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1. Evaluación de la memoria mediante resonancia magnética funcional: aplicaciones en pacientes prequirúrgicos y en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

Author

Mallol R, Martinez Lozano, César Ávila, Maria-Antònia Parcet, Campos Hernandez S, Feliu Tatay R, Alfonso Barros, Gonzalez Darder Jm, and Cristina Forn

Subjects
Brain chemistry, business.industry, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), General Medicine, business, Humanities, Temporal lobe surgery
Abstract

La evaluacion de las funciones de memoria relacionadas con estructuras del lobulo temporal medial se ha convertido en uno de los pilares mas importantes en la Neuropsicologia actual, dada su extrema relevancia en enfermedades como las demencias y las epilepsias temporales. En esta comunicacion revisaremos los resultados que nuestro grupo de investigacion ha obtenido con la utilizacion de sendos protocolos de evaluacion de la memoria mediante resonancia magnetica funcional (RMf): la tarea de ?Paseo por tu Ciudad? (PPTC) y la tarea de ?codificacion/recuerdo? de imagenes complejas. La tarea de PPTC se ha aplicado a un grupo de nueve pacientes candidatos a neurocirugia por lesiones en el lobulo temporal, y se obtuvo en todos ellos una representacion bilateral o contralesional de la memoria. Los resultados coinciden con los obtenidos en el estudio original de Jokeit, Okujava y Woermann (2001) y parecen mostrar que este protocolo sirve para determinar la preservacion o no de la funcion mnesica en el hemisferio lesionado. Por su parte, la tarea de codificacion/recuerdo de imagenes se ha administrado a un grupo de cuatro pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer, cuatro con deterioro cognitivo leve y cinco participantes controles. De acuerdo con nuestras hipotesis, los resultados han mostrado una menor activacion en la circunvolucion parahipocampal izquierda en el grupo con deterioro cognitivo leve que en el grupo control, asi como una menor activacion bilateral en esas estructuras en el grupo con enfermedad de Alzheimer, si se compara con el grupo control. Nuestros resultados, en conjunto, muestran la importancia que en el futuro tendra la RMf en la evaluacion neuropsicologica de la memoria, y en el diagnostico de las enfermedades del sistema nervioso central.

Published
2004
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2. [Memory evaluation using functional magnetic resonance: applications in preoperative patients and in Alzheimer s disease].

Author

Avila C, Parcet MA, Barros A, Forn C, Mallol R, Gonzalez Darder JM, Feliu Tatay R, Martinez Lozano MD, and Campos Hernandez S

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Alzheimer Disease diagnosis, Alzheimer Disease metabolism, Brain Chemistry, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms complications, Brain Neoplasms diagnosis, Brain Neoplasms metabolism, Brain Neoplasms pathology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe complications, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe pathology, Female, Humans, Language Disorders prevention & control, Limbic System chemistry, Limbic System physiopathology, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, Memory Disorders diagnosis, Memory Disorders etiology, Memory Disorders metabolism, Memory Disorders prevention & control, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Postoperative Complications prevention & control, Temporal Lobe chemistry, Temporal Lobe physiopathology, Alzheimer Disease pathology, Anterior Temporal Lobectomy, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe surgery, Limbic System pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Memory Disorders pathology, Preoperative Care, Temporal Lobe pathology
Abstract

The assessment of memory functions related to medial temporal lobe has become one of the most important issues on current neuropsychology. On this communication, we review the results which our research group has achieved using two functional magnetic resonance Image procedures to assess memory function: Hometown walking task and an encoding/retrieval task using complex images. Nine patients with tumoural temporal lesions performed the hometown walking task. The results of these patients showed either a bilateral or contralesional representation of memory function. These results confirm those obtained by Jokeit, Okujava y Woermann (2001), and they seem to prove that this protocol is useful to determine the preservation of memory function in the non damaged hemisphere. On the other hand, the images encoding/retrieval task has been run by two groups of four patients diagnosed as Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment, and another group of five patients who participated as a control group. According to our hypothesis, the results have shown a lower activation at the left parahippocampal gyrus in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease patients than controls, just as a lower bilateral activation in the same structure for the Alzheimer group than the control group. As a whole, our results show how important may become functional magnetic resonance image for neuropsychological assessment of memory, and as a diagnostic tool for CNS diseases.

Published
2004

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