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7. Effects of oral contraceptives on thyroid function and vice versa

Author

Torre, F., Calogero, A. E., Condorelli, R. A., Cannarella, R., Aversa, A., and La Vignera, S.

Abstract

Background: Thyroid gland dysfunction represents an epidemiologically relevant disease in the female gender, where treatment with oral contraceptives (OCs) is frequently prescribed. Although OCs are able to impact the thyroid gland function, scanty data have been released on this matter so far. Aim: The aim of this article was to review how hormonal OCs, including estrogen- or progesterone-only containing medications, interact with the hepatic production of thyroid-binding globulin (TBG) and, consequently, their effects on serum levels of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). We also reviewed the effect of Levo-T4 (LT4) administration in women taking OCs and how they influence the thyroid function in both euthyroid women and in those receiving LT4. Review: The estrogenic component of the pills is capable of increasing various liver proteins, such as TBG, sex hormone-binding protein (SHBG) and coagulation factors. On the other hand, the role of progestogens is to modulate estrogen-dependent effects mainly through their anti-androgenic action. In fact, a reduction in the effects of androgens is useful to keep the thromboembolic and cardiovascular risks low, whereas OCs increase it especially in women with subclinical hypothyroidism or in those treated with LT4. Accordingly, subclinical hypothyroidism is known to be associated with a higher mean platelet volume than normal and this increases cardiovascular risk due to platelet hyperactivity caused by incomplete thrombocytopoietic maturation.

Published
2024
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9. Controversy and Consensus on Indications for Sperm DNA Fragmentation Testing in Male Infertility: A Global Survey, Current Guidelines, and Expert Recommendations

Author

Agarwal, A, Farkouh, A, Saleh, R, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, TA-A, Harraz, AM, Kavoussi, P, Arafa, M, Salvio, G, Rambhatla, A, Toprak, T, Gül, M, Phuoc, NHV, Boitrelle, F, Birowo, P, Ghayda, RA, Cannarella, R, Kuroda, S, Durairajanayagam, D, Zini, A, Wyns, C, Sarikaya, S, Tremellen, K, Mostafa, T, Sokolakis, I, Evenson, DP, Henkel, R, Zohdy, W, Chung, E, Ziouziou, I, Falcone, M, Russo, GI, Al-Hashimi, M, Calogero, AE, Ko, E, Colpi, G, Lewis, S, Serefoglu, EC, Bahar, F, Martinez, M, Nguyen, Q, Ambar, RF, Bakircioglu, ME, Kandil, H, Mogharabian, N, Sabbaghian, M, Taniguchi, H, Tsujimura, A, Sajadi, H, Ibrahim, W, Atmoko, W, Vogiatzi, P, Gunes, S, Gilani, MAS, Roychoudhury, S, Güngör, ND, Hakim, L, Adriansjah, R, Kothari, P, Jindal, S, Amar, E, Park, HJ, Long, TQT, Homa, S, Karthikeyan, VS, Zilaitiene, B, Rosas, IM, Marino, A, Pescatori, E, Ozer, C, Akhavizadegan, H, Garrido, N, Busetto, GM, Adamyan, A, Al-Marhoon, M, Elbardisi, H, Dolati, P, Darbandi, M, Darbandi, S, Balercia, G, Pinggera, G-M, Micic, S, Ho, CCK, Moussa, M, Preto, M, Zenoaga-Barbăroșie, C, Smith, RP, Kosgi, R, Rosette, JDL, El-Sakka, AI, Abumelha, SM, Mierzwa, TC, Ong, TA, Banihani, SA, Bowa, K, Fukuhara, S, Boeri, L, Danacıoğlu, YO, Gokalp, F, Selim, OM, Cho, C-L, Tadros, NN, Ugur, MR, Ozkent, MS, Chiu, P, Kalkanli, A, Khalafalla, K, Vishwakarma, RB, Finocchi, F, Andreadakis, S, Giulioni, C, Çeker, G, Ceyhan, E, Malhotra, V, Yilmaz, M, Timpano, M, Barrett, TL, Kim, SHK, Ahn, S-T, Giacone, F, Palani, A, Duarsa, GWK, Kadioglu, A, Gadda, F, Zylbersztejn, DS, Aydos, K, Kulaksız, D, Gupte, D, Calik, G, Karna, KK, Drakopoulos, P, Baser, A, Kumar, V, Molina, JMC, Rajmil, O, Ferreira, RH, Leonardi, S, Avoyan, A, Sogutdelen, E, Franco, G, Ramsay, J, Ramirez, L, Shah, R, Global Andrology Forum, Agarwal, Ashok, Farkouh, Ala'A, Saleh, Ramadan, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd, Harraz, Ahmed M, Kavoussi, Parviz, Arafa, Mohamed, Salvio, Gianmaria, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Toprak, Tuncay, Gül, Murat, Phuoc, Nguyen Ho Vinh, Boitrelle, Florence, Birowo, Ponco, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Cannarella, Rossella, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Zini, Armand, Wyns, Christine, Sarikaya, Selcuk, Tremellen, Kelton, Mostafa, Taymour, Sokolakis, Ioanni, Evenson, Donald P, Henkel, Ralf, Zohdy, Wael, Chung, Eric, Ziouziou, Imad, Falcone, Marco, Russo, Giorgio I, Al-Hashimi, Manaf, Calogero, Aldo E, Ko, Edmund, Colpi, Giovanni, Lewis, Sheena, Serefoglu, Ege Can, Bahar, Fahmi, Martinez, Marlon, Nguyen, Quang, Ambar, Rafael F, Bakircioglu, Mustafa Emre, Kandil, Hussein, Mogharabian, Nasser, Sabbaghian, Marjan, Taniguchi, Hisanori, Tsujimura, Akira, Sajadi, Hesamoddin, Ibrahim, Wael, Atmoko, Widi, Vogiatzi, Paraskevi, Gunes, Sezgin, Gilani, Mohammad Ali Sadighi, Roychoudhury, Shubhadeep, Güngör, Nur Dokuzeylül, Hakim, Lukman, Adriansjah, Ricky, Kothari, Priyank, Jindal, Sunil, Amar, Edouard, Park, Hyun Jun, Long, Tran Quang Tien, Homa, Sheryl, Karthikeyan, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan, Zilaitiene, Birute, Rosas, Israel Maldonado, Marino, Angelo, Pescatori, Edoardo, Ozer, Cevahir, Akhavizadegan, Hamed, Garrido, Nicola, Busetto, Gian Maria, Adamyan, Aram, Al-Marhoon, Mohamed, Elbardisi, Haitham, Dolati, Parisa, Darbandi, Mahsa, Darbandi, Sara, Balercia, Giancarlo, Pinggera, Germar-Michael, Micic, Sava, Ho, Christopher Chee Kong, Moussa, Mohamad, Preto, Mirko, Zenoaga-Barbăroșie, Cătălina, Smith, Ryan P, Kosgi, Raghavender, Rosette, Jean de la, El-Sakka, Ahmed I, Abumelha, Saad Mohammed, Mierzwa, Tiago Cesar, Ong, Teng Aik, Banihani, Saleem A, Bowa, Kasonde, Fukuhara, Shinichiro, Boeri, Luca, Danacıoğlu, Yavuz Onur, Gokalp, Fatih, Selim, Osama Mohamed, Cho, Chak-Lam, Tadros, Nicholas N, Ugur, Muhammet Rasit, Ozkent, Mehmet Serkan, Chiu, Peter, Kalkanli, Arif, Khalafalla, Kareim, Vishwakarma, Ranjit B, Finocchi, Federica, Andreadakis, Sotiri, Giulioni, Carlo, Çeker, Gökhan, Ceyhan, Erman, Malhotra, Vineet, Yilmaz, Mehmet, Timpano, Massimiliano, Barrett, Trenton L, Kim, Shannon Hee Kyung, Ahn, Sun-Tae, Giacone, Filippo, Palani, Ayad, Duarsa, Gede Wirya Kusuma, Kadioglu, Ate, Gadda, Franco, Zylbersztejn, Daniel Suslik, Aydos, Kaan, Kulaksız, Deniz, Gupte, Deepak, Calik, Gokhan, Karna, Keshab Kumar, Drakopoulos, Panagioti, Baser, Aykut, Kumar, Vijay, Molina, Juan Manuel Corral, Rajmil, Osvaldo, Ferreira, Raphael H, Leonardi, Sofia, Avoyan, Armen, Sogutdelen, Emrullah, Franco, Giorgio, Ramsay, Jonathan, Ramirez, Liliana, Shah, Rupin, and Rocco, Lucia

Subjects
Male infertility, Practice guideline, Delphi method, DNA fragmentation, Survey, Sperm
Abstract

PURPOSE: Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) testing was recently added to the sixth edition of the World Health Organization laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. Many conditions and risk factors have been associated with elevated SDF; therefore, it is important to identify the population of infertile men who might benefit from this test. The purpose of this study was to investigate global practices related to indications for SDF testing, compare the relevant professional society guideline recommendations, and provide expert recommendations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicians managing male infertility were invited to take part in a global online survey on SDF clinical practices. This was conducted following the CHERRIES checklist criteria. The responses were compared to professional society guideline recommendations related to SDF and the appropriate available evidence. Expert recommendations on indications for SDF testing were then formulated, and the Delphi method was used to reach consensus. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 436 experts from 55 countries. Almost 75% of respondents test for SDF in all or some men with unexplained or idiopathic infertility, 39% order it routinely in the work-up of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and 62.2% investigate SDF in smokers. While 47% of reproductive urologists test SDF to support the decision for varicocele repair surgery when conventional semen parameters are normal, significantly fewer general urologists (23%; p=0.008) do the same. Nearly 70% would assess SDF before assisted reproductive technologies (ART), either always or for certain conditions. Recurrent ART failure is a common indication for SDF testing. Very few society recommendations were found regarding SDF testing. CONCLUSIONS: This article presents the largest global survey on the indications for SDF testing in infertile men, and demonstrates diverse practices. Furthermore, it highlights the paucity of professional society guideline recommendations. Expert recommendations are proposed to help guide clinicians.

Published
2023

10. Male accessory gland infection: diagnosis and treatment

Author

Cannarella, R., Condorelli, R. A., Cimino, L., Mongioi, L. M., Compagnone, M., Barbagallo, F., Crafa, A., Calogero, A. E., and La Vignera, S.

Subjects
Antibiotics, Oxidative stress, Infertility, Male accessory gland infection, Antioxidants
Published
2023

11. Omics sciences and precision medicine in prostate cancer.

Author

Medori, M. C., Micheletti, C., Gadler, M., Benedetti, S., Guerri, G., Cristofoli, F., Generali, D., Donofrio, C. A., Cominetti, M., Fioravanti, A., Riccio, L., Bernini, A., Fulcheri, E., Calogero, A. E., Cannarella, R., Stuppia, L., Gatta, V., Cecchin, S., Marceddu, G., and Bertelli, M.

Subjects
INDIVIDUALIZED medicine, PROSTATE cancer, METABOLOMICS, METABOLITES, HEALTH outcome assessment, BIOMARKERS
Abstract

In the last decade, Prostate Cancer (PCa) has emerged as the second most prevalent and serious medical condition, and is considered one of the leading factors contributing to global mortality rates. Several factors (genetic as well as environmental) contribute to its development and seriousness. Since the disease is usually asymptomatic at early stages, it is typically misdiagnosed or over-diagnosed by the diagnostic procedures currently in use, leading to improper treatment. Effective biomarkers and diagnostic techniques are desperately needed in clinical settings for better management of PCa patients. Studies integrating omics sciences have shown that the accuracy and dependability of diagnostic and prognostic evaluations have increased because of the use of omics data; also, the treatment plans using omics can be facilitated by personalized medicine. The present review emphasizes innovative multi-omics methodologies, encompassing proteomics, genomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, and transcriptomics, with the aim of comprehending the molecular alterations that trigger and contribute to PCa. The review shows how early genomic and transcriptomic research has made it possible to identify PCa-related genes that are controlled by tumorrelevant signaling pathways. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses have recently been integrated, advancing our understanding of the complex mechanisms at play, the multiple levels of regulation, and how they interact. By applying the omics approach, new vulnerabilities may be discovered, and customized treatments with improved efficacy will soon be accessible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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12. Omics sciences and precision medicine in testicular cancer.

Author

Madeo, G., Bonetti, G., Maltese, P. E., Tanzi, B., Tezzele, S., Mareso, C., Agostini, F., Generali, D., Donofrio, C. A., Cominetti, M., Fioravanti, A., Riccio, L., Beccari, T., Ceccarini, M. R., Calogero, A. E., Cannarella, R., Stuppia, L., Gatta, V., Nughman, M., and Cecchin, S.

Subjects
INDIVIDUALIZED medicine, TESTICULAR cancer, DNA repair, DISEASE management, METABOLOMICS, BIOMARKERS
Abstract

Background. Cancer, a potentially fatal condition, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Among males aged 20 to 35, the most common cancer in healthy individuals is testicular cancer, accounting for 1% to 2% of all cancers in men. Methods. Throughout this review, we have employed a targeted research approach, carefully handpicking the most representative and relevant articles on the subject. Our methodology involved a systematic review of the scientific literature to ensure a comprehensive and accurate overview of the available sources. Results. The onset and spread of testicular cancer are significantly influenced by genetic changes, including mutations in oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. As a result of identifying these specific genetic mutations in cancers, targeted medications have been developed to disrupt the signaling pathways affected by these genetic changes. To improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, it is crucial to understand its natural and clinical histories. Conclusions. In order to comprehend cancer better and to discover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, oncologists are increasingly employing omics methods, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Targeted medications that focus on specific genetic pathways and mutations hold promise for advancing the diagnosis and management of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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20. The possible role of SARS-CoV-2 in male fertility

Author

Leanza, C, Mongioì, Lm, Cannarella, R, La Vignera, S, Condorelli, Ra, and Calogero, Ae

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, male reproductive system, sperm parameters, COVID-19, male infertility
Published
2022

21. Pediatric leiomyoma of the glans: a case report

Author

Bagnara, V., Castagnetti, M., Calogero, A. E., Condorelli, R. A., Cannarella, R., and LA VIGNERA, SANDRO SALVUCCIO MARIA

Subjects
Diagnosis, Differential, Male, Glans, Leiomyoma, Glans disease, Humans, Glans penis, Child, Penile Neoplasms, Penis
Abstract

The leiomyoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor originating from smooth muscle cells therefore its location is ubiquitous. The genitourinary system is not a common site and the glans localization in pediatric age has been described only three times in the literature to date.We describe a case of an 11-year-old boy who presented with a painless, non-bleeding or itchy tumor of the glans. The surgical procedure consisted in the total removal of the mass. The histological study showed spindle cells with an eosinophilic cytoplasm while the immunohistochemical studies proved cells stained strongly positive for smooth muscle actin. The clinical follow-up for more than 5 years after surgery demonstrates the absence of recurrence and discomfort for the patient and a good aesthetic appearance of the glans.Leiomyoma is a benign tumor that can originate anywhere there is smooth muscle. However, localization at the level of the glans can be treated with a total excision due to the presence of a cleavage plane with the surrounding tissues that allows a good reconstruction of the glans itself.We propose that leiomyoma ought to be considered in the differential diagnosis of any glans mass in children.

Published
2021

22. From Myo-inositol to D-chiro-inositol molecular pathways

Author

Kiani, A. K., Paolacci, S., Calogero, A. E., Cannarella, R., DI RENZO, G. C., Gerli, S., DELLA MORTE, C., Busetto, G. M., DE BERARDINIS, E., DEL GIUDICE, F., Stuppia, L., Facchinetti, F., Dinicola, S., and Bertelli, M.

Subjects
Epimerase, Myo-inositol, Molecular Conformation, D-chiro-inositol, Neural tube defects, Polymorphisms, Animals, Humans, Inositol
Abstract

Inositol is a carbocyclic sugar polyalcohol. By epimerization of its hydroxyl groups, nine possible stereoisomers can be generated, two of major physiological and clinical relevance: myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol. Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are normally stored in kidney, brain and liver and are necessary for functions, such as signal transduction, metabolic flux, insulin signaling, regulation of ion-channel permeability, stress response and embryo development. In this narrative review, we summarize the mechanisms by which myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol can be synthesized and absorbed and their possible role in the etiopathogenesis of neural tube defects.We performed an online search in the PubMed database using the following keywords: "inositol", "D-chiro-inositol", "myo-inositol", "neural tube defects and inositol".Inositol requirements are partly met by dietary intake, while the rest is synthesized endogenously. Inositol deficiency may be involved in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, spina bifida (a neural tube defect), polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes. Supplementation of the two inositol stereoisomers, D-chiro-inositol and myo-inositol is important to prevent these conditions.Inositol is fundamental for signal transduction in the brain, kidneys, reproductive organs and other tissues in response to neurotransmitters, hormones and growth factors. Various genes are involved in inositol metabolism and associated pathways. Altered inositol concentrations are observed in several diseases. Analysis of the genes involved in inositol metabolism may provide important information for the clinical management of these conditions.

Published
2021

23. Anti-Müllerian Hormone, Growth Hormone, and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Modulate the Migratory and Secretory Patterns of GnRH Neurons

Author

Cannarella, R., Paganoni, A. J. J., Cicolari, S., Oleari, R., Condorelli, R. A., La Vignera, S., Cariboni, A., Calogero, A. E., and Magni, P.

Subjects
Anti-Mullerian Hormone, Neurons, endocrine system, Cultured, Human Growth Hormone, Cells, IGF1, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, GnRH secretion, Article, GH, lcsh:Chemistry, neuron migration, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Mice, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, Cell Movement, GnRH, AMH, Animals, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, lcsh:QH301-705.5, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Cells, Cultured
Abstract

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is secreted by Sertoli or granulosa cells. Recent evidence suggests that AMH may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and that its serum levels could help to discriminate HH from delayed puberty. Moreover, the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) system may be involved in the function of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, as delayed puberty is commonly found in patients with GH deficiency (GHD) or with Laron syndrome, a genetic form of GH resistance. The comprehension of the stimuli enhancing the migration and secretory activity of GnRH neurons might shed light on the causes of delay of puberty or HH. With these premises, we aimed to better clarify the role of the AMH, GH, and IGF1 on GnRH neuron migration and GnRH secretion, by taking advantage of previously established models of immature (GN11 cell line) and mature (GT1-7 cell line) GnRH neurons. Expression of Amhr, Ghr, and Igf1r genes was confirmed in both cell lines. Cells were then incubated with increasing concentrations of AMH (1.5–150 ng/mL), GH (3–1000 ng/mL), or IGF1 (1.5–150 ng/mL). All hormones were able to support GN11 cell chemomigration. AMH, GH, and IGF1 significantly stimulated GnRH secretion by GT1-7 cells after a 90-min incubation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the direct effects of GH and IGF1 in GnRH neuron migration and of GH in the GnRH secreting pattern. Taken together with previous basic and clinical studies, these findings may provide explanatory mechanisms for data, suggesting that AMH and the GH-IGF1 system play a role in HH or the onset of puberty.

Published
2021

25. Aspetti di prevenzione primaria dell’infertilità maschile

Author

Cannarella, R, Condorelli, Ra, Valiani, M, Tyutyusheva, N, Calogero, Ae, La Vignera, S, and Bertelloni, S

Subjects
danno spermatico precoce, cellule di Leydig, terapie gonadotossiche, adolescenza, adolescenza, sviluppo del testicolo, cellule di Sertoli, cellule di Leydig, danno spermatico precoce, terapie gonadotossiche, conservazione tessuto testicolare germinale, prevenzione andrologica in età pediatrica, prevenzione andrologica in età pediatrica, sviluppo del testicolo, cellule di Sertoli, conservazione tessuto testicolare germinale
Published
2020

31. Non-hormonal treatment for male infertility: the potential role of Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene

Author

Cannarella, R, Calogero, Ae, Condorelli, Ra, Giacone, F, Mongioi', Lm, and La Vignera, S.

Subjects
Male, Oxidative Stress, Selenium, Lycopene, Treatment Outcome, Plant Extracts, Serenoa, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Humans, Antioxidants, Infertility, Male
Abstract

Male infertility is a wide spread disease among couple of childbearing age. Spermatozoa are highly susceptible to oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are capable of damaging the sperm membrane and DNA, inducing lipid peroxidation and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF). Antioxidant supplementation is currently suggested after a complete diagnostic work-up, as recognized by the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS). Indeed, it has been showed to improve sperm quality, DNA fragmentation and pregnancy rate. The administration of Serenoa repens extracts (SrE), including free fatty acids (FFA), methyl and ethyl esters, glycerides, flavonoids and sterols, has never been investigated for male infertility. However, their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties provide the rational for their possible effectiveness. The aim of this review was to collect all the evidence supporting the potential usefulness of SrE, alone or in combination with other molecules with proven antioxidant effects, like selenium and lycopene (along with which they are often commercialized), to improve sperm parameters.A systematic search was performed using Pubmed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Academic One Files, Google Scholar and Scopus databases. The search strategy included the following key words: Serenoa repens, selenium, lycopene, oligozoospermia, oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation, male infertility, pregnancy rate.By triggering multiple inflammatory and oxidative pathways, the combined administration of SrE, selenium and lycopene might likely improve the sperm quality. Proper studies are needed to test this hypothesis. Finally, since prostatitis can affect the sperm quality and considering the anti-estrogenic properties of SrE, we speculate about a possible specific indication in those patients with male infertility and "metabolic" prostatitis (where obesity and abnormal androgen/estrogen ratio concomitantly occur).

Published
2019

33. Non-syndromic monogenic male infertility

Author

Guerri, G, Maniscalchi, T, Barati, Busetto, Gm, Del Giudice, F, De Berardinis, E, Cannarella, R, Calogero, Ae, and Bertelli, M

Subjects
Male, Male infertility, Spermatogenic failure, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Review, Teratozoospermia, male infertility, oligozoospermia, azoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia, spermatogenic failure, androgen insensitivity syndrome, Asthenozoospermia, Mutation, Androgen insensitivity syndrome, Azoospermia, Oligozoospermia, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Testing, Infertility, Male
Abstract

Infertility is a widespread clinical problem affecting 8-12% of couples worldwide. Of these, about 30% are diagnosed with idiopathic infertility since no causative factor is found. Overall 40-50% of cases are due to male reproductive defects. Numerical or structural chromosome abnormalities have long been associated with male infertility. Monogenic mutations have only recently been addressed in the pathogenesis of this condition. Mutations of specific genes involved in meiosis, mitosis or spermiohistogenesis result in spermatogenic failure, leading to the following anomalies: insufficient (oligozoospermia) or no (azoospermia) sperm production, limited progressive and/or total sperm motility (asthenozoospermia), altered sperm morphology (teratozoospermia), or combinations thereof. Androgen insensitivity, causing hormonal and sexual impairment in males with normal karyotype, also affects male fertility. The genetic causes of non-syndromic monogenic of male infertility are summarized in this article and a gene panel is proposed. (www.actabiomedica.it)

Published
2019

34. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, disorders of sex development, and infertility in patients with PORgene pathogenic variants: a systematic review of the literature

Author

Gusmano, C., Cannarella, R., Crafa, A., Barbagallo, F., La Vignera, S., Condorelli, R. A., and Calogero, A. E.

Abstract

Background: P450 oxidoreductase (POR) deficiency (PORD) is characterized by congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and disorders of sex development (DSD) in both sexes. PORD can also associate with skeletal defects. However, the prevalence of these phenotypes is unknown. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of CAH, DSD, and infertility of patients with PORgene pathogenic variants by a systematic review of the literature. Methods: The literature search was performed through PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Academic One Files, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. All studies reporting information on CAH, DSD, testicular adrenal rest tumor (TARTs), and fertility in patients with PORgene pathogenic variants were included. Finally, the prevalence of abnormal phenotypes was calculated. Results: Of the 246 articles initially retrieved, only 48 were included for a total of 119 (46 males and 73 females) patients with PORD. We also included the case of a male patient who consulted us for CAH and TARTs but without DSD. This patient, found to be a carrier of combined heterozygous PORmutation, reached fatherhood spontaneously. All the patients found had CAH. The presence of DSD was found in 65.2%, 82.1%, and 82.1% of patients with compound heterozygosity, homozygosity, or monoallelic heterozygous variants, respectively. The prevalence was significantly higher in females than in males. The prevalence of TARTs in patients with PORD is 2.7%. Only 5 women with PORD became pregnant after assisted reproductive techniques and delivered a healthy baby. Except for the recently reported proband, no other studies focused on male infertility in patients with PORgene variants. Conclusion: This systematic review of the literature reports the prevalence of CAH, DSD, and TARTs in patients with PORD. The unknown prevalence of PORgene pathogenetic variants and the paucity of studies investigating fertility do not allow us to establish whether PORD is associated with infertility. Further studies on both women and men are needed to clarify this relationship.

Published
2022
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45. FSH treatment for normogonadotropic male infertility: a synergistic role for metformin?

Author

LA VIGNERA, S., CONDORELLI, R. A., DUCA, Y., CANNARELLA, R., GIACONE, F., and CALOGERO, A. E.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) administration in a cohort of insulin resistant (HOMA>2.5) patients with normogonadotropic idiopathic infertility. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We subdivided patients in two clinical groups basing on the adopted therapeutic scheme: group A (n=44) received 150 units of FSH three times a week for three months (group A); group B (n=35) received 150 units of FSH three times a week for three months and 500 mg of slow-release metformin once a day for three months (group B). We evaluated the post-treatment sperm parameters, sperm parameters normalization rate, spontaneous pregnancy rate, and sperm DNA fragmentation normalization rate. RESULTS: 40% of group A patients and 45% of group B patients became normozoospermic after the treatment, while 30% of group A patients and 32% of group B patients achieved a spontaneous pregnancy. B group patients also obtained higher sperm DNA fragmentation normalization rate (45% vs. 33%, p = 0.03). Compared to group A, group B showed a higher sperm concentration, progressive motility and morphology (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the addition of the low-dose slow-release metformin in insulin-resistant patients with normogonadotropic infertility improves the efficacy of FSH therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

49. Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations

Author

Shah, Rupin, Agarwal, Ashok, Kavoussi, Parviz, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Saleh, Ramadan, Cannarella, Rossella, Harraz, Ahmed M., Boitrelle, Florence, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd Abdel-Meguid, Zini, Armand, Ko, Edmund, Çalık, Gökhan, Toprak, Tuncay, Kandil, Hussein, Gül, Murat, Bakırcıoğlu, Mustafa Emre, Parekh, Neel, Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Tadros, Nicholas, Kadıoğlu, Ateş, Arafa, Mohamed, Chung, Eric, Rajmil, Osvaldo, Dimitriadis, Fotios, Malhotra, Vineet, Salvio, Gianmaria, Henkel, Ralf, Le, Tan V., Sogutdelen, Emrullah, Vij, Sarah, Alarbid, Abdullah, Güdeloğlu, Ahmet, Tsujimura, Akira, Calogero, Aldo E., El Meliegy, Amr, Crafa, Andrea, Kalkanlı, Arif, Baser, Aykut, Hazır, Berk, Giulioni, Carlo, Cho, Chak-Lam, Ho, Christopher C.K., Salzano, Ciro, Zylbersztejn, Daniel Suslik, Tien, Dung Mai Ba, Pescatori, Edoardo, Borges, Edson, Saïs-Hamza, Eminej, Huyghe, Eric, Ceyhan, Erman, Caroppo, Ettore, Castiglioni, Fabrizio, Bahar, Fahmi, Gökalp, Fatih, Lombardo, Francesco, Gadda, Franco, Duarsa, Gede Wirya Kusuma, Pinggera, Germar-Michael, Busetto, Gian Maria, Balercia, Giancarlo, Cito, Gianmartin, Blecher, Gideon, Franco, Giorgio, Liguori, Giovanni, Elbardisi, Haitham, Keskin, Hakan, Lin, Haocheng, Taniguchi, Hisanori, Park, Hyun Jun, Ziouziou, Imad, de la Rosette, Jean J. M. C. H., Hotaling, Jim, Ramsay, Jonathan, Molina, Juan Manuel Corral, Lo, Ka Lun, Böcü, Kadir, Khalafalla, Kareim, Bowa, Kasonde, Okada, Keisuke, Nagao, Koichi, Chiba, Koji, Hakim, Lukman, Makarounis, Konstantinos, Hehemann, Marah, Peña, Marcelo Rodriguez, Falcone, Marco, Bendayan, Marion, Martinez, Marlon, Timpano, Massimiliano, Altan, Mesut, Fode, Mikkel, Al-Marhoon, Mohamed S., Gilani, Mohammad Ali Sadighi, Soebadi, Mohammad Ayodhia, Gherabi, Nazim, Sofikitis, Nikolaos, Kahraman, Oğuzhan, Birowo, Ponco, Kothari, Priyank, Sindhwani, Puneet, Javed, Qaisar, Ambar, Rafael F., Kosgi, Raghavender, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Adriansjah, Ricky, Condorelli, Rosita Angela, La Vignera, Sandro, Micic, Sava, Kim, Shannon Hee Kyung, Fukuhara, Shinichiro, Ahn, Sun Tae, Mostafa, Taymour, Ong, Teng Aik, Takeshima, Teppei, Amano, Toshiyasu, Barrett, Trenton, Arslan, Umut, Karthikeyan, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan, Atmoko, Widi, Yumura, Yasushi, Yuan, Yiming, Kato, Yuki, Jezek, Davor, Cheng, Bryan Kwun-Chung, Hatzichristodoulou, Georgios, Dy, Jun, Castañé, Eduard Ruiz, El-Sakka, Ahmed I., Nguyen, Quang, Sarıkaya, Selçuk, Boeri, Luca, Tan, Ronny, Moussa, Mohamad A., El-Assmy, Ahmed, Alali, Hamed, Alhathal, Naif, Osman, Yasser, Perovic, Dragoljub, Sajadi, Hesamoddin, Akhavizadegan, Hamed, Vučinić, Miroslav, Kattan, Said, Kattan, Mohamed S., Mogharabian, Nasser, Phuoc, Nguyen Ho Vinh, Ngoo, Kay Seong, Alkandari, Mohammad H., Alsuhaibani, Shaheed, Sokolakis, Ioannis, Babaei, Mehdi, King, Mak Siu, Diemer, Thorsten, Gava, Marcelo M., Henrique, Raphael, Spinola e Silva, Rodrigo, Paul, Gustavo Marquesine, Mierzwa, Tiago Cesar, Glina, Sidney, Siddiqi, Kashif, Wu, Han, Wurzacher, Jana, Farkouh, Ala'a, Son, Hwancheol, Minhas, Suks, Lee, Joe, Magsanoc, Nikko, Capogrosso, Paolo, Albano, German Jose, Lewis, Sheena E.M., Jayasena, Channa N., Alvarez, Juan G., Teo, Colin, Smith, Ryan P., Chua, Jo Ben M., Jensen, Christian Fuglesang S., Parekattil, Sijo, Finelli, Renata, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Karna, Keshab Kumar, Ahmed, Abdelkareem, Evenson, Don, Umemoto, Yukihiro, Puigvert, Ana, Çeker, Gökhan, Colpi, Giovanni M., Rolitsky, Sarah, Bouzouita, Abderrazak, Shokeir, Ahmed, Aşçı, Ahmet, Bouker, Amin, Adamyan, Aram, Avoyan, Armen E., Palani, Ayad, Aghamajidi, Azin, Eze, Balantine, Noegroho, Bambang Sasongko, Purnomo, Basuki, Erkan, Bircan Kolbaşı, Zilaitiene, Birute, Kulaksız, Deniz, Kafetzis, Dimitrios, Lee, Dong Sup, Stember, Doron, Evgeni, Evangelini, Alhajeri, Faisal, Finocchi, Federica, Colombo, Fulvio, Tsangaris, George, Sallam, Hassan N., Acosta, Herik, Rosas, Israel Maldonado, Kirkman-Brown, Jackson, Shin, Jae Il, Sonksen, Jens, Dong, Jie, Marmar, Joel, Moreno-Sepulveda, Jose, Seo, Ju Tae, Aydos, Kaan, Kesari, Kavindra Kumar, Trost, Landon, Jenkins, Lawrence, Rocco, Lucia, Darbandi, Mahsa, Simopoulou, Mara, Alves, Marco, Sabbaghian, Marjan, Tavalaee, Marziyeh, Razi, Mazdak, Duran, Mesut Berkan, Nago, Mitsuru, Elkhouly, Mohamed, Khalili, Mohamed, Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hossein, Kamath, Mohan S., Uğur, Muhammet Raşit, Park, Nam Cheol, Cruz, Natalio, Garrido, Nicolas, Sodeifi, Niloofar, Al Khalidi, Noora, Shoshany, Ohad, Satyagraha, Paksi, Drakopoulos, Panagiotos, Vogiatzi, Paraskevi, Dolati, Parisa, Das, Partha, Chiu, Peter Ka-Fung, Tsioulou, Petroula A., Patel, Premal, Singh, Rajender, Kaiyal, Raneen Sawaid, Santos, Ferreira, Dada, Rima, Brodjonegoro, Sakti, Banihani, Saleem Ali, Schon, Samantha, Darbandi, Sara, Güneş, Sezgin, Homa, Sheryl, Mutambirwa, Shingai, Roychoudhury, Shubhadeep, Diaz, Sofia Ines Leonardi, Gopalakrishnan, Sreelatha, Krawetz, Stephen, Jindal, Sunil, Avidor-Reiss, Tomer, Lin, Tsung Yen, Kumar, Vijay, Ibrahim, Wael, Kerkeni, Walid, Woo, Wongi, Morimoto, Yoshiharu, Cheng, Yu-Sheng, Shah, Rupin, Agarwal, Ashok, Kavoussi, Parviz, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Saleh, Ramadan, Cannarella, Rossella, Harraz, Ahmed M., Boitrelle, Florence, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd Abdel-Meguid, Zini, Armand, Ko, Edmund, Calik, Gokhan, Toprak, Tuncay, Kandil, Hussein, Gül, Murat, Bakırcıoğlu, Mustafa Emre, Parekh, Neel, Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Tadros, Nichola, Kadioglu, Ate, Arafa, Mohamed, Chung, Eric, Rajmil, Osvaldo, Dimitriadis, Fotio, Malhotra, Vineet, Salvio, Gianmaria, Henkel, Ralf, Le, Tan V., Sogutdelen, Emrullah, Vij, Sarah, Alarbid, Abdullah, Gudeloglu, Ahmet, Tsujimura, Akira, Calogero, Aldo E., Meliegy, Amr El, Crafa, Andrea, Kalkanli, Arif, Baser, Aykut, Hazir, Berk, Giulioni, Carlo, Cho, Chak-Lam, Ho, Christopher C. K., Salzano, Ciro, Zylbersztejn, Daniel Suslik, Tien, Dung Mai Ba, Pescatori, Edoardo, Borges, Edson, Serefoglu, Ege Can, Sas-Hamza, Emine, Huyghe, Eric, Ceyhan, Erman, Caroppo, Ettore, Castiglioni, Fabrizio, Bahar, Fahmi, Gokalp, Fatih, Lombardo, Francesco, Gadda, Franco, Duarsa, Gede Wirya Kusuma, Pinggera, Germar-Michael, Busetto, Gian Maria, Balercia, Giancarlo, Cito, Gianmartin, Blecher, Gideon, Franco, Giorgio, Liguori, Giovanni, Elbardisi, Haitham, Keskin, Hakan, Lin, Haocheng, Taniguchi, Hisanori, Park, Hyun Jun, Ziouziou, Imad, Rosette, Jean de la, Hotaling, Jim, Ramsay, Jonathan, Molina, Juan Manuel Corral, Lo, Ka Lun, Bocu, Kadir, Khalafalla, Kareim, Bowa, Kasonde, Okada, Keisuke, Nagao, Koichi, Chiba, Koji, Hakim, Lukman, Makarounis, Konstantino, Hehemann, Marah, Peña, Marcelo Rodriguez, Falcone, Marco, Bendayan, Marion, Martinez, Marlon, Timpano, Massimiliano, Altan, Mesut, Fode, Mikkel, Al-Marhoon, Mohamed S., Gilani, Mohammad Ali Sadighi, Soebadi, Mohammad Ayodhia, Gherabi, Nazim, Sofikitis, Nikolao, Kahraman, Oğuzhan, Birowo, Ponco, Kothari, Priyank, Sindhwani, Puneet, Javed, Qaisar, Ambar, Rafael F., Kosgi, Raghavender, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Adriansjah, Ricky, Condorelli, Rosita Angela, Vignera, Sandro La, Micic, Sava, Kim, Shannon Hee Kyung, Fukuhara, Shinichiro, Ahn, Sun Tae, Mostafa, Taymour, Ong, Teng Aik, Takeshima, Teppei, Amano, Toshiyasu, Barrett, Trenton, Arslan, Umut, Karthikeyan, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan, Atmoko, Widi, Yumura, Yasushi, Yuan, Yiming, Kato, Yuki, Jezek, Davor, Cheng, Bryan Kwun-Chung, Hatzichristodoulou, Georgio, Dy, Jun, Castañé, Eduard Ruiz, El-Sakka, Ahmed I., Nguyen, Quang, Sarikaya, Selcuk, Boeri, Luca, Tan, Ronny, Moussa, Mohamad A., El-Assmy, Ahmed, Alali, Hamed, Alhathal, Naif, Osman, Yasser, Perovic, Dragoljub, Sajadi, Hesamoddin, Akhavizadegan, Hamed, Vučinić, Miroslav, Kattan, Said, Kattan, Mohamed S., Mogharabian, Nasser, Phuoc, Nguyen Ho Vinh, Ngoo, Kay Seong, Alkandari, Mohammad H., Alsuhaibani, Shaheed, Sokolakis, Ioanni, Babaei, Mehdi, King, Mak Siu, Diemer, Thorsten, Gava, Marcelo M., Henrique, Raphael, Silva, Rodrigo Spinola e, Paul, Gustavo Marquesine, Mierzwa, Tiago Cesar, Glina, Sidney, Siddiqi, Kashif, Wu, Han, Wurzacher, Jana, Farkouh, Ala’A, Son, Hwancheol, Minhas, Suk, Lee, Joe, Magsanoc, Nikko, Capogrosso, Paolo, Albano, German Jose, Lewis, Sheena E. M., Jayasena, Channa N., Alvarez, Juan G., Teo, Colin, Smith, Ryan P., Chua, Jo Ben M., Jensen, Christian Fuglesang S., Parekattil, Sijo, Finelli, Renata, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Karna, Keshab Kumar, Ahmed, Abdelkareem, Evenson, Don, Umemoto, Yukihiro, Puigvert, Ana, Çeker, Gökhan, Forum, Giovanni M Colpi, Shah, R., Agarwal, A., Kavoussi, P., Rambhatla, A., Saleh, R., Cannarella, R., Harraz, A. M., Boitrelle, F., Kuroda, S., Hamoda, T. A. -A. A. -M., Zini, A., Ko, E., Calik, G., Toprak, T., Kandil, H., Gul, M., Bakircioglu, M. E., Parekh, N., Russo, G. I., Tadros, N., Kadioglu, A., Arafa, M., Chung, E., Rajmil, O., Dimitriadis, F., Malhotra, V., Salvio, G., Henkel, R., Le, T. V., Sogutdelen, E., Vij, S., Alarbid, A., Gudeloglu, A., Tsujimura, A., Calogero, A. E., El Meliegy, A., Crafa, A., Kalkanli, A., Baser, A., Hazir, B., Giulioni, C., Cho, C. -L., Ho, C. C. K., Salzano, C., Zylbersztejn, D. S., Tien, D. M. B., Pescatori, E., Borges, E., Serefoglu, E. C., Sais-Hamza, E., Huyghe, E., Ceyhan, E., Caroppo, E., Castiglioni, F., Bahar, F., Gokalp, F., Lombardo, F., Gadda, F., Duarsa, G. W. K., Pinggera, G. -M., Busetto, G. M., Balercia, G., Cito, G., Blecher, G., Franco, G., Liguori, G., Elbardisi, H., Keskin, H., Lin, H., Taniguchi, H., Park, H. J., Ziouziou, I., de la Rosette, J., Hotaling, J., Ramsay, J., Molina, J. M. C., Lo, K. L., Bocu, K., Khalafalla, K., Bowa, K., Okada, K., Nagao, K., Chiba, K., Hakim, L., Makarounis, K., Hehemann, M., Pena, M. R., Falcone, M., Bendayan, M., Martinez, M., Timpano, M., Altan, M., Fode, M., Al-Marhoon, M. S., Gilani, M. A. S., Soebadi, M. A., Gherabi, N., Sofikitis, N., Kahraman, O., Birowo, P., Kothari, P., Sindhwani, P., Javed, Q., Ambar, R. F., Kosgi, R., Ghayda, R. A., Adriansjah, R., Condorelli, R. A., La Vignera, S., Micic, S., Kim, S. H. K., Fukuhara, S., Ahn, S. T., Mostafa, T., Ong, T. A., Takeshima, T., Amano, T., Barrett, T., Arslan, U., Karthikeyan, V. S., Atmoko, W., Yumura, Y., Yuan, Y., Kato, Y., Jezek, D., Cheng, B. K. -C., Hatzichristodoulou, G., Dy, J., Castane, E. R., El-Sakka, A. I., Nguyen, Q., Sarikaya, S., Boeri, L., Tan, R., Moussa, M. A., El-Assmy, A., Alali, H., Alhathal, N., Osman, Y., Perovic, D., Sajadi, H., Akhavizadegan, H., Vucinic, M., Kattan, S., Kattan, M. S., Mogharabian, N., Phuoc, N. H. V., Ngoo, K. S., Alkandari, M. H., Alsuhaibani, S., Sokolakis, I., Babaei, M., King, M. S., Diemer, T., Gava, M. M., Henrique, R., Spinola e Silva, R., Paul, G. M., Mierzwa, T. C., Glina, S., Siddiqi, K., Wu, H., Wurzacher, J., Farkouh, A., Son, H., Minhas, S., Lee, J., Magsanoc, N., Capogrosso, P., Albano, G. J., Lewis, S. E. M., Jayasena, C. N., Alvarez, J. G., Teo, C., Smith, R. P., Chua, J. B. M., Jensen, C. F. S., Parekattil, S., Finelli, R., Durairajanayagam, D., Karna, K. K., Ahmed, A., Evenson, D., Umemoto, Y., Puigvert, A., Ceker, G., Colpi, G. M., Rolitsky, S., Bouzouita, A., Shokeir, A., Asci, A., Bouker, A., Adamyan, A., Avoyan, A. E., Palani, A., Aghamajidi, A., Eze, B., Noegroho, B. S., Purnomo, B., Erkan, B. K., Zilaitiene, B., Kulaksiz, D., Kafetzis, D., Lee, D. S., Stember, D., Evgeni, E., Alhajeri, F., Finocchi, F., Colombo, F., Tsangaris, G., Sallam, H. N., Acosta, H., Rosas, I. M., Kirkman-Brown, J., Shin, J. I., Sonksen, J., Dong, J., Marmar, J., Moreno-Sepulveda, J., Seo, J. T., Aydos, K., Kesari, K. K., Trost, L., Jenkins, L., Rocco, L., Darbandi, M., Simopoulou, M., Alves, M., Sabbaghian, M., Tavalaee, M., Razi, M., Duran, M. B., Nago, M., Elkhouly, M., Khalili, M., Nasr-Esfahani, M. H., Kamath, M. S., Ugur, M. R., Park, N. C., Cruz, N., Garrido, N., Sodeifi, N., Al Khalidi, N., Shoshany, O., Satyagraha, P., Drakopoulos, P., Vogiatzi, P., Dolati, P., Das, P., Chiu, P. K. -F., Tsioulou, P. A., Patel, P., Singh, R., Kaiyal, R. S., Santos, F., Dada, R., Brodjonegoro, S., Banihani, S. A., Schon, S., Darbandi, S., Gunes, S., Homa, S., Mutambirwa, S., Roychoudhury, S., Diaz, S. I. L., Gopalakrishnan, S., Krawetz, S., Jindal, S., Avidor-Reiss, T., Lin, T. Y., Kumar, V., Ibrahim, W., Kerkeni, W., Woo, W., Morimoto, Y., Cheng, Y. -S., and Tıp Fakültesi

Subjects
Aging, Consensus, Urology, INGUINAL VARICOCELECTOMY, Disease management, Male infertility, Survey, Varicocele, Consensu, Global Andrology Forum, Endocrinology & Metabolism, NONOBSTRUCTIVE AZOOSPERMIA, ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY, Male Infertility, Pharmacology (medical), Andrology, IMPAIRED SEMEN QUALITY, EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION, Science & Technology, UROLOGY GUIDELINES, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Disease Management, Urology & Nephrology, SUBCLINICAL VARICOCELE, Psychiatry and Mental health, Health Care Sciences & Services, MICROSURGICAL SUBINGUINAL VARICOCELECTOMY, Reproductive Medicine, SPERM MORPHOLOGY, UNTREATED VARICOCELE, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Purpose: Varicocele is a common problem among infertile men. Varicocele repair (VR) is frequently performed to improve semen parameters and the chances of pregnancy. However, there is a lack of consensus about the diagnosis, indications for VR and its outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore global practice patterns on the management of varicocele in the context of male infertility. Materials and Methods: Sixty practicing urologists/andrologists from 23 countries contributed 382 multiple-choice-questions pertaining to varicocele management. These were condensed into an online questionnaire that was forwarded to clinicians involved in male infertility management through direct invitation. The results were analyzed for disagreement and agreement in practice patterns and, compared with the latest guidelines of international professional societies (American Urological As- sociation [AUA], American Society for Reproductive Medicine [ASRM], and European Association of Urology [EAU]), and with evidence emerging from recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Additionally, an expert opinion on each topic was provided based on the consensus of 16 experts in the field. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 574 clinicians from 59 countries. The majority of respondents were urologists/ uro-andrologists. A wide diversity of opinion was seen in every aspect of varicocele diagnosis, indications for repair, choice of technique, management of sub-clinical varicocele and the role of VR in azoospermia. A significant proportion of the re- sponses were at odds with the recommendations of AUA, ASRM, and EAU. A large number of clinical situations were identi- fied where no guidelines are available. Conclusions: This study is the largest global survey performed to date on the clinical management of varicocele for male in- fertility. It demonstrates: 1) a wide disagreement in the approach to varicocele management, 2) large gaps in the clinical prac- tice guidelines from professional societies, and 3) the need for further studies on several aspects of varicocele management in infertile men.

Published
2022

50. Antisperm Antibody Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Its Role in the Management of Immunological Male Infertility and Results of a Global Survey of Clinical Practices

Author

Sajal Gupta, Rakesh Sharma, Ashok Agarwal, Florence Boitrelle, Renata Finelli, Ala'a Farkouh, Ramadan Saleh, Taha Abo-Almagd Abdel-Meguid, Murat Gül, Birute Zilaitiene, Edmund Ko, Amarnath Rambhatla, Armand Zini, Kristian Leisegang, Shinnosuke Kuroda, Ralf Henkel, Rossella Cannarella, Ayad Palani, Chak-Lam Cho, Christopher C.K. Ho, Daniel Suslik Zylbersztejn, Edoardo Pescatori, Eric Chung, Fotios Dimitriadis, Germar-Michael Pinggera, Gian Maria Busetto, Giancarlo Balercia, Gianmaria Salvio, Giovanni M. Colpi, Gökhan Çeker, Hisanori Taniguchi, Hussein Kandil, Hyun Jun Park, Israel Maldonado Rosas, Jean de la Rosette, Joao Paulo Greco Cardoso, Jonathan Ramsay, Juan Alvarez, Juan Manuel Corral Molina, Kareim Khalafalla, Kasonde Bowa, Kelton Tremellen, Evangelini Evgeni, Lucia Rocco, Marcelo Gabriel Rodriguez Peña, Marjan Sabbaghian, Marlon Martinez, Mohamed Arafa, Mohamed S. Al-Marhoon, Nicholas Tadros, Nicolas Garrido, Osvaldo Rajmil, Pallav Sengupta, Paraskevi Vogiatzi, Parviz Kavoussi, Ponco Birowo, Raghavender Kosgi, Saleem Bani-Hani, Sava Micic, Sijo Parekattil, Sunil Jindal, Tan V. Le, Taymour Mostafa, Tuncay Toprak, Yoshiharu Morimoto, Vineet Malhotra, Azin Aghamajidi, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam, Rupin Shah, Gupta, S., Sharma, R., Agarwal, A., Boitrelle, F., Finelli, R., Farkouh, A., Saleh, R., Abdel-Meguid, T. A. -A., Gul, M., Zilaitiene, B., Ko, E., Rambhatla, A., Zini, A., Leisegang, K., Kuroda, S., Henkel, R., Cannarella, R., Palani, A., Cho, C. -L., Ho, C. C. K., Zylbersztejn, D. S., Pescatori, E., Chung, E., Dimitriadis, F., Pinggera, G. -M., Busetto, G. M., Balercia, G., Salvio, G., Colpi, G. M., Ceker, G., Taniguchi, H., Kandil, H., Park, H. J., Rosas, I. M., de la Rosette, J., Cardoso, J. P. G., Ramsay, J., Alvarez, J., Molina, J. M. C., Khalafalla, K., Bowa, K., Tremellen, K., Evgeni, E., Rocco, L., Pena, M. G. R., Sabbaghian, M., Martinez, M., Arafa, M., Al-Marhoon, M. S., Tadros, N., Garrido, N., Rajmil, O., Sengupta, P., Vogiatzi, P., Kavoussi, P., Birowo, P., Kosgi, R., Bani-Hani, S., Micic, S., Parekattil, S., Jindal, S., Le, T. V., Mostafa, T., Toprak, T., Morimoto, Y., Malhotra, V., Aghamajidi, A., Durairajanayagam, D., and Shah, R.

Subjects
Aging, Urology, Antibodie, DIAGNOSIS, Antibodies, Endocrinology & Metabolism, male, FERTILIZATION, FERTILITY, Pharmacology (medical), Andrology, Survey, PREDNISOLONE TREATMENT, COUPLES, Science & Technology, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, CHRONIC PROSTATITIS, Urology & Nephrology, SEMEN PARAMETERS, Infertility, male, Sperm agglutination, Spermatozoa, digestive system diseases, Psychiatry and Mental health, PREGNANCY RATES, Health Care Sciences & Services, surgical procedures, operative, Reproductive Medicine, Infertility, SPERM AUTOANTIBODIES, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, SUBFERTILE MEN
Abstract

Antisperm antibodies (ASA), as a cause of male infertility, have been detected in infertile males as early as 1954. Multiple causes of ASA production have been identified, and they are due to an abnormal exposure of mature germ cells to the immune system. ASA testing (with mixed anti-globulin reaction, and immunobead binding test) was described in the WHO manual 5th edition and is most recently listed among the extended semen tests in the WHO manual 6th edition. The relationship between ASA and infertility is somewhat complex. The presence of sperm agglutination, while insufficient to diagnose immunological infertility, may indicate the presence of ASA. However, ASA can also be present in the absence of any sperm agglutination. The andrological management of ASA depends on the etiology and individual practices of clinicians. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the causes of ASA production, its role in immunological male infertility, clinical indications of ASA testing, and the available therapeutic options. We also provide the details of laboratory procedures for assessment of ASA together with important measures for quality control. Additionally, laboratory and clinical scenarios are presented to guide the reader in the management of ASA and immunological male infertility. Furthermore, we report the results of a recent worldwide survey, conducted to gather information about clinical practices in the management of immunological male infertility.

Published
2022

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