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The microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometer has been used for multielement determination in South American wine samples. The analytes were determined after acid digestion of 47 samples of Brazilian and Argentine wine and the application of logistic regression, support vector machine, and decision tree for exploratory analysis and the comparison of these algorithms in differentiating red wine samples by region of origin. The Brazilian wines samples were clustering in a group, while Argentines wines samples formed another cluster. The quantification limits (mg L-1) were P (0.06); B (0.08); K (0.17); Mn (0.002); Cr (0.002) and Al (0.02). The accuracy of the method was evaluated analyzing the wine samples by ICP OES for results comparison. The concentration in mg L-1 found for each element in wine samples, were Al (< 0.02 - 1.82), Cr (0.15 - 0.50), Mn (< 0.002 - 0.8), P (97 - 277), B (1.7 - 11.6), Pb (< 0.06 - 0.3), Na (8.84 - 41.57) and K (604 - 1701), in mg L-1.

In this work, microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry was applied for multielement determination in South American wine samples. The analytes were determined after acid digestion of 47 samples of Brazilian and Argentinian wines. Then, logistic regression, support vector machine, and decision tree for exploratory analysis and comparison of these algorithms in differentiating red wine samples by region of origin were carried out. All wine samples were classified according to their geographical origin. The quantification limits (mg L

The use of statistical tools in the optimization of bioactive extraction processes increases efficiency and reduces process costs, indicating the optimal conditions for obtaining the best results. The objective of this work was to optimize an ultrasound-assisted extraction procedure and to quantify phenolic compounds in Capsicum frutescens samples. In the optimization of the extraction solution, simplex-centroid mixture design for the proportions optimization of the extractor components (water, methanol, and ethanol) was used. A two-level factorial design (23) was used for the preliminary evaluation of the factors that influenced the extraction process; before this step, a Box-Behnken design was carried out to optimize the factors of solvent volume, sonication time, and temperature with the desirability function as a response. The best mixture composition was 95% methanol and 5% water and the best experimental conditions for the process variables were 16 mL, 15 min, and 55 °C. Applying the method to pepper samples, twelve compounds were determined by HPLC–DAD. The relative standard deviations (RSD) found for all analytes were lower than 3.0%. The accuracy was evaluated using addition/recovery test with recoveries between 81 and 95%. The Box-Behnken and mixture designs are efficient tools for optimizing the analytical method using ultrasound to extract phenolic compounds from C. frutescens. The procedure was applied for extraction phenolics compounds in three papers samples and the concentrations found were trans-cinnamic acid (

Physalis angulata is a medicinal plant with potential to treat several diseases due to the presence of secondary metabolites, such as phenolic compounds. The influence of the application of different abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations on the composition of phenolic compounds and gas exchange was evaluated on the Physalis angulata leaves. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil, with potted plants. At 45 days after sowing, the plants were separated into groups and the following treatments were applied: 0, 25, 50, 100 and 150 μmol L−1 of ABA. Two days after the treatments application, the gas leaf exchange (liquid photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, mesophilic CO2 concentration and the relationship between atmospheric CO2 concentration and mesophilic CO2 concentration) between 9:00 and 11:00 was measured using an infrared gas analizer (IRGA). Four days after ABA spraying, some plants showed senescence symptoms, and therefore they were collected and taken to the stove until reached a constant dry mass. The total phenolics, caffeic acid, rutin, and trans-cinnamic were evaluated in response to the ABA. The ABA application increased the synthesis of total phenolic compounds up to 50 μmol L−1 concentration. The ABA application did not interfere with the caffeic acid synthesis. However, the rutin concentration increased regardless of ABA concentration that was applied and for trans-cinnamic acid, there was an increase up to the concentration of 100 μmol L−1. The ABA application caused stomatal closure and, consequently, the leaf gas exchange of Physalis angulata reduced.

The present work aimed to analyze the mineral nutrition of Physalis angulata L. under stress by aluminum in the nutrient solution. The treatments consisted of five different concentrations of aluminum in the nutrient solution (0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, and 0.16 mmol L−1) in the AlCl3 form. The plants were exposed to Al for 30 days. Subsequently, nutritional and aluminum analyses were performed on plant tissue. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (p

Varietie”Carlota” mango is a native species with great commercial appeal in some regions of Bahia due to its very attractive organoleptic characteristics, with great potential for processing and also as a nutrient source from the peel and pulp to increase a healthier diet. For that matter, this work aimed to carry out biometric and chemical analyzes of the peel and pulp of mango Var. “Carlota”. to obtain information about their agro-industrial, functional, and nutritional characteristics. To carry out the work, physical, chemical (biochemical, mineral) and instrumental color analyzes were performed. According to the results, it can be concluded that: The characteristics of the fruit, such as pulp yield, content of soluble solids and color, distinguish mango Var. “Carlota” with good potential for both fresh fruit consumption and processing. The peel and pulp chemical composition demonstrated the existence of high levels of nutrients and suggest that they can be used to enrich diets, stimulating the development of new products. Vitamin C and total phenolics levels give great functional importance to the fruits, which used frequently can contribute to the reduction and prevention of some diseases. The content for most macronutrients were higher for the peel than for pulp. Peels are normally discarded in nature which consists of a great waste of nutrients due to a lack of use, and an increased level. KEYWORDS: native fruits, centesimal composition, peel, and pulp. RESUMO:A manga Variedade “Carlota” é uma espécie nativa que apresenta forte apelo comercial em algumas regiões da Bahia em função das suas características organolépticas muito atrativas, apresentando grande expectativa quanto ao processamento bem como fonte de nutrientes da casca e polpa para incrementar uma dieta mais saudável. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar análises biométricas e químicas da casca e polpa da manga Var.“Carlota” visando obter informações quanto ás características agroindustrial, funcional e nutricional. Para realização do trabalho, foram realizadas análises físicas, químicas (bioquímicas, minerais) e cor instrumental. De acordo com os resultados, as características do fruto como rendimento de polpa, teor de sólidos solúveis e cor, elegem a manga Var. “Carlota” com bom potencial para o consumo de fruto fresco tal como processamento. A composição química da casca e polpa demonstraram a existência de elevados teores de nutrientes e sugerem que podem ser usados no enriquecimento de dietas alimentares estimulando a elaboração de novos produtos. Os teores de vitamina C e fenólicos totais conferem grande importância funcional aos frutos e que utilizados frequentemente podem contribui na redução e prevenção de algumas doenças. Os teores de macronutrientes da casca em sua maioria foram superiores ao da polpa e que normalmente são descartados na natureza e ajuda a entender a quantidade de nutrientes que são desperdiçados pela falta de seu uso corriqueiro. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: frutas nativas, composição centesimal, casca e polpa.

A sample pretreatment based on an extraction process by emulsion breaking for multi-element determination in edible oils was developed. The determination of eight trace elements (Al, Ba, Cu, Cr, P, Ni, Ti, and Zn) was carried out by microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES) after the extraction procedure. A D-optimal mixture experimental design was used to obtain the best experimental conditions for the extraction induced by emulsion breaking (EIEB). The proportion of HNO3 solution, Triton X-100 solution and sample was evaluated in a multivariate manner. The best recovery efficiency was obtained with 1.0 mL of 30% (v/v) HNO3, 1.0 mL of 30% (w/v) Triton-X 100 and 3.0 mL of the sample. The precisions, established as the relative standard deviation (RSD, %), were better than 2.5% for all analytes. The developed method was applied to the analysis of commercial vegetable oils with low limits of detection and good precision. Fil: Carneiro, Angélica Fagundes. Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia; Brasil Fil: Carneiro, Candice Nóbrega. Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia; Brasil Fil: Pires, Laís de N.. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasil Fil: Teixeira, Leonardo S. G.. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasil Fil: Azcarate, Silvana Mariela. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; Argentina Fil: Dias, Fabio de Sousa. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasil

This study proposes a method based on solid-phase extraction using a minicolumn with sugarcane bagasse for pre-concentration uranium in water samples. The first optimization step was used factorial design in two levels (25) for the preliminary assessment of factors: elution flow, sample flow, pH, buffer concentration, and eluent concentration. From this design, it was found that all variables showed significant influence. In the second stage, using the Doehlert design with 5 variables, the optimal conditions were determined: pH 8.3, flow elution 5.5 mL min−1, buffer concentration 0.045 mol L−1, sample flow 5.5 mL L−1, and eluent solution (ascorbic acid 0.6% w/v in medium of hydrochloric acid at a final concentration of 0.06 mol L−1). The method was applied to the determination of uranium with a detection limit (LD) of 0.41 μg L−1 and quantification (LOQ) of 1.40 μg L−1, Relative standard deviation (RSD) 2.5 and 1.3% uranium concentration of 20 and 60 μg L−1, respectively. The factor of pre-concentration for the system is 46 for a sample volume of 50 mL. The accuracy was confirmed by the spike test. The procedure was applied for the determination of uranium in tap water, well water, and human consumption; the samples were collected in the municipalities of Caetite, Cruz das Almas, Itabuna, Aramari-BA, and seawater samples from Todos os Santos Bay. Uranium concentrations were found in the analyzed samples varying from 7.0 to 16.5 μg L−1.

The present work aimed to analyze the mineral nutrition of Physalis angulata L. under stress by aluminum in the nutrient solution. The treatments consisted of five different concentrations of aluminum in the nutrient solution (0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, and 0.16 mmol L

The chili pepper is highly valued for its pungency and nutritional value, in addition to being a good source of phenolic compounds. Several factors affect the production of phenolics in the plant, including plant regulators. In this context, the present work aims to evaluate the influence of ABA, GA3, and SA in the production of phenolic compounds in Capsicum frutescens. It was applied 10 mmol L−1 of ABA, 144 mmol L−1 of GA3, 2000 mmol L of SA−1 and the control (C) (solution without regulators) in fruits of C. frutescens. The results show that chili pepper presented a good variety of phenolics, ranging from phenolic acids (benzoic and cinnamic acids) to flavonoids (flavonols and flavan-3-ols) and that phenolic concentrations were significantly altered in fruits treated with GA3, ABA and SA compared to control fruits. In addition, the PCA and HCA separated the samples into three groups, C, ABA, and a group with GA3 and SA, with the ABA group having the highest phenolic content and the C group the lowest. Plant regulators (GA3, ABA and SA) influence the synthesis of phenolic compounds in C. frutescens fruits.

In the present work, a method was developed, optimized, and validated for the determination of aluminum, manganese, lead, copper, cadmium, and zinc by microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry of wine samples from the Sao Francisco Valley, northeastern Brazil. The samples were subjected to a sonochemical treatment aiming at the degradation of the sample matrix. To optimize the analytical procedure, initially, a two-level fractional factorial design was used to study five experimental variables and determine which ones significantly affected the analytical response. In a second step, the significant variables were optimized using the Doehlert matrix as the response surface methodology and the desirability function as a strategy to optimize multiple responses. The optimum conditions established were concentrations of nitric acid (2.3 mol L−1) and hydrogen peroxide (9%). The developed method is simple, fast, and precise, has a low operational cost and low limits of detection and quantification. The accuracy confirmed by spike tests with recoveries ranging from 104 to 118% and comparative analysis of the results obtained using the proposed method and digestion total procedure. The method was applied for multi-element determination in three wine samples.

In the present work, a method based on the Ultrasound-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (US-DLLME) for the preconcentration of melatonin in Brazilian and Argentinian wine samples prior to the determination by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector HPLC-DAD was developed. Sample prep optimization was carried out in two stages. First, a full factorial design was executed to evaluate the variables significance. The second step consisted of significant variables optimization (pH, extraction volume, sonication time, centrifugation time) using a Doehlert matrix to determine the critical values. Optimal US-DLLME extraction conditions were as follows: pH of 4.5, sonication time of 6.8 min, centrifugation time of 2.5 min, extractor volume of 250 µL and 5.0 mL of sample. The organic phase was retrieved with a microsyringe to a glass tube, dried and diluted with the mobile phase prior injection. The method presented a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.23 μg L-1 and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.70 μg L-1. The precision expressed as relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was 0.8 % and 1.9 % at 10.0 and 1.0 μg L-1, respectively. Accuracy was confirmed by comparison of the results found by the proposed methods with an alternative method, and spike tests with recuperations ranging from 92 to 103%. the analyzed samples showed concentrations varying from 2.2 to 5.0 μg L−1.

This study aimed to determine ellagic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, quercetin, and melatonin in samples of wines from Brazil, the São Francisco Valley region, and Argentina. The phenolic compounds and melatonin were determined by UPLC MS/MS. Quercetin was the compound found in major quantities in Argentine wines. In some bottles of Brazilian wines, vanillic acid and ellagic acid were found in higher bottles compared to Argentine wines. As for syringic acid, as selected filters in Brazilian wines, they were inferior in samples in Argentine wines. PCA and HCA were carried out to group the data obtained according to the region of origin of the wines. Fil: Carneiro, Candice N.. Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia; Brasil Fil: Gomez, Federico Jose Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina Fil: Spisso, Adrián Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina Fil: Silva, María Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentina Fil: Azcarate, Silvana Mariela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; Argentina Fil: De S. Dias, Fabio. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasil