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115 results on '"Calistro Rivera, G"'

1. A novel Bayesian approach for decomposing the radio emission of quasars: I. Modelling the radio excess in red quasars

Author

Yue, B. -H., Best, P. N., Duncan, K. J., Calistro-Rivera, G., Morabito, L. K., Petley, J. W., Prandoni, I., Röttgering, H. J. A., and Smith, D. J. B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Studies show that both radio jets from the active galactic nuclei (AGN) and the star formation (SF) activity in quasar host galaxies contribute to the quasar radio emission; yet their relative contributions across the population remain unclear. Here, we present an improved parametric model that allows us to statistically separate the SF and AGN components in observed quasar radio flux density distributions, and investigate how their relative contributions evolve with AGN bolometric luminosity ($L_\mathrm{bol}$) and redshift ($z$) using a fully Bayesian method. Based on the newest data from LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey Data Release 2, our model gives robust fitting results out to $z\sim4$, showing a quasar host galaxy SFR evolution that increases with bolometric luminosity and with redshift out to $z\sim4$. This differs from the global cosmic SFR density, perhaps due to the importance of galaxy mergers. The prevalence of radio AGN emissions increases with quasar luminosity, but has little dependence on redshift. Furthermore, our new methodology and large sample size allow us to subdivide our dataset to investigate the role of other parameters. Specifically, in this paper, we explore quasar colour and demonstrate that the radio excess in red quasars is due to an enhancement in AGN-related emission, since the host galaxy SF contribution to the total radio emission is independent of quasar colour. We also find evidence that this radio enhancement occurs mostly in quasars with weak or intermediate radio power., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 19 pages, 13 figures, 1 table

Published
2024
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2. The LOFAR Two Meter Sky Survey: Deep Fields, I -- Direction-dependent calibration and imaging

Author

Tasse, C., Shimwell, T., Hardcastle, M. J., O'Sullivan, S. P., van Weeren, R., Best, P. N., Bester, L., Hugo, B., Smirnov, O., Sabater, J., Calistro-Rivera, G., de Gasperin, F., Morabito, L. K., Röttgering, H., Williams, W. L., Bonato, M., Bondi, M., Botteon, A., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Chyży, K. T., Garrett, M. A., Gürkan, G., Jarvis, M. J., Kondapally, R., Mandal, S., Prandoni, I., Repetti, A., Retana-Montenegro, E., Schwarz, D. J., Shulevski, A., and Wiaux, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) is an ideal instrument to conduct deep extragalactic surveys. It has a large field of view and is sensitive to large scale and compact emission. It is, however, very challenging to synthesize thermal noise limited maps at full resolution, mainly because of the complexity of the low-frequency sky and the direction dependent effects (phased array beams and ionosphere). In this first paper of a series we present a new calibration and imaging pipeline that aims at producing high fidelity, high dynamic range images with LOFAR High Band Antenna data, while being computationally efficient and robust against the absorption of unmodeled radio emission. We apply this calibration and imaging strategy to synthesize deep images of the Bootes and LH fields at 150 MHz, totaling $\sim80$ and $\sim100$ hours of integration respectively and reaching unprecedented noise levels at these low frequencies of $\lesssim30$ and $\lesssim23$ $\mu$Jy/beam in the inner $\sim3$ deg$^2$. This approach is also being used to reduce the LoTSS-wide data for the second data release., Comment: This paper is part of the 1st data release of the LoTSS Deep Fields. Electronic data catalogues will be made available on journal publication

Published
2020
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3. An ALMA Survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UKIDSS/UDS Field: The Far-infrared/Radio correlation for High-redshift Dusty Star-forming Galaxies

Author

Algera, H. S. B., Smail, I., Dudzevičiūtė, U., Swinbank, A. M., Stach, S., Hodge, J. A., Thomson, A. P., Almaini, O., Arumugam, V., Blain, A. W., Calistro-Rivera, G., Chapman, S. C., Chen, C. -C, da Cunha, E., Farrah, D., Leslie, S., Scott, D., Van der Vlugt, D., Wardlow, J. L., and Van der Werf, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We study the radio properties of 706 sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs) selected at 870$\mu$m with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array from the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey map of the Ultra Deep Survey field. We detect 273 SMGs at $>4\sigma$ in deep Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array 1.4 GHz observations, of which a subset of 45 SMGs are additionally detected in 610 MHz Giant Metre-Wave Radio Telescope imaging. We quantify the far-infrared/radio correlation through parameter $q_\text{IR}$, defined as the logarithmic ratio of the far-infrared and radio luminosity, and include the radio-undetected SMGs through a stacking analysis. We determine a median $q_\text{IR} = 2.20\pm0.03$ for the full sample, independent of redshift, which places these $z\sim2.5$ dusty star-forming galaxies $0.44\pm0.04$ dex below the local correlation for both normal star-forming galaxies and local ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Both the lack of redshift-evolution and the offset from the local correlation are likely the result of the different physical conditions in high-redshift starburst galaxies, compared to local star-forming sources. We explain the offset through a combination of strong magnetic fields ($B\gtrsim0.2$mG), high interstellar medium (ISM) densities and additional radio emission generated by secondary cosmic rays. While local ULIRGs are likely to have similar magnetic field strengths, we find that their compactness, in combination with a higher ISM density compared to SMGs, naturally explains why local and high-redshift dusty star-forming galaxies follow a different far-infrared/radio correlation. Overall, our findings paint SMGs as a homogeneous population of galaxies, as illustrated by their tight and non-evolving far-infrared/radio correlation., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 18 pages + appendices; 7 figures in main text

Published
2020
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4. A LOFAR-IRAS cross-match study: the far-infrared radio correlation and the 150-MHz luminosity as a star-formation rate

Author

Wang, L., Gao, F., Duncan, K. J., Williams, W. L., Rowan-Robinson, M., Sabater, J., Shimwell, T. W., Bonato, M., Calistro-Rivera, G., Chyzy, K. T., Farrah, D., Gurkan, G., Hardcastle, M. J., McCheyne, I., Prandoni, I., Read, S. C., Rottgering, H. J. A., and Smith, D. J. B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Aims. We aim to study the far-infrared radio correlation (FIRC) at 150 MHz in the local Universe (at a median redshift z~0:05) and improve the use of the rest-frame 150-MHz luminosity, L150, as a star-formation rate (SFR) tracer, which is unaffected by dust extinction. Methods. We cross-match the 60-um selected Revised IRAS Faint Source Survey Redshift (RIFSCz) catalogue and the 150-MHz selected LOFAR value-added source catalogue in the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) Spring Field. We estimate L150 for the cross-matched sources and compare it with the total infrared (IR) luminosity, LIR, and various SFR tracers. Results. We find a tight linear correlation between log L150 and log LIR for star-forming galaxies, with a slope of 1.37. The median qIR value (defined as the logarithm of the LIR to L150 ratio) and its rms scatter of our main sample are 2.14 and 0.34, respectively. We also find that log L150 correlates tightly with the logarithm of SFR derived from three different tracers, i.e., SFR_Halpha based on the Halpha line luminosity, SFR_60 based on the rest-frame 60-um luminosity and SFR_IR based on LIR, with a scatter of 0.3 dex. Our best-fit relations between L150 and these SFR tracers are, log L150 (Lsun) = 1.35(0.06) x log SFR_Halpha (Msun/yr) + 3.20(0.06), log L150 (Lsun) = 1.31(0.05) x log SFR_60 (Msun/yr) + 3.14(0.06), and log L150 (Lsun) = 1.37(0.05) x log SFR_IR (Msun/yr) + 3.09(0.05), which show excellent agreement with each other., Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2019
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5. The Far-Infrared Radio Correlation at low radio frequency with LOFAR/H-ATLAS

Author

Read, S. C., Smith, D. J. B., Gürkan, G., Hardcastle, M. J., Williams, W. L., Best, P. N., Brinks, E., Calistro-Rivera, G., Chyzy, K. T., Duncan, K., Dunne, L., Jarvis, M. J., Morabito, L. K., Prandoni, I., Röttgering, H. J. A., Sabater, J., and Viaene, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The radio and far-infrared luminosities of star-forming galaxies are tightly correlated over several orders of magnitude; this is known as the far-infrared radio correlation (FIRC). Previous studies have shown that a host of factors conspire to maintain a tight and linear FIRC, despite many models predicting deviation. This discrepancy between expectations and observations is concerning since a linear FIRC underpins the use of radio luminosity as a star-formation rate indicator. Using LOFAR 150MHz, FIRST 1.4 GHz, and Herschel infrared luminosities derived from the new LOFAR/H-ATLAS catalogue, we investigate possible variation in the monochromatic (250$\mathrm{\mu m}$) FIRC at low and high radio frequencies. We use statistical techniques to probe the FIRC for an optically-selected sample of 4,082 emission-line classified star-forming galaxies as a function of redshift, effective dust temperature, stellar mass, specific star formation rate, and mid-infrared colour (an empirical proxy for specific star formation rate). Although the average FIRC at high radio frequency is consistent with expectations based on a standard power-law radio spectrum, the average correlation at 150MHz is not. We see evidence for redshift evolution of the FIRC at 150MHz, and find that the FIRC varies with stellar mass, dust temperature and specific star formation rate, whether the latter is probed using MAGPHYS fitting, or using mid-infrared colour as a proxy. We can explain the variation, to within 1$\sigma$, seen in the FIRC over mid-infrared colour by a combination of dust temperature, redshift, and stellar mass using a Bayesian partial correlation technique., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 23 pages, 24 figures, 2 appendices

Published
2018
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6. AGNfitter-rx : Modeling the radio-to-X-ray spectral energy distributions of AGNs

Author

Martínez-Ramírez, L.N., primary, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Lusso, Elisabeta, additional, Bauer, F.E., additional, Nardini, Emanuele, additional, Buchner, Johannes, additional, Michael Brown, J.I., additional, Juan Pineda, C.B., additional, Matthew Temple, J., additional, Banerji, Manda, additional, Stalevski, M., additional, and Joseph Hennawi, F., additional

Published
2024
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7. Ubiquitous radio emission in quasars: Predominant AGN origin and a connection to jets, dust, and winds.

Author

Calistro Rivera, G., Alexander, D. M., Harrison, C. M., Fawcett, V. A., Best, P. N., Williams, W. L., Hardcastle, M. J., Rosario, D. J., Smith, D. J. B., Arnaudova, M. I., Escott, E., Gürkan, G., Kondapally, R., Miley, G., Morabito, L. K., Petley, J., Prandoni, I., Röttgering, H. J. A., and Yue, B.-H.

Subjects
*ACTIVE galactic nuclei, *ACTIVE galaxies, *SUPERMASSIVE black holes, *GALACTIC evolution, *SPECTRAL energy distribution, *QUASARS
Abstract

We present a comprehensive study of the physical origin of radio emission in optical quasars at redshifts z < 2.5. We focus particularly on the associations between compact radio emission, dust reddening, and outflows identified in our earlier work. Leveraging the deepest low-frequency radio data available to date (LoTSS Deep DR1), we achieve radio detection fractions of up to 94%, demonstrating the virtual ubiquity of radio emission in quasars, and a continuous distribution in radio loudness. Through our analysis of radio properties, combined with spectral energy distribution modelling of deep multiwavelength photometry, we establish that the primary source of radio emission in quasars is the active galactic nucleus (AGN), rather than star formation. Modelling the dust reddening of the accretion disc emission shows a continuous increase in radio detection in quasars as a function of the reddening parameter E(B − V), suggesting a causal link between radio emission and dust reddening. Confirming previous findings, we observe that the radio excess in red quasars is most pronounced for sources with compact radio morphologies and intermediate radio loudness. We find a significant increase in [O III] and C IV outflow velocities for red quasars not seen in our control sample, with particularly powerful [O III] winds in those around the threshold from radio-quiet to radio-loud. Based on the combined characterisation of radio, reddening, and outflow properties in our sample, we favour a model in which the compact radio emission observed in quasars originates in compact radio jets and their interaction with a dusty, circumnuclear environment. In particular, our results align with the theory that jet-induced winds and shocks resulting from this interaction are the origin of the enhanced radio emission in red quasars. Further investigation of this model is crucial for advancing our understanding of quasar feedback mechanisms and their role in galaxy evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. KASHz+SUPER: Evidence of cold molecular gas depletion in AGN hosts at cosmic noon.

Author

Bertola, E., Circosta, C., Ginolfi, M., Mainieri, V., Vignali, C., Calistro Rivera, G., Ward, S. R., Lopez, I. E., Pensabene, A., Alexander, D. M., Bischetti, M., Brusa, M., Cappi, M., Comastri, A., Contursi, A., Cicone, C., Cresci, G., Dadina, M., D'Amato, Q., and Feltre, A.

Subjects
ACTIVE galaxies, GALACTIC evolution, GAS reservoirs, GAS distribution, COLD gases, ACTIVE galactic nuclei
Abstract

The energy released by active galactic nuclei (AGN) has the potential to heat or remove the gas of the ISM, thus likely impacting the cold molecular gas reservoir of host galaxies at first, with star formation following as a consequence on longer timescales. Previous works on high-z galaxies, which compared the gas content of those without identified AGN, have yielded conflicting results, possibly due to selection biases and other systematics. To provide a reliable benchmark for galaxy evolution models at cosmic noon (z = 1 − 3), two surveys were conceived: SUPER and KASHz, both targeting unbiased X-ray-selected AGN at z > 1 that span a wide bolometric luminosity range. In this paper we assess the effects of AGN feedback on the molecular gas content of host galaxies in a statistically robust, uniformly selected, coherently analyzed sample of AGN at z = 1 − 2.6, drawn from the KASHz and SUPER surveys. By using targeted and archival ALMA data in combination with dedicated SED modeling, we retrieve CO and far-infrared (FIR) luminosity as well as M* of SUPER and KASHz host galaxies. We selected non-active galaxies from PHIBBS, ASPECS, and multiple ALMA/NOEMA surveys of submillimeter galaxies in the COSMOS, UDS, and ECDF fields. By matching the samples in redshift, stellar mass, and FIR luminosity, we compared the properties of AGN and non-active galaxies within a Bayesian framework. We find that AGN hosts at given FIR luminosity are on average CO depleted compared to non-active galaxies, thus confirming what was previously found in the SUPER survey. Moreover, the molecular gas fraction distributions of AGN and non-active galaxies are statistically different, with the distribution of AGN being skewed to lower values. Our results indicate that AGN can indeed reduce the total cold molecular gas reservoir of their host galaxies. Lastly, by comparing our results with predictions from three cosmological simulations (TNG, Eagle, and Simba) filtered to match the properties of observed AGN, AGN hosts, and non-active galaxies, we confirm already known discrepancies and highlight new discrepancies between observations and simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. PRUSSIC

Author

Rybak, M., primary, van Marrewijk, J., additional, Hodge, J. A., additional, Andreani, P., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Graziani, L., additional, McKean, J. P., additional, Viti, S., additional, and van der Werf, P. P., additional

Published
2023
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12. A novel Bayesian approach for decomposing the radio emission of quasars: I. Modelling the radio excess in red quasars.

Author

(岳博涵), B -H Yue, Best, P N, Duncan, K J, Calistro-Rivera, G, Morabito, L K, Petley, J W, Prandoni, I, Röttgering, H J A, and Smith, D J B

Subjects
QUASARS, ASTROPHYSICAL jets, GALAXY mergers, RADIO technology
Abstract

Studies show that both radio jets from the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the star formation (SF) activity in quasar host galaxies contribute to the quasar radio emission; yet their relative contributions across the population remain unclear. Here, we present an improved parametric model that allows us to statistically separate the SF and AGN components in observed quasar radio flux density distributions, and investigate how their relative contributions evolve with AGN bolometric luminosity (⁠|$L_\mathrm{bol}$|⁠) and redshift (z) using a fully Bayesian method. Based on the newest data from LOw-Frequency ARray Two-metre Sky Survey data release 2, our model gives robust fitting results out to |$z\sim 4$|⁠ , showing a quasar host galaxy SF rate (SFR) evolution that increases with bolometric luminosity and with redshift out to |$z\sim 4$|⁠. This differs from the global cosmic SFR density, perhaps due to the importance of galaxy mergers. The prevalence of radio AGN emissions increases with quasar luminosity, but has little dependence on redshift. Furthermore, our new methodology and large sample size allow us to subdivide our data set to investigate the role of other parameters. Specifically, in this paper, we explore quasar colour and demonstrate that the radio excess in red quasars is due to an enhancement in AGN-related emission, since the host galaxy SF contribution to the total radio emission is independent of quasar colour. We also find evidence that this radio enhancement occurs mostly in quasars with weak or intermediate radio power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. The Quasar Feedback Survey: characterizing CO excitation in quasar host galaxies.

Author

Molyneux, S J, Calistro Rivera, G, De Breuck, C, Harrison, C M, Mainieri, V, Lundgren, A, Kakkad, D, Circosta, C, Girdhar, A, Costa, T, Mullaney, J R, Kharb, P, Arrigoni Battaia, F, Farina, E P, Alexander, D M, Ward, S R, Silpa, S, and Smit, R

Subjects
*QUASARS, *INTERSTELLAR medium, *SPECTRAL energy distribution, *GALAXIES, *IONIZED gases, *CARBON monoxide
Abstract

We present a comprehensive study of the molecular gas properties of 17 Type 2 quasars at z < 0.2 from the Quasar Feedback Survey (L |$_{\rm [O~{\small III}]}$| > 1042.1  |$\rm ergs^{-1}$|⁠), selected by their high [O  iii ] luminosities and displaying a large diversity of radio jet properties, but dominated by LIRG-like galaxies. With these data, we are able to investigate the impact of AGN and AGN feedback mechanisms on the global molecular interstellar medium. Using Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment and ALMA ACA observations, we measure the total molecular gas content using the CO(1-0) emission and homogeneously sample the carbon monoxide (CO) spectral line energy distributions, observing CO transitions (J up  = 1, 2, 3, 6, 7). We observe high r 21 ratios (r 21  =  L 'CO(2-1)/ L 'CO(1-0)) with a median r 21  = 1.06, similar to local (U)LIRGs (with r 21 ∼ 1) and higher than normal star-forming galaxies (with r 21 ∼ 0.65). Despite the high r 21 values, for the seven targets with the required data, we find low excitation in CO(6-5) & CO(7-6) (r 61 and r 62 < 0.6 in all but one target), unlike high-redshift quasars in the literature, which are far more luminous and show higher line ratios. The ionized gas traced by [O  iii ] exhibits systematically higher velocities than the molecular gas traced by CO. We conclude that any effects of quasar feedback (e.g. via outflows and radio jets) do not have a significant instantaneous impact on the global molecular gas content and excitation and we suggest that it only occurs on more localized scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Quasar feedback survey: molecular gas affected by central outflows and by ∼10-kpc radio lobes reveal dual feedback effects in 'radio quiet' quasars.

Author

Girdhar, A, Harrison, C M, Mainieri, V, Fernández Aranda, R, Alexander, D M, Arrigoni Battaia, F, Bianchin, M, Calistro Rivera, G, Circosta, C, Costa, T, Edge, A C, Farina, E P, Kakkad, D, Kharb, P, Molyneux, S J, Mukherjee, D, Njeri, A, S., Silpa, Venturi, G, and Ward, S R

Subjects
ACTIVE galactic nuclei, GALAXY clusters, QUASARS, RADIO galaxies, STAR formation, MOLECULAR weights, MOLECULAR structure
Abstract

We present a study of molecular gas, traced via CO (3–2) from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data, of four z < 0.2, 'radio quiet', type 2 quasars (Lbol ∼ 1045.3–1046.2 erg s−1; L |$_{\mathrm{1.4\, GHz}}\sim 10^{23.7}\!-\!10^{24.3}$|   W  Hz−1). Targets were selected to have extended radio lobes (≥ 10 kpc), and compact, moderate-power jets (1–10 kpc; P jet ∼ 1043.2–1043.7 erg s−1). All targets show evidence of central molecular outflows, or injected turbulence, within the gas discs (traced via high-velocity wing components in CO emission-line profiles). The inferred velocities (V out = 250–440 km s−1) and spatial scales (0.6–1.6 kpc), are consistent with those of other samples of luminous low-redshift active galactic nuclei. In two targets, we observe extended molecular gas structures beyond the central discs, containing 9–53  per cent of the total molecular gas mass. These structures tend to be elongated, extending from the core, and wrap-around (or along) the radio lobes. Their properties are similar to the molecular gas filaments observed around radio lobes of, mostly 'radio loud', brightest cluster galaxies. They have the following: projected distances of 5–13 kpc; bulk velocities of 100–340 km s−1; velocity dispersion of 30–130 km s−1; inferred mass outflow rates of 4–20 M⊙ yr−1; and estimated kinetic powers of 1040.3–1041.7 erg s−1. Our observations are consistent with simulations that suggest moderate-power jets can have a direct (but modest) impact on molecular gas on small scales, through direct jet–cloud interactions. Then, on larger scales, jet-cocoons can push gas aside. Both processes could contribute to the long-term regulation of star formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Identifying active galactic nuclei via brightness temperature with sub-arcsecond international LOFAR telescope observations

Author

Morabito, Leah K, primary, Sweijen, F, additional, Radcliffe, J F, additional, Best, P N, additional, Kondapally, Rohit, additional, Bondi, Marco, additional, Bonato, Matteo, additional, Duncan, K J, additional, Prandoni, Isabella, additional, Shimwell, T W, additional, Williams, W L, additional, van Weeren, R J, additional, Conway, J E, additional, and Calistro Rivera, G, additional

Published
2022
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17. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey

Author

Shimwell, T. W., Hardcastle, M. J., Tasse, C., Best, P. N., Röttgering, H. J. A., Williams, W. L., Botteon, A., Drabent, A., Mechev, A., Shulevski, A., van Weeren, R. J., Bester, L., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Callingham, J. R., Chyży, K. T., Conway, J. E., Dijkema, T. J., Duncan, K., de Gasperin, F., Hale, C. L., Haverkorn, M., Hugo, B., Jackson, N., Mevius, M., Miley, G. K., Morabito, L. K., Morganti, R., Offringa, A., Oonk, J. B. R., Rafferty, D., Sabater, J., Smith, D. J. B., Schwarz, D. J., Smirnov, O., O’Sullivan, S. P., Vedantham, H., White, G. J., Albert, J. G., Alegre, L., Asabere, B., Bacon, D. J., Bonafede, A., Bonnassieux, E., Brienza, M., Bilicki, M., Bonato, M., Calistro Rivera, G., Cassano, R., Cochrane, R., Croston, J. H., Cuciti, V., Dallacasa, D., Danezi, A., Dettmar, R. J., Di Gennaro, G., Edler, H. W., Enßlin, T. A., Emig, K. L., Franzen, T. M. O., García-Vergara, C., Grange, Y. G., Gürkan, G., Hajduk, M., Heald, G., Heesen, V., Hoang, D. N., Hoeft, M., Horellou, C., Iacobelli, M., Jamrozy, M., Jelić, V., Kondapally, R., Kukreti, P., Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., Magliocchetti, M., Mahatma, V., Małek, K., Mandal, S., Massaro, F., Meyer-Zhao, Z., Mingo, B., Mostert, R. I. J., Nair, D. G., Nakoneczny, S. J., Nikiel-Wroczyński, B., Orrú, E., Pajdosz-Śmierciak, U., Pasini, T., Prandoni, I., van Piggelen, H. E., Rajpurohit, K., Retana-Montenegro, E., Riseley, C. J., Rowlinson, A., Saxena, A., Schrijvers, C., Sweijen, F., Siewert, T. M., Timmerman, R., Vaccari, M., Vink, J., West, J. L., Wołowska, A., Zhang, X., and Zheng, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

In this data release from the ongoing LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) Two-metre Sky Survey we present 120–168 MHz images covering 27% of the northern sky. Our coverage is split into two regions centred at approximately 12h45m +44◦300 and 1h00m +28◦000 and spanning 4178 and 1457 square degrees respectively. The images were derived from 3451 h (7.6 PB) of LOFAR High Band Antenna data which were corrected for the direction-independent instrumental properties as well as direction-dependent ionospheric distortions during extensive, but fully automated, data processing. A catalogue of 4 396 228 radio sources is derived from our total intensity (Stokes I) maps, where the majority of these have never been detected at radio wavelengths before. At 600 resolution, our full bandwidth Stokes I continuum maps with a central frequency of 144 MHz have: a median rms sensitivity of 83 µJy beam−1 ; a flux density scale accuracy of approximately 10%; an astrometric accuracy of 0.200; and we estimate the point-source completeness to be 90% at a peak brightness of 0.8 mJy beam−1 . By creating three 16 MHz bandwidth images across the band we are able to measure the in-band spectral index of many sources, albeit with an error on the derived spectral index of >±0.2 which is a consequence of our flux-density scale accuracy and small fractional bandwidth. Our circular polarisation (Stokes V) 2000 resolution 120–168 MHz continuum images have a median rms sensitivity of 95 µJy beam−1 , and we estimate a Stokes I to Stokes V leakage of 0.056%. Our linear polarisation (Stokes Q and Stokes U) image cubes consist of 480 × 97.6 kHz wide planes and have a median rms sensitivity per plane of 10.8 mJy beam−1 at 40 and 2.2 mJy beam−1 at 2000; we estimate the Stokes I to Stokes Q/U leakage to be approximately 0.2%. Here we characterise and publicly release our Stokes I, Q, U and V images in addition to the calibrated uv-data to facilitate the thorough scientific exploitation of this unique dataset.

Published
2022
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19. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey

Author

Shimwell, T. W., primary, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, Tasse, C., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, Williams, W. L., additional, Botteon, A., additional, Drabent, A., additional, Mechev, A., additional, Shulevski, A., additional, van Weeren, R. J., additional, Bester, L., additional, Brüggen, M., additional, Brunetti, G., additional, Callingham, J. R., additional, Chyży, K. T., additional, Conway, J. E., additional, Dijkema, T. J., additional, Duncan, K., additional, de Gasperin, F., additional, Hale, C. L., additional, Haverkorn, M., additional, Hugo, B., additional, Jackson, N., additional, Mevius, M., additional, Miley, G. K., additional, Morabito, L. K., additional, Morganti, R., additional, Offringa, A., additional, Oonk, J. B. R., additional, Rafferty, D., additional, Sabater, J., additional, Smith, D. J. B., additional, Schwarz, D. J., additional, Smirnov, O., additional, O’Sullivan, S. P., additional, Vedantham, H., additional, White, G. J., additional, Albert, J. G., additional, Alegre, L., additional, Asabere, B., additional, Bacon, D. J., additional, Bonafede, A., additional, Bonnassieux, E., additional, Brienza, M., additional, Bilicki, M., additional, Bonato, M., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Cassano, R., additional, Cochrane, R., additional, Croston, J. H., additional, Cuciti, V., additional, Dallacasa, D., additional, Danezi, A., additional, Dettmar, R. J., additional, Di Gennaro, G., additional, Edler, H. W., additional, Enßlin, T. A., additional, Emig, K. L., additional, Franzen, T. M. O., additional, García-Vergara, C., additional, Grange, Y. G., additional, Gürkan, G., additional, Hajduk, M., additional, Heald, G., additional, Heesen, V., additional, Hoang, D. N., additional, Hoeft, M., additional, Horellou, C., additional, Iacobelli, M., additional, Jamrozy, M., additional, Jelić, V., additional, Kondapally, R., additional, Kukreti, P., additional, Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., additional, Magliocchetti, M., additional, Mahatma, V., additional, Małek, K., additional, Mandal, S., additional, Massaro, F., additional, Meyer-Zhao, Z., additional, Mingo, B., additional, Mostert, R. I. J., additional, Nair, D. G., additional, Nakoneczny, S. J., additional, Nikiel-Wroczyński, B., additional, Orrú, E., additional, Pajdosz-Śmierciak, U., additional, Pasini, T., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, van Piggelen, H. E., additional, Rajpurohit, K., additional, Retana-Montenegro, E., additional, Riseley, C. J., additional, Rowlinson, A., additional, Saxena, A., additional, Schrijvers, C., additional, Sweijen, F., additional, Siewert, T. M., additional, Timmerman, R., additional, Vaccari, M., additional, Vink, J., additional, West, J. L., additional, Wołowska, A., additional, Zhang, X., additional, and Zheng, J., additional

Published
2022
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20. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep fields. The mass dependence of the far-infrared radio correlation at 150MHz using deblended Herschel fluxes

Author

McCheyne, I., primary, Oliver, S., additional, Sargent, M., additional, Kondapally, R., additional, Smith, D., additional, Haskell, P., additional, Duncan, K., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Sabater, J., additional, Bonato, M., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Cochrane, R. K., additional, Campos Varillas, M. C., additional, Hurley, P., additional, Małek, K., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, Read, S., additional, Rottgering, H.J.A., additional, Tasse, C., additional, Vaccari, M., additional, and Wang, L., additional

Published
2022
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21. Quasar feedback survey: multiphase outflows, turbulence, and evidence for feedback caused by low power radio jets inclined into the galaxy disc

Author

Girdhar, A, primary, Harrison, C M, additional, Mainieri, V, additional, Bittner, A, additional, Costa, T, additional, Kharb, P, additional, Mukherjee, D, additional, Arrigoni Battaia, F, additional, Alexander, D M, additional, Calistro Rivera, G, additional, Circosta, C, additional, De Breuck, C, additional, Edge, A C, additional, Farina, E P, additional, Kakkad, D, additional, Lansbury, G B, additional, Molyneux, S J, additional, Mullaney, J R, additional, S, Silpa, additional, Thomson, A P, additional, and Ward, S R, additional

Published
2022
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22. Low frequency radio properties of the z > ​5 quasar population

Author

Gloudemans, A. J., primary, Duncan, K. J., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, Shimwell, T. W., additional, Venemans, B. P., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Brüggen, M., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Drabent, A., additional, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, Miley, G. K., additional, Schwarz, D. J., additional, Saxena, A., additional, Smith, D. J. B., additional, and Williams, W. L., additional

Published
2021
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23. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields

Author

Bonato, M., primary, Prandoni, I., additional, De Zotti, G., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Bondi, M., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Cochrane, R. K., additional, Gürkan, G., additional, Haskell, P., additional, Kondapally, R., additional, Magliocchetti, M., additional, Leslie, S. K., additional, Malek, K., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, Smith, D. J. B., additional, Tasse, C., additional, and Wang, L., additional

Published
2021
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24. SUPER

Author

Lamperti, I., primary, Harrison, C. M., additional, Mainieri, V., additional, Kakkad, D., additional, Perna, M., additional, Circosta, C., additional, Scholtz, J., additional, Carniani, S., additional, Cicone, C., additional, Alexander, D. M., additional, Bischetti, M., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Chen, C.-C., additional, Cresci, G., additional, Feruglio, C., additional, Fiore, F., additional, Mannucci, F., additional, Marconi, A., additional, Martínez-Ramírez, L. N., additional, Netzer, H., additional, Piconcelli, E., additional, Puglisi, A., additional, Rosario, D. J., additional, Schramm, M., additional, Vietri, G., additional, Vignali, C., additional, and Zappacosta, L., additional

Published
2021
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25. The radio loudness of SDSS quasars from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: ubiquitous jet activity and constraints on star formation

Author

Macfarlane, C, primary, Best, P N, additional, Sabater, J, additional, Gürkan, G, additional, Jarvis, M J, additional, Röttgering, H J A, additional, Baldi, R D, additional, Calistro Rivera, G, additional, Duncan, K J, additional, Morabito, L K, additional, Prandoni, I, additional, and Retana-Montenegro, E, additional

Published
2021
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26. Extended Hα over compact far-infrared continuum in dusty submillimeter galaxies

Author

Chen, Chian-Chou, Harrison, C. M., Smail, I., Swinbank, A. M., Turner, O. J., Wardlow, J. L., Brandt, W. N., Calistro Rivera, G., Chapman, S. C., Cooke, E. A., Dannerbauer, H., Dunlop, J. S., Farrah, D., Michałowski, M. J., Schinnerer, E., Simpson, J. M., Thomson, A. P., and van der Werf, P. P.

Subjects
astro-ph.SR, astro-ph.GA, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

By using data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and near-infrared (NIR) integral field spectrographs, including both Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observations in the Near Infrared and K-band Multi Object Spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope, we investigate the two-dimensional distributions of Hα and rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) continuum in six submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z ∼ 2. At a similar spatial resolution (∼0.″5 FWHM; ∼4.5 kpc at z = 2), we find that the half-light radius of Hα is significantly larger than that of the FIR continuum in half of the sample, and on average Hα is a median factor of 2.0 ± 0.4 larger. Having explored various ways to correct for the attenuation, we find that the attenuation-corrected Hα-based star-formation rates (SFRs) are systematically lower than the infrared (IR)-based SFRs by at least a median factor of 3 ± 1, which cannot be explained by the difference in half-light radius alone. In addition, we find that in 40% of cases the total V-band attenuation (AV) derived from energy balance modeling of the full ultraviolet (UV)-to-FIR spectral energy distributions (SEDs) is significantly higher than what is derived from SED modeling using only the UV-to-NIR part of the SEDs, and the discrepancy appears to increase with increasing total infrared luminosity. Finally, in considering all of our findings along with the studies in the literature, we postulate that the dust distributions in SMGs, and possibly also in less IR luminous z ∼ 2 massive star-forming galaxies, can be decomposed into the following three main components: the diffuse dust heated by older stellar populations, the more obscured and extended young star-forming H II regions, and the heavily obscured central regions that have a low filling factor but dominate the infrared luminosity in which the majority of attenuation cannot be probed via UV-to-NIR emissions.

Published
2020
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27. The multiwavelength properties of red QSOs: Evidence for dusty winds as the origin of QSO reddening

Author

Calistro Rivera, G., primary, Alexander, D. M., additional, Rosario, D. J., additional, Harrison, C. M., additional, Stalevski, M., additional, Rakshit, S., additional, Fawcett, V. A., additional, Morabito, L. K., additional, Klindt, L., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Bonato, M., additional, Bowler, R. A. A., additional, Costa, T., additional, and Kondapally, R., additional

Published
2021
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28. Low-frequency radio spectra of submillimetre galaxies in the Lockman Hole

Author

Ramasawmy, J., primary, Geach, J. E., additional, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Bonato, M., additional, Bondi, M., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Cochrane, R. K., additional, Conway, J. E., additional, Coppin, K., additional, Duncan, K. J., additional, Dunlop, J. S., additional, Franco, M., additional, García-Vergara, C., additional, Jarvis, M. J., additional, Kondapally, R., additional, McCheyne, I., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, Smith, D. J. B., additional, Tasse, C., additional, and Wang, L., additional

Published
2021
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29. The LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey: Deep Fields Data Release 1

Author

Tasse, C., primary, Shimwell, T., additional, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, O’Sullivan, S. P., additional, van Weeren, R., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Bester, L., additional, Hugo, B., additional, Smirnov, O., additional, Sabater, J., additional, Calistro-Rivera, G., additional, de Gasperin, F., additional, Morabito, L. K., additional, Röttgering, H., additional, Williams, W. L., additional, Bonato, M., additional, Bondi, M., additional, Botteon, A., additional, Brüggen, M., additional, Brunetti, G., additional, Chyży, K. T., additional, Garrett, M. A., additional, Gürkan, G., additional, Jarvis, M. J., additional, Kondapally, R., additional, Mandal, S., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, Repetti, A., additional, Retana-Montenegro, E., additional, Schwarz, D. J., additional, Shulevski, A., additional, and Wiaux, Y., additional

Published
2021
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30. The quasar feedback survey: discovering hidden Radio-AGN and their connection to the host galaxy ionized gas

Author

Jarvis, M E, primary, Harrison, C M, additional, Mainieri, V, additional, Alexander, D M, additional, Arrigoni Battaia, F, additional, Calistro Rivera, G, additional, Circosta, C, additional, Costa, T, additional, De Breuck, C, additional, Edge, A C, additional, Girdhar, A, additional, Kakkad, D, additional, Kharb, P, additional, Lansbury, G B, additional, Molyneux, S J, additional, Mukherjee, D, additional, Mullaney, J R, additional, Farina, E P, additional, S, Silpa, additional, Thomson, A P, additional, and Ward, S R, additional

Published
2021
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31. An ALMA Survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UKIDSS/UDS Field: The Far-infrared/Radio Correlation for High-redshift Dusty Star-forming Galaxies

Author

Algera, H. S. B., primary, Smail, I., additional, Dudzevičiūtė, U., additional, Swinbank, A. M., additional, Stach, S., additional, Hodge, J. A., additional, Thomson, A. P., additional, Almaini, O., additional, Arumugam, V., additional, Blain, A. W., additional, Calistro-Rivera, G., additional, Chapman, S. C., additional, Chen, C.-C, additional, da Cunha, E., additional, Farrah, D., additional, Leslie, S., additional, Scott, D., additional, van der Vlugt, D., additional, Wardlow, J. L., additional, and van der Werf, P., additional

Published
2020
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32. High molecular gas content and star formation rates in local galaxies that host quasars, outflows, and jets

Author

Jarvis, M E, primary, Harrison, C M, additional, Mainieri, V, additional, Calistro Rivera, G, additional, Jethwa, P, additional, Zhang, Z-Y, additional, Alexander, D M, additional, Circosta, C, additional, Costa, T, additional, De Breuck, C, additional, Kakkad, D, additional, Kharb, P, additional, Lansbury, G B, additional, and Thomson, A P, additional

Published
2020
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35. Extended Hα over compact far-infrared continuum in dusty submillimeter galaxies

Author

Chen, Chian-Chou, primary, Harrison, C. M., additional, Smail, I., additional, Swinbank, A. M., additional, Turner, O. J., additional, Wardlow, J. L., additional, Brandt, W. N., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Chapman, S. C., additional, Cooke, E. A., additional, Dannerbauer, H., additional, Dunlop, J. S., additional, Farrah, D., additional, Michałowski, M. J., additional, Schinnerer, E., additional, Simpson, J. M., additional, Thomson, A. P., additional, and van der Werf, P. P., additional

Published
2020
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36. Extended H$\alpha$ over compact far-infrared continuum in dusty submillimeter galaxies -- Insights into dust distributions and star-formation rates at $z\sim2$

Author

Chen, Chian-Chou, Harrison, C. M., Smail, I., Swinbank, A. M., Turner, O. J., Wardlow, J. L., Brandt, W. N., Calistro Rivera, G., Chapman, S. C., Cooke, E. A., Dannerbauer, H., Dunlop, J. S., Farrah, D., Michałowski, M. J., Schinnerer, E., Simpson, J. M., Thomson, A. P., van der Werf, P. P., Chen, Chian-Chou, Harrison, C. M., Smail, I., Swinbank, A. M., Turner, O. J., Wardlow, J. L., Brandt, W. N., Calistro Rivera, G., Chapman, S. C., Cooke, E. A., Dannerbauer, H., Dunlop, J. S., Farrah, D., Michałowski, M. J., Schinnerer, E., Simpson, J. M., Thomson, A. P., and van der Werf, P. P.

Abstract

Using data from ALMA and near-infrared (NIR) integral field spectrographs including both SINFONI and KMOS on the VLT, we investigate the two-dimensional distributions of H$\alpha$ and rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) continuum in six submillimeter galaxies at $z\sim2$. At a similar spatial resolution ($\sim$0.5" FWHM; $\sim$4.5 kpc at $z=2$), we find that the half-light radius of H$\alpha$ is significantly larger than that of the FIR continuum in half of the sample, and on average H$\alpha$ is a median factor of $2.0\pm0.4$ larger. Having explored various ways to correct for the attenuation, we find that the attenuation-corrected H$\alpha$-based SFRs are systematically lower than the IR-based SFRs by at least a median factor of $3\pm1$, which cannot be explained by the difference in half-light radius alone. In addition, we find that in 40% of cases the total $V$-band attenuation ($A_V$) derived from energy balance modeling of the full ultraviolet(UV)-to-FIR spectral energy distributions (SEDs) is significantly higher than that derived from SED modeling using only the UV-to-NIR part of the SEDs, and the discrepancy appears to increase with increasing total infrared luminosity. Finally, considering all our findings along with the studies in the literature, we postulate that the dust distributions in SMGs, and possibly also in less IR luminous $z\sim2$ massive star-forming galaxies, can be decomposed into three main components; the diffuse dust heated by older stellar populations, the more obscured and extended young star-forming HII regions, and the heavily obscured central regions that have a low filling factor but dominate the infrared luminosity in which the majority of attenuation cannot be probed via UV-to-NIR emissions.

Published
2020

37. The colours of the extreme universe

Author

Calistro Rivera, G., Röttgering, H., Hodge, J., Werf, P. van der, Alexander, D., Franx, M., Smolčić, V., Bouwens, R., and Leiden University

Subjects
Black-holes, Molecular Gas, Multi-wavelength, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Galaxy evolution, Dust, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxies, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

This thesis presents pioneering work on the panchromatic emission of some of the most luminous galaxies in the early Universe: star forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei. Using state-of-the-art statistical methods and new-generation radio-to-X-rays instruments, this thesis expands the parameter space covered by current multi-wavelength studies of galaxy evolution. In particular, this thesis pushes three different frontiers. The statistical frontier is explored by developing a sophisticated statistical tool to robustly recover the parameters required to model multi-wavelength emission. The wavelength frontier is pushed forward by exploring galaxy evolution from the new spectral window at low-frequency radio, opened by the LOFAR instrument. Finally, the resolution frontier will be pushed by exploring the distribution of emission components across the spectrum using a combination of high-resolution ALMA and HST imaging.

Published
2019

38. Overdensity of submillimeter galaxies around the z ≃ 2.3 MAMMOTH-1 nebula

Author

Arrigoni Battaia, F., Chen, Chian-Chou, Fumagalli, M., Cai, Zheng, Calistro Rivera, G., Xu, Jiachuan, Smail, I., Prochaska, J. X., Yang, Yujin, and De Breuck, C.

Abstract

In the hierarchical model of structure formation, giant elliptical galaxies form through merging processes within the highest density peaks known as protoclusters. While high-redshift radio galaxies usually pinpoint the location of these environments, we have recently discovered at z ∼ 2−3 three enormous (> 200 kpc) Lyman-α nebulae (ELANe) that host multiple active galactic nuclei (AGN) and that are surrounded by overdensities of Lyman-α emitters (LAE). These regions are prime candidates for massive protoclusters in the early stages of assembly. To characterize the star-forming activity within these rare structures – both on ELAN and protocluster scales – we have initiated an observational campaign with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) and the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) telescopes. In this paper we report on sensitive SCUBA-2/JCMT 850 and 450 μm observations of a ∼128 arcmin2 field comprising the ELAN MAMMOTH-1, together with the peak of the hosting BOSS1441 LAE overdensity at z = 2.32. These observations unveil 4.0 ± 1.3 times higher source counts at 850 μm with respect to blank fields, likely confirming the presence of an overdensity also in obscured tracers. We find a strong detection at 850 μm associated with the continuum source embedded within the ELAN MAMMOTH-1, which – together with the available data from the literature – allow us to constrain the spectral energy distribution of this source to be of an ultra-luminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG) with a far-infrared luminosity of LFIRSF = 2.4−2.1+7.4×1012 L⊙, and hosting an obscured AGN. Such a source is thus able to power a hard photoionization plus outflow scenario to explain the extended Lyman-α, He IIλ1640, and C IVλ1549 emission, and their kinematics. In addition, the two brightest detections at 850 μm (f850 > 18 mJy) sit at the density peak of the LAEs’ overdensity, likely pinpointing the core of the protocluster. Future multiwavelength and spectroscopic datasets targeting the full extent of the BOSS1441 overdensity have the potential to firmly characterize a cosmic nursery of giant elliptical galaxies, and ultimately of a massive cluster.

Published
2018

39. What drives the [CII]/FIR deficit in submillimeter galaxies?

Author

Rybak, M., Hodge, J.A., Calistro Rivera, G., da Cunha, E., Hodge, J., Afonso, J., Pentericci, L., and Sobral, D.

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Saturation (chemistry), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift
Abstract

Submillimeter galaxies at redshift z⩾1 show a pronounced [CII]/FIR deficit down to sub-kpc scales; however, the physical origin of this deficit remains poorly understood. We use resolved ALMA observations of the [CII], FIR and CO(3–2) emission in two z = 3 SMGs to distinguish between the different proposed scenarios; the thermal saturation of the [CII] emission is the most likely explanation.

Published
2019
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40. A LOFAR-IRAS cross-match study: the far-infrared radio correlation and the 150 MHz luminosity as a star-formation rate tracer

Author

Wang, L., primary, Gao, F., additional, Duncan, K. J., additional, Williams, W. L., additional, Rowan-Robinson, M., additional, Sabater, J., additional, Shimwell, T. W., additional, Bonato, M., additional, Calistro-Rivera, G., additional, Chyży, K. T., additional, Farrah, D., additional, Gürkan, G., additional, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, McCheyne, I., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, Read, S. C., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, and Smith, D. J. B., additional

Published
2019
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41. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: II. First data release

Author

Shimwell, T.W., Tasse, C., Hardcastle, M.J., Mechev, A.P., Williams, W.L., Best, P.N., Röttgering, H.J.A., Callingham, J.R., Dijkema, T.J., De Gasperin, F., Hoang, D.N., Hugo, B., Mirmont, M., Oonk, J.B.R., Prandoni, I., Rafferty, D., Sabater, J., Smirnov, O., Van Weeren, R.J., White, G.J., Atemkeng, M., Bester, L., Bonnassieux, E., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Chy, K.T., Cochrane, R., Conway, J.E., Croston, J.H., Danezi, A., Duncan, K., Haverkorn, M., Heald, G.H., Iacobelli, M., Intema, Huib, Jackson, N., Jamrozy, M., Jarvis, M.J., Lakhoo, R., Mevius, M., Miley, G.K., Morabito, L., Morganti, R., Nisbet, D., Orrú, E., Perkins, S., Pizzo, R.F., Schrijvers, C., Smith, D.J.B., Vermeulen, R., Wise, M.W., Alegre, L., Bacon, D.J., Van Bemmel, I.M., Beswick, R.J., Bonafede, A., Botteon, A., Bourke, S., Brienza, M., Calistro Rivera, G., Cassano, R., Clarke, A.O., Conselice, C.J., Dettmar, R.J., Drabent, A., Dumba, C., Emig, K.L., Enßlin, T.A., Ferrari, C., Garrett, M.A., Génova-Santos, R.T., Goyal, A., Gürkan, G., Hale, C., Harwood, J.J., Heesen, V., Hoeft, M., Horellou, C., Jackson, Carole, Kokotanekov, G., Kondapally, R., Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., Mahatma, V., Mahony, E.K., Mandal, S., McKean, J.P., Merloni, A., Mingo, B., Miskolczi, A., Mooney, S., Nikiel-Wroczyński, B., O'Sullivan, S.P., Quinn, J., Reich, W., Roskowiński, C., Rowlinson, A., Savini, F., Saxena, A., Schwarz, D.J., Shulevski, A., Shimwell, T.W., Tasse, C., Hardcastle, M.J., Mechev, A.P., Williams, W.L., Best, P.N., Röttgering, H.J.A., Callingham, J.R., Dijkema, T.J., De Gasperin, F., Hoang, D.N., Hugo, B., Mirmont, M., Oonk, J.B.R., Prandoni, I., Rafferty, D., Sabater, J., Smirnov, O., Van Weeren, R.J., White, G.J., Atemkeng, M., Bester, L., Bonnassieux, E., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Chy, K.T., Cochrane, R., Conway, J.E., Croston, J.H., Danezi, A., Duncan, K., Haverkorn, M., Heald, G.H., Iacobelli, M., Intema, Huib, Jackson, N., Jamrozy, M., Jarvis, M.J., Lakhoo, R., Mevius, M., Miley, G.K., Morabito, L., Morganti, R., Nisbet, D., Orrú, E., Perkins, S., Pizzo, R.F., Schrijvers, C., Smith, D.J.B., Vermeulen, R., Wise, M.W., Alegre, L., Bacon, D.J., Van Bemmel, I.M., Beswick, R.J., Bonafede, A., Botteon, A., Bourke, S., Brienza, M., Calistro Rivera, G., Cassano, R., Clarke, A.O., Conselice, C.J., Dettmar, R.J., Drabent, A., Dumba, C., Emig, K.L., Enßlin, T.A., Ferrari, C., Garrett, M.A., Génova-Santos, R.T., Goyal, A., Gürkan, G., Hale, C., Harwood, J.J., Heesen, V., Hoeft, M., Horellou, C., Jackson, Carole, Kokotanekov, G., Kondapally, R., Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., Mahatma, V., Mahony, E.K., Mandal, S., McKean, J.P., Merloni, A., Mingo, B., Miskolczi, A., Mooney, S., Nikiel-Wroczyński, B., O'Sullivan, S.P., Quinn, J., Reich, W., Roskowiński, C., Rowlinson, A., Savini, F., Saxena, A., Schwarz, D.J., and Shulevski, A.

Abstract

The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) is an ongoing sensitive, high-resolution 120-168 MHz survey of the entire northern sky for which observations are now 20% complete. We present our first full-quality public data release. For this data release 424 square degrees, or 2% of the eventual coverage, in the region of the HETDEX Spring Field (right ascension 10h45m00s to 15h30m00s and declination 45°00′00″ to 57°00′00″) were mapped using a fully automated direction-dependent calibration and imaging pipeline that we developed. A total of 325 694 sources are detected with a signal of at least five times the noise, and the source density is a factor of ∼10 higher than the most sensitive existing very wide-area radio-continuum surveys. The median sensitivity is S144 MHz = 71 μJy beam -1 and the point-source completeness is 90% at an integrated flux density of 0.45 mJy. The resolution of the images is 6″ and the positional accuracy is within 0.2″. This data release consists of a catalogue containing location, flux, and shape estimates together with 58 mosaic images that cover the catalogued area. In this paper we provide an overview of the data release with a focus on the processing of the LOFAR data and the characteristics of the resulting images. In two accompanying papers we provide the radio source associations and deblending and, where possible, the optical identifications of the radio sources together with the photometric redshifts and properties of the host galaxies. These data release papers are published together with a further ∼20 articles that highlight the scientific potential of LoTSS.

Published
2019

42. Resolving the Interstellar Medium at the Peak of Cosmic Star Formation

Author

Calistro Rivera, G. and Hodge, J.A.

Subjects
Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The interstellar medium feeds both the formation of stars and the growth of black holes, making it a key ingredient in the evolution of galaxies. With the advent of the Atacama Large Millimeter/ submillimeter Array (ALMA), we can now probe the interstellar medium within high-redshift galaxies in increasingly exquisite detail. Our recent ALMA observations map the molecular gas and dust continuum emission in sub-millimetre-selected galaxies on 1-5 kpc scales, revealing significant differences in how the gas, dust continuum, and existing stellar emission are distributed within the galaxies. This study demonstrates the power of ALMA to shed new light on the structure and kinematics of the interstellar medium in the early Universe, suggesting that the interpretation of such observations is more complex than typically assumed., Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, published on The Messenger, No. 173 (September 2018)

Published
2018
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43. The LOFAR window on star-forming galaxies and AGNs – curved radio SEDs and IR–radio correlation at 0

Author

Calistro Rivera, G, Williams, W, Hardcastle, M, Duncan, K, Röttgering, H, Best, P, Brüggen, M, Chyży, K, Conselice, C, de Gasperin, F, Engels, D, Gürkan, G, Intema, H, Jarvis, M, Mahony, E, Miley, G, Morabito, L, Prandoni, I, Sabater, J, Smith, D, Tasse, C, van der Werf, P, and White, G

Abstract

We present a study of the low-frequency radio properties of star-forming (SF) galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) up to redshift z = 2.5. The new spectral window probed by the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) allows us to reconstruct the radio continuum emission from 150 MHz to 1.4 GHz to an unprecedented depth for a radio-selected sample of 1542 galaxies in ∼ 7 deg2 of the LOFAR Boötes field. Using the extensive multiwavelength data set available in Boötes and detailed modelling of the far-infrared to ultraviolet spectral energy distribution (SED), we are able to separate the star formation (N = 758) and the AGN (N = 784) dominated populations. We study the shape of the radio SEDs and their evolution across cosmic time and find significant differences in the spectral curvature between the SF galaxy and AGN populations. While the radio spectra of SF galaxies exhibit a weak but statistically significant flattening, AGN SEDs show a clear trend to become steeper towards lower frequencies. No evolution of the spectral curvature as a function of redshift is found for SF galaxies or AGNs. We investigate the redshift evolution of the infrared–radio correlation for SF galaxies and find that the ratio of total infrared to 1.4-GHz radio luminosities decreases with increasing redshift: q1.4 GHz = (2.45 ± 0.04) (1 + z)−0.15 ± 0.03. Similarly, q150 MHz shows a redshift evolution following q150 GHz = (1.72 ± 0.04) (1 + z)−0.22 ± 0.05. Calibration of the 150 MHz radio luminosity as a star formation rate tracer suggests that a single power-law extrapolation from q1.4 GHz is not an accurate approximation at all redshifts.

Published
2017
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44. The LOFAR window on star-forming galaxies and AGNs – curved radio SEDs and IR–radio correlation at 0

Author

Calistro Rivera, G., Williams, W. L., Hardcastle, M. J., Duncan, K., Rottgering, H.J.A., Best, P. N., Chy?y, K. T., Conselice, Christopher J., de Gasperin, F., Engels, D., Intema, H. T., Jarvis, M. J., Mahony, E. K., Miley, G. K., Morabito, L. K., Prandoni, I., Sabater, J., Smith, D. J. B., Tasse, C., van der Werf, P. P., and White, G. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: nuclei, galaxies: photometry, galaxies: starburst, infrared: galaxies, radio continuum: galaxies, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a study of the low-frequency radio properties of star-forming (SF) galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) up to redshift z = 2.5. The new spectral window probed by the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) allows us to reconstruct the radio continuum emission from 150 MHz to 1.4 GHz to an unprecedented depth for a radio-selected sample of 1542 galaxies in ∼ 7 deg2 of the LOFAR Boötes field. Using the extensive multiwavelength data set available in Boötes and detailed modelling of the far-infrared to ultraviolet spectral energy distribution (SED), we are able to separate the star formation (N = 758) and the AGN (N = 784) dominated populations. We study the shape of the radio SEDs and their evolution across cosmic time and find significant differences in the spectral curvature between the SF galaxy and AGN populations. While the radio spectra of SF galaxies exhibit a weak but statistically significant flattening, AGN SEDs show a clear trend to become steeper towards lower frequencies. No evolution of the spectral curvature as a function of redshift is found for SF galaxies or AGNs. We investigate the redshift evolution of the infrared–radio correlation for SF galaxies and find that the ratio of total infrared to 1.4-GHz radio luminosities decreases with increasing redshift: q1.4 GHz = (2.45 ± 0.04) (1 + z)−0.15 ± 0.03. Similarly, q150 MHz shows a redshift evolution following q150 GHz = (1.72 ± 0.04) (1 + z)−0.22 ± 0.05. Calibration of the 150 MHz radio luminosity as a star formation rate tracer suggests that a single power-law extrapolation from q1.4 GHz is not an accurate approximation at all redshifts.

Published
2017

45. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey

Author

Shimwell, T. W., primary, Tasse, C., additional, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, Mechev, A. P., additional, Williams, W. L., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, Callingham, J. R., additional, Dijkema, T. J., additional, de Gasperin, F., additional, Hoang, D. N., additional, Hugo, B., additional, Mirmont, M., additional, Oonk, J. B. R., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, Rafferty, D., additional, Sabater, J., additional, Smirnov, O., additional, van Weeren, R. J., additional, White, G. J., additional, Atemkeng, M., additional, Bester, L., additional, Bonnassieux, E., additional, Brüggen, M., additional, Brunetti, G., additional, Chyży, K. T., additional, Cochrane, R., additional, Conway, J. E., additional, Croston, J. H., additional, Danezi, A., additional, Duncan, K., additional, Haverkorn, M., additional, Heald, G. H., additional, Iacobelli, M., additional, Intema, H. T., additional, Jackson, N., additional, Jamrozy, M., additional, Jarvis, M. J., additional, Lakhoo, R., additional, Mevius, M., additional, Miley, G. K., additional, Morabito, L., additional, Morganti, R., additional, Nisbet, D., additional, Orrú, E., additional, Perkins, S., additional, Pizzo, R. F., additional, Schrijvers, C., additional, Smith, D. J. B., additional, Vermeulen, R., additional, Wise, M. W., additional, Alegre, L., additional, Bacon, D. J., additional, van Bemmel, I. M., additional, Beswick, R. J., additional, Bonafede, A., additional, Botteon, A., additional, Bourke, S., additional, Brienza, M., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Cassano, R., additional, Clarke, A. O., additional, Conselice, C. J., additional, Dettmar, R. J., additional, Drabent, A., additional, Dumba, C., additional, Emig, K. L., additional, Enßlin, T. A., additional, Ferrari, C., additional, Garrett, M. A., additional, Génova-Santos, R. T., additional, Goyal, A., additional, Gürkan, G., additional, Hale, C., additional, Harwood, J. J., additional, Heesen, V., additional, Hoeft, M., additional, Horellou, C., additional, Jackson, C., additional, Kokotanekov, G., additional, Kondapally, R., additional, Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., additional, Mahatma, V., additional, Mahony, E. K., additional, Mandal, S., additional, McKean, J. P., additional, Merloni, A., additional, Mingo, B., additional, Miskolczi, A., additional, Mooney, S., additional, Nikiel-Wroczyński, B., additional, O’Sullivan, S. P., additional, Quinn, J., additional, Reich, W., additional, Roskowiński, C., additional, Rowlinson, A., additional, Savini, F., additional, Saxena, A., additional, Schwarz, D. J., additional, Shulevski, A., additional, Sridhar, S. S., additional, Stacey, H. R., additional, Urquhart, S., additional, van der Wiel, M. H. D., additional, Varenius, E., additional, Webster, B., additional, and Wilber, A., additional

Published
2019
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46. LoTSS/HETDEX: Optical quasars

Author

Gürkan, Gülay, primary, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Morabito, L. K., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, Jarvis, M. J., additional, Duncan, K. J., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Callingham, J. R., additional, Cochrane, R. K., additional, Croston, J. H., additional, Heald, G., additional, Mingo, B., additional, Mooney, S., additional, Sabater, J., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, Shimwell, T. W., additional, Smith, D. J. B., additional, Tasse, C., additional, and Williams, W. L., additional

Published
2019
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47. LoTSS/HETDEX: Disentangling star formation and AGN activity in gravitationally lensed radio-quiet quasars

Author

Stacey, H. R., primary, McKean, J. P., additional, Jackson, N. J., additional, Best, P. N., additional, Calistro Rivera, G., additional, Callingham, J. R., additional, Duncan, K. J., additional, Gürkan, G., additional, Hardcastle, M. J., additional, Iacobelli, M., additional, Mechev, A. P., additional, Morabito, L. K., additional, Prandoni, I., additional, Röttgering, H. J. A., additional, Sabater, J., additional, Shimwell, T. W., additional, Tasse, C., additional, and Williams, W. L., additional

Published
2019
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49. The Far-Infrared Radio Correlation at low radio frequency with LOFAR/H-ATLAS

Author

Read, S C, primary, Smith, D J B, additional, Gürkan, G, additional, Hardcastle, M J, additional, Williams, W L, additional, Best, P N, additional, Brinks, E, additional, Calistro-Rivera, G, additional, Chyży, K T, additional, Duncan, K, additional, Dunne, L, additional, Jarvis, M J, additional, Morabito, L K, additional, Prandoni, I, additional, Röttgering, H J A, additional, Sabater, J, additional, and Viaene, S, additional

Published
2018
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50. LOFAR-Boötes: properties of high- and low-excitation radio galaxies at 0.5 < z < 2.0

Author

Williams, W L, primary, Calistro Rivera, G, additional, Best, P N, additional, Hardcastle, M J, additional, Röttgering, H J A, additional, Duncan, K J, additional, de Gasperin, F, additional, Jarvis, M J, additional, Miley, G K, additional, Mahony, E K, additional, Morabito, L K, additional, Nisbet, D M, additional, Prandoni, I, additional, Smith, D J B, additional, Tasse, C, additional, and White, G J, additional

Published
2018
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