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2. Ethics, Rigour and Agility of Research and Evaluation Methods in a Changing Social and Clinical Context: Reflections from a Psychosocial Research Centre on the Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Morton, Kate, Calman, Lynn, Grimmett, Chloe, Wright, David, White, Helen, Young, Julie, Radcliffe, Eloise, and Foster, Claire

Abstract

The Centre for Psychosocial Research in Cancer conducts world-leading research and service evaluations to support well-being and quality of life amongst those affected by cancer. This paper reflects on how we adapted our research management and study methods during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the implications for ongoing research practice. We use four case studies to consider the benefits and challenges of adapting to remote approaches to research and evaluation delivery: maintaining high ethical standards and data security in evaluation projects with remote approvals; recruiting for and running online discussion groups to inform intervention development; designing and delivering an in-person intervention via video conferencing; and adapting a longitudinal qualitative study to focus on newly emerging issues. We reflect on how we can maintain quality and rigour when conducting remote research and evaluation, and how this can affect our experience as researchers. We also consider possible implications of the uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic for the funding and design of future research and evaluations.

Published
2023
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4. 207 Exploring the experiences of rural and coastal people with lung cancer and their informal carers' in accessing and engaging in treatment: A qualitative interview study

Author

Cooke, Samuel, primary, Mitchinson, Lucy, additional, McInnerney, Daisy, additional, Quaife, Samantha L, additional, Pogson, Zara, additional, Skinner, Dawn, additional, Civello, Sarah, additional, Harding-Bell, Ava, additional, Kane, Ros, additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Selby, Peter, additional, Januszewski, Adam, additional, Lapuente, Maria, additional, Reeves, Annie, additional, Ricketts, William, additional, Knowles, Brian, additional, Peake, Michael D, additional, and Nelson, David, additional

Published
2024
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5. 111 Patient, professional and carer experiences of communicating a lung cancer diagnosis: A systematic review of qualitative evidence

Author

Cooke, Samuel, primary, Gebre, Yordanos, additional, Clark, Jessica, additional, Arslan Argin, Aslihan, additional, Kane, Ros, additional, Quaife, Samantha L, additional, McInnerney, Daisy, additional, Mitchinson, Lucy, additional, Pogson, Zara, additional, Skinner, Dawn, additional, Civello, Sarah, additional, Harding-Bell, Ava, additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Selby, Peter, additional, Knowles, Brian, additional, Peake, Michael D, additional, and Nelson, David, additional

Published
2024
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6. Trauma-informed palliative care for humanitarian crises

Author

de Groot, Janet M., primary, Miller, Danielle S., additional, Willis, Kelcie D., additional, Green, Tamara, additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Feldstain, Andrea, additional, Rao, Seema R., additional, Bahcivan, Ozan, additional, and Fehon, Dwain C., additional

Published
2024
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10. Ethics, rigour and agility of research and evaluation methods in a changing social and clinical context: Reflections from a psychosocial research centre on the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Morton, Kate, Calman, Lynn, Grimmett, Chloe, Wright, David, White, Helen, Young, Julie, Radcliffe, Eloise, and Foster, Claire

Subjects
General Social Sciences
Abstract

The Centre for Psychosocial Research in Cancer conducts world-leading research and service evaluations to support well-being and quality of life amongst those affected by cancer. This paper reflects on how we adapted our research management and study methods during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the implications for ongoing research practice. We use four case studies to consider the benefits and challenges of adapting to remote approaches to research and evaluation delivery: maintaining high ethical standards and data security in evaluation projects with remote approvals; recruiting for and running online discussion groups to inform intervention development; designing and delivering an in-person intervention via video conferencing; and adapting a longitudinal qualitative study to focus on newly emerging issues. We reflect on how we can maintain quality and rigour when conducting remote research and evaluation, and how this can affect our experience as researchers. We also consider possible implications of the uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic for the funding and design of future research and evaluations.

Published
2023

14. Thoracic umbrella radiotherapy study in stage IV NSCLC: TOURIST

Author

Woolf, David, primary, Wickens, Robin, additional, Hack, Joanna, additional, Sutton, Chris, additional, Corkhill, Andrea, additional, Eberhart, Izabella, additional, Hill, Kayleigh, additional, Ewings, Sean, additional, Camacho, Elizabeth, additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Hancock, Amy, additional, Ahmed, Merina, additional, Taylor, Amy, additional, Rawlinson, Janette, additional, Gath, Jacqui, additional, Shah, Riyaz, additional, Lee, Caroline, additional, Hiley, Crispin, additional, Griffiths, Gareth, additional, and Hatton, Matthew, additional

Published
2023
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15. Embedding qualitative research in lung cancer trials: Thoracic Umbrella Radiotherapy Study in stage IV NSCLC: TOURIST

Author

Calman, Lynn, primary, Hancock, Amy, additional, Lee, Caroline, additional, Wickens, Robin, additional, Hack, Joanna, additional, Sutton, Chris, additional, Corkhill, Andrea, additional, Eberhart, Izabella, additional, Hill, Kayleigh, additional, Ewings, Sean, additional, Camacho, Elizabeth, additional, Ahmed, Merina, additional, Rawlinson, Janette, additional, Gath, Jacqui, additional, Hiley, Crispin, additional, Griffiths, Gareth, additional, Woolf, David, additional, and Hatton, Matthew, additional

Published
2023
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16. Patients' views of nurses' clinical competence : a grounded theory approach

Author

Calman, Lynn Ann

Subjects
615.5
Abstract

This thesis examines, from the viewpoint of the patient, what is meant by competent nursing and how, with this perspective in mind, patients would regard the prospect of assessing the competence of nurses. The study utilises a grounded theory approach. Twenty-seven patients were interviewed about their views of nursing care. Preliminary data collection was undertaken in general medical and surgical areas. A theoretical sampling strategy was developed to include more experienced patients in three specialty areas renal dialysis, cystic fibrosis and diabetes care. Data were analysed, in keeping with the grounded theory tradition, utilising the constant comparative method. Patients described the process of becoming a patient and how they come to understand the complex social world of the hospital and the role of nurses within this. They identified the features of a good nursing encounter as being patient led, personal and individualised. Patients also identified their own responsibilities, specifically how to be a ‘good’ patient. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of the quality of the nursing encounter – the nurse/patient relationship, individualised patient care and empathy for example. This study specifically raises the issue that patients take technical competence for granted and highlights the important finding that when technical competence is assumed than these interpersonal factors become the most important indicator of the quality of nursing care. These personal and highly individual encounters between the patient and nurse and personality characteristics displayed such as caring and kindness, empathy and sense of vocation are difficult to measure or make objective judgements about. Although patients can discriminate between nurses who have these attributes and skills, being involved with the formal assessment of these attributes is considered a difficult prospect. The study findings emphasise that patient assessment of nursing competence is complex and implications for nurse education and service provision are highlighted.

Published
2004

23. Quality of life and health status in older adults (≥65 years) up to five years following colorectal cancer treatment: Findings from the ColoREctal Wellbeing (CREW) cohort study

Author

Cummings, Amanda, primary, Foster, Rebecca, additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Permyakova, Natalia V., additional, Bridges, Jackie, additional, Wiseman, Theresa, additional, Corbett, Teresa, additional, Smith, Peter W. F., additional, and Foster, Claire, additional

Published
2022
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27. A web-based intervention (RESTORE) to support self-management of cancer-related fatigue following primary cancer treatment: a multi-centre proof of concept randomised controlled trial

Author

Foster, Claire, Grimmett, Chloe, May, Christine M., Ewings, Sean, Myall, Michelle, Hulme, Claire, Smith, Peter W., Powers, Cassandra, Calman, Lynn, Armes, Jo, Breckons, Matthew, Corner, Jessica, Fenlon, Deborah, Batehup, Lynn, Lennan, Elaine, R. May, Carl, Morris, Carolyn, Neylon, Amanda, Ream, Emma, Turner, Lesley, Yardley, Lucy, and Richardson, Alison

Published
2016
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28. Skill-Mix and Policy Change in the Health Workforce: Nurses in Advanced Roles. OECD Health Working Papers, No. 17

Author

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Buchan, James, and Calman, Lynn

Abstract

An important potential contribution to the efficient use of the health workforce, is the possibility of "skill mix" changes. "Skill mix" is a relatively broad term which can refer to the mix of staff in the workforce or the demarcation of roles and activities among different categories of staff. Most of the policy attention on using skill-mix changes to improve health system performance has been on the mix between physicians and nurses. Skill-mix changes may involve a variety of developments including enhancement of skills among a particular group of staff, substitution between different groups, delegation up and down a uni-discipliniary ladder, and innovation in roles. Such changes may be driven by a variety of motives including service innovation, shortages of particular categories of worker (especially in inner cities or rural areas), quality improvement, and a desire to improve the cost- effectiveness of service delivery. There are large differences in reported physician/nurse ratios across OECD countries and evidence of significant changes over time in some countries. This raises the issue of the direction of change and its desirability. This report examines skill-mix changes between physicians and nurses both in primary care and in the hospital setting. The report has three components: (1) literature review; (2) assessment of country returns to an OECD survey; and (3) detailed country case studies, on England and the United States. (Country Case Studies and Questionnaire are annexed. Contains 4 footnotes, 1 figure and 9 tables.)

Published
2005
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29. Same storm, different boat: The global impact of COVID‐19 on palliative care.

Author

Willis, Kelcie D., Rao, Seema Rajesh, Normen, Michelle, de Groot, Janet, Calman, Lynn, Bahcivan, Ozan, Centeno, Isabel, and Fehon, Dwain C.

Subjects
PALLIATIVE treatment, COVID-19 pandemic, COMPLICATED grief, COMMUNITIES
Abstract

Objective: The COVID‐19 pandemic has had a complex and profound impact on the provision of palliative care globally. To support learning from palliative care providers and researchers worldwide, the Education Subcommittee of International Psycho‐Oncology Society (IPOS) Palliative Care Special Interest Group developed a webinar with presentations by and discussion with eight international palliative care leaders. Methods: Presentations were content rich; the speakers used both quantitative (e.g., sharing recent statistical findings) and qualitative (e.g., narrative storytelling, anecdotal experiences) approaches to portray the effect of COVID‐19 in their region. Subsequent to the webinar, the committee collectively identified five themes conveyed by the presenters through consensus. Results: The themes included: (1) altered accessibility to palliative care, with socio‐economic status impacting virtual health availability; (2) reduced opportunities to preserve dignity, as survival has been prioritized over preserving the humanity of patients and their loved ones; (3) complicated grief and bereavement arising from social distancing requirements; (4) greater awareness of the importance of sustaining health provider well‐being; and (5) the development of valuable innovations across nations, institutions, disciplines, and communities. Conclusions: Overall, the webinar facilitated valuable connection for global learning and identified opportunities for research and clinical interventions. In an ongoing crisis that has exacerbated isolation, we will need to continue to learn and lean on one another as a global community to navigate ongoing challenges of the COVID‐19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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30. Modifiable pre-treatment factors are associated with quality of life in women with gynaecological cancers at diagnosis and one year later: Results from the HORIZONS UK national cohort study

Author

Glasspool, Rosalind, primary, Wheelwright, Sally, additional, Bolton, Victoria, additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Cummings, Amanda, additional, Elledge, Beryl, additional, Foster, Rebecca, additional, Frankland, Jane, additional, Smith, Peter, additional, Stannard, Sebastian, additional, Turner, Joshua, additional, Wright, David, additional, and Foster, Claire, additional

Published
2022
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31. ‘It feels it’s wasting whatever time I’ve got left’: A qualitative study of living with treatable but not curable cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Radcliffe, Eloise, primary, Khan, Aysha, additional, Wright, David, additional, Berman, Richard, additional, Demain, Sara, additional, Foster, Claire, additional, Restorick-Banks, Susan, additional, Richardson, Alison, additional, Wagland, Richard, additional, and Calman, Lynn, additional

Published
2021
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32. ‘No turning back’ Psycho-oncology in the time of COVID-19 - insights from a survey of UK professionals

Author

Archer, Stephanie, Holch, Patricia, Armes, Jo, Calman, Lynn, Foster, Claire, Gelcich, Sarah, MacLennan, Sara Jane, Absolom, Kate, Archer, Stephanie [0000-0003-1349-7178], Holch, Patricia [0000-0002-4255-8315], Armes, Jo [0000-0002-7994-0796], Calman, Lynn [0000-0002-9964-6017], Foster, Claire [0000-0002-4703-8378], Gelcich, Sarah [0000-0002-7891-0851], MacLennan, Sara Jane [0000-0003-1405-6964], Absolom, Kate [0000-0002-5477-6643], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Psycho-Oncology, education, Psycho‐Oncology, Psycho-oncology, coronavirus, Social Sciences, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Qualitative property, 03 medical and health sciences, Survey methodology, 0302 clinical medicine, COVID‐19, Psychology, Multidisciplinary, Pandemic, Psychology, cancer, survey methodology, 1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, SWOT analysis, Medical education, Science & Technology, research, COVID-19, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Clinical Correspondence, Biomedical Social Sciences, United Kingdom, Social Sciences, Biomedical, Psychiatry and Mental health, Work (electrical), Oncology, 1701 Psychology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Psychosocial, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Key pointsTo gain insight on UK professionals' experiences and views of the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on psycho‐oncology activity, the British Psychosocial Oncology Society (BPOS) conducted an online survey of members and UK colleaguesQualitative data from 94 respondents were analysed thematically. Key themes were summarised using the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) frameworkProfessionals reported severe disruptions in delivering clinical and supportive care to people affected by cancer and associated research activity. There were major concerns that the full impact of the pandemic is yet to be realised.In both care and research settings, the pandemic has also been an impetus for positive changes in working practices, technology adoption, reducing process barriers and fostering collaborations which has to potential to be sustained.To mitigate ongoing challenges, is it vital that cancer organisations work together to adapt and promote psycho‐oncology activity to maximise benefit for patients and professionals in the longer‐term.

Published
2020

33. International perspectives on suboptimal patient‐reported outcome trial design and reporting in cancer clinical trials: A qualitative study

Author

Retzer, Ameeta, primary, Calvert, Melanie, additional, Ahmed, Khaled, additional, Keeley, Thomas, additional, Armes, Jo, additional, Brown, Julia M., additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Gavin, Anna, additional, Glaser, Adam W., additional, Greenfield, Diana M., additional, Lanceley, Anne, additional, Taylor, Rachel M., additional, Velikova, Galina, additional, Brundage, Michael, additional, Efficace, Fabio, additional, Mercieca‐Bebber, Rebecca, additional, King, Madeleine T., additional, and Kyte, Derek, additional

Published
2021
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36. Self‐management in older people living with cancer and multi‐morbidity: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies

Author

Corbett, Teresa, Cummings, Amanda, Calman, Lynn, Farrington, Naomi, Fenerty, Vicky, Foster, Claire, Richardson, Alison, Wiseman, Theresa, and Bridges, Jackie

Abstract

ObjectiveMany older people with cancer live with multimorbidity. Little is understood about the cumulative impact of old age, cancer and multimorbidity on self‐management. This qualitative systematic review and synthesis aimed to identify what influences self‐management from the perspective of older adults living with cancer and multimorbidity.MethodsSix databases were systematically searched for primary qualitative research reporting older adults' experiences of living with cancer and multimorbidity (eg, Medline, Embase, and CINAHL). A thematic synthesis was guided by Shippee's model of cumulative complexity. Text labelled as results in the included papers was treated as data.ResultsTwenty‐eight studies were included. While the included studies varied in their focus, our analysis highlighted a number of important themes consistent across the studies. Health conditions with the greatest negative impact on independent living assumed the greatest importance, sometimes meaning their cancer was a low priority. Self‐management practices seen as likely to interfere with quality of life were deprioritized unless viewed as necessary to maintain independence. When burden outweighed capacity, people were reluctant to ask for help from others in their social network. The contribution of formal healthcare services to supporting self‐management was relatively peripheral.ConclusionsOld age and multimorbidity together may complicate self‐management after cancer, threatening health and well‐being, creating burden and diminishing capacity. Older adults prioritized self‐management practices they considered most likely to enable them to continue to live independently.The protocol was registered with Prospero (CRD42018107272).

Published
2020

37. Methadone Treatment

Author

Robertson, J. R., MacLeod, J., Calman, Lynn, Finch, Emily, Powis, Beverley, Strang, John, Merrill, John, Garvey, Tim, Rosson, Chris, Ford, Chris, Whitehead, Brian, Brewer, Colin, and Neill, Catherine

Published
1996

38. Additional file 1 of Peer support to maintain psychological wellbeing in people with advanced cancer: findings from a feasibility study for a randomised controlled trial

Author

Walshe, Catherine, Roberts, Diane, Calman, Lynn, Appleton, Lynda, Croft, Robert, Skevington, Suzanne, Lloyd-Williams, Mari, Grande, Gunn, and Algorta, Guillermo Perez

Abstract

Additional File 1. Supplementary Data file including tables Quality of Life Data (QLQ-C15-PAL), Depression PHQ 9, Social Support Scale: mMOS-SS, BriefCOPE data, CSNAT data.

Published
2020
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40. 192 - Thoracic umbrella radiotherapy study in stage IV NSCLC: TOURIST

Author

Woolf, David, Wickens, Robin, Hack, Joanna, Sutton, Chris, Corkhill, Andrea, Eberhart, Izabella, Hill, Kayleigh, Ewings, Sean, Camacho, Elizabeth, Calman, Lynn, Hancock, Amy, Ahmed, Merina, Taylor, Amy, Rawlinson, Janette, Gath, Jacqui, Shah, Riyaz, Lee, Caroline, Hiley, Crispin, Griffiths, Gareth, and Hatton, Matthew

Published
2023
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42. Prevalence and predictors of poor sexual well-being over 5 years following treatment for colorectal cancer: results from the ColoREctal Wellbeing (CREW) prospective longitudinal study

Author

Frankland, Jane, primary, Wheelwright, Sally, additional, Permyakova, Natalia V, additional, Wright, David, additional, Collaço, Nicole, additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Winter, Jane, additional, Fenlon, Deborah, additional, Richardson, Alison, additional, Smith, Peter W, additional, and Foster, Claire, additional

Published
2020
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43. Planning and optimising CHAT&PLAN: A conversation-based intervention to promote person-centred care for older people living with multimorbidity

Author

Corbett, Teresa K., primary, Cummings, Amanda, additional, Lee, Kellyn, additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Fenerty, Vicky, additional, Farrington, Naomi, additional, Lewis, Lucy, additional, Young, Alexandra, additional, Boddington, Hilary, additional, Wiseman, Theresa, additional, Richardson, Alison, additional, Foster, Claire, additional, and Bridges, Jackie, additional

Published
2020
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44. 'It feels it's wasting whatever time I've got left' : A qualitative study of living with treatable but not curable cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Radcliffe, Eloise, Khan, Aysha, Wright, David, Berman, Richard, Demain, Sara, Foster, Claire, Restorick-Banks, Susan, Richardson, Alison, Wagland, Richard, and Calman, Lynn

Subjects
TUMORS & psychology, CANCER patient psychology, WELL-being, CAREGIVERS, RESEARCH methodology, SELF-management (Psychology), INTERVIEWING, UNCERTAINTY, EXPERIENCE, QUALITATIVE research, PATIENTS' attitudes, ANXIETY, COVID-19 pandemic, LONGITUDINAL method
Abstract

Background: People living with cancer that is treatable but not curable have complex needs, often managing health at home, supported by those close to them. Challenges are likely to be exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic and the risk-reducing measures introduced in response. The impact of COVID-19 on those living with incurable, life-threatening conditions is little understood. Aim: To investigate the experiences and identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for people living with treatable not curable cancer and their informal carers. Design: Qualitative semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with 21 patients living with cancer that is treatable but not curable and 14 carers. Setting/ participants: Participants were part of a larger longitudinal qualitative study (ENABLE) on supported self-management for people living with cancer that is treatable but not curable. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic magnified uncertainty and anxiety and led to loss of opportunities to do things important to patients in the limited time they have left to live. Lack of face-to-face contact with loved ones had a significant impact on patients' and carers' emotional wellbeing. Carers experienced increased responsibilities but less access to formal and informal support and respite. While changes to treatment led to some concern about longer-term impact on health, most patients felt well-supported by healthcare teams. Conclusion: The study provides rich insights into the nature of challenges, uncertainty and lost opportunities resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic for patients and carers living with cancer that is treatable but not curable, which has wider resonance for people living with other life-limiting conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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50. A five year longitudinal study of people living with and beyond colorectal cancer: key findings from the ColoREctal Well-being (CREW) study

Author

Foster, Claire, primary, Wheelwright, Sally, additional, Calman, Lynn, additional, Sodergren, Samantha, additional, Cummings, Amanda, additional, Winter, Jane, additional, Din, Amy, additional, Fenlon, Deborah, additional, Smith, Peter, additional, and Committee, Members of the Study Advisory, additional

Published
2019
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