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Background: Hospital-acquired bacterial infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aimed to develop and validate predictive models for the risk of hospital-acquired bacterial infections in patients with SLE., Methods: A historical cohort study was designed for development, and another bidirectional cohort study was used for external validation. The risk of bacterial infection was assessed upon admission and after 5 days of hospitalization. Predictor selection employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) techniques. Multiple imputations were used to handle missing data. Logistic regression models were applied, and the properties of discrimination, calibration, and decision curve analysis were evaluated., Results: The development cohort comprised 1686 patients and 237 events (14.1%) from 3 tertiary hospitals. The external validation cohort included 531 patients and 84 infection outcomes (15.8%) from 10 hospital centers in Colombia (secondary and tertiary level). The models applied at admission and after 120 hours of stay exhibited good discrimination (AUC > 0.74). External validation demonstrated good performance among patients from the same tertiary institutions where the models were developed. However, geographic validation at other institutions has been suboptimal., Conclusions: Two predictive models for nosocomial bacterial infections in patients with SLE are presented. All infection prevention recommendations should be maximized in patients at moderate/high risk. Further validation studies in diverse contexts, as well as clinical impact trials, are necessary before potential applications in research and clinical care., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose of Review: The purpose of this manuscript is to review the most recent literature pertinent to the presence of vasculitis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), including previously published landmark articles and studies and to update the different clinical and diagnostic aspects of vasculitic manifestations in patients with this important autoimmune disorder. As a multisystem autoimmune disease, systemic lupus may attack practically any organ system in the human body. Even though vasculitis is not the most common presentation or pathogenic mechanism of disease, it frequently causes significant morbidity and mortality in patients with SLE. The most common manifestation of lupus vasculitis is cutaneous involvement; visceral involvement is less common but causes severe disease; it may occur in different areas including central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, gastrointestinal system, kidneys, lungs and even retina., Recent Findings: Recent findings regarding the pathogenesis of lupus CNS and peripheral nerve disease, and vascular injury in lupus nephritis are reviewed as well. Vasculitis is an uncommon but serious manifestation of SLE; it may involve different organ systems and present in a wide variety of clinical syndromes, and thus the importance of its recognition and early diagnosis by physicians who deal with this disease, in order to start prompt and aggressive therapy when indicated.