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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) treatment in comparison to those of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists for the prevention of premature luteinizing hormone surges during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (OS) and the impact of these effects on developing embryos and pregnancy outcomes. Data from 757 cycles of GnRH antagonist treatment and 756 cycles of MPA treatment were evaluated at the Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine Assisted Reproductive Treatment Center between October 2018 and April 2022. Patient records were obtained from the electronic database of the centre and analysed. In our centre, GnRH antagonist protocols were used between 2018 and 2020, and MPA protocols were used between 2020 and 2022. We chose our study population by year. Our study is a comparative retrospective study. All methods in this study were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Patients using MPA were significantly older (33.9 ± 5.6 vs. 32.6 ± 5.6, p

Background: Ligneous cervicitis is a rarely reported disease in the literature, and it is commonly misdiagnosed as genital cancer. Patients with ligneous cervicitis can have multiple systemic problems. The lesions resemble malignancies. Multiple biopsies are essential for the diagnosis. Herein, we present 2 cases of ligneous cervicitis, both of which had plasminogen deficiency. Our aim in this report was to discuss these cases with guidance of the literature. Conclusion: Ligneous cervicitis commonly mimics female genital cancers. Hence, it is very important to utilize a multidisciplinary approach in making a differential diagnosis.

Background: Carcinosarcoma is a rare malignancy of the female reproductive system, consisting of carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. It originates from the paramesonephric and mesonephric duct residues and is also called malignant mixed Mullerian tumor. Case Presentation: A 58-year-old post-menopausal woman, gravida 2, parity 2, who had no known diseases and no previous surgery presented to another clinic with pelvic pain that had been persisting for about a year and vaginal bleeding for the past month. There was continuous bleeding that was not associated with coitus, and cervical biopsy was reported as carcinosarcoma of heterologous type (the epithelial part was serous carcinoma and the mesenchymal part was chondrosarcoma); the patient was referred to our clinic and underwent evaluation. Conclusion: Effective follow-up is very important considering the aggressive clinical picture of carcinosarcoma cases. It should be kept in mind that metastasis may occur, especially in cases with hypercalcemia and deterioration of the general condition.

Abstract It should be kept in mind that non‐Hodgkin lymphoma may involve uterine cervix and a multidisciplinary approach should be adopted.

We present recent results of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements for interdigitated electrode arrays (IDAs) ranging from several micrometers down to hundreds of nanometers. Simulations have shown that the electric field strength between the electrodes scales with the gap size. Therefore, electrodes of varying gap sizes were fabricated and functionalized with ssDNA to empirically validate these findings. The results have shown that the impedimetric response strongly correlates with the width of the electrode fingers: the smaller the electrode gap, the larger the impedance increase.