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1. Strategies of diaspore dispersal investment in Compositae: the case of the Andean highlands

Author

Global Environment Facility, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, Universidad de las Américas, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Calleva Foundation, Tovar, Carolina, Hudson, Lucia, Cuesta, Francisco, Meneses, Rosa Isela, Muriel, Priscilla, Hidalgo, Oriane, Palazzesi, Luis, Suarez Ballesteros, Carlos, Hunt, Eleanor Hammond, Diazgranados, Mauricio, Hind, D. J. Nicholas, Forest, Félix, Halloy, Stephan, Aguirre, Nikolay, Baker, William J., Beck, Stephan, Carilla, Julieta, Eguiguren, Paúl, Françoso, Elaine, Gámez, Luis E., Jaramillo, Ricardo, Llambí, Luis Daniel, Maurin, Olivier, Melcher, Inga, Muller, Gemma, Roy, Shyamali, Viñas, Paul, Yager, Karina, Viruel, Juan, Global Environment Facility, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, Universidad de las Américas, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Calleva Foundation, Tovar, Carolina, Hudson, Lucia, Cuesta, Francisco, Meneses, Rosa Isela, Muriel, Priscilla, Hidalgo, Oriane, Palazzesi, Luis, Suarez Ballesteros, Carlos, Hunt, Eleanor Hammond, Diazgranados, Mauricio, Hind, D. J. Nicholas, Forest, Félix, Halloy, Stephan, Aguirre, Nikolay, Baker, William J., Beck, Stephan, Carilla, Julieta, Eguiguren, Paúl, Françoso, Elaine, Gámez, Luis E., Jaramillo, Ricardo, Llambí, Luis Daniel, Maurin, Olivier, Melcher, Inga, Muller, Gemma, Roy, Shyamali, Viñas, Paul, Yager, Karina, and Viruel, Juan

Abstract

Background and Aims Understanding diaspore morphology and how much a species invests on dispersal appendages is key for improving our knowledge of dispersal in fragmented habitats. We investigate diaspore morphological traits in high-Andean Compositae and their main abiotic and biotic drivers and test whether they play a role in species distribution patterns across the naturally fragmented high-Andean grasslands. Methods We collected diaspore trait data for 125 Compositae species across 47 tropical high-Andean summits, focusing on achene length and pappus-to-achene length ratio, with the latter as a proxy of dispersal investment. We analysed the role of abiotic (temperature, elevation and latitude) and biotic factors (phylogenetic signal and differences between tribes) on diaspore traits and whether they are related to distribution patterns across the Andes, using phylogenomics, distribution modelling and community ecology analyses. Key Results Seventy-five percent of the studied species show small achenes (length¿<3.3 mm) and 67% have high dispersal investment (pappus length at least two times the achene length). Dispersal investment increases with elevation, possibly to compensate for lower air density, and achene length increases towards the equator, where non-seasonal climate prevails. Diaspore traits show significant phylogenetic signal, and higher dispersal investment is observed in Gnaphalieae, Astereae and Senecioneae, which together represent 72% of our species. High-Andean-restricted species found across the tropical Andes have, on average, the pappus four times longer than the achene, a significantly higher dispersal investment than species present only in the northern Andes or only in the central Andes. Conclusions Small achenes and high diaspore dispersal investment dominate among high-Andean Compositae, traits typical of mostly three tribes of African origin; but traits are also correlated with the environmental gradients within the high-Andean grassla

Published
2023

2. A comprehensive phylogenomic platform for exploring the angiosperm tree of life [Dataset]

Author

Calleva Foundation, Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation, Garfield Weston Foundation, Baker, William J., Bailey, Paul, Barber, Vanessa, Barker, Abigail, Bellot, Sidonie, Bishop, David, Botigué, Laura R., Brewer, Grace, Carruthers, Tom, Clarkson, James, Cook, Jeffrey, Cowan, Robyn, Dodsworth, Steven, Epitawalage, Niroshini, Françoso, Elaine, Gallego, Berta, Johnson, Matthew, Kim, Jan, Leempoel, Kevin, Maurin, Olivier, McGinnie, Catherine, Pokorny, Lisa, Roy, Shyamali, Stone, Malcolm, Toledo, Eduardo, Wickett, Norman, Zuntini, Alexandre, Eiserhardt, Wolf, Kersey, Paul, Leitch, Ilia J., Forest, Félix, Calleva Foundation, Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation, Garfield Weston Foundation, Baker, William J., Bailey, Paul, Barber, Vanessa, Barker, Abigail, Bellot, Sidonie, Bishop, David, Botigué, Laura R., Brewer, Grace, Carruthers, Tom, Clarkson, James, Cook, Jeffrey, Cowan, Robyn, Dodsworth, Steven, Epitawalage, Niroshini, Françoso, Elaine, Gallego, Berta, Johnson, Matthew, Kim, Jan, Leempoel, Kevin, Maurin, Olivier, McGinnie, Catherine, Pokorny, Lisa, Roy, Shyamali, Stone, Malcolm, Toledo, Eduardo, Wickett, Norman, Zuntini, Alexandre, Eiserhardt, Wolf, Kersey, Paul, Leitch, Ilia J., and Forest, Félix

Abstract

The tree of life is the fundamental biological roadmap for navigating the evolution and properties of life on Earth, and yet remains largely unknown. Even angiosperms (flowering plants) are fraught with data gaps, despite their critical role in sustaining terrestrial life. Today, high-throughput sequencing promises to significantly deepen our understanding of evolutionary relationships. Here, we describe a comprehensive phylogenomic platform for exploring the angiosperm tree of life, comprising a set of open tools and data based on the 353 nuclear genes targeted by the universal Angiosperms353 sequence capture probes. The primary goals of this paper are to (i) document our methods, (ii) describe our first data release and (iii) present a novel open data portal, the Kew Tree of Life Explorer (https://treeoflife.kew.org). We aim to generate novel target sequence capture data for all genera of flowering plants, exploiting natural history collections such as herbarium specimens, and augment it with mined public data. Our first data release, described here, is the most extensive nuclear phylogenomic dataset for angiosperms to date, comprising 3,099 samples validated by DNA barcode and phylogenetic tests, representing all 64 orders, 404 families (96%) and 2,333 genera (17%). A “first pass” angiosperm tree of life was inferred from the data, which totalled 824,878 sequences, 489,086,049 base pairs, and 532,260 alignment columns, for interactive presentation in the Kew Tree of Life Explorer. This species tree was generated using methods that were rigorous, yet tractable at our scale of operation. Despite limitations pertaining to taxon and gene sampling, gene recovery, models of sequence evolution and paralogy, the tree strongly supports existing taxonomy, while challenging numerous hypothesized relationships among orders and placing many genera for the first time. The validated dataset, species tree and all intermediates are openly accessible via the Kew Tree of Life Explo

Published
2022

3. A comprehensive phylogenomic platform for exploring the angiosperm tree of life

Author

Calleva Foundation, Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation, Garfield Weston Foundation, Baker, William J., Bailey, Paul, Barber, Vanessa, Barker, Abigail, Bellot, Sidonie, Bishop, David, Botigué, Laura R., Brewer, Grace, Carruthers, Tom, Clarkson, James, Cook, Jeffrey, Cowan, Robyn, Dodsworth, Steven, Epitawalage, Niroshini, Françoso, Elaine, Gallego, Berta, Johnson, Matthew, Kim, Jan, Leempoel, Kevin, Maurin, Olivier, McGinnie, Catherine, Pokorny, Lisa, Roy, Shyamali, Stone, Malcolm, Toledo, Eduardo, Wickett, Norman, Zuntini, Alexandre, Eiserhardt, Wolf, Kersey, Paul, Leitch, Ilia J., Forest, Félix, Calleva Foundation, Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation, Garfield Weston Foundation, Baker, William J., Bailey, Paul, Barber, Vanessa, Barker, Abigail, Bellot, Sidonie, Bishop, David, Botigué, Laura R., Brewer, Grace, Carruthers, Tom, Clarkson, James, Cook, Jeffrey, Cowan, Robyn, Dodsworth, Steven, Epitawalage, Niroshini, Françoso, Elaine, Gallego, Berta, Johnson, Matthew, Kim, Jan, Leempoel, Kevin, Maurin, Olivier, McGinnie, Catherine, Pokorny, Lisa, Roy, Shyamali, Stone, Malcolm, Toledo, Eduardo, Wickett, Norman, Zuntini, Alexandre, Eiserhardt, Wolf, Kersey, Paul, Leitch, Ilia J., and Forest, Félix

Abstract

The tree of life is the fundamental biological roadmap for navigating the evolution and properties of life on Earth, and yet remains largely unknown. Even angiosperms (flowering plants) are fraught with data gaps, despite their critical role in sustaining terrestrial life. Today, high-throughput sequencing promises to significantly deepen our understanding of evolutionary relationships. Here, we describe a comprehensive phylogenomic platform for exploring the angiosperm tree of life, comprising a set of open tools and data based on the 353 nuclear genes targeted by the universal Angiosperms353 sequence capture probes. The primary goals of this article are to (i) document our methods, (ii) describe our first data release, and (iii) present a novel open data portal, the Kew Tree of Life Explorer (https://treeoflife.kew.org). We aim to generate novel target sequence capture data for all genera of flowering plants, exploiting natural history collections such as herbarium specimens, and augment it with mined public data. Our first data release, described here, is the most extensive nuclear phylogenomic data set for angiosperms to date, comprising 3099 samples validated by DNA barcode and phylogenetic tests, representing all 64 orders, 404 families (96%⁠) and 2333 genera (17%⁠). A “first pass” angiosperm tree of life was inferred from the data, which totaled 824,878 sequences, 489,086,049 base pairs, and 532,260 alignment columns, for interactive presentation in the Kew Tree of Life Explorer. This species tree was generated using methods that were rigorous, yet tractable at our scale of operation. Despite limitations pertaining to taxon and gene sampling, gene recovery, models of sequence evolution and paralogy, the tree strongly supports existing taxonomy, while challenging numerous hypothesized relationships among orders and placing many genera for the first time. The validated data set, species tree and all intermediates are openly accessible via the Kew Tree of Life E

Published
2022

4. A comprehensive phylogenomic platform for exploring the angiosperm tree of life

Author

Calleva Foundation, Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation, Baker, William J., Bailey, Paul, Barber, Vanessa, Barker, Abigail, Bellot, Sidonie, Bishop, David, Botigué, Laura R., Brewer, Grace, Carruthers, Tom, Clarkson, James, Cook, Jeffrey, Cowan, Robyn, Dodsworth, Steven, Epitawalage, Niroshini, Françoso, Elaine, Gallego, Berta, Johnson, Matthew, Kim, Jan, Leempoel, Kevin, Maurin, Olivier, McGinnie, Catherine, Pokorny, Lisa, Roy, Shyamali, Stone, Malcolm, Toledo, Eduardo, Wickett, Norman, Zuntini, Alexandre, Eiserhardt, Wolf, Kersey, Paul, Leitch, Ilia J., Forest, Félix, Calleva Foundation, Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation, Baker, William J., Bailey, Paul, Barber, Vanessa, Barker, Abigail, Bellot, Sidonie, Bishop, David, Botigué, Laura R., Brewer, Grace, Carruthers, Tom, Clarkson, James, Cook, Jeffrey, Cowan, Robyn, Dodsworth, Steven, Epitawalage, Niroshini, Françoso, Elaine, Gallego, Berta, Johnson, Matthew, Kim, Jan, Leempoel, Kevin, Maurin, Olivier, McGinnie, Catherine, Pokorny, Lisa, Roy, Shyamali, Stone, Malcolm, Toledo, Eduardo, Wickett, Norman, Zuntini, Alexandre, Eiserhardt, Wolf, Kersey, Paul, Leitch, Ilia J., and Forest, Félix

Abstract

The tree of life is the fundamental biological roadmap for navigating the evolution and properties of life on Earth, and yet remains largely unknown. Even angiosperms (flowering plants) are fraught with data gaps, despite their critical role in sustaining terrestrial life. Today, high-throughput sequencing promises to significantly deepen our understanding of evolutionary relationships. Here, we describe a comprehensive phylogenomic platform for exploring the angiosperm tree of life, comprising a set of open tools and data based on the 353 nuclear genes targeted by the universal Angiosperms353 sequence capture probes. The primary goals of this paper are to (i) document our methods, (ii) describe our first data release and (iii) present a novel open data portal, the Kew Tree of Life Explorer (https://treeoflife.kew.org). We aim to generate novel target sequence capture data for all genera of flowering plants, exploiting natural history collections such as herbarium specimens, and augment it with mined public data. Our first data release, described here, is the most extensive nuclear phylogenomic dataset for angiosperms to date, comprising 3,099 samples validated by DNA barcode and phylogenetic tests, representing all 64 orders, 404 families (96%) and 2,333 genera (17%). A “first pass” angiosperm tree of life was inferred from the data, which totalled 824,878 sequences, 489,086,049 base pairs, and 532,260 alignment columns, for interactive presentation in the Kew Tree of Life Explorer. This species tree was generated using methods that were rigorous, yet tractable at our scale of operation. Despite limitations pertaining to taxon and gene sampling, gene recovery, models of sequence evolution and paralogy, the tree strongly supports existing taxonomy, while challenging numerous hypothesized relationships among orders and placing many genera for the first time. The validated dataset, species tree and all intermediates are openly accessible via the Kew Tree of Life Explo

Published
2021

5. Lineage-specific vs. universal: A comparison of the Compositae1061 and Angiosperms353 enrichment panels in the sunflower family

Author

National Science Foundation (US), Calleva Foundation, Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, Siniscalchi, Carolina M., Hidalgo, Oriane, Palazzesi, Luis, Pellicer, Jaume, Pokorny, Lisa, Maurin, Olivier, Leitch, Ilia J., Forest, Félix, Baker, William J., Mandel, Jennifer R., National Science Foundation (US), Calleva Foundation, Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, Siniscalchi, Carolina M., Hidalgo, Oriane, Palazzesi, Luis, Pellicer, Jaume, Pokorny, Lisa, Maurin, Olivier, Leitch, Ilia J., Forest, Félix, Baker, William J., and Mandel, Jennifer R.

Abstract

Premise Phylogenetic studies in the Compositae are challenging due to the sheer size of the family and the challenges they pose for molecular tools, ranging from the genomic impact of polyploid events to their very conserved plastid genomes. The search for better molecular tools for phylogenetic studies led to the development of the family-specific Compositae1061 probe set, as well as the universal Angiosperms353 probe set designed for all flowering plants. In this study, we evaluate the extent to which data generated using the family-specific kit and those obtained with the universal kit can be merged for downstream analyses. Methods We used comparative methods to verify the presence of shared loci between probe sets. Using two sets of eight samples sequenced with Compositae1061 and Angiosperms353, we ran phylogenetic analyses with and without loci flagged as paralogs, a gene tree discordance analysis, and a complementary phylogenetic analysis mixing samples from both sample sets. Results Our results show that the Compositae1061 kit provides an average of 721 loci, with 9¿46% of them presenting paralogs, while the Angiosperms353 set yields an average of 287 loci, which are less affected by paralogy. Analyses mixing samples from both sets showed that the presence of 30 shared loci in the probe sets allows the combination of data generated in different ways. Discussion Combining data generated using different probe sets opens up the possibility of collaborative efforts and shared data within the synantherological community.

Published
2021

6. Modern human incursion into Neanderthal territories 54,000 years ago at Mandrin, France

Author

Slimak, L, Zanolli, C, Higham, T, Frouin, M, Schwenninger, J-L, Arnold, LJ, Demuro, M, Douka, K, Mercier, N, Guérin, G, Valladas, H, Yvorra, P, Giraud, Y, Seguin-Orlando, A, Orlando, L, Lewis, JE, Muth, X, Camus, H, Vandevelde, S, Buckley, M, Mallol, C, Stringer, C, Metz, L, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), University of Oxford, University of Adelaide, Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, 07745, Germany, Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse (CAGT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Get In Situ, Cenote, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR Histoire de l'art et archéologie (UP1 UFR03), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Archéologies environnementales, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Manchester [Manchester], Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), University of Algarve [Portugal], The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), University of Connecticut (UCONN), Service Regional de l'Archeologie Auvergne Rhone-Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), city of Malataverne, Auvergne Rhone-Alpes region, Calleva Foundation Human Origins Research Fund Fyssen Foundation CNRS funds (Aide a la Mobilite Internationale) Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University L'Oreal-UNESCO Foundation FWIS Universite Paris 1-Pantheon-Sorbonne funds (Aide de l'ED112) Australian Research CouncilFT200100816, LabEx DHP LaScArBx-AAP1-2011, LabEx Djibouti LaScArBx-AAP5-2015, French government of the University of Bordeaux, Long-term research was supported by the Service Régional de l’Archéologie Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, the French CNRS, and the city of Malataverne. Three-dimensional site models were granted by the city of Malataverne and the Auvergne Rhône-Alpes region. This project received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement no. 681605) and the Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant no. 324139 ('PalaeoChron') awarded to T.H. Research of C.S. is supported by the Calleva Foundation and the Human Origins Research Fund. Research on Ksar Akil was supported by a Fyssen Foundation grant awarded to L.M., by CNRS funds (Aide à la Mobilité Internationale) awarded to L.S., and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University awarded to L.M. Fuliginochronological research was granted by the L’Oréal-UNESCO Foundation FWIS awarded to S.V. and by Université Paris 1–Panthéon-Sorbonne funds (Aide de l’ED112) awarded to S.V. Luminescence dating research conducted by M.D. and L.A. was supported by Australian Research Council Future Fellowship grant FT200100816. Scanning and analysis of the comparative material were funded by the LabEx DHP (LaScArBx-AAP1-2011), the ANR Big Dry (ANR-14-CE31), and the LabEx Djibouti (LaScArBx-AAP5-2015). This study also received financial support from the French government in the framework of the University of Bordeaux’s IdEx 'Investments for the Future' program/GPR Human Past., ANR-14-CE31-0011,CemeNTAA,Cémentochronologie : Nouvelles Techniques pour des Applications à l'Archéologie(2014), European Project: 681605,PEGASUS, European Project: 324139,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-ADG_20120411,PALAEOCHRON(2013), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Multidisciplinary, Radiocarbon chronologies, Enamel-dentin juntion, Multiple grains, Manchester Environmental Research Institute, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/manchester_institute_of_biotechnology, Perennially frozen deposits, Computed-tomography, Trace-element, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Historical structure, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/MERI, Dose-rate
Abstract

Determining the extent of overlap between modern humans and other hominins in Eurasia, such as Neanderthals and Denisovans, is fundamental to understanding the nature of their interactions and what led to the disappearance of archaic hominins. Apart from a possible sporadic pulse recorded in Greece during the Middle Pleistocene, the first settlements of modern humans in Europe have been constrained to similar to 45,000 to 43,000 years ago. Here, we report hominin fossils from Grotte Mandrin in France that reveal the earliest known presence of modern humans in Europe between 56,800 and 51,700 years ago. This early modern human incursion in the Rhone Valley is associated with technologies unknown in any industry of that age outside Africa or the Levant. Mandrin documents the first alternating occupation of Neanderthals and modern humans, with a modern human fossil and associated Neronian lithic industry found stratigraphically between layers containing Neanderthal remains associated with Mousterian industries. Australian Research Council FT200100816, LabEx DHP LaScArBx-AAP1-2011, French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-14-CE31, LabEx Djibouti LaScArBx-AAP5-2015, Australian Research Council FT200100816 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2022
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7. Phylogenomics and biogeography of Cunoniaceae (Oxalidales) with complete generic sampling and taxonomic realignments

Author

Olivier Maurin, Yohan Pillon, William J. Baker, Zachary S. Rogers, Helen C. F. Hopkins, Niroshini Epitawalage, Jason C. Bradford, Félix Forest, Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes (UMR LSTM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, College of Forestry [Corvallis], Oregon State University (OSU), New Mexico State University, Calleva Foundation, Sackler Trust, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Paraphyly, Elaeocarpaceae, Biogeography, Antarctica, Australia, Caldcluvia, Gondwana, Madagascar, relicts, Weinmannia, Plant Science, Tribe (biology), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Cunoniaceae, Genetics, Vicariance, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Research Articles, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, Invited Special Article, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Taxon, Evolutionary biology, Research Article
Abstract

PREMISE: Cunoniaceae are a family of shrubs and trees with 27 genera and ca. 335 species, mostly confined to tropical and wet temperate zones of the southern hemisphere. There are several known issues regarding generic limits, and the family also displays a number of intriguing long- range disjunctions. METHODS: We performed a phylogenomic study using the universal Angiosperms353 probe set for targeted sequence capture. We sampled 37 species covering all genera in the Cunoniaceae, and those in the three closely related families of the crown Oxalidales (Brunelliaceae, Cephalotaceae, and Elaeocarpaceae). We also performed analyses for molecular dating and ancestral area reconstruction. RESULTS: We recovered the topology (Cunoniaceae, (Cephalotaceae, (Brunelliaceae, Elaeocarpaceae))) and a well- resolved genus- level phylogeny of Cunoniaceae with strongly supported clades corresponding to all previously recognized tribes. As previously suspected, the genera Ackama and Weinmannia were recovered as paraphyletic. Australasia was inferred as the likely ancestral area for the family. CONCLUSIONS: The current distribution of Cunoniaceae is best explained by long-distance dispersal with a few possible cases of Australasian–American vicariance events. Extinctions may have been important in determining the mostly Oceanian distribution of this family while some genera in the tribe Cunonieae and in New Caledonia have undergone recent bursts of diversification. New generic diagnoses, 80 new combinations, and one new name are provided for a recircumscribed Ackama (including Spiraeopsis), a much smaller Weinmannia (mostly New World), and a resurrected Pterophylla to accommodate Old World taxa previously in Weinmannia, Note on uploaded file: 5_Cunoniaceae_14gene_dating.tar.gz is the Concatenated matrix of the 14 genes selected using Sortadate for the estimation of divergence times in Cunoniaceae

Published
2021
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8. A Comprehensive Phylogenomic Platform for Exploring the Angiosperm Tree of Life

Author

Lisa Pokorny, Alexandre R. Zuntini, Shyamali Roy, David Bishop, Berta Gallego, Elaine Françoso, Kevin Leempoel, Niroshini Epitawalage, Olivier Maurin, Vanessa Barber, Laura R. Botigué, William J. Baker, Félix Forest, Paul J. Kersey, Jeffrey Cook, Wolf L. Eiserhardt, Eduardo Toledo, Abigail Barker, Malcolm Stone, James J. Clarkson, Ilia J. Leitch, Grace E. Brewer, Norman J. Wickett, Tom Carruthers, Sidonie Bellot, Jan T. Kim, Matthew G. Johnson, Steven Dodsworth, Robyn S. Cowan, Paul Bailey, Catherine McGinnie, Calleva Foundation, Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation, and Garfield Weston Foundation

Subjects
Binary tree, Phylogenetic tree, Tree of life (biology), High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Genomics, Creative commons, Biology, biology.organism_classification, DNA barcoding, Genealogy, Coalescent theory, Tree (data structure), Magnoliopsida, Evolutionary biology, Phylogenomics, Genetics, Humans, Flowering plant, Attribution, License, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

The tree of life is the fundamental biological roadmap for navigating the evolution and properties of life on Earth, and yet remains largely unknown. Even angiosperms (flowering plants) are fraught with data gaps, despite their critical role in sustaining terrestrial life. Today, high-throughput sequencing promises to significantly deepen our understanding of evolutionary relationships. Here, we describe a comprehensive phylogenomic platform for exploring the angiosperm tree of life, comprising a set of open tools and data based on the 353 nuclear genes targeted by the universal Angiosperms353 sequence capture probes. The primary goals of this article are to (i) document our methods, (ii) describe our first data release, and (iii) present a novel open data portal, the Kew Tree of Life Explorer (https://treeoflife.kew.org). We aim to generate novel target sequence capture data for all genera of flowering plants, exploiting natural history collections such as herbarium specimens, and augment it with mined public data. Our first data release, described here, is the most extensive nuclear phylogenomic data set for angiosperms to date, comprising 3099 samples validated by DNA barcode and phylogenetic tests, representing all 64 orders, 404 families (96%⁠) and 2333 genera (17%⁠). A “first pass” angiosperm tree of life was inferred from the data, which totaled 824,878 sequences, 489,086,049 base pairs, and 532,260 alignment columns, for interactive presentation in the Kew Tree of Life Explorer. This species tree was generated using methods that were rigorous, yet tractable at our scale of operation. Despite limitations pertaining to taxon and gene sampling, gene recovery, models of sequence evolution and paralogy, the tree strongly supports existing taxonomy, while challenging numerous hypothesized relationships among orders and placing many genera for the first time. The validated data set, species tree and all intermediates are openly accessible via the Kew Tree of Life Explorer and will be updated as further data become available. This major milestone toward a complete tree of life for all flowering plant species opens doors to a highly integrated future for angiosperm phylogenomics through the systematic sequencing of standardized nuclear markers. Our approach has the potential to serve as a much-needed bridge between the growing movement to sequence the genomes of all life on Earth and the vast phylogenomic potential of the world’s natural history collections. [Angiosperms; Angiosperms353; genomics; herbariomics; museomics; nuclear phylogenomics; open access; target sequence capture; tree of life.], This work was supported by grants from the Calleva Foundation and the Sackler Trust to the Plant and Fungal Trees of Life project at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Additional support was received from the Garfield Weston Foundation, as part of the Global Tree Seed Bank Programme.

Published
2021
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9. Acheulean variability in Western Europe: The case of Menez-Dregan I

Author

Ravon, Anne-Lyse, Garcia-Medrano, Paula, Moncel, Marie-Hélène, Ashton, Nick, Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Nantes Université - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (Nantes Univ - UFR HHAA), Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The British Museum, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, This research was supported by the project ‘Understanding a threshold in Human evolution at 450–350 ka through the roots of Neanderthal behavior (Neandroots)’ (ANR-19-CE27-0011). P. García-Medrano has been funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under a Marie Sklodowska-Curie project, ‘Western European Acheulean project, WEAP’ (Grant Agreement no.748316). The University of Bradford and Adrian Evans, through the ‘Fragmented Heritage AHRC Project,’ leant us the scanner for working on levels 6 to 8. We thank the UMR 6566 CReAAH at the University of Rennes 1, for lending us a portable scanner to complete our study (layers 4 and 5) and the French Ministry of Culture, the Department of Finistère and the city of Plouhinec, which supported this work through continuous funding for the excavations and postexcavation work at Menez-Dregan since 1988. We are thankful to the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Leore Grosman, and Antoine Muller, who helped us with the Artifact3-D and AGMT3-D software management. This work was developed between the Institut de Paléontologie Humaine (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris), Department of Britain, Europe, and Prehistory, Franks House (British Museum), and the Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA, Spain). The latter received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the ‘María de Maeztu’ program for Units of Excellence (CEX2019-000945-M)’. N. Ashton's contribution was part of the ‘Pathways to Ancient Britain’ project, funded by the Calleva Foundation., and ANR-19-CE27-0011,NEANDROOTS,450-350 ka : un seuil dans l'évolution humaine ? Comprendre les racines du monde néandertalien(2019)

Subjects
Geometric morphometrics, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Cleavers, 3D models, Handaxes, Lithic technology
Abstract

International audience; The establishment of the Acheulean in Europe occurred after MIS 17, but it was after the harsh glaciation of MIS 12 and during the long interglacial of MIS 11 that human occupation of Western Europe became more sustained, with an increased number of sites. Menez-Dregan I (Brittany, France) is one of the key sites in Western Europe that dates from this threshold, with an alternating sequence of 16 occupation levels and four marine deposits, from MIS 12 to 8. The large lithic assemblages of more than 154,000 artifacts from knapping (cores, flakes) and shaping (macrotools and shaping flakes) show the varying use of raw materials and activities at the site through the sequence. This work focuses on the study of the handaxes and cleavers using technological and metrical methods with multivariate analysis, in combination with geometric morphometrics, and places these analyses within the context of other technological changes at the site. Collectively, results show the persistent use through the sequence of the same lithic raw materials and technologies, including fire use and the import of glossy sandstone from 20 km away, but with variation in activities at the site. These findings suggest that Menez-Dregan I shows the development of a specific material culture that reflects the local resources and environment. Results further indicate that the site shows the sustained hominin occupation of the area, despite varying climate and environment, with strong traditions of social learning that were maintained through flexibility of site use, deep understanding of the local territory, and the innovation of new technologies, such as the use of fire. Evidence from the site is placed within the wider context of Europe, and contrasted with areas to the north, such as Britain, where hominin occupation was more sporadic and driven by cyclical climate change.

Published
2022
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10. Lineage-specific vs. universal: A comparison of the Compositae1061 and Angiosperms353 enrichment panels in the sunflower family

Author

Lisa Pokorny, Félix Forest, Ilia J. Leitch, William J. Baker, Jaume Pellicer, Jennifer R. Mandel, Olivier Maurin, Oriane Hidalgo, Luis Palazzesi, Carolina M. Siniscalchi, National Science Foundation (US), Calleva Foundation, and Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew

Subjects
Application Article, Angiosperms, Phylogenetic tree, Invited Special Article, Paralogy, QH301-705.5, Botany, Phylogenomics, Plant Science, Computational biology, Biology, Asteraceae, Sunflower, Article, Target capture, Set (abstract data type), Tree (descriptive set theory), Lineage specific, Polyploid, QK1-989, Application Articles, Biology (General), Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Premise Phylogenetic studies in the Compositae are challenging due to the sheer size of the family and the challenges they pose for molecular tools, ranging from the genomic impact of polyploid events to their very conserved plastid genomes. The search for better molecular tools for phylogenetic studies led to the development of the family-specific Compositae1061 probe set, as well as the universal Angiosperms353 probe set designed for all flowering plants. In this study, we evaluate the extent to which data generated using the family-specific kit and those obtained with the universal kit can be merged for downstream analyses. Methods We used comparative methods to verify the presence of shared loci between probe sets. Using two sets of eight samples sequenced with Compositae1061 and Angiosperms353, we ran phylogenetic analyses with and without loci flagged as paralogs, a gene tree discordance analysis, and a complementary phylogenetic analysis mixing samples from both sample sets. Results Our results show that the Compositae1061 kit provides an average of 721 loci, with 9¿46% of them presenting paralogs, while the Angiosperms353 set yields an average of 287 loci, which are less affected by paralogy. Analyses mixing samples from both sets showed that the presence of 30 shared loci in the probe sets allows the combination of data generated in different ways. Discussion Combining data generated using different probe sets opens up the possibility of collaborative efforts and shared data within the synantherological community., Funding came from various sources, including the National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology (DEB-1745197), and grants from the Calleva Foundation and the Sackler Trust to the Plant and Fungal Trees of Life (PAFTOL) project at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, METHODS Identification of shared loci Taxon selection, plant material, DNA extraction, library preparation, and sequencing Sequence assembly and data analysis RESULTS Identification of shared loci Recovered loci and paralogy Phylogenetic relationships and gene tree discordance DISCUSSION Acknowledgments AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS

Published
2021
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11. Targeted sequencing supports morphology and embryo features in resolving the classification of Cyperaceae tribe Fuireneae s.l

Author

Julian R. Starr, Isabel Larridon, Lisa Pokorny, William J. Baker, Izai A. B. Sabino Kikuchi, Étienne Léveillé-Bourret, Félix Forest, Ilias Semmouri, Niroshini Epitawalage, Alexandre R. Zuntini, Isabel Fairlie, Pedro Jiménez-Mejías, Grace E. Brewer, Muthama Muasya, University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Institut de Recherches en Biologie Végétale [Montréal] (IRBV), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering - Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, University of Cape Town, Department of Biological Sciences, Bolus Herbarium, University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Hortus Botanicus Leiden, Hortus botanicus Leiden, This study was supported by the National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada Discovery Grant to JRS (RGPIN 2018‐04115), enabling a 6‐week research stay at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, covering part of the laboratory work and sequencing costs. The remaining costs were covered by the Calleva Foundation and the Sackler Trust through the Plant and Fungal Trees of Life programme (https://www.kew.org/science/our‐science/projects/plant‐and‐fungal‐trees‐of‐life), and a grant to IL from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew to support monographic research using targeted sequencing., and UAM. Departamento de Biología

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Paraphyly, Evolution, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, Tribe (biology), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Monophyly, taxonomy, Behavior and Systematics, Genus, taxon limits, Schoenoplectus, Cyperaceae, targeted sequencing, Clade, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, biology, Ecology, Biology and Life Sciences, Angiosperms353, biology.organism_classification, Biología y Biomedicina / Biología, classification, Fuireneae, Evolutionary biology, Taxonomy (biology), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Molecular phylogenetic studies based on Sanger sequences have shown that Cyperaceae tribe Fuireneae s.l. is paraphyletic. However, taxonomic sampling in these studies has been poor, topologies have been inconsistent, and support for the backbone of trees has been weak. Moreover, uncertainty still surrounds the morphological limits of Schoenoplectiella, a genus of mainly small, amphicarpic annuals that was recently segregated from Schoenoplectus. Consequently, despite ample evidence from molecular analyses that Fuireneae s.l. might consist of two to four tribal lineages, no taxonomic changes have yet been made. Here, we use the Angiosperms353 enrichment panel for targeted sequencing to (i) clarify the relationships of Fuireneae s.l. with the related tribes Abildgaardieae, Eleocharideae, and Cypereae; (ii) define the limits of Fuireneae s.s., and (iii) test the monophyly of Fuireneae s.l. genera with emphasis on Schoenoplectus and Schoenoplectiella. Using more than a third of Fuireneae s.l. diversity, our phylogenomic analyses strongly support six genera and four major Fuireneae s.l. clades that we recognize as tribes: Bolboschoeneae stat.nov., Fuireneae s.s., Schoenoplecteae, and Pseudoschoeneae tr. nov. These results are consistent with morphological, micromorphological (nutlet epidermal cell shape), and embryo differences detected for each tribe. At the generic level, most sub-Saharan African perennials currently treated in Schoenoplectus are transferred to Schoenoplectiella. Our targeted sequencing results show that these species are nested in Schoenoplectiella, and their treatment here is consistent with micromorphological and embryo characters shared by all Schoenoplectiella species. Keys to recognized tribes and genera are provided.

Published
2021
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12. Two-stage mid-Brunhes climate transition and mid-Pleistocene human diversification

Author

Ao, Hong, Rohling, Eelco J., Stringer, Chris, Roberts, Andrew P., Dekkers, Mark J., Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume, Yu, Jimin, Liu, Qingsong, Zhang, Peng, Liu, Zhonghui, Ma, Xiaolin, Zhou, Weijian, Jin, Zhangdong, Xiao, Guoqiao, Wang, Hong, Sun, Qiang, Yang, Pingguo, Peng, Xianzhe, Shi, Zhengguo, Qiang, Xiaoke, An, Zhisheng, Paleomagnetism, China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Australian National University (ANU), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Géosciences Rennes (GR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Universität Potsdam, Southern University of Science and Technology [Shenzhen] (SUSTech), Institute of Earth Environment [Xi’an], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Xi’an], The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministry of Science and Technology, FL120100050, Australian Research Council, 2019QZKK0707, Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research, Outstanding young talent pogram of Shaanxi province, DP120103952, ARC, Calleva Foundation and Human Origins Research Fund, Paleomagnetism, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, and Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)

Subjects
Marine isotope stage, Monsoon, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pleistocene, Earth and Planetary Sciences(all), Precipitation, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, East Asian Monsoon, Southern Hemisphere, Interglacial climates, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Human evolution, Mid-Brunhes transition, Middle Pleistocene climate variability, Northern Hemisphere, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Interglacial, Chinese Loess Plateau, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Physical geography, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Global climate shifted to markedly warmer interglacial conditions across the “mid-Brunhes transition” (MBT, ~400 ka). However, a global MBT synthesis that spans marine and terrestrial evidence remains elusive, which limits our understanding of the role of the MBT in mid-Pleistocene human evolution. We synthesize Asian precipitation reconstructions within a context of global palaeoclimatic records and find that the MBT occurred in two stages. First, stronger warming of northern hemisphere continents, weaker southern hemisphere warming, and related more extensive northward displacement of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) during interglacial marine isotope stage (MIS) 13 intensified and expanded precipitation in Asian monsoon regions and in other widespread northern hemisphere regions, with accompanying carbon reservoir changes featuring globally high marine benthic δ13C values because of vegetation expansion at ~500 ka. Subdued southern hemisphere warming and northward ITCZ displacement decreased southern hemisphere precipitation simultaneously during MIS 13. Second, a shift to globally warmer interglacials at ~400 ka, with elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations, smaller ice volume, and higher sea level resulted in sustained high interglacial precipitation in East Asia from MIS 11 onward and sustained high marine benthic δ13C values during MIS 11. We also synthesize palaeoanthropological data and find that the climate and ecosystem changes across the MBT coincided with the timing of human lineage diversification, including the emergence of Neanderthals and Denisovans in Eurasia and Homo sapiens in Africa, and their potential coexistence with H. heidelbergensis, H. erectus, H. floresiensis, H. naledi, and other Homo archaics. The timing of the MBT also coincided with novel hominin behavioural developments, including fire control and the transition from handaxe industries to more versatile Levallois techniques. Combined with environmental theories of human evolution, this chronological coincidence suggests a potential link between mid-Pleistocene environmental and human evolution.

Published
2020
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13. Discoveries from La Manche : five years of early prehistoric research in the Channel Island of Jersey

Author

Pope, Matt, Scott, Beccy, Mills, Josie, Bates, Martin, Bates, Richard, Blinkhorn, Ed, Conneller, Chantal, Duffy, Sarah, Julien, Marie-Anne, Ravon, Anne-Lyse, Shaw, Andrew, University of St Andrews. Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews. Centre for Ancient Environmental Studies, University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews. St Andrews Sustainability Institute, University College of London [London] (UCL), British Museum, University of Wales, School of Geography and Geosciences [St Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland], University of Manchester [Manchester], University of Southampton, Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université de Rennes (UR), AHRC, NERC, Jersey Tourism Development Fund, Calleva Foundation, Leverhume Foundation, Jersey Heritage, Nantes Université (NU)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Le Mans Université (UM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)

Subjects
GE, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, T-NDAS, Archaeology, Geoarchaeology, lcsh:Archaeology, lcsh:CC1-960, CC Archaeology, CC, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, GE Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Grateful thanks to the AHRC, NERC, the Leverhulme Foundation and the Calleva Foundation Since 2010 a new field project drawn from major UK institutions including the UCL Institute of Archaeology, has focused research on the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic record of the Channel Island of Jersey. In this retrospective of five years of research the history of the project to date, its focus on the Middle Palaeolithic site of La Cotte de St Brelade and its growth into an international research team is charted. The formation of the La Manche Prehistorique research network in 2015 marks a new chapter in the development of this project. With its wider focus, but continued commitment to research in the Channel Islands, the research group are working towards a unified early prehistoric research framework for the English Channel region. Publisher PDF

Published
2015
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