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Reports a study of postmenopausal women's practice of exercise after age 30. Subjects (n=111) were studied with regard to their practice of weight-bearing, aerobic, regular, and area specific exercise. Findings indicated that regular practice (at least 90 minutes weekly) of weight-bearing, aerobic, and regular exercise affected the development of osteoporosis. (SM)

Fourteen adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) participated in a 12-week exercise program to determine whether such training would bring about changes in blood lipid and lipoprotein profiles. The findings support the beneficial effects of regular exercise for individuals with IDDM. (MT)

The use of the timed sit up as a measure of abdominal fitness has been challenged. This article describes experiments designed to evaluate a modified curl up test as an alternative. Subjects were 20 college students averaging 25.3 years of age. Results are discussed. (Author/MT)

An acceptable substitute for the straight and bent knee sit up exercise is described. (JD)

Calisthenics is a form of bodyweight exercise that involves dynamic and rhythmic exercises. The physiological responses during and after calisthenics remain unclear. This study examined whether a bout of full-body calisthenics, a form of circuit resistance exercise that involves bodyweight movements, yields greater excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) than steady-state exercise (SSE) at matched oxygen consumption. Twenty-two young adults (age = 22.1 ± 2.4 years; four females) participated in two separate, oxygen consumption (${\dot{\rm V}}$V˙O2) matched exercise sessions: full-body calisthenics (nine body weight exercises, 15 reps × 4 sets) and SSE (running on a treadmill at 60–90% of ${\dot{\rm V}}$V˙O2max). Energy expenditure, substrate utilization, and EPOC were measured during exercise and 60 min of recovery. SSE showed higher peak ${\dot{\rm V}}$V˙O2 and heart rate during exercise than those during calisthenics. However, the post-exercise ${\dot{\rm V}}$V˙O2 and energy expenditure above baseline level during the first 10 min of recovery were significantly higher with calisthenics than with SSE (0–5 min: 1.7 ± 0.5 vs. 1.0 ± 0.6; 6–10 min: 0.5 ± 0.4 vs. 0.1 ± 0.2 kcal/min; 31–60 min recovery: −0.1 ± 0.3 vs. −0.2 ± 0.2; all p < .05). During calisthenics, participants utilized a significantly higher proportion of energy from carbohydrates (85 vs. 73%; p < .01) but after exercise, they used a greater proportion of fat as the energy source (71 vs. 50%; p < .01) compared to SSE. Full-body calisthenics, a circuit-style bodyweight exercise, may be more effective than ${\dot{\rm V}}$V˙O2 matched SSE in triggering greater EPOC and fat metabolism. Further efforts are warranted to demonstrate whether different amounts of skeletal muscle mass groups indeed lead to varying EPOC responses and energy use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to investigate the effects of calisthenics exercise on muscular endurance by implementing a 10-week whole-body calisthenic training program on 183 randomly selected untrained collegiate students (108 females, 75 males). A two-group pretest-posttest design was employed (Control group = 88; Experimental group = 95), accompanied by three muscular endurance field tests—the one-minute push-up test, planking test, and wall sit test— to thoroughly observe the probable effects of the training program on this fitness component. The pretest involved administering fitness tests, followed by the 10-week training program for the experimental group. The control group was instructed to engage in one hour of preferred physical activity three times a week for 10 weeks. Post-testing was completed by administering the same fitness tests. The normality of the data was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. For intragroup comparison, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used, while for intergroup comparison, the MannWhitney U test was employed. Among females in the Controlled Group, the One Minute Push-up Test showed a significant improvement from a mean of 10.80 (±7.18) to 13.97 (±7.53) (p < .00001*), while the PT increased from 68.83 (±37.80) to 78.79 (±41.50) (p = .00036*), and the Wall Sit scores rose from 48.90 (±27.04) to 65.59 (±31.86) (p < .00001*). In males, the Wall Sit demonstrated a significant improvement from 58.15 (±26.47) to 83.88 (±50.28) (p = .00022*). Conversely, the Experimental Group exhibited significant improvements in all three tests for both females and males. Inter-group comparisons revealed the Experimental Group's significantly higher mean scores in the One Minute Push-up Test (24.50 vs. 18.17, p = .00494*), PT(107.87 vs. 79.85, p = .01044* for males), and Wall Sit (112.34 vs. 83.88, p = .01255*). Both female and male participants in the Experimental Group showed significant improvements in the One Minute Push-up Test, Planking Test, and Wall Sit compared to the Control Group, with consistently higher mean scores across all tests. The study recommends testing more muscle groups, like those involved in pulling and hip movements, to better understand calisthenics' impact on overall endurance and suggests additional field tests for a more complete evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While it is widely acknowledged that exercise has positive effects on cognitive function, the specific impacts of different types of exercises, particularly open and closed skill exercises, on cognitive impairment continue to be a debated topic. In this study, we used fNIRS and cognitive psychology tasks to investigate the effects of different types of exercises on cognitive function and brain activity in young adults. We conducted an observational study to assess the cognitive function of participants who had engaged in these exercises for a long period. Additionally, we examined the effects of open skill exercise (badminton) and closed skill exercise (calisthenics) on localized blood flow in the prefrontal lobe of the brain using an experimental research method. Specifically, during the Stroop task, the badminton group exhibited significantly higher △HbO2 in channel 18, corresponding to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, compared to the calisthenics group (F = 4.485, P < 0.05, η2 = 0.074). In the 2-back task, the calisthenics group showed significantly higher △HbO2 in channel 17, corresponding to the frontopolar area, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and inferior prefrontal gyrus, than the badminton group (F = 8.842, P < 0.01, η2 = 0.136). Our findings reveal that open skill exercises are more effective in enhancing cognitive inhibition, thereby increasing attention capacity, self-regulation, and flexibility in response to environmental changes. Conversely, closed skill exercises demonstrate greater efficacy in improving working memory within cognitive functions, showcasing an enhanced capacity for information processing and storage. These data indicate that while both open and closed skill exercises are beneficial for cognitive function, they exhibit significant distinctions in some aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1826 Marian Mason was introduced to British society as a callisthenic instructor. Trained by P.H. Clias, a gymnast who oversaw physical training in the military and navy, Mason is the first high profile female fitness coach in British history. Despite her importance as a landmark figure, Mason's contributions, and indeed life, remain relatively obscured from the historical record. Studying Mason's heyday in public life from 1826 to the early 1830s, this article provides the first substantive examination of Mason's life, her social networks and wealth and, critically, the monograph she published in 1826. While acknowledging Mason's role as an early female fitness coach, the article provides a deep reading of Mason's successes, focusing on her class and relationship advantages, her ability to court medical favour and shrewdness in addressing broader societal concerns. This article is less a biography and more an examination of the broader social and medical trends in early nineteenth century England, which created a space for people like Mason. The article presents a simple argument – Marian Mason was an early female fitness coach who, drawing on broader societal concerns about the body, created a niche for her career by leveraging her expertise and familial connections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents how the modern virtual amenities and ambience can be used to discover the convenience and effectiveness of online gym. The domain of the study is Artificial Life(AI)in which Human behavioral aspects are taken into the consideration in virtual environment under framework of Artificial Intelligence. The area of implementation of the same is Healthcare. The motivation behind the work is multitasking responsibilities of modern life where working professionals or students don't have much time space. In the proposed work, there is no more need of commuting to the gym through rushing out to the class, it is anywhere anytime exercise at one shot wherever & whenever the user of the system wants. In this era of multi-vertical responsibilities fitness is perhaps the strongest health criterion with appropriate work-out schedule. In the model formulation of the problem, novel software model is proposed in which the user can explore variety of workout programs and trainers with different approaches and specialties in the contrast to physical gym in which facility is trivial. The model is self-experienced inspired by Machine Learning that can throw new exercises and techniques with changing time to its user. In the solution process, this system can understand workout needs and desires through textual interaction with user and will be prescribed the appropriate calisthenics / remedial exercise plans. The proposed work is supplemented by illustrative case studies in Yoga and Aerobics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Ensino em Fisiologia do Exercicio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Attentiveness during class is critical for learning. Teachers have strategies to promote active engagement and active learning, yet little control over students' baseline level of alertness and focus upon arriving to class. Objective: To evaluate the effect of pre-lecture cognitive exercise on attention and learning in lectures. Method: In Experiment 1, college students (n = 28) in Introductory Psychology participated in a brief battery of complex cancellation tasks prior to a subset of lectures. Effectiveness measures included course exams and post-study student surveys. Experiment 2 replicated the first in a subsequent class (n = 35) with the same instructor and the addition of post-lecture quizzes. Results: In both experiments, students performed higher on exam content from post-exercise lectures relative to control lectures. No effect was observed on post-lecture quizzes. On post-study surveys, students reported improved attentiveness to lecture after cognitive calisthenics. Conclusion: Pre-lecture cognitive activity appears to benefit student attention and learning in lectures. Teaching Implications: With so many students arriving to class either distracted or sleepy, the inclusion of a brief pre-lecture cognitive exercise program may be an engaging and effective method for optimizing student attentiveness and learning in lecture-based courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: High-intensity functional training (HIFT) is an exercise modality that emphasizes functional, multi-joint movements that can be modified to any fitness level and elicit greater muscle recruitment than more traditional exercise. Therefore, this research aims to compare eight weeks of HIFT with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on some factors of physical fitness, time to exhaustion, and lactate levels in officer students. Methods: In this semi-experimental research, 30 officer students with an average age of 20.04 ± 0.84 were randomly divided into 15 HIIT and HIFT groups. All the tests were done before and after the implementation of exercise protocols. Both HIIT (running-based) and HIFT (bodyweight-based functional movements) protocols were performed for 8 weeks, 3 days per week, at the intensity of 85-90% of the maximum heart rate. Basic evaluations included body composition evaluation, fatigue test, muscle strength and power test, and Army physical fitness test. Results: The findings of this research showed that HIFT and HIIT increased respectively aerobic fitness (15.69%, 9.61%), back and leg muscle strength (16.02%, 5.02%), vertical jump (25.31%, 5.14%), push-up (19.61%, 9.39%), sit up (18.24%, 9.83%), time to exhaustion (16.21%, 14.41%) and reduced body fat percentage (18.38%, 12.18%), and lactate levels (22.89%, 14.77%). Also, HIFT was more effective than HIIT in increasing aerobic fitness (P = 0.0001), back and leg muscle strength (P = 0.0001), leg muscle power (P = 0.0001), abdominal and shoulder girdle muscle (P = 0.0001) endurance, time to exhaustion (P = 0.0001), and reducing body fat percentage (P = 0.002). Conclusion: It seems that high-intensity training, especially HIFT can improve several factors of physical fitness at the same time, and it is more suitable for tactical athletes (soldiers, firefighters, etc.) who need high physical fitness to perform their duties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Sports Science & Arts - English is the property of Helwan University, Faculty of Physical Education for Girls and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the number of practitioners of disciplines such as parkour, break dance or calisthenics (freestyle or street workout) has increased. These disciplines share common characteristics, such as an unregulated street origin and a focus on acrobatics. This study aimed to analyze the state of scientific publications related to these acrobatic street sports. A bibliometric analysis was conducted, applying traditional bibliometric laws to scientific documentation found in journals indexed in WoS and Scopus. Data processing and visualization were performed using Bibliometrix and Excel. A total of 199 articles published between 1984 and 2024 were identified, indicating exponential growth. Among these, 139 papers were related to parkour, 48 to breakdance, and 12 to street workout. A review of 158 journals revealed that they contained related publications, although their distribution did not conform to Bradford’s model, showig only two areas. Among 417 authors identified, 22 were deemed prolific and 12 prominent. France emerged as the most prolific country, followed by the USA. The 553 author keywords were categorized into three groups, each associated with one of the sports. The 26 most cited papers were selected as relevant, demonstrating a correlation between the increase in publications and the popularization of these sports, largely due to television exposure. The "International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics” emerged as the most prolific journal. The most relevant authors identified in each sport were Signey Grosprêtre (parkour); Max Daniel Kauther and Christian Wedemeyer (breakdance); and Javier Sanchez-Martinez (street workout).

Copyright of Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud (RIICS) is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Maria Cano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, or PCOS, is estimated to be the most common endocrine illness affecting women of reproductive age, affecting 28% of young women. A trend toward grade 1 obesity is predicted by PCOS patients' BMI when compared to females in the same age group. Body weight exercises, known as calisthenics, involve a variety of movements that employ the body's weight as resistance. Because the movements are relatively easy to learn, pose little risk of harm, and offer a distinct exercise routine that may be more enjoyable, calisthenics may be a beneficial replacement for resistance training. To examine how callisthenic workouts, affect young adult girls with PCOS's BMI, waist-hip ratio, depressive symptoms, and QOL. The study's objective was to examine the effect of callisthenic exercises on BMI, waist-hip ratio, depression, and QOL in class 1 obese young adult girls with PCOS. An Experimental study was carried out, in and around Pune city. A total of 52 patients with PCOS, and class 1 obesity were included in this study; with aged 18 to 25 were chosen using simple random sampling. The individuals underwent callisthenic exercises for 6 weeks, the pre- and postdata were measured using the waist-hip ratio, BMI, Beck Depression Inventory, and PCOS Health Related QOL. The study concluded that calisthenics helped class 1 obese young adult girls with PCOS enhance their QOL and lower their BMI, waisthip ratio, and Beck depression score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the published review literature regarding movement, exercise, and breathing in the prevention and/ or treatment of the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) and long COVID, with the goal of describing the literature and identifying areas for further research and clinical application. Movement and exercise incorporate sedentary behaviours, various forms of exercise, breathing and respiratory therapies, and yoga-asanas (postures). Methods: This paper progresses from a live review and incorporates systematic reviews and narrative reviews. A literature search occurred monthly using PubMed and Google Scholar from May 2022 to May 2023. A measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR) scoring assessed systematic review quality, while the scale for the assessment of narrative review articles (SANRA) guidelines were used to evaluate narrative reviews. Only information and data focused on movement and exercise relevant to COVID-19 prevention and/or treatment were extracted from each review. Results: Three narrative reviews and five systematic reviews were included. Sedentary behaviours increased significantly during the pandemic. Decreased physical activity level was associated with risk of hospitalization from COVID-19. Physical activity and breathing exercises, whether conducted face-to-face (F-2-F) or via telerehabilitation were associated with improvement in dyspnea (shortness of breath), exercise capacity, lung function, fatigue, and quality of life (QoL). Extreme exercise is best avoided for at least 2 to 3 weeks after severe COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusion: Sedentary behaviour and lack of regular physical activity is correlated with an increased risk of COVID-19. Various forms of movement, exercise, and breathing may be beneficial in the treatment of COVID-19 and in long COVID. Further research and understanding of the importance of movement, exercise, and breathing as it relates to immune health is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the effects of two different exercise interventions on cost of care, functional capacity, falls occurrence, muscle strength, and executive function in institutionalized oldest old. Design: A pilot study of a randomized clinical trial investigating 12 months of two exercise interventions compared to a usual care group in oldest old residents of a nursing home. Setting and Participants: 69 older patients (mean age 89.4 ± 5.1 years) completed the full baseline and post intervention measurements. Participants were randomly allocated into multicomponent exercise group (MG, n=23), calisthenics group (CALG, n = 23), and usual care group (UCG, n=23). Methods: Primary outcome was individual cost of care, and secondary outcomes included different physical and cognitive functioning tests, as well as number of falls. Results: MG reduced the cost of care compared to the pre-intervention period, with the greatest difference from baseline achieved in month 12 [mean change 95% confidence interval (CI)=−330.43 (−527.06, −133.80), P=0.006], while UCG increased this outcome, with the greatest difference from baseline observed in month 12 [mean change (95%CI)=300.00 (170.27, 429.72), P=0.013]. In addition, MG significantly improved SPPB score [mean change (95% CI) = 1.21 (0.55, 1.88), P<0.001], whereas the UCG exhibited a decline in scores [mean change (95% CI) = −1.43 (−1.90, −0.97), P<0.001]. Moreover, MG group demonstrated an improvement in the number of falls [mean change (CI 95%) = −1.0 (−1.73, −0.27), P=0.003], while no significant changes were observed in UCG. Additionally, MG exhibited a significant increase in the handgrip strength (HGS) and leg press strength (P<0.001), while a decrease was observed in UCG (P<0.001). No significant changes were observed in the CALG. Conclusions and Implications: A one-year multicomponent exercise intervention reduced the cost of care, improved functional capacity and muscle strength, as well as reduced falls in institutionalized oldest old. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laura McDonald-Wedding,1 Lauren Goodwin,2 Annabel Preston,3 Gaylene McKay,4 Cylie Williams3 1Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, 3078, Australia; 2Department of Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct (AMREP), Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia; 3Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, 3199, Australia; 4Alphington Sports Medicine Exercise and Rehabilitation, Alphington, VIC, 3078, AustraliaCorrespondence: Laura McDonald-Wedding, Austin Health, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, Tel +61 403 313 972, Email laura.mcdonaldwedding@gmail.comObjective: To quantify the prevalence and nature of injuries and their risk factors in calisthenics to, therefore, inform the practitioner what to expect from these athletes.Methods: This study was an online cross-sectional survey of calisthenics athletes. Data were collected online and the survey was distributed via social media over six months in 2020. The purpose-built survey consisted of demographic, training and loading questions. Participants were provided with an injury definition and reported their total number of injuries sustained during calisthenics including detailed information on three most significant injuries, along with mechanism of injury and risk factors. Multivariate regression analyses were used to determine objective factors associated with the number of injuries.Results: There were 543 participants describing 1104 injuries. Mean (standard deviation (SD)) injury prevalence was 4.5 (3.3) per person. Of these injuries, 820 (74.3%) required training modification or treatment. Participants missed a mean (SD) 3.4 (5.1) weeks of training and engaged in a mean (SD) 10.9 (9.1) health professional consultations. The most common injuries were upper leg (24.5%), ankle/foot (22.8%) and lumbar spine (19.3%), with the majority being sprains/strains in nature (56.3%). Mechanism of injury included elevated work (27.6%), overuse (38.0%) and specific calisthenics skills (38.9%) – such as lumbar (40.6%) and lower limb (40.3%) extension-based movements. Subjective risk factors included load (66.8%), preparation (55.9%) and environmental factors (21.0%). Objective risk factors associated with higher numbers of injuries included increased years of participation, left leg dominance, increased training hours (regardless of training type) and state team participation (p< 0.05).Conclusion: Practitioners need to be aware that calisthenics athletes demonstrate a high proportion of strain/sprain injuries involving the lower limb and lumbar spine with causative movements being extension-based. Addressing risk factors such as loading, preparation, asymmetry, and the environment related to these movements are important for the treating practitioner.Keywords: sport injury, injury epidemiology, calisthenics, dancing, gymnastics, ballet, risk factors, injury prevention

The article "Game-Based Learning: Engaging Activities for Gen Z and Alpha Students in the Collegiate Group Piano Classroom" in the MTNA e-Journal discusses practical games that can aid learning in collegiate group piano classrooms. The activities are organized into four curricular concepts: sight reading, keyboard topography, technique, and harmonization. Examples include flash reading for sight reading, Keys in the Dark for keyboard topography, Scales Relay Game for technique, and Figured Bass Name That Tune for harmonization. The emphasis is on active learning and engaging students in the learning process. [Extracted from the article]