolezal, J. (Jiri), Dorrepaal, E. (Ellen), Dusek, J. (Jiri), Eisenhauer, N. (Nico), Eklundh, L. (Lars), Erickson, T. E. (Todd E.), Erschbamer, B. (Brigitta), Eugster, W. (Werner), Ewers, R. M. (Robert M.), Exton, D. A. (Dan A.), Fanin, N. (Nicolas), Fazlioglu, F. (Fatih), Feigenwinter, I. (Iris), Fenu, G. (Giuseppe), Ferlian, O. (Olga), Fernandez Calzado, M. R. (M. Rosa), Fernandez-Pascual, E. (Eduardo), Finckh, M. (Manfred), Higgens, R. F. (Rebecca Finger), Forte, T. G. (T'ai G. W.), Freeman, E. C. (Erika C.), Frei, E. R. (Esther R.), Fuentes-Lillo, E. (Eduardo), Garcia, R. A. (Rafael A.), Garcia, M. B. (Maria B.), Geron, C. (Charly), Gharun, M. (Mana), Ghosn, D. (Dany), Gigauri, K. (Khatuna), Gobin, A. (Anne), Goded, I. (Ignacio), Goeckede, M. (Mathias), Gottschall, F. (Felix), Goulding, K. (Keith), Govaert, S. (Sanne), Graae, B. J. (Bente Jessen), Greenwood, S. (Sarah), Greiser, C. (Caroline), Grelle, A. (Achim), Guenard, B. (Benoit), Guglielmin, M. (Mauro), Guillemot, J. (Joannes), Haase, P. (Peter), Haider, S. (Sylvia), Halbritter, A. H. (Aud H.), Hamid, M. (Maroof), Hammerle, A. (Albin), Hampe, A. (Arndt), Haugum, S. V. (Siri, V), Hederova, L. (Lucia), Heinesch, B. (Bernard), Helfter, C. (Carole), Hepenstrick, D. (Daniel), Herberich, M. (Maximiliane), Herbst, M. (Mathias), Hermanutz, L. (Luise), Hik, D. S. (David S.), Hoffren, R. (Raul), Homeier, J. (Juergen), Hörtnagl, L. (Lukas), Hoye, T. T. (Toke T.), Hrbacek, F. (Filip), Hylander, K. (Kristoffer), Iwata, H. (Hiroki), Jackowicz-Korczynski, M. A. (Marcin Antoni), Jactel, H. (Herve), Jarveoja, J. (Jarvi), Jastrzebowski, S. (Szymon), Jentsch, A. (Anke), Jimenez, J. J. (Juan J.), Jonsdottir, I. S. (Ingibjorg S.), Jucker, T. (Tommaso), Jump, A. S. (Alistair S.), Juszczak, R. (Radoslaw), Kanka, R. (Robert), Kaspar, V. (Vit), Kazakis, G. (George), Kelly, J. (Julia), Khuroo, A. A. (Anzar A.), Klemedtsson, L. (Leif), Klisz, M. (Marcin), Kljun, N. (Natascha), Knohl, A. (Alexander), Kobler, J. (Johannes), Kollar, J. (Jozef), Kotowska, M. M. (Martyna M.), Kovacs, B. (Bence), Kreyling, J. (Juergen), Lamprecht, A. (Andrea), Lang, S. I. (Simone, I), Larson, C. (Christian), Larson, K. (Keith), Laska, K. (Kamil), Maire, G. I. (Guerric Ie), Leihy, R. I. (Rachel, I), Lens, L. (Luc), Liljebladh, B. (Bengt), Lohila, A. (Annalea), Lorite, J. (Juan), Loubet, B. (Benjamin), Lynn, J. (Joshua), Macek, M. (Martin), Mackenzie, R. (Roy), Magliulo, E. (Enzo), Maier, R. (Regine), Malfasi, F. (Francesco), Malis, F. (Frantisek), Man, M. (Matej), Manca, G. (Giovanni), Manco, A. (Antonio), Manise, T. (Tanguy), Manolaki, P. (Paraskevi), Marciniak, F. (Felipe), Matula, R. (Radim), Clara Mazzolari, A. (Ana), Medinets, S. (Sergiy), Medinets, V. (Volodymyr), Meeussen, C. (Camille), Merinero, S. (Sonia), Guimaraes Mesquita, R. d. (Rita de Cassia), Meusburger, K. (Katrin), Meysman, F. J. (Filip J. R.), Michaletz, S. T. (Sean T.), Milbau, A. (Ann), Moiseev, D. (Dmitry), Moiseev, P. (Pavel), Mondoni, A. (Andrea), Monfries, R. (Ruth), Montagnani, L. (Leonardo), Moriana-Armendariz, M. (Mikel), di Cella, U. M. (Umberto Morra), Moersdorf, M. (Martin), Mosedale, J. R. (Jonathan R.), Muffler, L. (Lena), Munoz-Rojas, M. (Miriam), Myers, J. A. (Jonathan A.), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Nagy, L. (Laszlo), Nardino, M. (Marianna), Naujokaitis-Lewis, I. (Ilona), Newling, E. (Emily), Nicklas, L. (Lena), Niedrist, G. (Georg), Niessner, A. (Armin), Nilsson, M. B. (Mats B.), Normand, S. (Signe), Nosetto, M. D. (Marcelo D.), Nouvellon, Y. (Yann), Nunez, M. A. (Martin A.), Ogaya, R. (Roma), Ogee, J. (Jerome), Okello, J. (Joseph), Olejnik, J. (Janusz), Olesen, J. E. (Jorgen Eivind), Opedal, O. H. (Oystein H.), Orsenigo, S. (Simone), Palaj, A. (Andrej), Pampuch, T. (Timo), Panov, A. V. (Alexey V.), Pärtel, M. (Meelis), Pastor, A. (Ada), Pauchard, A. (Aníbal), Pauli, H. (Harald), Pavelka, M. (Marian), Pearse, W. D. (William D.), Peichl, M. (Matthias), Pellissier, L. (Loïc), Penczykowski, R. M. (Rachel M.), Penuelas, J. (Josep), Petit Bon, M. (Matteo), Petraglia, A. (Alessandro), Phartyal, S. S. (Shyam S.), Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.), Pio, C. (Casimiro), Pitacco, A. (Andrea), Pitteloud, C. (Camille), Plichta, R. (Roman), Porro, F. (Francesco), Portillo-Estrada, M. (Miguel), Poulenard, J. (Jérôme), Poyatos, R. (Rafael), Prokushkin, A. S. (Anatoly S.), Puchalka, R. (Radoslaw), Pușcaș, M. (Mihai), Radujković, D. (Dajana), Randall, K. (Krystal), Ratier Backes, A. (Amanda), Remmele, S. (Sabine), Remmers, W. (Wolfram), Renault, D. (David), Risch, A. C. (Anita C.), Rixen, C. (Christian), Robinson, S. A. (Sharon A.), Robroek, B. J. (Bjorn J. M.), Rocha, A. V. (Adrian V.), Rossi, C. (Christian), Rossi, G. (Graziano), Roupsard, O. (Olivier), Rubtsov, A. V. (Alexey V.), Saccone, P. (Patrick), Sagot, C. (Clotilde), Sallo Bravo, J. (Jhonatan), Santos, C. C. (Cinthya C.), Sarneel, J. M. (Judith M.), Scharnweber, T. (Tobias), Schmeddes, J. (Jonas), Schmidt, M. (Marius), Scholten, T. (Thomas), Schuchardt, M. (Max), Schwartz, N. (Naomi), Scott, T. (Tony), Seeber, J. (Julia), Segalin De Andrade, A. C. (Ana Cristina), Seipel, T. (Tim), Semenchuk, P. (Philipp), Senior, R. A. (Rebecca A.), Serra-Diaz, J. M. (Josep M.), Sewerniak, P. (Piotr), Shekhar, A. (Ankit), Sidenko, N. V. (Nikita V.), Siebicke, L. (Lukas), Siegwart Collier, L. (Laura), Simpson, E. (Elizabeth), Siqueira, D. P. (David P.), Sitková, Z. (Zuzana), Six, J. (Johan), Smiljanic, M. (Marko), Smith, S. W. (Stuart W.), Smith-Tripp, S. (Sarah), Somers, B. (Ben), Sørensen, M. V. (Mia Vedel), Souza, J. J. (José João L. L.), Souza, B. I. (Bartolomeu Israel), Dias, A. S. (Arildo Souza), Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.), Speed, J. D. (James D. M.), Spicher, F. (Fabien), Stanisci, A. (Angela), Steinbauer, K. (Klaus), Steinbrecher, R. (Rainer), Steinwandter, M. (Michael), Stemkovski, M. (Michael), Stephan, J. G. (Jörg G.), Stiegler, C. (Christian), Stoll, S. (Stefan), Svátek, M. (Martin), Svoboda, M. (Miroslav), Tagesson, T. (Torbern), Tanentzap, A. J. (Andrew J.), Tanneberger, F. (Franziska), Theurillat, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Thomas, H. J. (Haydn J. D.), Thomas, A. D. (Andrew D.), Tielbörger, K. (Katja), Tomaselli, M. (Marcello), Treier, U. A. (Urs Albert), Trouillier, M. (Mario), Turtureanu, P. D. (Pavel Dan), Tutton, R. (Rosamond), Tyystjärvi, V. A. (Vilna A.), Ueyama, M. (Masahito), Ujházy, K. (Karol), Ujházyová, M. (Mariana), Uogintas, D. (Domas), Urban, A. V. (Anastasiya V.), Urban, J. (Josef), Urbaniak, M. (Marek), Ursu, T.-M. (Tudor-Mihai), Vaccari, F. P. (Francesco Primo), Van De Vondel, S. (Stijn), Van Den Brink, L. (Liesbeth), Van Geel, M. (Maarten), Vandvik, V. (Vigdis), Vangansbeke, P. (Pieter), Varlagin, A. (Andrej), Veen, G. F. (G. F.), Veenendaal, E. (Elmar), Venn, S. E. (Susanna E.), Verbeeck, H. (Hans), Verbrugggen, E. (Erik), Verheijen, F. G. (Frank G. A.), Villar, L. (Luis), Vitale, L. (Luca), Vittoz, P. (Pascal), Vives-Ingla, M. (Maria), Von Oppen, J. (Jonathan), Walz, J. (Josefine), Wang, R. (Runxi), Wang, Y. (Yifeng), Way, R. G. (Robert G.), Wedegärtner, R. E. (Ronja E. M.), Weigel, R. (Robert), Wild, J. (Jan), Wilkinson, M. (Matthew), Wilmking, M. (Martin), Wingate, L. (Lisa), Winkler, M. (Manuela), Wipf, S. (Sonja), Wohlfahrt, G. (Georg), Xenakis, G. (Georgios), Yang, Y. (Yan), Yu, Z. (Zicheng), Yu, K. (Kailiang), Zellweger, F. (Florian), Zhang, J. (Jian), Zhang, Z. (Zhaochen), Zhao, P. (Peng), Ziemblińska, K. (Klaudia), Zimmermann, R. (Reiner), Zong, S. (Shengwei), Zyryanov, V. I. (Viacheslav I.), Nijs, I. (Ivan), Lenoir, J. (Jonathan), Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.), van den Hoogen, J. (Johan), Aalto, J. (Juha), Ashcroft, M. B. (Michael B.), De Frenne, P. (Pieter), Kemppinen, J. (Julia), Kopecky, M. (Martin), Luoto, M. (Miska), Maclean, I. M. (Ilya M. D.), Crowther, T. W. (Thomas W.), Bailey, J. J. (Joseph J.), Haesen, S. (Stef), Klinges, D. H. (David H.), Niittynen, P. (Pekka), Scheffers, B. R. (Brett R.), Van Meerbeek, K. (Koenraad), Aartsma, P. (Peter), Abdalaze, O. (Otar), Abedi, M. (Mehdi), Aerts, R. (Rien), Ahmadian, N. (Negar), Ahrends, A. (Antje), Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.), Alexander, J. M. (Jake M.), Allonsius, C. N. (Camille Nina), Altman, J. (Jan), Ammann, C. (Christof), Andres, C. (Christian), Andrews, C. (Christopher), Ardo, J. (Jonas), Arriga, N. (Nicola), Arzac, A. (Alberto), Aschero, V. (Valeria), Assis, R. L. (Rafael L.), Assmann, J. J. (Jakob Johann), Bader, M. Y. (Maaike Y.), Bahalkeh, K. (Khadijeh), Barancok, P. (Peter), Barrio, I. C. (Isabel C.), Barros, A. (Agustina), Barthel, M. (Matti), Basham, E. W. (Edmund W.), Bauters, M. (Marijn), Bazzichetto, M. (Manuele), Marchesini, L. B. (Luca Belelli), Bell, M. C. (Michael C.), Benavides, J. C. (Juan C.), Benito Alonso, J. L. (Jose Luis), Berauer, B. J. (Bernd J.), Bjerke, J. W. (Jarle W.), Bjork, R. G. (Robert G.), Bjorkman, M. P. (Mats P.), Bjornsdottir, K. (Katrin), Blonder, B. (Benjamin), Boeckx, P. (Pascal), Boike, J. (Julia), Bokhorst, S. (Stef), Brum, B. N. (Barbara N. S.), Bruna, J. (Josef), Buchmann, N. (Nina), Buysse, P. (Pauline), Camargo, J. L. (Jose Luis), Campoe, O. C. (Otavio C.), Candan, O. (Onur), Canessa, R. (Rafaella), Cannone, N. (Nicoletta), Carbognani, M. (Michele), Carnicer, J. (Jofre), Casanova-Katny, A. (Angelica), Cesarz, S. (Simone), Chojnicki, B. (Bogdan), Choler, P. (Philippe), Chown, S. L. (Steven L.), Cifuentes, E. F. (Edgar F.), Ciliak, M. (Marek), Contador, T. (Tamara), Convey, P. (Peter), Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.), Cremonese, E. (Edoardo), Curasi, S. R. (Salvatore R.), Curtis, R. (Robin), Cutini, M. (Maurizio), Dahlberg, C. J. (C. Johan), Daskalova, G. N. (Gergana N.), Angel de Pablo, M. (Miguel), Della Chiesa, S. (Stefano), Dengler, J. (Juergen), Deronde, B. (Bart), Descombes, P. (Patrice), Di Cecco, V. (Valter), Di Musciano, M. (Michele), Dick, J. (Jan), Dimarco, R. D. (Romina D.), Dolezal, J. (Jiri), Dorrepaal, E. (Ellen), Dusek, J. (Jiri), Eisenhauer, N. (Nico), Eklundh, L. (Lars), Erickson, T. E. (Todd E.), Erschbamer, B. (Brigitta), Eugster, W. (Werner), Ewers, R. M. (Robert M.), Exton, D. A. (Dan A.), Fanin, N. (Nicolas), Fazlioglu, F. (Fatih), Feigenwinter, I. (Iris), Fenu, G. (Giuseppe), Ferlian, O. (Olga), Fernandez Calzado, M. R. (M. Rosa), Fernandez-Pascual, E. (Eduardo), Finckh, M. (Manfred), Higgens, R. F. (Rebecca Finger), Forte, T. G. (T'ai G. W.), Freeman, E. C. (Erika C.), Frei, E. R. (Esther R.), Fuentes-Lillo, E. (Eduardo), Garcia, R. A. (Rafael A.), Garcia, M. B. (Maria B.), Geron, C. (Charly), Gharun, M. (Mana), Ghosn, D. (Dany), Gigauri, K. (Khatuna), Gobin, A. (Anne), Goded, I. (Ignacio), Goeckede, M. (Mathias), Gottschall, F. (Felix), Goulding, K. (Keith), Govaert, S. (Sanne), Graae, B. J. (Bente Jessen), Greenwood, S. (Sarah), Greiser, C. (Caroline), Grelle, A. (Achim), Guenard, B. (Benoit), Guglielmin, M. (Mauro), Guillemot, J. (Joannes), Haase, P. (Peter), Haider, S. (Sylvia), Halbritter, A. H. (Aud H.), Hamid, M. (Maroof), Hammerle, A. (Albin), Hampe, A. (Arndt), Haugum, S. V. (Siri, V), Hederova, L. (Lucia), Heinesch, B. (Bernard), Helfter, C. (Carole), Hepenstrick, D. (Daniel), Herberich, M. (Maximiliane), Herbst, M. (Mathias), Hermanutz, L. (Luise), Hik, D. S. (David S.), Hoffren, R. (Raul), Homeier, J. (Juergen), Hörtnagl, L. (Lukas), Hoye, T. T. (Toke T.), Hrbacek, F. (Filip), Hylander, K. (Kristoffer), Iwata, H. (Hiroki), Jackowicz-Korczynski, M. A. (Marcin Antoni), Jactel, H. (Herve), Jarveoja, J. (Jarvi), Jastrzebowski, S. (Szymon), Jentsch, A. (Anke), Jimenez, J. J. (Juan J.), Jonsdottir, I. S. (Ingibjorg S.), Jucker, T. (Tommaso), Jump, A. S. (Alistair S.), Juszczak, R. (Radoslaw), Kanka, R. (Robert), Kaspar, V. (Vit), Kazakis, G. (George), Kelly, J. (Julia), Khuroo, A. A. (Anzar A.), Klemedtsson, L. (Leif), Klisz, M. (Marcin), Kljun, N. (Natascha), Knohl, A. (Alexander), Kobler, J. (Johannes), Kollar, J. (Jozef), Kotowska, M. M. (Martyna M.), Kovacs, B. (Bence), Kreyling, J. (Juergen), Lamprecht, A. (Andrea), Lang, S. I. (Simone, I), Larson, C. (Christian), Larson, K. (Keith), Laska, K. (Kamil), Maire, G. I. (Guerric Ie), Leihy, R. I. (Rachel, I), Lens, L. (Luc), Liljebladh, B. (Bengt), Lohila, A. (Annalea), Lorite, J. (Juan), Loubet, B. (Benjamin), Lynn, J. (Joshua), Macek, M. (Martin), Mackenzie, R. (Roy), Magliulo, E. (Enzo), Maier, R. (Regine), Malfasi, F. (Francesco), Malis, F. (Frantisek), Man, M. (Matej), Manca, G. (Giovanni), Manco, A. (Antonio), Manise, T. (Tanguy), Manolaki, P. (Paraskevi), Marciniak, F. (Felipe), Matula, R. (Radim), Clara Mazzolari, A. (Ana), Medinets, S. (Sergiy), Medinets, V. (Volodymyr), Meeussen, C. (Camille), Merinero, S. (Sonia), Guimaraes Mesquita, R. d. (Rita de Cassia), Meusburger, K. (Katrin), Meysman, F. J. (Filip J. R.), Michaletz, S. T. (Sean T.), Milbau, A. (Ann), Moiseev, D. (Dmitry), Moiseev, P. (Pavel), Mondoni, A. (Andrea), Monfries, R. (Ruth), Montagnani, L. (Leonardo), Moriana-Armendariz, M. (Mikel), di Cella, U. M. (Umberto Morra), Moersdorf, M. (Martin), Mosedale, J. R. (Jonathan R.), Muffler, L. (Lena), Munoz-Rojas, M. (Miriam), Myers, J. A. (Jonathan A.), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Nagy, L. (Laszlo), Nardino, M. (Marianna), Naujokaitis-Lewis, I. (Ilona), Newling, E. (Emily), Nicklas, L. (Lena), Niedrist, G. (Georg), Niessner, A. (Armin), Nilsson, M. B. (Mats B.), Normand, S. (Signe), Nosetto, M. D. (Marcelo D.), Nouvellon, Y. (Yann), Nunez, M. A. (Martin A.), Ogaya, R. (Roma), Ogee, J. (Jerome), Okello, J. (Joseph), Olejnik, J. (Janusz), Olesen, J. E. (Jorgen Eivind), Opedal, O. H. (Oystein H.), Orsenigo, S. (Simone), Palaj, A. (Andrej), Pampuch, T. (Timo), Panov, A. V. (Alexey V.), Pärtel, M. (Meelis), Pastor, A. (Ada), Pauchard, A. (Aníbal), Pauli, H. (Harald), Pavelka, M. (Marian), Pearse, W. D. (William D.), Peichl, M. (Matthias), Pellissier, L. (Loïc), Penczykowski, R. M. (Rachel M.), Penuelas, J. (Josep), Petit Bon, M. (Matteo), Petraglia, A. (Alessandro), Phartyal, S. S. (Shyam S.), Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.), Pio, C. (Casimiro), Pitacco, A. (Andrea), Pitteloud, C. (Camille), Plichta, R. (Roman), Porro, F. (Francesco), Portillo-Estrada, M. (Miguel), Poulenard, J. (Jérôme), Poyatos, R. (Rafael), Prokushkin, A. S. (Anatoly S.), Puchalka, R. (Radoslaw), Pușcaș, M. (Mihai), Radujković, D. (Dajana), Randall, K. (Krystal), Ratier Backes, A. (Amanda), Remmele, S. (Sabine), Remmers, W. (Wolfram), Renault, D. (David), Risch, A. C. (Anita C.), Rixen, C. (Christian), Robinson, S. A. (Sharon A.), Robroek, B. J. (Bjorn J. M.), Rocha, A. V. (Adrian V.), Rossi, C. (Christian), Rossi, G. (Graziano), Roupsard, O. (Olivier), Rubtsov, A. V. (Alexey V.), Saccone, P. (Patrick), Sagot, C. (Clotilde), Sallo Bravo, J. (Jhonatan), Santos, C. C. (Cinthya C.), Sarneel, J. M. (Judith M.), Scharnweber, T. (Tobias), Schmeddes, J. (Jonas), Schmidt, M. (Marius), Scholten, T. (Thomas), Schuchardt, M. (Max), Schwartz, N. (Naomi), Scott, T. (Tony), Seeber, J. (Julia), Segalin De Andrade, A. C. (Ana Cristina), Seipel, T. (Tim), Semenchuk, P. (Philipp), Senior, R. A. (Rebecca A.), Serra-Diaz, J. M. (Josep M.), Sewerniak, P. (Piotr), Shekhar, A. (Ankit), Sidenko, N. V. (Nikita V.), Siebicke, L. (Lukas), Siegwart Collier, L. (Laura), Simpson, E. (Elizabeth), Siqueira, D. P. (David P.), Sitková, Z. (Zuzana), Six, J. (Johan), Smiljanic, M. (Marko), Smith, S. W. (Stuart W.), Smith-Tripp, S. (Sarah), Somers, B. (Ben), Sørensen, M. V. (Mia Vedel), Souza, J. J. (José João L. L.), Souza, B. I. (Bartolomeu Israel), Dias, A. S. (Arildo Souza), Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.), Speed, J. D. (James D. M.), Spicher, F. (Fabien), Stanisci, A. (Angela), Steinbauer, K. (Klaus), Steinbrecher, R. (Rainer), Steinwandter, M. (Michael), Stemkovski, M. (Michael), Stephan, J. G. (Jörg G.), Stiegler, C. (Christian), Stoll, S. (Stefan), Svátek, M. (Martin), Svoboda, M. (Miroslav), Tagesson, T. (Torbern), Tanentzap, A. J. (Andrew J.), Tanneberger, F. (Franziska), Theurillat, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Thomas, H. J. (Haydn J. D.), Thomas, A. D. (Andrew D.), Tielbörger, K. (Katja), Tomaselli, M. (Marcello), Treier, U. A. (Urs Albert), Trouillier, M. (Mario), Turtureanu, P. D. (Pavel Dan), Tutton, R. (Rosamond), Tyystjärvi, V. A. (Vilna A.), Ueyama, M. (Masahito), Ujházy, K. (Karol), Ujházyová, M. (Mariana), Uogintas, D. (Domas), Urban, A. V. (Anastasiya V.), Urban, J. (Josef), Urbaniak, M. (Marek), Ursu, T.-M. (Tudor-Mihai), Vaccari, F. P. (Francesco Primo), Van De Vondel, S. (Stijn), Van Den Brink, L. (Liesbeth), Van Geel, M. (Maarten), Vandvik, V. (Vigdis), Vangansbeke, P. (Pieter), Varlagin, A. (Andrej), Veen, G. F. (G. F.), Veenendaal, E. (Elmar), Venn, S. E. (Susanna E.), Verbeeck, H. (Hans), Verbrugggen, E. (Erik), Verheijen, F. G. (Frank G. A.), Villar, L. (Luis), Vitale, L. (Luca), Vittoz, P. (Pascal), Vives-Ingla, M. (Maria), Von Oppen, J. (Jonathan), Walz, J. (Josefine), Wang, R. (Runxi), Wang, Y. (Yifeng), Way, R. G. (Robert G.), Wedegärtner, R. E. (Ronja E. M.), Weigel, R. (Robert), Wild, J. (Jan), Wilkinson, M. (Matthew), Wilmking, M. (Martin), Wingate, L. (Lisa), Winkler, M. (Manuela), Wipf, S. (Sonja), Wohlfahrt, G. (Georg), Xenakis, G. (Georgios), Yang, Y. (Yan), Yu, Z. (Zicheng), Yu, K. (Kailiang), Zellweger, F. (Florian), Zhang, J. (Jian), Zhang, Z. (Zhaochen), Zhao, P. (Peng), Ziemblińska, K. (Klaudia), Zimmermann, R. (Reiner), Zong, S. (Shengwei), Zyryanov, V. I. (Viacheslav I.), Nijs, I. (Ivan), and Lenoir, J. (Jonathan)

Abstract

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km² resolution for 0‐5 and 5‐15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1‐km² pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world’s major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10° degrees C (mean = 3.0 +/‐ 2.1° degrees C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 +/‐2.3° degrees C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (‐0.7 +/‐ 2.3° degrees C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological

Published
2022

13. Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Author

Pedersen, Å. Ø., Convey, P., Newsham, K. K., Mosbacher, J. B., Fuglei, E., Ravolainen, V., Hansen, B. B., Jensen, T. C., Augusti, A., Biersma, E. M., Cooper, E. J., Coulson, S. J., Gabrielsen, G. W., Gallet, J. C., Karsten, U., Kristiansen, S. M., Svenning, M. M., Tveit, A. T., Uchida, M., Baneschi, I., Calizza, E., Cannone, N., de Goede, E. M., Doveri, M., Elster, J., Giamberini, M. S., Hayashi, K., Lang, S. I., Lee, Y. K., Nakatsubo, T., Pasquali, V., Paulsen, I. M.G., Pedersen, C., Peng, F., Provenzale, A., Pushkareva, E., Sandström, C. A.M., Sklet, V., Stach, A., Tojo, M., Tytgat, B., Tømmervik, H., Velazquez, D., Verleyen, E., Welker, J. M., Yao, Y.-F., Loonen, M. J. J. E., Pedersen, Å. Ø., Convey, P., Newsham, K. K., Mosbacher, J. B., Fuglei, E., Ravolainen, V., Hansen, B. B., Jensen, T. C., Augusti, A., Biersma, E. M., Cooper, E. J., Coulson, S. J., Gabrielsen, G. W., Gallet, J. C., Karsten, U., Kristiansen, S. M., Svenning, M. M., Tveit, A. T., Uchida, M., Baneschi, I., Calizza, E., Cannone, N., de Goede, E. M., Doveri, M., Elster, J., Giamberini, M. S., Hayashi, K., Lang, S. I., Lee, Y. K., Nakatsubo, T., Pasquali, V., Paulsen, I. M.G., Pedersen, C., Peng, F., Provenzale, A., Pushkareva, E., Sandström, C. A.M., Sklet, V., Stach, A., Tojo, M., Tytgat, B., Tømmervik, H., Velazquez, D., Verleyen, E., Welker, J. M., Yao, Y.-F., and Loonen, M. J. J. E.

Abstract

For more than five decades, research has been conducted at Ny-Ålesund, in Svalbard, Norway, to understand the structure and functioning of High-Arctic ecosystems and the profound impacts on them of environmental change. Terrestrial, freshwater, glacial and marine ecosystems are accessible year-round.

Published
2022

14. Fungal communities in European alpine soils are not affected by short-term in situ simulated warming than bacterial communities

Author

Sannino, C, Cannone, N, D'Alo, F, Franzetti, A, Gandolfi, I, Pittino, F, Turchetti, B, Mezzasoma, A, Zucconi, L, Buzzini, P, Guglielmin, M, Onofri, S, Sannino, C, Cannone, N, D'Alo, F, Franzetti, A, Gandolfi, I, Pittino, F, Turchetti, B, Mezzasoma, A, Zucconi, L, Buzzini, P, Guglielmin, M, and Onofri, S

Abstract

The impact of global warming on biological communities colonizing European alpine ecosystems was recently studied. Hexagonal open top chambers (OTCs) were used for simulating a short-term in situ warming (estimated around 1°C) in some alpine soils to predict the impact of ongoing climate change on resident microbial communities. Total microbial DNA was extracted from soils collected either inside or outside the OTCs over 3 years of study. Bacterial and fungal rRNA copies were quantified by qPCR. Metabarcoding sequencing of taxonomy target genes was performed (Illumina MiSeq) and processed by bioinformatic tools. Alpha- and beta-diversity were used to evaluate the structure of bacterial and fungal communities. qPCR suggests that, although fluctuations have been observed between soils collected either inside and outside the OTCs, the simulated warming induced a significant (p < 0.05) shift only for bacterial abundance. Likewise, significant (p < 0.05) changes in bacterial community structure were detected in soils collected inside the OTCs, with a clear increase of oligotrophic taxa. On the contrary, fungal diversity of soils collected either inside and outside the OTCs did not exhibit significant (p < 0.05) differences, suggesting that the temperature increase in OTCs compared to ambient conditions was not sufficient to change fungal communities.

Published
2022

15. The tundra phenology database: More than two decades of tundra phenology responses to climate change

Author

Prevéy, J. S., Elmendorf, S. C., Bjorkman, A., Alatalo, J. M., Ashton, I., Assmann, J. J., Björk, R. G., Björkman, M. P., Cannone, N., Carbognani, M., Chisholm, C., Clark, K., Collins, C. G., Cooper, E. J., Elberling, B., Frei, E. R., Henry, G. R. H., Hollister, R. D., Høye, T. T., Jónsdóttir, I. S., Kerby, J. T., Klanderud, K., Kopp, C., Levesque, E., Mauritz, M., Molau, U., Myers-Smith, I. H., Natali, S. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Panchen, Z., Petraglia, A., Post, E., Rixen, C., Rodenhizer, H., Rumpf, S. B., Schmidt, N. M., Schuur, T., Semenchuk, P., Smith, J. G., Suding, K., Totland, Ø, Troxler, T., Wahren, H., Welker, J. M., Wipf, S., Yang, Y., Prevéy, J. S., Elmendorf, S. C., Bjorkman, A., Alatalo, J. M., Ashton, I., Assmann, J. J., Björk, R. G., Björkman, M. P., Cannone, N., Carbognani, M., Chisholm, C., Clark, K., Collins, C. G., Cooper, E. J., Elberling, B., Frei, E. R., Henry, G. R. H., Hollister, R. D., Høye, T. T., Jónsdóttir, I. S., Kerby, J. T., Klanderud, K., Kopp, C., Levesque, E., Mauritz, M., Molau, U., Myers-Smith, I. H., Natali, S. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Panchen, Z., Petraglia, A., Post, E., Rixen, C., Rodenhizer, H., Rumpf, S. B., Schmidt, N. M., Schuur, T., Semenchuk, P., Smith, J. G., Suding, K., Totland, Ø, Troxler, T., Wahren, H., Welker, J. M., Wipf, S., and Yang, Y.

Abstract

Observations of changes in phenology have provided some of the strongest signals of the effects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. The International Tundra Experiment (ITEX), initiated in the early 1990s, established a common protocol to measure plant phenology in tundra study areas across the globe. Today, this valuable collec-tion of phenology measurements depicts the responses of plants at the colder extremes of our planet to experimental and ambient changes in temperature over the past decades. The database contains 150 434 phenology observations of 278 plant species taken at 28 study areas for periods of 1–26 years. Here we describe the full data set to increase the visibility and use of these data in global analyses and to invite phenology data contributions from underrepresented tundra locations. Portions of this tundra phenology database have been used in three recent syntheses, some data sets are expanded, others are from entirely new study areas, and the entirety of these data are now available at the Polar Data Catalogue (https://doi.org/10.21963/13215). Résumé Les observations des changements dans la phénologie ont fourni certains des signaux les plus forts des effets du changement climatique sur les écosystèmes terrestres. L’expérience internationale sur la toundra ITEX (International Tundra Experiment), lancée au début des années 1990, a établi un protocole commun pour mesurer la phénologie des plantes dans les zones d’étude de la toundra à travers le monde. Aujourd’hui, cette précieuse collection de mesures phénologiques décrit les réponses des plantes des régions les plus froides de notre planète aux changements expérimentaux et ambiants de température au cours des dernières décennies. La base de données contient 150 434 observations phénologiques de 278 espèces de plantes prises dans 28 zones d’étude sur des périodes allant de 1 à 26 ans. Les auteurs décrivent ici l’ensemble des données afin d’accroître la visibilité et l’utilisat

Published
2022

16. Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Author

Pedersen, Å.Ø., primary, Convey, P., additional, Newsham, K.K., additional, Mosbacher, J.B., additional, Fuglei, E., additional, Ravolainen, V., additional, Hansen, B.B., additional, Jensen, T.C., additional, Augusti, A., additional, Biersma, E.M., additional, Cooper, E.J., additional, Coulson, S.J., additional, Gabrielsen, G.W., additional, Gallet, J.C., additional, Karsten, U., additional, Kristiansen, S.M., additional, Svenning, M.M., additional, Tveit, A.T., additional, Uchida, M., additional, Baneschi, I., additional, Calizza, E., additional, Cannone, N., additional, de Goede, E.M., additional, Doveri, M., additional, Elster, J., additional, Giamberini, M.S., additional, Hayashi, K., additional, Lang, S.I., additional, Lee, Y.K., additional, Nakatsubo, T., additional, Pasquali, V., additional, Paulsen, I.M.G., additional, Pedersen, C., additional, Peng, F., additional, Provenzale, A., additional, Pushkareva, E., additional, Sandström, C.A.M., additional, Sklet, V., additional, Stach, A., additional, Tojo, M., additional, Tytgat, B., additional, Tømmervik, H., additional, Velazquez, D., additional, Verleyen, E., additional, Welker, J.M., additional, Yao, Y.-F., additional, and Loonen, M.J.J.E., additional

Published
2022
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19. Global maps of soil temperature

Author

Lembrechts, JJ, van den Hoogen, J, Aalto, J, Ashcroft, MB, De Frenne, P, Kemppinen, J, Kopecký, M, Luoto, M, Maclean, IMD, Crowther, TW, Bailey, JJ, Haesen, S, Klinges, DH, Niittynen, P, Scheffers, BR, Van Meerbeek, K, Aartsma, P, Abdalaze, O, Abedi, M, Aerts, R, Ahmadian, N, Ahrends, A, Alatalo, JM, Alexander, JM, Nina Allonsius, C, Altman, J, Ammann, C, Andres, C, Andrews, C, Ardö, J, Arriga, N, Arzac, A, Aschero, V, Assis, RL, Johann Assmann, J, Bader, MY, Bahalkeh, K, Barančok, P, Barrio, IC, Barros, A, Barthel, M, Basham, EW, Bauters, M, Bazzichetto, M, Belelli Marchesini, L, Bell, MC, Benavides, JC, Luis Benito Alonso, J, Berauer, BJ, Bjerke, JW, Björk, RG, Björkman, MP, Björnsdóttir, K, Blonder, B, Boeckx, P, Boike, J, Bokhorst, S, Brum, BNS, Brůna, J, Buchmann, N, Buysse, P, Luís Camargo, J, Campoe, OC, Candan, O, Canessa, R, Cannone, N, Carbognani, M, Carnicer, J, Casanova‐Katny, A, Cesarz, S, Chojnicki, B, Choler, P, Chown, SL, Cifuentes, EF, Čiliak, M, Contador, T, Convey, P, Cooper, EJ, Cremonese, E, Curasi, SR, Curtis, R, Cutini, M, Johan Dahlberg, C, Daskalova, GN, Angel de Pablo, M, Della Chiesa, S, Dengler, J, Deronde, B, Descombes, P, Di Cecco, V, Di Musciano, M, Dick, J, Dimarco, RD, Dolezal, J, Dorrepaal, E, Dušek, J, Eisenhauer, N, Eklundh, L, Erickson, TE, Erschbamer, B, Eugster, W, Ewers, RM, Exton, DA, Fanin, N, Fazlioglu, F, Feigenwinter, I, Fenu, G, Ferlian, O, Rosa Fernández Calzado, M, Fernández‐Pascual, E, Finckh, M, Finger Higgens, R, Forte, TGW, Freeman, EC, Frei, ER, Fuentes‐Lillo, E, García, RA, García, MB, Géron, C, Gharun, M, Ghosn, D, Gigauri, K, Gobin, A, Goded, I, Goeckede, M, Gottschall, F, Goulding, K, Govaert, S, Jessen Graae, B, Greenwood, S, Greiser, C, Grelle, A, Guénard, B, Guglielmin, M, Guillemot, J, Haase, P, Haider, S, Halbritter, AH, Hamid, M, Hammerle, A, Hampe, A, Haugum, SV, Hederová, L, Heinesch, B, Helfter, C, Hepenstrick, D, Herberich, M, Herbst, M, Hermanutz, L, Hik, DS, Hoffrén, R, Homeier, J, Hörtnagl, L, Høye, TT, Hrbacek, F, Hylander, K, Iwata, H, Antoni Jackowicz‐Korczynski, M, Jactel, H, Järveoja, J, Jastrzębowski, S, Jentsch, A, Jiménez, JJ, Jónsdóttir, IS, Jucker, T, Jump, AS, Juszczak, R, Kanka, R, Kašpar, V, Kazakis, G, Kelly, J, Khuroo, AA, Klemedtsson, L, Klisz, M, Kljun, N, Knohl, A, Kobler, J, Kollár, J, Kotowska, MM, Kovács, B, Kreyling, J, Lamprecht, A, Lang, SI, Larson, C, Larson, K, Laska, K, le Maire, G, Leihy, RI, Lens, L, Liljebladh, B, Lohila, A, Lorite, J, Loubet, B, Lynn, J, Macek, M, Mackenzie, R, Magliulo, E, Maier, R, Malfasi, F, Máliš, F, Man, M, Manca, G, Manco, A, Manise, T, Manolaki, P, Marciniak, F, Matula, R, Clara Mazzolari, A, Medinets, S, Medinets, V, Meeussen, C, Merinero, S, de Cássia Guimarães Mesquita, R, Meusburger, K, Meysman, FJR, Michaletz, ST, Milbau, A, Moiseev, D, Moiseev, P, Mondoni, A, Monfries, R, Montagnani, L, Moriana‐Armendariz, M, Morra di Cella, U, Mörsdorf, M, Mosedale, JR, Muffler, L, Muñoz‐Rojas, M, Myers, JA, Myers‐Smith, IH, Nagy, L, Nardino, M, Naujokaitis‐Lewis, I, Newling, Emily, Nicklas, L, Niedrist, G, Niessner, A, Nilsson, MB, Normand, S, Nosetto, MD, Nouvellon, Y, Nuñez, MA, Ogaya, R, Ogée, J, Okello, J, Olejnik, J, Eivind Olesen, J, Opedal, Ø, Orsenigo, S, Palaj, A, Pampuch, T, Panov, AV, Pärtel, M, Pastor, A, Pauchard, A, Pauli, H, Pavelka, M, Pearse, WD, Peichl, M, Pellissier, L, Penczykowski, RM, Penuelas, J, Petit Bon, M, Petraglia, A, Phartyal, SS, Phoenix, GK, Pio, C, Pitacco, A, Pitteloud, C, Plichta, R, Porro, F, Portillo‐Estrada, M, Poulenard, J, Poyatos, R, Prokushkin, AS, Puchalka, R, Pușcaș, M, Radujković, D, Randall, K, Ratier Backes, A, Remmele, S, Remmers, W, Renault, D, Risch, AC, Rixen, C, Robinson, SA, Robroek, BJM, Rocha, AV, Rossi, C, Rossi, G, Roupsard, O, Rubtsov, AV, Saccone, P, Sagot, C, Sallo Bravo, J, Santos, CC, Sarneel, JM, Scharnweber, T, Schmeddes, J, Schmidt, M, Scholten, T, Schuchardt, M, Schwartz, N, Scott, T, Seeber, J, Cristina Segalin de Andrade, A, Seipel, T, Semenchuk, P, Senior, RA, Serra‐Diaz, JM, Sewerniak, P, Shekhar, A, Sidenko, NV, Siebicke, L, Siegwart Collier, L, Simpson, E, Siqueira, DP, Sitková, Z, Six, J, Smiljanic, M, Smith, SW, Smith‐Tripp, S, Somers, B, Vedel Sørensen, M, João L. L. Souza, J, Israel Souza, B, Souza Dias, A, Spasojevic, MJ, Speed, JDM, Spicher, F, Stanisci, A, Steinbauer, K, Steinbrecher, R, Steinwandter, M, Stemkovski, M, Stephan, JG, Stiegler, C, Stoll, S, Svátek, M, Svoboda, M, Tagesson, T, Tanentzap, AJ, Tanneberger, F, Theurillat, J, Thomas, HJD, Thomas, AD, Tielbörger, K, Tomaselli, M, Albert Treier, U, Trouillier, M, Dan Turtureanu, P, Tutton, R, Tyystjärvi, VA, Ueyama, M, Ujházy, K, Ujházyová, M, Uogintas, D, Urban, AV, Urban, J, Urbaniak, M, Ursu, T, Primo Vaccari, F, Van de Vondel, S, van den Brink, L, Van Geel, M, Vandvik, V, Vangansbeke, P, Varlagin, A, Veen, GF, Veenendaal, E, Venn, Susanna, Verbeeck, H, Verbrugggen, E, Verheijen, FGA, Villar, L, Vitale, L, Vittoz, P, Vives‐Ingla, M, von Oppen, J, Walz, J, Wang, R, Wang, Y, Way, RG, Wedegärtner, REM, Weigel, R, Wild, J, Wilkinson, M, Wilmking, M, Wingate, L, Winkler, M, Wipf, S, Wohlfahrt, G, Xenakis, G, Yang, Y, Yu, Z, Yu, K, Zellweger, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, P, Ziemblińska, K, Zimmermann, R, Zong, S, Zyryanov, VI, Nijs, I, Lenoir, J, Lembrechts, JJ, van den Hoogen, J, Aalto, J, Ashcroft, MB, De Frenne, P, Kemppinen, J, Kopecký, M, Luoto, M, Maclean, IMD, Crowther, TW, Bailey, JJ, Haesen, S, Klinges, DH, Niittynen, P, Scheffers, BR, Van Meerbeek, K, Aartsma, P, Abdalaze, O, Abedi, M, Aerts, R, Ahmadian, N, Ahrends, A, Alatalo, JM, Alexander, JM, Nina Allonsius, C, Altman, J, Ammann, C, Andres, C, Andrews, C, Ardö, J, Arriga, N, Arzac, A, Aschero, V, Assis, RL, Johann Assmann, J, Bader, MY, Bahalkeh, K, Barančok, P, Barrio, IC, Barros, A, Barthel, M, Basham, EW, Bauters, M, Bazzichetto, M, Belelli Marchesini, L, Bell, MC, Benavides, JC, Luis Benito Alonso, J, Berauer, BJ, Bjerke, JW, Björk, RG, Björkman, MP, Björnsdóttir, K, Blonder, B, Boeckx, P, Boike, J, Bokhorst, S, Brum, BNS, Brůna, J, Buchmann, N, Buysse, P, Luís Camargo, J, Campoe, OC, Candan, O, Canessa, R, Cannone, N, Carbognani, M, Carnicer, J, Casanova‐Katny, A, Cesarz, S, Chojnicki, B, Choler, P, Chown, SL, Cifuentes, EF, Čiliak, M, Contador, T, Convey, P, Cooper, EJ, Cremonese, E, Curasi, SR, Curtis, R, Cutini, M, Johan Dahlberg, C, Daskalova, GN, Angel de Pablo, M, Della Chiesa, S, Dengler, J, Deronde, B, Descombes, P, Di Cecco, V, Di Musciano, M, Dick, J, Dimarco, RD, Dolezal, J, Dorrepaal, E, Dušek, J, Eisenhauer, N, Eklundh, L, Erickson, TE, Erschbamer, B, Eugster, W, Ewers, RM, Exton, DA, Fanin, N, Fazlioglu, F, Feigenwinter, I, Fenu, G, Ferlian, O, Rosa Fernández Calzado, M, Fernández‐Pascual, E, Finckh, M, Finger Higgens, R, Forte, TGW, Freeman, EC, Frei, ER, Fuentes‐Lillo, E, García, RA, García, MB, Géron, C, Gharun, M, Ghosn, D, Gigauri, K, Gobin, A, Goded, I, Goeckede, M, Gottschall, F, Goulding, K, Govaert, S, Jessen Graae, B, Greenwood, S, Greiser, C, Grelle, A, Guénard, B, Guglielmin, M, Guillemot, J, Haase, P, Haider, S, Halbritter, AH, Hamid, M, Hammerle, A, Hampe, A, Haugum, SV, Hederová, L, Heinesch, B, Helfter, C, Hepenstrick, D, Herberich, M, Herbst, M, Hermanutz, L, Hik, DS, Hoffrén, R, Homeier, J, Hörtnagl, L, Høye, TT, Hrbacek, F, Hylander, K, Iwata, H, Antoni Jackowicz‐Korczynski, M, Jactel, H, Järveoja, J, Jastrzębowski, S, Jentsch, A, Jiménez, JJ, Jónsdóttir, IS, Jucker, T, Jump, AS, Juszczak, R, Kanka, R, Kašpar, V, Kazakis, G, Kelly, J, Khuroo, AA, Klemedtsson, L, Klisz, M, Kljun, N, Knohl, A, Kobler, J, Kollár, J, Kotowska, MM, Kovács, B, Kreyling, J, Lamprecht, A, Lang, SI, Larson, C, Larson, K, Laska, K, le Maire, G, Leihy, RI, Lens, L, Liljebladh, B, Lohila, A, Lorite, J, Loubet, B, Lynn, J, Macek, M, Mackenzie, R, Magliulo, E, Maier, R, Malfasi, F, Máliš, F, Man, M, Manca, G, Manco, A, Manise, T, Manolaki, P, Marciniak, F, Matula, R, Clara Mazzolari, A, Medinets, S, Medinets, V, Meeussen, C, Merinero, S, de Cássia Guimarães Mesquita, R, Meusburger, K, Meysman, FJR, Michaletz, ST, Milbau, A, Moiseev, D, Moiseev, P, Mondoni, A, Monfries, R, Montagnani, L, Moriana‐Armendariz, M, Morra di Cella, U, Mörsdorf, M, Mosedale, JR, Muffler, L, Muñoz‐Rojas, M, Myers, JA, Myers‐Smith, IH, Nagy, L, Nardino, M, Naujokaitis‐Lewis, I, Newling, Emily, Nicklas, L, Niedrist, G, Niessner, A, Nilsson, MB, Normand, S, Nosetto, MD, Nouvellon, Y, Nuñez, MA, Ogaya, R, Ogée, J, Okello, J, Olejnik, J, Eivind Olesen, J, Opedal, Ø, Orsenigo, S, Palaj, A, Pampuch, T, Panov, AV, Pärtel, M, Pastor, A, Pauchard, A, Pauli, H, Pavelka, M, Pearse, WD, Peichl, M, Pellissier, L, Penczykowski, RM, Penuelas, J, Petit Bon, M, Petraglia, A, Phartyal, SS, Phoenix, GK, Pio, C, Pitacco, A, Pitteloud, C, Plichta, R, Porro, F, Portillo‐Estrada, M, Poulenard, J, Poyatos, R, Prokushkin, AS, Puchalka, R, Pușcaș, M, Radujković, D, Randall, K, Ratier Backes, A, Remmele, S, Remmers, W, Renault, D, Risch, AC, Rixen, C, Robinson, SA, Robroek, BJM, Rocha, AV, Rossi, C, Rossi, G, Roupsard, O, Rubtsov, AV, Saccone, P, Sagot, C, Sallo Bravo, J, Santos, CC, Sarneel, JM, Scharnweber, T, Schmeddes, J, Schmidt, M, Scholten, T, Schuchardt, M, Schwartz, N, Scott, T, Seeber, J, Cristina Segalin de Andrade, A, Seipel, T, Semenchuk, P, Senior, RA, Serra‐Diaz, JM, Sewerniak, P, Shekhar, A, Sidenko, NV, Siebicke, L, Siegwart Collier, L, Simpson, E, Siqueira, DP, Sitková, Z, Six, J, Smiljanic, M, Smith, SW, Smith‐Tripp, S, Somers, B, Vedel Sørensen, M, João L. L. Souza, J, Israel Souza, B, Souza Dias, A, Spasojevic, MJ, Speed, JDM, Spicher, F, Stanisci, A, Steinbauer, K, Steinbrecher, R, Steinwandter, M, Stemkovski, M, Stephan, JG, Stiegler, C, Stoll, S, Svátek, M, Svoboda, M, Tagesson, T, Tanentzap, AJ, Tanneberger, F, Theurillat, J, Thomas, HJD, Thomas, AD, Tielbörger, K, Tomaselli, M, Albert Treier, U, Trouillier, M, Dan Turtureanu, P, Tutton, R, Tyystjärvi, VA, Ueyama, M, Ujházy, K, Ujházyová, M, Uogintas, D, Urban, AV, Urban, J, Urbaniak, M, Ursu, T, Primo Vaccari, F, Van de Vondel, S, van den Brink, L, Van Geel, M, Vandvik, V, Vangansbeke, P, Varlagin, A, Veen, GF, Veenendaal, E, Venn, Susanna, Verbeeck, H, Verbrugggen, E, Verheijen, FGA, Villar, L, Vitale, L, Vittoz, P, Vives‐Ingla, M, von Oppen, J, Walz, J, Wang, R, Wang, Y, Way, RG, Wedegärtner, REM, Weigel, R, Wild, J, Wilkinson, M, Wilmking, M, Wingate, L, Winkler, M, Wipf, S, Wohlfahrt, G, Xenakis, G, Yang, Y, Yu, Z, Yu, K, Zellweger, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, P, Ziemblińska, K, Zimmermann, R, Zong, S, Zyryanov, VI, Nijs, I, and Lenoir, J

Published
2021

24. Author Correction: Warming shortens flowering seasons of tundra plant communities (Nature Ecology & Evolution, (2019), 3, 1, (45-52), 10.1038/s41559-018-0745-6)

Author

Prevéy, JS, Rixen, C, Rüger, N, Høye, TT, Bjorkman, AD, Myers-Smith, IH, Elmendorf, SC, Ashton, IW, Cannone, N, Chisholm, CL, Clark, K, Cooper, EJ, Elberling, B, Fosaa, AM, Henry, GHR, Hollister, RD, Jónsdóttir, IS, Klanderud, K, Kopp, CW, Lévesque, E, Mauritz, M, Molau, U, Natali, SM, Oberbauer, SF, Panchen, ZA, Post, E, Rumpf, SB, Schmidt, NM, Schuur, E, Semenchuk, PR, Smith, JG, Suding, KN, Totland, Ø, Troxler, T, Venn, Susanna, Wahren, CH, Welker, JM, Wipf, S, Prevéy, JS, Rixen, C, Rüger, N, Høye, TT, Bjorkman, AD, Myers-Smith, IH, Elmendorf, SC, Ashton, IW, Cannone, N, Chisholm, CL, Clark, K, Cooper, EJ, Elberling, B, Fosaa, AM, Henry, GHR, Hollister, RD, Jónsdóttir, IS, Klanderud, K, Kopp, CW, Lévesque, E, Mauritz, M, Molau, U, Natali, SM, Oberbauer, SF, Panchen, ZA, Post, E, Rumpf, SB, Schmidt, NM, Schuur, E, Semenchuk, PR, Smith, JG, Suding, KN, Totland, Ø, Troxler, T, Venn, Susanna, Wahren, CH, Welker, JM, and Wipf, S

Published
2019

25. The Bayelva high Arctic permafrost long-term observation site: an opportunity for joint international research on permafrost, atmosphere, ecology and snow

Author

Boike, Julia, Chadburn, S., Cannone, N., Schulz, Alexander, Biskaborn, Boris K., Maturilli, Marion, Masaki, Uchida, and Westermann, Sebastian

Abstract

Most permafrost is located in the Arctic, and in total it contains around 600Gt of frozen organic carbon. This represents several times the remaining budget for anthropogenic emissions if we are to limit global warming below 2ºC, and this carbon could have a significant impact on global climate if it is released to the atmosphere following permafrost thaw. At present, the Arctic climate is changing much more rapidly than the rest of the globe, and yet observational data density in the region is low. The positive feedback between climate warming and permafrost carbon emissions depends on changing land-atmosphere energy and mass exchanges. There is thus a great need to understand links between the energy balance, which can vary rapidly over hourly to annual time scales, and permafrost, which changes slowly over long time periods. This understanding mandates long-term observational data sets. There is also a need to realistically incorporate permafrost into global modelling frameworks such as Earth System Models. Evaluating and parameterising these process-based models especially requires simultaneous measurements of interacting variables. Here we present an example of such a long-term data set, from the Bayelva Site at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, where meteorology, energy balance components and subsurface observations have been made for the last 20 years. Additional data include a high resolution digital elevation model and a panchromatic image. This paper presents the data set produced so far, explains instrumentation, calibration, processing and data quality control, as well as the sources for various resulting data sets. The resulting data set is unique in the Arctic and serves a baseline for future studies. Since the data provide observations of temporally variable parameters that mitigate energy fluxes between permafrost and atmosphere, such as snow depth and soil moisture content, they are suitable for use in integrating, calibrating and testing permafrost as a component in Earth System Models. The data set also includes a high resolution digital elevation model that can be used together with the snow physical information for snow pack modeling. The data show that mean annual, summer and winter soil temperature data from shallow to deeper depths have been warming over the period of record, indicating the degradation of permafrost at this site. This site is one of only a handful of permafrost sites where long-term automatic monitoring has taken place and data are accessible. There is a great need for continuous monitoring at more sites, to span the full range of permafrost conditions. Monitoring is often limited by scientific project funding, typically lasting only 3 or 4 years. This will continue to present a challenge unless there is investment by governments to operationalise these networks.

Published
2017

30. Moss survival through in situ cryptobiosis after six centuries of glacier burial

Author

Cannone, N., Corinti, T., Malfasi, F., Gerola, P., Vianelli, A., Vanetti, I., Zaccara, S., Convey, P., Guglielmin, M., Cannone, N., Corinti, T., Malfasi, F., Gerola, P., Vianelli, A., Vanetti, I., Zaccara, S., Convey, P., and Guglielmin, M.

Abstract

Cryptobiosis is a reversible ametabolic state of life characterized by the ceasing of all metabolic processes, allowing survival of periods of intense adverse conditions. Here we show that 1) entire moss individuals, dated by 14C, survived through cryptobiosis during six centuries of cold-based glacier burial in Antarctica, 2) after re-exposure due to glacier retreat, instead of dying (due to high rates of respiration supporting repair processes), at least some of these mosses were able to return to a metabolically active state and remain alive. Moss survival was assessed through growth experiments and, for the first time, through vitality measurements. Future investigations on the genetic pathways involved in cryptobiosis and the subsequent recovery mechanisms will provide key information on their applicability to other systematic groups, with implications for fields as divergent as medicine, biodiversity conservation, agriculture and space exploration.

Published
2017

31. Vascular plant changes in extreme environments: effects of multiple drivers

Author

Cannone, N., Guglielmin, M., Convey, P., Worland, M.R., Favero Longo, S.E., Cannone, N., Guglielmin, M., Convey, P., Worland, M.R., and Favero Longo, S.E.

Abstract

The Antarctic Peninsula is one of three regions of the planet that have experienced the highest rates of climate warming over recent decades. Based on a comprehensive large-scale resurvey, allowing comparison of new (2009) and historical data (1960s), we show that the two native Antarctic vascular plant species have exhibited significant increases in number of occupied sites and percent cover since the 1960s: Deschampsia antarctica increasing in coverage by 191 % and in number of sites by 104 %. Colobanthus quitensis increasing in coverage by 208 % and number of sites by 35 %. These changes likely occurred in response to increases of 1.2 °C in summer air temperature over the same time period. Both species exhibited changes with elevation due to the interaction of multiple drivers (climatic factors and animal disturbance), producing heterogeneity of responses across an elevation gradient. Below an elevation of 20 m fur seal activity exerted negative impacts. Between 20 and 60 m, both plant species underwent considerable increases in the number of sites and percent cover, likely influenced by both climate warming and nutrient input from seals. Above an elevation threshold of 60 m the maximum elevation of the sites occupied decreased for both species, perhaps as a consequence of physical disturbance at higher elevations due to the permafrost conditions and/or the snow cover thickness and persistence. Understanding the role of disturbance drivers for vegetation change in cold regions may become a research priority to enable improved forecasting of biological responses and feedbacks of climate warming on ecosystems in these globally influential regions.

Published
2016

40. Thermal state of permafrost and active-layer monitoring in the Antarctic: advances during the International Polar Year 2007-2009

Author

Vieira, G., Bockheim, J., Guglielmin, M., Balks, M., Abramov, A. A., Boelhouwers, J., Cannone, N., Ganzert, L., Gilichinsky, D., Goryachkin, S., López-Martinez, J., Meiklejohn, I., Raffi, R., Ramos, M., Schaefer, C., Serrano, E., Simas, F., Sletten, R., Wagner, Dirk, Vieira, G., Bockheim, J., Guglielmin, M., Balks, M., Abramov, A. A., Boelhouwers, J., Cannone, N., Ganzert, L., Gilichinsky, D., Goryachkin, S., López-Martinez, J., Meiklejohn, I., Raffi, R., Ramos, M., Schaefer, C., Serrano, E., Simas, F., Sletten, R., and Wagner, Dirk

Published
2010

41. Unexpected impacts of climate change on alpine vegetation

Author

Cannone, N, Sgorbati, S, Guglielmin, M, Guglielmin, M., SGORBATI, SERGIO, Cannone, N, Sgorbati, S, Guglielmin, M, Guglielmin, M., and SGORBATI, SERGIO

Abstract

The vegetation in a high alpine site of the European Alps experienced changes in area between 1953 and 2003 as a result of climate change. Shrubs showed rapid expansion rates of 5.6% per decade at altitudes between 2400 m and 2500 m. Above 2500 m, vegetation coverage exhibited unexpected patterns of regression associated with increased precipitation and permafrost degradation. As these changes follow a sharp increase in both summer and annual temperatures after 1980, we suggest that vegetation of the alpine (2400-2800 m) and nival (above 2800 m) belts respond in a fast and flexible way, contradicting previous hypotheses that alpine and nival species appear to have a natural inertia and are able to tolerate an increase of 1-2 degrees C in mean air temperature.

Published
2007

42. Interactions between climate, vegetation and the active layer in soils at two Maritime Antarctic sites

Author

Cannone, N., Ellis-Evans, J.C., Strachan, R., Guglielmin, M., Cannone, N., Ellis-Evans, J.C., Strachan, R., and Guglielmin, M.

Abstract

In the summer 2000–01, thermal monitoring of the permafrost active layer within various terrestrial sites covered by lichen, moss or grasses was undertaken at Jubany (King George Island) and Signy Island in the Maritime Antarctic. The results demonstrated the buffering effect of vegetation on ground surface temperature (GST) and the relationship between vegetation and active layer thickness. Vegetation type and coverage influenced the GST in both locations with highest variations and values in the Deschampsia and Usnea sites and the lowest variations and values in the Jubany moss site. Active layer thickness ranged from 57 cm (Jubany moss site) to 227 cm (Signy Deschampsia site). Active layer thickness data from Signy were compared with data collected at the same location four decades earlier. Using a regression equation for air temperature versus ground surface temperatures the patterns of changing air temperature over time suggest that the active layer thickness increased c. 30 cm between 1963 and 1990 and then decreased 30 cm between 1990 and 2000. The documented increased rate of warming (2°C ± 1) since 1950 for air temperatures recorded in the South Orkney Islands suggests that the overall trend of active layer thickness increase will be around 1 cm year-1.

Published
2006

43. Active layer characteristics and bacterial occurence across a latitudinal gradient in Victoria Land (continental Antarctica) as indicator of functional processes in permafrost environments and ecosystems

Author

Cannone, N., Guglielmin, M., Wagner, Dirk, Hubberten, Hans-Wolfgang, Cannone, N., Guglielmin, M., Wagner, Dirk, and Hubberten, Hans-Wolfgang

Abstract

Soil analyses have been carried out in permafrost environment in Victoria Land, Continental Antarctica, in 9 sites within the network of the sensitive system permafrost-vegetation for the assessment of climate change effects along a latitudinal and geographical transect (77° - 72°S). Within each site the samples have been collected in different ecological and environmental conditions concerning active layer thickness, vegetation type and coverage, substrata, occurrence of glacial and periglacial features. In each site the vertical profile of the ground have been described and the samples collected within the active layer representing all the layers with visible differences regarding texture, structure and color. Organic C and N show specific patterns allowing to discriminate: a) vegetated vs unvegetated sites; b) among the unvegetated sites, ground with and without disturbance processes, mainly represented by frost heave and salt concrections. The barren grounds with frost heave and/or salt efflorescences show highest values of organic C and N. In the vegetated sites, organic C and N show different patterns related to the vegetation type and to their ecological requirements in terms of nutrient regime. The higher values are associated in particular with moss communities and with ground colonized by nitrophytic epilithic lichens. On inundated grounds the content of both organic C and N increases respect to close sites with similar vegetation. On the contrary, bacteria have a wide range of variability (between complete sterile soils to a more than 100K of cells/g soil) with less clear patterns of spatial distribution. In the surficial layers (< 5cm) in the unvegetated sites the higher bacteria values couple with the higher values of Al and Fe, but not with the organic C and N. In these sites the higher bacteria values are always associated to the more xeric conditions while the only really sterile site is the true inland one (Cape Sastrugi). Although the vegetated sit

Published
2005

44. Active layer characteristics across a latitudinal gradient in Victoria Land (Continental Antarctica) as indicator of functional processes in permafrost environments and ecosystems

Author

Cannone, N., Guglielmin, M., Wagner, Dirk, Hubberten, Hans-Wolfgang, Cannone, N., Guglielmin, M., Wagner, Dirk, and Hubberten, Hans-Wolfgang

Abstract

Soil analyses have been carried out in permafrost environment in Victoria Land, Continental Antarctica, in 9 sites, located along a latitudinal and geographical transect, covering 5 degrees (77° - 72°S). The samples have been collected in correspondence of long term monitoring sites within the network of the sensitive system permafrost-vegetation established for the assessment of climate change effects (Cannone and Guglielmin, 2003). Within each site the samples have been collected in different ecological and environmental conditions concerning active layer thickness, vegetation type and coverage, substrata, occurrence of glacial and periglacial features. In each site the vertical profile of the ground have been described and the samples have been collected within the active layer representing all the layers with visible differences regarding texture, structure and color.Organic C and N show specific patterns allowing to discriminate: a) vegetated vs unvegetated sites; b) among the unvegetated sites, ground with and without disturbance processes, mainly represented by frost heave and salt concrections. The barren grounds with frost heave and/or salt efflorescences show highest values of organic C and N. The highest value of organic C is associated to a buried gley horizon, and is compatible with the low rate of organic matter mineralization associated to the anaerobic environment producing this kind of layers. The vertical distribution of the measured parameters show regular patterns, with lower values at the surface, the maximum value at intermediate depth, and a decrease in the deeper parts of the profile. These depths are consistent with the values of active layer thickness characterizing the different sites.In the vegetated sites, organic C and N show different patterns related to the vegetation type and to their ecological requirements in terms of nutrient regime. The higher values are associated in particular with moss communities and with ground colonized by

Published
2004

47. The Bayelva high Arctic permafrost long-term observation site: an opportunity for joint international research on permafrost, atmosphere, ecology and snow

Author

Boike, Julia, Chadburn, S., Cannone, N., Schulz, Alexander, Biskaborn, Boris K., Maturilli, Marion, Masaki, Uchida, Westermann, Sebastian, Boike, Julia, Chadburn, S., Cannone, N., Schulz, Alexander, Biskaborn, Boris K., Maturilli, Marion, Masaki, Uchida, and Westermann, Sebastian

Abstract

At present, the Arctic climate is changing much more rapidly than the rest of the globe, and yet observational data available in the region is poor. The positive feedback between climate warming a nd permafrost carbon emissions depends on changing land - atmosphere energy and mass exchanges. There is thus a great need to understand links between the energy balance, which can vary rapidly over hourly to annual time scales, and permafrost, which changes over longer time periods. This understanding mandates long - term observational data sets. There is also a need to realistically incorporate permafrost into global modelling frameworks such as Earth System Models. Evaluating and parameterising of process - based models require simultaneous measurements of interacting variables. Here we present an example of such a long -term data set, from the Bayelva site at Ny- Ålesund, Svalbard, where meteorology, energy balance components and subsurface observations have been made for the last 20 years. Since the data provide observations of temporally variable parameters that mitigate energy fluxes between permafrost and atmosphere, such as snow depth and soil moisture content, they are suitable for use in integrating, and testing permafrost as a component in Earth System Models. There is a great need for continuous monitoring at more sites, to span the full range of permafrost conditions. The data show that mean annual, summer and winter soil temperature data from shallow to deeper depths have been warming over the period of record, indicating the degradation of permafrost at this site.

Published
1997

49. Permafrost–glacial evolution during the Holocene in the Italian Central Alps

Author

Guglielmin, M., Cannone, N., and Dramis, F.

Abstract

This paper discusses the Holocene evolution of two sites in the Central Italian Alps, the Foscagno Valley and the Stelvio–Livrio area, in terms of the interaction between permafrost distribution and glacial history. The applicability of phytosociological vegetation survey to investigate recent glacial evolution where geomorphological evidence is poor or totally absent is also illustrated. Bottom temperature of snow measurements and detailed geomorphologic survey and air-photo interpretation were carried out in the Stelvio–Livrio area. Boreholes were drilled in each site, one (24 m deep) in the Foscagno rock glacier (2510 m ASL), the second (100.3 m deep) in dolostone-limestone bedrock at the Stelvio Pass (3000 m ASL). The latter borehole is a component of the PACE European Permafrost Monitoring Network. In Foscagno Valley, the formation of permafrost during a cold and dry phase of the Holocene allowed the preservation of an ice body which otherwise would have disappeared. More recently, a Little Ice Age glacier advance, whose exact location and extension were defined by means of the analysis of vegetal associations, induced some degradation in the permafrost. In the Stelvio–Livrio area, a cold-based glacier apparently had much less influence on the local permafrost evolution and thermal regime. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. L'évolution holocène de deux sites des Alpes centrales italiennes, la vallée de Foscagno et la région de Stelvio-Livrio, est discutée pour contribuer à la compréhension des relations entre la distribution du pergélisol et l'histoire glaciaire. Un autre but de l'étude était de vérifier la possibilité d'utiliser des relevés phytosociologiques pour comprendre l 'évolution récente glaciaire de zones où des évidences géomorphologiques sont maigres ou totalement absentes et de mieux comprendre ainsi la distribution du pergélisol. Des mesures BTS, des levés géomorphologiques détaillés et des interprétations de photos aériennes de la zone Stelvio-Livrio ont été réalisés. Enfin, deux sondages ont été implantés : l'un (24 m de profondeur) dans le glacier rocheux de Foscagno (2510 m) et l'autre dans le substratum rocheux (100.3 m de profondeur) du Col du Stelvio (3000 m). Ce dernier sondage fait partie du réseau européen PACE de surveillance du pergélisol. Des levés phytosociologiques ont été réalisés dans les deux zones. Dans la vallée de Foscagno, la formation du pergélisol pendant une phase froide et aride de l'Holocène a permis la conservation d'un corps de glace qui, autrement, aurait disparu. Plus récemment, une avancée glaciaire pendant le Petit Age Glaciaire (dont la localisation et l'exacte extension ont été reconnues par les études phytosociologiques) a provoqué la dégradation du pergélisol. Dans la zone de Stelvio-Livrio, un glacier à base froide a apparemment beaucoup moins influencé la distribution du pergélisol et son régime thermique. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2001
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